We like to pin comments for clarifications when they are needed. At the point where "random" is mentioned in the video, it is discussing the *effect* of whether the mutation is beneficial to the organism - this is why we follow the sentence with, "The organism can't *will* itself to get a certain mutation." We chose to address this, because it's important to understand organisms are *not* "choosing their mutations to adapt and evolve" - a frequent misconception. An additional, lengthier source from Berkeley that also explains "random" in regards to mutations is here: evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/0_0_0/mutations_07 But this is different than the mutation *rate* or *frequency* which can be altered by both external and internal factors (we actually mention some at 1:38 ). To read more about this, we found a great further reading article from Nature Education - you can scroll down to their answer "Are Mutations Random?" www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/genetic-mutation-1127/ Just a note: in case you've seen our old mutations video, this is an updated form. The script is nearly the same, although we think we improved explaining a silent mutation and a frameshift mutation. We also emphasized that mutations can happen in all kinds of organisms (and viruses too)! Our art has also improved as we continue to practice. No MS Paint this time ≧◡≦! You can see our milestones here: www.amoebasisters.com/milestones We did decide to create an updated free student mutation handout---we don't always update old video handouts, but we wanted to improve it: www.amoebasisters.com/handouts Still prefer the old video (and handout)? No worries! We try to not delete old videos and you can find it here: th-cam.com/video/GieZ3pk9YVo/w-d-xo.html
You are completely discounting adaptive and stress-induced mutations by saying "all mutations are random" despite the scientific evidence that suggests that not all mutations are random
Dying Bacteria leave single genes in environment. And the they mutate their genes see what happens also mRNAs can sine fall back to main genome duplicating genes so yes we can will mutations
Here are my notes, you guys can skim through it if it helps!! Gene Mutations Mutations=change in DNA bases=Different protein=diff traits Can be harmless, beneficial, disadvantaged -harmless are usually the misplacing in matching codons -the mutations that show are frame shifted Frame shift insertion, deletion -bases read in 3s is changed, this effects the whole reading frame shift -lead to several amino acid changes Chromosomes mutation: -made of protein or DNA Duplication Extra copies of genes made deletion Genetic materials break away inversion Reversed chromosomes translocation One chromosome breaks off and attached to another chromosome Meiosis (Gametes of half chromosome number) -sometimes the chromosomes don’t divide equally -too many or too few chromosomes in the gametes during intersection When the parents have the same mutation, their offspring will have this mutation When the offspring inherits one gene of the mutation, they are a carrier Carrier -not having the mutation -not having symptoms
@@Mufflin 1. Don't memorize and try to understand the material. But you'll definitely need to memorize/remember some names. 2. Focus in class, don't worry about everyone who's taking notes in class. Try to listen the teacher 3. Watch TH-cam videos to help u study 4. Get a Prep book like in April and get ready for the exam 5. Don't stress. If u can't understand a topic, leave it and come back to it again. If you still can't understand it, then fu*k it. It's not the end of the world!
You guys are the best though, you make hard concepts seem super easy, you helped me with pre-AP bio and I’m sure will with AP bio this year! Thank you.
@@AmoebaSisters I've just found your channel. I've taking two college level general biology classes and am now in genetics and this is still helping me. It's great that your content can be applicable and understandable for a large variety of subjects and learning levels. This is not quite advanced enough for the class but I've used it to understand the foundations of a subject before using the lectures and textbook to get the more detailed processes and additional enzymes/processes. It's also great as a refresher and summary for each concept for after learning the details.
I am taking a biology class in college and I am using your videos to help me understand things from class. My professor loves it. I have cited your videos more than 1 time. My 10-year-old son loves watching them with me. Thanks!
