Turkey's Earthquakes: The Cost of Ignoring the Past
ฝัง
- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 20 พ.ค. 2024
- Little over a month ago, a 7.8 Magnitude earthquake struck the city of Kahramanmaraş in Southern Turkey, it was a devastating event. But it was not the first of its kind in Turkey, far from it, and its severity reflects a decades long problem within Turkish politics and its construction culture. This video intends to dissect these problems.
I'd like to thank Professor Polat Gülkan for his participation in the project, his perspective was invaluable. I would also like to thank a few individuals that aided in the translation of some of the Turkish laws presented in this video - they know who they are.
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Donation Links to help those affected in Turkey and Syria:
ihh.org.tr/en/donate/turkiye-...
www.icrc.org/en/donate/syria-...
www.directrelief.org/emergenc...
disasterphilanthropy.org
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Script, Sources and Corrections:
www.dropbox.com/s/mi06xpadlvo...
Link to my twitter:
/ firstcassemedia
Chapters:
0:00 - Introduction
1:03 - The Izmit Disaster
8:58 - Post Izmit Attempts at Reform
12:22 - The Situation Today
16:28 - Conclusion
The visuals or audio herein may not be utilised to train a machine learning algorithm of any kind without express permission of the Copyright holder (IMPERIAL) - บันเทิง
Hey everyone, as usual the sources are linked in this pinned comment and the description, really hope you enjoy the video. www.dropbox.com/s/mi06xpadlvo6k8e/Izmit_Turkey%20Script.docx?dl=0
Also, check out my twitter: twitter.com/firstcassemedia
Thanks for being one of the few TH-camrs to source in an easy to read format. Also for providing your script!
When’s yo next video because your videos have high quality.
@@peytondailey6108 should be released in about a month or so, still in the research phase for the next one
Excellent video. This just popped up in my "Recommended" list, and I'm glad I watched it. So, new subscriber!
But more seriously, your video highlighted so many issues. Countries that are prone to, or who have suffered, earthquakes in the past, have implemented strict building codes to prevent collapse. Also, they have a prioritised emergency response network for when the "next one" should occur. Japan is a good example, as you pointed out.
Disasters occur. Terrible calamities happen. But if your governmental infrastructure is always ready to "expect the unexpected", lives can be saved, souls rescued, and the trauma greatly lessened.
As much as I feel tremendous sorrow for those who have lost their lives in this disaster, I feel bitter towards a government that should know better, has learned from history, and been better prepared on all fronts.
Again, excellent video about a calamity that could have, and should have, been averted.
love the editing thanks for giving us the best vids
when the foreign aid faster than your own government 💀
The army didnt act for multiple days....
Erdoğan was probably so scared that he rather let the people die and let the army guard him, when they should be there saving lives
Than
Your
And Turkiye isn't particularly a poor country too. In fact before the economic screwup by Erdohan, it was in a cusp of being a developed country. The last time it was at Pakistan's GDP per capita (PPP-adjusted) level was in the 1960s.
To put that into perspective further, Indonesia which is so much poorer than Turkiye (even if comparing it with late 1990s Turkiye during which Izmit earthquake struck) managed to muster effective rescue effort during 2018 Palu earthquake and tsunami disaster within *hours*. Which makes it truly head-scratching given how much resources on paper Turkiye could've mobilized in short order.
@@lontongstroong It isnt about GDP 6-7 years ago when I was in medical school my teacher would proudly say AFAD is pretty effective , faster and more organised than EU countries.(We had less GDP at that time btw) Kızılay was still a proper organisation back then too. Rampant corruption left both of them useless pieces of trashes. People do not even want to donate blood to Kızılay anymore because they afraid they will sell their blood instead of giving it to the hospitals.
The economy wasn't going wonderful from the start, it was all a facade, but it gave Erdogan time to develop the country. In the end, the risk he had taken from the start became a deep economic crisis. When country was still making profit it was easier to steal money without effecting Turkey's economy but when the economic crisis he started to take from important places. If you add his weird monetary policies that left treasury completely empty, things got really sour.
As a Turkish person this video is very detailed in it's explanations are almost perfect for the reasons of recent disasters. The government collected over 35 billion dollars since the 1999 earthquake, and none of it was used on any sort of solution which would alleviate the issues mentioned in the video. The main problem is rampant corruption which plagued and still plaguing the country to this day. I just hope the population finally sees who they "elected" for the last 21 years and tries to change it in the upcoming election.
