VANCOMYCIN - What You Need to Know
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 5 ก.ย. 2017
- VANCOMYCIN - What You Need to Know
Vancomycin is a bactericidal glycoprotein that binds to the d-Ala-d-Ala terminal of the nascent peptidoglycan pentapeptide side chain and inhibits transglycosylation.
Vancomycin is indicated for the treatment of serious or severe infections caused by susceptible strains of methicillin-resistant (beta-lactam-resistant) staphylococci. It is indicated for penicillin-allergic patients, for patients who cannot receive or who have failed to respond to other drugs, including the penicillins or cephalosporins, and for infections caused by vancomycin-susceptible organisms that are resistant to other antimicrobial drugs.
Vancomycin is indicated for initial therapy when methicillin-resistant staphylococci are suspected, but after susceptibility data are available, therapy should be adjusted accordingly.
Vancomycin is effective in the treatment of staphylococcal endocarditis. Its effectiveness has been documented in other infections due to staphylococci, including septicemia, bone infections, lower respiratory tract infections, skin and skin structure infections. When staphylococcal infections are localized and purulent, antibiotics are used as adjuncts to appropriate surgical measures.
Vancomycin has been reported to be effective alone or in combination with an aminoglycoside for endocarditis caused by Streptococcus viridans or S. bovis. For endocarditis caused by enterococci (e.g., E. faecalis), vancomycin has been reported to be effective only in combination with an aminoglycoside.
Vancomycin has been reported to be effective for the treatment of diphtheroid endocarditis. Vancomycin has been used successfully in combination with either rifampin, an aminoglycoside, or both in early-onset prosthetic valve endocarditis caused by S. epidermidis or diphtheroids.
Specimens for bacteriologic cultures should be obtained in order to isolate and identify causative organisms and to determine their susceptibilities to vancomycin.
To reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of vancomycin and other antibacterial drugs, vancomycin should be used only to treat or prevent infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by susceptible bacteria. When culture and susceptibility information are available, they should be considered in selecting or modifying antibacterial therapy. In the absence of such data, local epidemiology and susceptibility patterns may contribute to the empiric selection of therapy.
VANCOMYCIN Mechanism of Action
Vancomycin is an antibiotic drug which is structurally classified as a glycopeptide. It mainly acts by prevention of cell-wall biosynthesis of bacteria. It is specially effective against gram-positive bacteria and has been known to be effective against resistant strains of MRSA. Vancomycin is known as the drug of last resort as it generally used when all other treatments have failed. However, bacteria have started developing resistance to vancomycin as well- leading to use of other antibiotics.
Vancomycin acts by inhibiting cell wall synthesis of bacteria. Peptidoglycan layer of the cell wall is rigid due to its highly cross-linked structure. During the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacteria, new building blocks of peptidoglycan get inserted (i.e. monomers of N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetylglucosamine) into the membrane.Vancomycin inhibit the synthesis of bacterial cell wall phospholipids as well as peptidoglycan polymerization in a time dependent fashion by binding to the D-ala-D-ala side chain of the precursor pentapeptide.This prevent the transglycosylation step in peptidoglycan polymerization . By doing so, vancomycin makes the peptidoglycan layer less rigid and more permeable. This causes cellular contents of the bacteria to leak out and eventually death of the bacteria. Mutations in the transpeptidase enzyme can lead to increased resistance to vancomycin.
Adverse Effects
more than 10%
Bitter taste (PO)
Erythematous rash on face and upper body (IV; red neck or red man syndrome; related to infusion rate)
Hypotension accompanied by flushing (IV)
Nausea and vomiting (PO)
1-10%
Chills (IV)
Drug fever (IV)
Eosinophilia (IV)
Rash (IV)
Fatique (PO)
Peripheral edema (PO)
Urinary tract infection (PO)
Back pain (PO)
Headache (PO)
Reversible neutropenia (IV)
Phlebitis (IV)
less than 1%
Nephrotoxicity
Ototoxicity (especially with large doses)
Stevens-Johnson syndrome
Thrombocytopenia
Vasculitis
Very nicely explained. VERY GLAD ABOUT YOUR EXPLANATIVE ABILITY
Good video! I'm a visual learner so this helped a lot! Thanks!!!
love your videos! they are so easy to understand and I remember them so easily! thank you!
Excellent explanation! I enjoyed very much! 👍
Excellent video
great video, thank you.
Great drawings!
Thank you!
fantastic ,excellent explanation ,
This was a very good video! It explained everything in a structured but simple way that made it easy to understand.
Thank you!
Nice
This was excellent. Thank you sir ❤
Super bro.Easly understandable
Very well explained.. Thanks a lot
Thanks for your video.
Very very helpful. Please make a video on functional components in cranial nerves
Awesome presentation🔥🔥🔥🔥
Awesome video's collection... Clears concept in very easy and simple manner
thank you for those valuable words..🙂
This is amazing! You're a blessing
Thank you
Excellent video. Thank you so much!
my pleasure
Thank you so much sir....Could you please do a video on Autonomic nervous system and neurotransmission
good vid thanks you earned a new subscriber :-D
good ,thanks
Beautiful drawing 😍
Thanks Medinaz .. appreciate your efforts.. you make everything so easy..
thank you for the appreciation..:)
Amazing thx
Thank You so much sir. Please make video on other Antibiotics like Protein Synthesis Inhibiters
THANK YOU FOR THESE VIDEOS , MEDINAZ :-) YOU MAKE OUR LEARNINGS EASY
my pleasure..:)
Amazing video 👏🏻
Thank you
thx, helpful video and subscribe👍
Great info/presentation. Just got in the hospital today with septic elbow. They opened, drained, and cleaned. Now they gave me Vancomycin. Told me I may need to be in for several days. Can’t this be given as an out patient?