Even though I’m on summer break, I still love to watch your videos, cause they are entertaining and fun. You guys are able to explain certain concepts better than my teacher, and I thank you for that
@@AmoebaSisters yay! IDK how much I can say this, but ILY guys SSSM!! I took Bio 2 yrs ago, Chem last yr, & am taking Kitchen Chem (i.e. stuff about cooking) this yr. 3rd yr in HS, but still watching this & still subbed. Can't get enough. Love u, pls keep going, & never ever stop. EVER! 😍😘❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤
Today when I was in school , I went to my library to study for my bio test tomorrow. I was very stressed and I did not know what to do. Another student gave me this website , and I think my life is saved! My teacher makes her lessons so complex that I don't understand them. So when I go home I can watch a video on the lesson! Thank you for this amazing source! - Christian from New Jersey ( 10th Grade)
Dear and wise Amoeba Sisters you've become my favorite source of bio info. You talk in such a clear and concise way, and the funny and amusing illustrations accompanying your explanations put a smile on my face. You truly excel at that and gives your videos a plus. Many thanks and Congratulations!!! :)
I showed this to my younger brother and he loved how well explained it is and the drawing which helped him understand a lot more than how his teacher explained. Thanks
You guys are helping me so much in my genetics class! I should've checked you guys out sooner when I took cell bio last semester. Reading the book is really boring sometimes and lectures as well. But the videos have been helping me understand so much in a few minutes because of how interesting and fun they are! Thank you for the great content :)
You guys truly are a godsend. From the bottom of my heart, I want to thank you. You’re the reason that I’m getting an A in bio. And the reason that most of my class is passing (I sent your channel to our group)
Haha! Yeah, I do that all the time and all of my friends and family are annoyed. What I don't understand is how can they say no to a science lecture, I mean come on! :)
Hello! I'm Vietnamese. I'm 17 years old. I really happy to see and watch your videos. These makes me learn biology by heart easier and faster. Hope you can make more interesting videos like this
You guys are probably the reason I love science, my science teacher plays a lot of your videos and you guys always talk about things and show them in an easy to digest way.
Just wanted to say THANK YOU for making these videos! I watched everyone of them before taking the Biology CLEP test today (which I passed), and I can truly said they helped me immensely! You have a way of simplifying concepts to make them easy to understand. And I used a lot of your memory tips too! Thanks!
im watching from switzerland and thanks to you guys i have an A. you guys are a gift and i’m so thankful. i really want to thank you because every time i have a test or an exam you help me. thank you so so so so so much
When u search the whole of TH-cam for some HELPFUL bio videos and then u come across amoeba sisters and it becomes your go to channel So helpful and the images and voice over is so clear thanks x
Great video (thank you!!!) was that a Mass Effect reference or just a coincidence with the beneficial (paragon) and harmful (renegade) symbols @1:07? Made my day either way :)
these videos are actually so helpful and i love how she includes ways to remember the concept cuz that helps a lot when i have a quiz or test and i forget something or i’m unsure. and the cute little animations help me visualize what’s going on. i always watch these videos before a test to hear it all recapped in an entertaining video. thanks so much for ur help!💗
Your videos are very helpful to a highschool student like me :)) You guys inspire me to stay curious and help me realize how interesting biology is, especially you, Pinky. Thank you! Keep up the good work!
I love this channel you guys are so enthusiastic and interesting to watch while making it fun to learn biology. Thankyou for also being so positive and helpful in various ways :)
Have been watching your videos since freshman year of highschool, I am now a sophomore in college and continue to watch them. Thank you for these helpful videos
It is important to note that diversity in genetic backgrounds can potentially introduce greater genetic variation and reduce the risk of inheriting certain genetic disorders. For example, individuals who are carriers of different genetic mutations may have offspring who are not affected by those disorders. This is known as genetic heterogeneity and can be beneficial in preventing the spread of genetic diseases within a population. Furthermore, genetic diversity can also result in increased resilience and adaptability to changing environments and threats such as diseases and pathogens. Populations with greater genetic diversity are more likely to have individuals with unique genetic traits that may provide them with a survival advantage in stressful or challenging conditions. Overall, promoting and maintaining genetic diversity within populations is crucial for the long-term health and sustainability of all living organisms.