If the opposition coalition weren’t a bunch of clowns I would’ve voted for them but it is what it is
@@no-nx3ip “it is what it is”
50,000 people died.
@@shayan_idk I wasn’t talking about the earthquake, I actually completely agree and just as I implied I don’t even support erdogan, imo he is better than kilicdaroglu and thats it
@@no-nx3ip so you support Erdoğan, lol
@@POTATOEH81 no I won’t be voting
As an Indonesian, there's the very same problem in our country. Our country is literally located in the "Ring of Fire", more fragile compared to Turkey. The government really seem to barely learn from the past because whenever there are major earthquakes/tsunamis, it's always highly costly: thousands of death and millions Dollar worth of damage. It's rare for school to provide earthquake education, and earthquake-proof buildings are very rare to find, all because of lack of regulations by the government to mitigate such disasters. I'll really appreciate if you cover this problem in the future.
Which shows how *INSANELY* high the barrier is for a country to foster strong response, culture, and mitigation towards the issue. Turkey is no longer a poor country, not yet as rich as let's say Western Europe but the days of its dire poverty is already way behind (to put that into perspective, the last time it was at Indonesia's level was in the 1970s by GDP per capita PPP adjusted standard), yet it struggled the same way the much poorer countries do.
I sincerely think we as the global community, especially the vulnerable ones, need to work together decrease the bar significantly to prevent the unnecessary loss of life and economic opportunities. We simply can't cope it with the existing means, it's a dead end unless you get as rich as Japan's economic level. Like, mobilizing resources in global scale to find such disruptive and readily-diffusive (even in low resource settings) solutions in means of research initiatives, information and knowledge sharing, and technical assistances, that can circumvent much of the political and societal barriers. Think the likes of COP21 but in case of earthquake disaster mitigation. We've been doing that in small and sporadic scale, and that's been proven to be very far from enough.
Same with the Philippines and its many cities. Not sure about Malaysia.
@@dionysianapollomarx There's no earthquake prone region in Malaysia. But given their institutional defects relative to its economic and development level, which are very similar to Turkey (and both are in the same income band too), they might've gotten at the end of the stick too, had they exist in such geographical condition.
Actually it is very easy to solve it. 100 percent earthquake proof building. Even 7 Richter scale can't destroy it. You can dm me how to build it. - From Indonesia.
every earthquake is an opportunity, to evaluate which building designers built a building that didn't fall down, and those that did, after every earthquake that list ought be published, how else will we learn?
¡Amazing video! One thing to note with the "not prepared" phrase: Chile and Japan. Any government in a quake-prone region in this day and age would learn from both countries and apply their strategies, yet here it's clear that the Turkish government both failed to learn from its own mistakes and to learn from the lessons other nations had to learn. I lived through the 27-F in Chile, 2010, an 8.8 earthquake that shook the entire south-central region, and my building only had light damage in 1 wall, because we learned our lesson after 1960.
The US West Coast especially California also have strict building codes due to their frequency of earthquakes of being in the Ring of Fire.
Wow! California could take lessons. We are overdue for a massive quake.
@@MildMisanthropeMaybeMassive Yes but we can do better. I lived through (and nearly lost my dad in) the Loma Prieta. We are doing a poor job of it here.
@@lowwastehighmelanin I am sorry for your loss.
The earliest memory I can remember was the Loma Prieta quake, although I can't be certain if it was my actual memory or one implanted in me through constant retelling of the story since I was only 18 months old.
My mom was giving me a bath in a plastic tub and suddenly it started rocking back and forth up and down. I laughed because it seemed fun like one of those shaky supermarket coin-op rides. But I looked at my mom whose face was frozen in concern and contemplation and became frightened.
I heard my older sisters shouting through the door, and my mother opened it after the first rumbles stopped and I saw that a tall bookcase that was at max capacity with books and other items had tipped over and fallen face flat.
Later that day I looked out my window and saw the old San Francisco Victorian across the street had lost its brick chimney, which was now scattered like Jenga blocks on the roof, alley, and cars. The next days I remembered being carted through destruction.
The Millennium Tower does indeed show that San Francisco could do a lot more with building codes. (As does the abundance of flat roofs with high facades that fill up like swimming pools and collapse due to heavy rainfall.)