Congrats - good one !
thank you very much..
It's really helpful to us, thanks so much.
you are most welcome..
very helpful ...thanks alot 😊
you are most welcome..
big thanks
great work
thank you for your kind appreciation
Thank You the time you spent explaining this to me huge value to my choices on how to rid myself of this MRSA In emergency the other day the young emer dr yelled at me I was wasting his time/.
jzakiAllah khaer but plz keep some time to make a screen shot of whole picture
Vry nice
Can you make Mechanism of Action for Methadone and Buprenorphine compared to traditional Opiates/Opioids
really helpful video.. keep it up
thank you very much..
Can u do all the drugs please 💕💕💕😩
U r doing great job...god bless🙏🙏
thank you...please share these videos..it will be helpful for me to grow this channel..🙂
Whats the best time to wait to take a vanco level following the completion of a dose.?
Very neatly explained... I wish it has started when I was in ug.... ☺️☺️
thank you for the appreciation..🙂
Beautifullll video Sir
We're lucky
Thank you very much😇
thank you again Lalita..:)
Nice presentation... 😊
thank you..🙂
Do you have video about microlides?
Does vancomycin sometimes used when patient is VRE?? I saw that some of my patients but i didnt really know why
the description u have written ...below the video ..👏👏👏 .. I can write answer to easy type question... on vancomycin in my pharmacology exam ...easily nw ...after watching this video n the description 😋.....thnku sir ... ur efforts ...👌👌 plz keep it up ...
thank you very much for those beautiful words..
Very nyc👍.. pls make a video on antitubercular drugs and its toxicity.. Thank you
thank you...I will try..please share these videos..it will be helpful for me to grow this channel..🙂
If you have already seen the Mechanism of Action video then you can skip 1:25 to 4:42 portion
Medinaz beautifully presented
thank you bhai..🙂
Explaining Sinus rhythms please.
How come Gram negative bacteria helps with Vancomycin, in my culture sensitivity report they have given me Vancomycin.. Pls help here
wow beautiful drawings, are you also an artist?
Thanks a lot. Awesome video. Any reason for getting crazy chills after administrating ?
Fever chills shortness of breath..even hearing loss has been reported with rapid intake of vancomycin
Much nausea and diarrhea, weight loss, 1500 IV over 90 minutes. This is Day 27 of 29. I want my husband back.
@@juliedever111 hi dear friend… how is doing your husband…thank you… I am in treatment with Vancomycin in my home…
As a nurse when do you draw a peak and trough!!? Plz help
Hi, thank you. May I know is it possible for you to make a video on varicose vein and the most common site of such problem? Thank you.
I will try
@@Medinaz thank you for trying.
Gives me SEVERE abdominal pain! I hate it so much but sometimes I have to get it.
萬古黴素口服吸收差嗎? is vancomycin taken by the mouth badly?
I hatttteeeeee vanc, when I got it in the hospital it constantly irritated my veins so I had several different iv’s, when the flushed my system it burned like hell. The vanc didn’t even work too, so it was all pointless. They just tried random stuff on me cause I didn’t have an actually diagnoses just something growing in my neck. So I guess I ended up scratching my scalp to all hell, becoming red as a tomato, and getting seven different iv’s for no reason. Great. Thanks.
Hey I'm having similar issue first I was given clindamycin for something in my kneck. It destroyed my stomach now they are trying to give me vancomycin to counteract it. Can you please tell me what was growing in your kneck it can probably help me.
I get this drug IV, for 6 weeks for a very bad case of Discitis and Osteomyelitis - its been incredibly effective!
yes it is..:)
What are the meaning of VRSA
i mean whic organ effect
👍Nice
thank you..🙂
Can vancomycin treat serious stap
Please all anti microbials
iam alive. i like vancomycin
iam not had a red man syndrome but i can remember the injecting pain(over hours)
is vanco really bactericidal or bacteristatic?
能教我嗎? can you teach me?
What about people that have permanent red skin...
I am allergic to penicillin,
I am from the mi'kmaq tribe,
In north east Canada.
I am a red man,
I am not a drug induced illness,
Am I?
👌👌👌
peptidoglycan synthase and peptidoglycan glycosyltransferase are same
super
5 star
I was told that the pic line will give a petson heart problems. I son has 15% function now and had to get pump/ fubulater. Now he swells up something terrible.
My mom had to have a pic line put in her because she needed long term iv medicine but her veins kept going bad so the pic line was the only way to help her. I am sorry about your son and hope he is doing better now🌹🌻🌹🌻🌹🌻🌹🌻🌹🌻🌹🌻🌹🌻🌹🌻
什麼是有明顯的耳毒性跟腎毒性? what is the obvious the poison of ear and the kidney？
Supb dear
Beutiful
It's osummmmm literally
I got redman syndrome from this medication
Tigecycline group of drugs
Sir aap give me