Thank you so much for this video, this really helped me better understand the basics of Gene's. I'm in a pretty hard bio class right now and all of the "fancy" words are too confusing for me to understand. This was really helpful, hope to see you in the next video you guys make! Bye for now
This is really cool - im not a med student but always loved biology and genetics. Now I'm interested in seeing if there is any research into whether the mutations are really random, or whether some genes or proteins or some of their components are weak that makes them more likely to mutate. especially with the TSC gene which causes tuberous sclerosis. There is 1 in 44000 cases in the US and in Europe its more like 1 in 20 000. What could be the possible reasons for the much more frequent occurrence of this disease and mutation in Europe vs US. What could be the potential environmental factors that make a mutation more likely. Could there be any relation to choline intake as it promotes gene expression? And im not looking for research where there has been trial that proved something, or for people to say that we dont really know what causes something, but when you look deeper there is 20 research projects started that have some slivers of information that may give an answer but since cohort wasn't big enough its treated as : we dont know.
Im so glad you guys are making videos again! This helped me through college and now im in med school, and find that for a quick review before reading the biochem book, your videos are great. you should make one about antibodies, structure, types and functions!
I was interested in viral gene tranfer from an evolutionary point of view. We have viral components in our DNA, and i was struck by the thought that its difficult for us to evolve on our own, as our multicellular nature means it doesn't matter if we lose some cells, but for a virus the same conditions could be life or death (avoiding for the moment whether a virus is "alive" as we know it). So virus would evolve much faster, albeit in a simple manner, and we were far more likely to evolve new traits by being infected with them, than by random mutation (which seems pretty unlikely if you look at the chances of a single mutation being passed by a single person).
A bridge to my home fell apart. A robber, who is also a killer, planned on robbing my house, but couldn't get to it, because the bridge was out. That's a picture of a "helpful" mutation. The bridge, being broken down, as the mutation, may have saved my life, but I still have a life whose efficiency is diminished, because the bridge is important to my life. It's not like a mutation could do such a thing as built a serviceable, complex bridge. It just happened to help me stay alive, even though it overall diminished my necessary abilities.
Great teacher. Explains very well and I very much appreciate your articulate enunciation- so many youtube channels talk too fast and don't organize the material in a way that makes it easy to learn quickly. This video helped me a lot to study for a genetics exam.
I'm in 7th grade and all of my friends watch TV shows or movies for fun and I'm just over here bingeing bio and chem vids. Please someone tell me I'm not alone.
I use many of your videos for my 7th graders and its helped them tremendously. One student told me they were teaching/explaining/helping their older sibling in 9th grade figure our the cell cycle, mitosis and meiosis. Your videos and MosaMack are my main go-to resources.. thank you!
We like to pin comments for clarifications when they are needed. At the point where "random" is mentioned in the video, it is discussing the *effect* of whether the mutation is beneficial to the organism - this is why we follow the sentence with, "The organism can't *will* itself to get a certain mutation." We chose to address this, because it's important to understand organisms are *not* "choosing their mutations to adapt and evolve" - a frequent misconception. An additional, lengthier source from Berkeley that also explains "random" in regards to mutations is here: evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/0_0_0/mutations_07 But this is different than the mutation *rate* or *frequency* which can be altered by both external and internal factors (we actually mention some at 1:38 ). To read more about this, we found a great further reading article from Nature Education - you can scroll down to their answer "Are Mutations Random?" www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/genetic-mutation-1127/
Just a note: in case you've seen our old mutations video, this is an updated form. The script is nearly the same, although we think we improved explaining a silent mutation and a frameshift mutation. We also emphasized that mutations can happen in all kinds of organisms (and viruses too)! Our art has also improved as we continue to practice. No MS Paint this time ≧◡≦! You can see our milestones here: www.amoebasisters.com/milestones We did decide to create an updated free student mutation handout---we don't always update old video handouts, but we wanted to improve it: www.amoebasisters.com/handouts Still prefer the old video (and handout)? No worries! We try to not delete old videos and you can find it here: th-cam.com/video/GieZ3pk9YVo/w-d-xo.html
Just what I was looking for to describe it to someone else. Thanks! ❤️
Also, congratz on 1 million subs!
Please make a vedio for DNA markers...! ..
You are completely discounting adaptive and stress-induced mutations by saying "all mutations are random" despite the scientific evidence that suggests that not all mutations are random
Dying Bacteria leave single genes in environment. And the they mutate their genes see what happens also mRNAs can sine fall back to main genome duplicating genes so yes we can will mutations
Here are my notes, you guys can skim through it if it helps!!