Actually the laws about construction quality were promulgated after the earthquake of 1939.
i love your visual style.
while the writing, narration and pacing are top quality aswell, your illustration can be taken as a benchmark for the entire space of youtube documentaries of this kind. you are up there with the likes of lemmino.
That's a good compliment. Lemmino is great.
Here in California, we were told constantly to be prepared for the big one and to have an emergency kit. We even have earthquake building codes.
The last time we had a big earthquake was in 2019. Thank God it occurred in an area that is not very populous.
But this is a reminder to always be prepared.
I live in Utah and we have a lot less risk than California when it comes to large Earthquakes but we still have very stringent Earthquake regulations and get taught how to take cover from debris and such in school.
The thing is, had similar earthquake (and the scale of ground liquefaction) struck populous part of California these days, the casualties might've been similar thanks to the relatively huge number of residents living as homeless (who certainly don't possess the emergency kit).
Don’t make this about America challenge ***impossible***
@@sit-insforsithis1568 it’s an example of good earthquake prep in another very earthquake prone area, what the problem with that
the earthquake in turkey was LITERALLY 1000 times more powerful than the california earthquake.
please spread this video around the internet as much as possible and make official turkish subtitles so that everyone (including our people too) can see how easily this disaster could've been avoided
Islamic country is always corrupt and they dont care about people.
Turkish peasants are cool people. One offered me tea and a biscuit thing that tasted like dirt.
Really great video. Thank you. It was so interesting to watch and brought back many memories. I was working on a project on Greek-Turkish relations when the Izmit earthquake struck, and it profoundly affected the two countries. But it is so disappointing that so few lessons were learned.
Why should they learn when they have real estate in chelsea? Just swoop the taxes and when you lose the election, your 40 generation is safe and sound.
I'm just saying, there should totally be a James Ker-Lindsay & IMPERIAL collab
I wish it happened to Chinese or one of those crappy countries. The Turkish people are the best! I love them! Sucks they had this happen. Should have been the Chinese instead…
@@VanguardArmament Please no.
@@mastercreamer1398 go look up 2008 Sichuan earthquake
as a Turkish citizen first i want you thank you for your splendid research even Turkish media doesn't have this detailed videos/documentary i would like to make a Turkish subtitle for the video so all of Turkiye can watch it please reach me under this comment about how can i help
I’m glad you liked it, if you’d like to help with Turkish subtitling you can reach out with your email through my business email on the channel page. I’ll be able to add you as a subtitle editor
The production quality of yall videos is so damn crazy high! Yall deserve so much more attention
I know it's hard to believe, but it's not y'all. It's one guy.
@@spectacles-dm DAMN SHITS EVEN CRAZIER THAN
I live in a city on Black sea cost in Turkey. When i was in highschool local universities researches did a presentation in my school. They took samples, and did experiments in a developing part of my city and reached a result that that region was not suitable for high scale development because the ground was used to be a swamp and is very soft. That region is now the most developed part of my city with the highest story buildings in the city.
much to learn from countries like Chile and Japan. Japan’s seismic isolators and Chile’s “strong colon, weak beam” system saves thousands-while they experience much severe earthquakes than us. Turkey’s north-anatolian plate is one of the most if not the most complicated fault located in land. and what breaks my heart the most, we *knew* our systems were inadequate.
back in November 2022, an earthquake with magnitude 5.9 occured in Düzce. nobody died and approximately 90 people got injured. this was a perfect opportunity for us to fix our issues regarding earthquakes. yet, when you look at the reports written after the quake its all about how the research and rescue teams failed the citizens even in a relatively small earthquake. and if the big one hits in this state we wouldn’t be prepared for it. and the fact the two breaks happened 9 hours apart, the fact it hit in the middle of the night at 4am and while it was snowing heavily all contributed to the severity of disaster. 5 of my relatives, one family froze to death. they survived the earthquake but died of hypotermia. we found them all hugging each other.
yes, it was a disaster that maybe has one or two examples in the history, yes this was the worst case scenario coming to life. but these are no excuses.
we learn absolutely nothing. i hope we will be more prepared for the anticipated the Great Marmara Sea earthquake. researches show only in İstanbul where 16 million people live, the estimated death toll might be around 300k, in Istanbul alone. not to mention the neighbouring cities, which also are heavily populated.
this was a beautiful documentary. I hope we will not repeat our past mistakes. much love from Türkiye ❤
I believe you mean column not colon
Such a top-quality video.