Gene Mutations
Mutations=change in DNA bases=Different protein=diff traits
Can be harmless, beneficial, disadvantaged
-harmless are usually the misplacing in matching codons
-the mutations that show are frame shifted
Frame shift
insertion, deletion
-bases read in 3s is changed, this effects the whole reading frame shift
-lead to several amino acid changes
Chromosomes mutation:
-made of protein or DNA
Duplication
Extra copies of genes made
deletion
Genetic materials break away
inversion
Reversed chromosomes
translocation
One chromosome breaks off and attached to another chromosome
Meiosis
(Gametes of half chromosome number)
-sometimes the chromosomes don’t divide equally
-too many or too few chromosomes in the gametes during intersection
When the parents have the same mutation, their offspring will have this mutation
When the offspring inherits one gene of the mutation, they are a carrier
Carrier
-not having the mutation
-not having symptoms
You are a saint. God bless you and your family😭🙏
#1 commenter
Literally the best person ever
W person W comment
I- Thank you Very Much!
I got a 4 on my AP Bio exam and without you guys, it wouldn't have been possible! Thanks
YAS! That's amazing! Thanks for making us part of your study materials. ≧◡≦
Got any tips for AP Bio?
@@Mufflin 1. Don't memorize and try to understand the material. But you'll definitely need to memorize/remember some names.
2. Focus in class, don't worry about everyone who's taking notes in class. Try to listen the teacher
3. Watch TH-cam videos to help u study
4. Get a Prep book like in April and get ready for the exam
5. Don't stress. If u can't understand a topic, leave it and come back to it again. If you still can't understand it, then fu*k it. It's not the end of the world!
Is that good or bas?
@@sebastianhillesmoya6612 Its really good, a 4 is a passing grade
Most of the comments are saying how it helped them with pre-bio or bio class but im over here in 7th grade and the teacher is making us watch this
same lol
Freshman, living environment
Same here😂😂
Hamza Qadiri hamza?!
Ann Arbor schools check
Time codes:
1:55 Gene mutations
3:12Chromosome mutations
5:20 Sickle cell anemia
You guys are the best though, you make hard concepts seem super easy, you helped me with pre-AP bio and I’m sure will with AP bio this year! Thank you.
That makes us so happy! Hope you have a fantastic time with AP bio - we always love video suggestions! :D
@@AmoebaSisters I've just found your channel. I've taking two college level general biology classes and am now in genetics and this is still helping me. It's great that your content can be applicable and understandable for a large variety of subjects and learning levels. This is not quite advanced enough for the class but I've used it to understand the foundations of a subject before using the lectures and textbook to get the more detailed processes and additional enzymes/processes. It's also great as a refresher and summary for each concept for after learning the details.
ur profile pic took my attention 😅♥️
WAIT I'M LEARNING AP BIO IN 7TH GRADE
@@lilyfileti7830 how...?
Isn't AP for high school?
I am taking a biology class in college and I am using your videos to help me understand things from class. My professor loves it. I have cited your videos more than 1 time. My 10-year-old son loves watching them with me. Thanks!
Yay for young children and science!
Even though I’m on summer break, I still love to watch your videos, cause they are entertaining and fun. You guys are able to explain certain concepts better than my teacher, and I thank you for that
Pikachu Boi
Same! But I think my teacher explains fine!
waut you mean cuz
Agree with u.
I learn more in a 7 minute video than in my 2 period 90 minute ap bio class and I'm literally gonna fail my test tmr
facts
Oof, same here except I'm in regular bio and we were dipping into epigenetics;-;
honestly same lmfao
Failing mine tomorrow
Failing mine today 🖐🏼
It’s summer vacation and I’m not taking biology anymore, but I’m still gonna watch this 😂
Our favorite type of comment! (ﾉ◕ヮ◕)ﾉ*:･ﾟ✧
Same, k i r s t e n. I took bio 2 yrs ago, but I love Pinky & Petunia so much, I can't leave their channels. Just hafta keep watching. Forever, maybe.
@@AmoebaSisters yay! IDK how much I can say this, but ILY guys SSSM!! I took Bio 2 yrs ago, Chem last yr, & am taking Kitchen Chem (i.e. stuff about cooking) this yr. 3rd yr in HS, but still watching this & still subbed. Can't get enough. Love u, pls keep going, & never ever stop. EVER! 😍😘❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤
this is *the last* place i was expecting to find another ARMY
Wait u watch this for fun?
Today when I was in school , I went to my library to study for my bio test tomorrow. I was very stressed and I did not know what to do. Another student gave me this website , and I think my life is saved! My teacher makes her lessons so complex that I don't understand them. So when I go home I can watch a video on the lesson! Thank you for this amazing source!
- Christian from New Jersey ( 10th Grade)
Now u are a collage student lol😁
Dear and wise Amoeba Sisters you've become my favorite source of bio info. You talk in such a clear and concise way, and the funny and amusing illustrations accompanying your explanations put a smile on my face. You truly excel at that and gives your videos a plus. Many thanks and Congratulations!!! :)
I love how everybody is talking about how this video helped them pass their class while I'm just over here laughing my butt off at the fruit flies xD
lol me too
I showed this to my younger brother and he loved how well explained it is and the drawing which helped him understand a lot more than how his teacher explained. Thanks
BaldiesoJose
That’s so sweet! If only my brother could watch this type of Biology videos...
I love the little comic panel at the end of each video! They always make me smile and I find an interest in learning about mutations! ^^
You guys are helping me so much in my genetics class! I should've checked you guys out sooner when I took cell bio last semester. Reading the book is really boring sometimes and lectures as well. But the videos have been helping me understand so much in a few minutes because of how interesting and fun they are! Thank you for the great content :)
You guys truly are a godsend. From the bottom of my heart, I want to thank you. You’re the reason that I’m getting an A in bio. And the reason that most of my class is passing (I sent your channel to our group)
Yay! More science!
Today mom looked at me weird because I was talking about DNA replication and 5 prime to 3 prime.
Thank you!!!!! ❤️
Must had been funny! But I do really understand you!
@@annymus4502 thanks! That makes me feel slightly more normal.
Haha! Yeah, I do that all the time and all of my friends and family are annoyed. What I don't understand is how can they say no to a science lecture, I mean come on! :)
I’m proud of you random internet stranger friend, you get that big brain energy.
Yessss!! ❤️ Power to the DNA Replication fans out there :>>
Your videos are AWEsome! I love them! And the fruit fly image at the end so punny I lol'ed :)
Someone tell me why I sit through hour and a half classes when I could be watching this from the comfort of my own bed...
ameoba sisters is how i'm passing biology honors...thank u ma'ams, u guys have my eternal gratitude
U guys helped me to pass my bio class!
The fact I learned more about DNA and RNA in this playlist which only took me less than an hour then my 2hour classes I have in my bio clasd
I’m a medical student and I still benefitted from this video, thx!
Hello! I'm Vietnamese. I'm 17 years old. I really happy to see and watch your videos. These makes me learn biology by heart easier and faster. Hope you can make more interesting videos like this
this channel is so unnecessarily helpful, im a sophomore in college and i literally rely on these videos for my labs
Love how the animation keeps on getting better! Good job !
Finally!! Best bio channel ever!!
Love the mass effect reference
I'd love to see an Amoeba Sisters video on the function/ structure of the heart/ brain?? 🙏🏼
@H A I wish we could like comments more than once omg 😩
Why is the duplication chromosome vibe checking me tho? 3:42
You must pass THE VIBE CHECK to continue this video.
You guys are probably the reason I love science, my science teacher plays a lot of your videos and you guys always talk about things and show them in an easy to digest way.
this was released on my birthday! I guess I got a bit of knowledge for my birthday :D Thank you, Amoeba Sisters!
When your college professor sucks at giving lectures so you turn to the real MVPs who got you interested in science in the first place
Just wanted to say THANK YOU for making these videos! I watched everyone of them before taking the Biology CLEP test today (which I passed), and I can truly said they helped me immensely! You have a way of simplifying concepts to make them easy to understand. And I used a lot of your memory tips too! Thanks!
thank you Amoeba Sisters for helping me understand Mutations I got a A+ on my mutation essay
For the past week I've been watching these in a bad mood and they made no sense but I'm in a good mood today and It all makes sense now.