Maybe:
Turkey - The Cost of Ignoring the Past.
do you like turkey?
@@PakBallandSami ya
@@PakBallandSami I'm more of a ham guy myself.
@@GregBartlesbyProductions you got me
Well they still try to say they did in genocide The Armenians, sooooo...yeah
Such high quality production & research for a underrated channel, keep ‘em coming.
Your graphics are insanely well made for a TH-cam channel with a relatively small subscriber count, that plus great narration and content - I hope - means you’re bound to grow. Seriously, the graphics especially on the nazis in Paris are insane, you’ll soon be hosting masterclasses or skilllshare videos if you aren’t already
And you can tell the narrator isn't an AI
That’s what I noticed as well. They are so well done!
Very illuminating video. In Chile, we've managed to have a pretty decent system in place, in terms of construction and emergency response. People joke all the time about not being fazed by earthquakes, but at the same time we know as a country that we must be prepared for them at all times. Hopefully Turkey's situation will improve in the future.
Japan today is better prepared after every quake - a lot of sacrifices are made to protect our cities.
While we could do nothing against the Tsunami, most of our buildings are now strong enough to withstand the largest of earthquakes.
Building regulations were drastically changed, after we learned the hard way, in the 1995 Hanshin-Awaji quake.
Turkey, you can do it too!
Listening to this vid reminds me of building problems in my country facing at the past and still present in the current time. My country had drastic development and significant upscales after the 1950 Korean war. Long explanation short, we did have similar problems as Turkey faced when the buildings were closer to the period when it was built after the Korean war and up to Japanese rule of Korea.
The Sampoong Department Store collapse Accident, Sŏngsu Bridge Collapse Accident, and Wau Apartment Collapse Accident show that minimal law requirements and restrictions can make buildings and infrastructure crumble even without an earthquake. Of course, our modern( meaning closer to the year 2000 and 21 century and beyond) building would be more strictly built under construction regulation, especially after the 2011 Great Tohoku Earthquake but still, there are buildings that were built before these installment regulations or not that strictly improvised.
Politically, both countries have similar problems. except we are playing hot potato games between the ruling and opposition party.
I wish our government administration and parliament are looking forward to these problems. Prevention is way better than fixing it after the hazard occurs.
And MV Sewol too, which is otherwise really unthinkable to happen in a country as rich as Korea.
@@lontongstroong In my view it's a country's functional problem.
no political party need much more blame on that incident.
fault lay on to the systematical problem.
2 things...
1) what a great indepth video, its a bit weird about being so recent in a way, but it's still one of the better videos you've produced. I think it might be worthwhile to make a turkisch version somehow so that it may have a concrete impact
2)16:36 u hot
Tru
Lol
Great video as always, good information and animations, hope the channel grows!
Blown away by the production value. Love the channel.
Your animations and storytelling are some of the best I have seem on TH-cam. Keep up the good work.
The amount of effort you put in your videos is unfathomable. The animation is spot on and everything is basically perfect. Great job!
Cool to have a swiss content creator producing such well made videos.
Love your work and I’m always excited to see a new upload! I think your one of the biggest underrated channels on the website given how high the production value is! Looking forward to the next video!
great video my dude - the production quality and your mograph work is unreal for a channel this size!
Wow! What a video! How does this channel only have 30k subscribers. The quality of your videos, the animations, the story telling are some of the best on TH-cam. You definitely deserve a lot more. ❤
Incredibly high quality content as always!
This video is amazingly well produced for a channel this size, amazing work
i have never seen a channel with such a fantastic editing, pace, narrating and backround atmospheric music such as yours. nearly 20 years on youtube, and i declare that already at minute 2:50 of your video. fantastic job.
Great video! Quality is up there with Lemmino, keep up the good work!
Great video as always! I love getting home from school and seeing a notification from your uploads. Me and my mom watch your videos together! Much love ❤
Great video! Love the visuals and how you embedded the Professor interview👍
I know this video didn't perform as much as you wanted. But your video's qualoty is through the roof! Very beautiful and clear, simplefied explination of the entire situation. Even though it goes into great detail it was still very simple to understand
Immer wieder super deine Videos zu sehen. Top Qualität in jedem Aspekt.
The quality to view ratio is crazy. Excellent video.
Another incredibly stunning video!