Thank you for your very funny videos! This is the only channel for me that doesn't try to destroy my ears. Thank you for the videos!
Thank you
These videos really help to cut down all the memorising
I love your little cartoons! I'm such a visual learner that your videos make a huge difference for me in retaining this info.
im watching from switzerland and thanks to you guys i have an A. you guys are a gift and i’m so thankful. i really want to thank you because every time i have a test or an exam you help me. thank you so so so so so much
I would love you as my science teacher, these videos are fun and help me learn many new things I didn't know, Thanks for doing what you do!
Your videos make me understand thanks
i love you Amoeba sisters please continue uploading videos
thank you
And here I am two years later to rewatch these videos since bio freshman year. ( I am a junior who takes ap Bio) This is my favorite TH-cam channel.
When u search the whole of TH-cam for some HELPFUL bio videos and then u come across amoeba sisters and it becomes your go to channel
So helpful and the images and voice over is so clear thanks x
Great video (thank you!!!) was that a Mass Effect reference or just a coincidence with the beneficial (paragon) and harmful (renegade) symbols @1:07? Made my day either way :)
I absolutely love your videos. They have really helped me in microbiology and chemistry. Thanks so much!!!
You have helped me SOOOO much! Thx to this vid I'm gonna pass my Forensic science test!
you are so amazing! i got an A+ on my essay on mutations! thank you sooo much!
i am taking a college level biology and these videos still help me !
my bio teachers assigns your videos as part of our modules. so much better than reading
Got a 5 on AP Bio with your help! Thanks! :)
these videos are actually so helpful and i love how she includes ways to remember the concept cuz that helps a lot when i have a quiz or test and i forget something or i’m unsure. and the cute little animations help me visualize what’s going on. i always watch these videos before a test to hear it all recapped in an entertaining video. thanks so much for ur help!💗
I love how you explain everything so well!
u don’t understand how much this helps like u rly don’t know how much you’ve helped people omg thank u
Your videos are very helpful to a highschool student like me :)) You guys inspire me to stay curious and help me realize how interesting biology is, especially you, Pinky. Thank you!
Keep up the good work!
I have to watch this for science class but you guys make me excited to do my work for once, so thank you.
Just found this channel and I'm in love...the clarity, the simplicity, the animation..makes learning fun. Thank u🤍
Our teacher gave us your video to solve some activities, it´s very easy to understand, thank you!
Best wishes from Argentina
Single handily saving my grade broskie
I love this channel you guys are so enthusiastic and interesting to watch while making it fun to learn biology. Thankyou for also being so positive and helpful in various ways :)
Have been watching your videos since freshman year of highschool, I am now a sophomore in college and continue to watch them. Thank you for these helpful videos
It is important to note that diversity in genetic backgrounds can potentially introduce greater genetic variation and reduce the risk of inheriting certain genetic disorders. For example, individuals who are carriers of different genetic mutations may have offspring who are not affected by those disorders. This is known as genetic heterogeneity and can be beneficial in preventing the spread of genetic diseases within a population. Furthermore, genetic diversity can also result in increased resilience and adaptability to changing environments and threats such as diseases and pathogens. Populations with greater genetic diversity are more likely to have individuals with unique genetic traits that may provide them with a survival advantage in stressful or challenging conditions. Overall, promoting and maintaining genetic diversity within populations is crucial for the long-term health and sustainability of all living organisms.
where’s my notif squad at???
Rhocel Lipcan right here 👏
Thank you so much for this video, this really helped me better understand the basics of Gene's. I'm in a pretty hard bio class right now and all of the "fancy" words are too confusing for me to understand. This was really helpful, hope to see you in the next video you guys make! Bye for now
I am becoming a great fan of this channel!Lots of love from Bangladesh.
I love your videos and the little cells are all so cute. Your videos got me through Grade 11 Bio. Many thanks!
I am also a teacher and this video is outstanding i recommend it to all students and learners
This is really cool - im not a med student but always loved biology and genetics. Now I'm interested in seeing if there is any research into whether the mutations are really random, or whether some genes or proteins or some of their components are weak that makes them more likely to mutate. especially with the TSC gene which causes tuberous sclerosis. There is 1 in 44000 cases in the US and in Europe its more like 1 in 20 000. What could be the possible reasons for the much more frequent occurrence of this disease and mutation in Europe vs US. What could be the potential environmental factors that make a mutation more likely. Could there be any relation to choline intake as it promotes gene expression? And im not looking for research where there has been trial that proved something, or for people to say that we dont really know what causes something, but when you look deeper there is 20 research projects started that have some slivers of information that may give an answer but since cohort wasn't big enough its treated as : we dont know.
Yes, look up adaptive mutations or stress-induced mutations. The research suggests that not all mutations are random
Im so glad you guys are making videos again! This helped me through college and now im in med school, and find that for a quick review before reading the biochem book, your videos are great. you should make one about antibodies, structure, types and functions!
I am currently in 8th grade. I remember in 6th grade when i used to watch this in class. Good times
It wasn't that long ago then :v
im watching this in 8th grade
I watched this in class today, came back to point out the Mass effect reference 💀 I love the amoeba sisters
I’m still confused how mutations just randomly occur. What caused them to mess up in the first place. Why don’t they replicate how they’re supposed to
favorite science youtube channel ever😃😃😃
too distracted by the Mass Effect references LOL great info!
I was interested in viral gene tranfer from an evolutionary point of view.
We have viral components in our DNA, and i was struck by the thought that its difficult for us to evolve on our own, as our multicellular nature means it doesn't matter if we lose some cells, but for a virus the same conditions could be life or death (avoiding for the moment whether a virus is "alive" as we know it).
So virus would evolve much faster, albeit in a simple manner, and we were far more likely to evolve new traits by being infected with them, than by random mutation (which seems pretty unlikely if you look at the chances of a single mutation being passed by a single person).
Hey! I used to watch you everyday in science class. AS AN ASSIGNMENT
I have a little exam soon, Thank you for sharing your video😊
7:00 This made my day
this video is literally a lifesaver. thank you!!
Aw Thank you ! Such simple and enjoybal the way of explaining informations ❤❤
Am I the only one who watch this for fun during this quarantine time?
Just me?
Meh, okay
Haha I do too! :)
you guys made me laugh on these depressing topics you're THE BEZZ! keep it up
Squeeeeee Mass Effect and TMNT references while learning microbiology! - is this heaven?
A bridge to my home fell apart. A robber, who is also a killer, planned on robbing my house, but couldn't get to it, because the bridge was out.
That's a picture of a "helpful" mutation.
The bridge, being broken down, as the mutation, may have saved my life, but I still have a life whose efficiency is diminished, because the bridge is important to my life.
It's not like a mutation could do such a thing as built a serviceable, complex bridge.
It just happened to help me stay alive, even though it overall diminished my necessary abilities.
I watch your videos in science and they're really helpful!
ONE DAY YOU ARE GOING TO BE IN THE BEST LEARNING CHANNELS
You guys are helping me finish my diploma so thank you❤️
Great teacher. Explains very well and I very much appreciate your articulate enunciation- so many youtube channels talk too fast and don't organize the material in a way that makes it easy to learn quickly. This video helped me a lot to study for a genetics exam.
I'm in 7th grade and all of my friends watch TV shows or movies for fun and I'm just over here bingeing bio and chem vids. Please someone tell me I'm not alone.
NoT aLoNe At aLl
Not eVeR aLoNe
your videos are always helpful, thank you so much
I like your videos!!!!
It helps me alot
Thanks for your explanation ❤
Took biology during the summer and got addicted; love your videos!
Taking my microbio exam tomorrow. Hopefully this helps. Either way this video is awesome!
My teacher recommended me this page and now I'm loving it.. excellent explained keep it up specially the designing is awesome
Here!
Thanks, Amoeba Sisters really appreciate it helped a lot.
I use many of your videos for my 7th graders and its helped them tremendously. One student told me they were teaching/explaining/helping their older sibling in 9th grade figure our the cell cycle, mitosis and meiosis. Your videos and MosaMack are my main go-to resources.. thank you!
We watched u in school one day and here I am...mid summer😂
reviewing biochem for my USMLE exam with the Amoeba sisters :> ! love you guys !!