You are one of the greatest info-videographers on youtube, and I wholeheartedly support you. Keep up this beautiful art.
(Edit: you should make a patreon)
Keep on pushing man your Video is amazing ❤❤
As a civil engineer, it hurts to know that they had building codes but just weren't enforcing them. I just think of how many lives could have been saved if they had only build their building to code even if the code was outdated. The IBC (international building code) has a ton of guladance for building in high seismic areas. It could have done so much for them.
Can I just say that you are underrated? I seriously mean it. it blows my mind that you are under 30k subs. Amazing job
The tragedy of this situation is that Turkey will probably not learn from this, and 25 years from now this kind of tragedy will likely happen again
learned a lot - thanks
this is such high quality bro you deserve higher subs
I found my new favorite channel. Time to binge watch your content till Suhoor.
just discovered your channel while sick on my couch, gonna binge all your videos today
PS: gruezi
I don’t know why your video isn’t being pushed by the algorithm. It’s great!
I’m an American structural engineer, and every building I design has to include seismic loads, no matter where it is in the country. Not to say every building would survive an earthquake, but if one goes down, you’ll know for a fact which buildings are and aren’t best suited for it.
The problem is way more complicated than it seems . Please chexk this video: /watch?v=oCBw7WM7_U4 It says all off the building surrounding this one collapsed but not this one. They ask the structural engineer "What is you secret?" He replies :"I have designed and built them according to the rules" So engineers knoe the rules, they can and do design earthquakeproof buildings. But this is not always the case.
another phenomenal video!
Comment for the algorithm because it’s a great video and you deserve more attention
This is a GREAT analysis. Awesome job. You know us and how our "system" works (!). Great job. Thumps up.
The graphics are extremely professional and engaging, quite reminiscent of Lemmino. Keep it up!
What a great video. Well done 👏
I can't even begin to imagine the work involved in all the research that was done for this video.
Great work @imperial.
Fantastic and informative video.
I want to say your graphic design is some of the most unique I’ve ever seen on a TH-cam channel. It’s truly one of my favorite styles I’ve seen, you truly have an eye for it. Keep it up!
Really good video and high quality new subcriber earned!
I only just found your channel and it’s amazing. I wanted to suggest a topic as I don’t feel like anyone else has covered it in a good way and that’s ‘the Brabant killers’
I remember the Izmit earthquake and have a faint memory of Turkeyks arch enemy, the Greeks being one of the first on site to help and rescue.
Great video anyhow.
This video style is really interesting with it being also informative
I. 1998 I was looking out over the street I grew up on in Istanbul contemplating how incredibly deadly it would be if an earthquake happened later that night I went to sleep reading a book on the swing outside because bit was terribly hot and humid I fell asleep rather late around 2-230am and was woken up by feeling myself rock back and forth I jumped up realizing it was not just the swing that was rocking back and forth it was the entire house. I was so scared 😱 I froze for what felt like minutes, the shaking seemed like it was never going to stop and I had never experienced anything like an earthquake before finally something clicked and I started screaming everyone get out now go to the park!!! Thank god the buildings around me in this part of about 80 km from central Istanbul place I was in Silivri, Turkey was devastated for sure we happen to be lucky in a house my grandfather had built with his own money back in 1921 the house is literally older than the republic of Turkey 🇹🇷 nearby to this house is a bridge by a famous architect Sinan has been standing now for 500 years and really speaks to how well things can be built and the city in contrast came down like a bunch of dominoes like literal dominoes which is the reason I first was pondering how deadly an earthquake would be.
Amazing video. Thanks
Amazing work!
Thank you, this is why he reality for almost every city
Nice presentation man!
great work, very accurate
The quality of animations and what not is really impressive.
heieiei hinter dem akzentlose englisch hani jetzt als allerletzts en schwiizer erwartet! han din channel erst grad gfunde und mad probs, mega hochwertige content
Wow the video and the animations are amazing
What a good video. You got my sub sir.
I know a channel that'd reach a million subscribers when I see one and this is one of such. Great job
the editing in this vid is insane
Insane Video again!
Heyyy thank you for shedding some light on this topic especially the fact that it was in fact preventable and not whatever bullshit excuse the officals came out with. I have a relative who was in instambul durring the izmit disaster 20 yers ago. They slept in tents the first few days before being moved to a hotel later. Whatever plans they fad feel trough and they end up never returning. It sadens and frustrates me that something like that has happened again.
Video quality is out of the world.
This channel doesn't get enough love and I don't know why. Leaving a comment so that the algorithm gods hopefully smile on it
Great Video !
A very well done video
The saddest part is reading the reports warning of the earthquake even the death toll being perfectly in the middle it was all predictable and completely avoidable
As a Turk, I can say that Turkey did not learn from this earthquake.
Worse still, the upcoming Marmara (ie Istanbul) Earthquake can be much more destructive than this earthquake. Because the Marmara region is the heart of the Turkish economy. If Istanbul falls, we're in trouble.
Top video ❤
This was one of the most informative videos I’ve seen on this subject.
As usual it’s the people who suffer for the profits of criminals.
Prayers & condolences to the lost life’s in both disasters, how outrageous knowing the gov didn’t do anything for their own citizens that love their country so much!
1- There is also the practice of building more stories than allowed. Many buildings are 1-2 stories longer than allowed, the construction companies wait for amnesties that happen mostly before elections and pay a fine.
2- Erdogan supports and is supported by the construction sector.
3- Before Afad, there was "Civil Defence" as a government organisation and they also had rescue teams in Izmit. It got replaced by Afad because the breucrats there were not loyal to our glorious leader.
4- Buildings built around 2000-03 are probably the best because the people demanded safer buildings when buying. People later forgot about the earthquake and things got back to "normal"
5- As one Turkish politican said, the government that enforces the building code can't be elected a second time.
Other than that, it was a good summary. Thanks.
Well said
panpa biz o deprem vergileriyle 'milletimiz için' yol yaptık!
Imagine when the country you constantly degrade and undermine, sends help and rescue forces to a disaster site(which could have been minimized) before the local government does.
Idk If your going to be able to see this, but do you think I would be able to use this video as an inspiration and infomation source for a speech in my class? Btw great video and loving the content 😊
i can't focus on what this man saying because of visual quality of this video!
Well done.
amazing video as always (this is a comment for the algorithm)
This is why i advised people to avoid donating to charities for this cause.
Donating to help the people would reinforce the habit of dodging responsability because if a disaster happens, foreigners will pay for what the government is supposed to pay for.
If people in Turkey want help from people in other nations, they need to first bring down their corrupt government and get on board with proper standards and practices.
I believe that nobody who works for their own money should pay aid to cover up the negligence of a government that doesn`t work for their money.
Other than maybe helping the people that lived there a little? Since they did not have much to do with the building code other than living there
if you are not helping physicaly you can bet that money goes straight in to some corrupt persons bank acount in turkey even if you heped them by giving items there is posiblity that items sold bulk and exchanged for money and that also goes into some currupt persons bank acount
So weird that I missed the video when it initially released, and seems that I wasn't the only one...
Yeah, the deaths could have been severely minimized if something was done.
2 decades, and they practically let it happen again
The fault section that caused the recent event was even noted by seismologists as particularly concerning all the way back in 2003!
Not that I as an American should be one to talk, southern Oregon is 80 years overdue for their next big one but the state actually RELAXED building restrictions in the tsunami zone last year😖
The carrier I did a deployment on responded to this and sent some people dirtside. I remember them announcing over the 1MC what had happened.
I have notifications turned on for your channel, but I got no notification for this video, and it did not appear in my subscriptions feed.
Oohhh this is a fire video title, hopefully this blows up 😂
Human settlement history in Turkey dates back to 10 millenia BC. since then civilisations have repeatedly been destroyed by earthquakes. Unfortunately not much learned from the previous calamities...
Seismologists have been saying it's expected for decades at this point, this wasn't under the radar in the slightest. It's a disappointment honestly
Unfortunately, there is another problem besides the ones mentioned in the video. Maximum ground accelerations in Antioche are well above the acceleration in Turkish earthquake code. The lateral maximum ground acceleration was estimated around 0.45g, but the actual maximum acceleration was 1.20g. Ground acceleration is the main factor that determines the forces that damage buildings. This value is one of the largest values measured in crowded settlements.
fascinating
Türkiye, the one only Islamic nation successfully industrialized, democratized, and secularized (formerly) in the Islamic world. Kemal Atatürk would jump into the Dardanelles seeing what you've become.
This.
He absolutely would not. He overcame bigger obstacles in his time. He even predicted possibility of these days back then. If only the people truly take after his ideals they can fix things better than most would imagine.