Density Based Traffiic Light Control With Timer

Shreyas Technologies
Hyderabad, Bangalore
Mob. /Whatsapp: [phone]
E-Mail : [e-mail]
DENSITY BASED TRAFFIC LIGHT CONTROL WITH TIMER
Traffic congestion is a severe problem in many major cities across the world. Conventional traffic light system is based on fixed time concept allotted to each side of the junction which is not changed according to traffic density in specific junctions. Because of this there is unnecessary wastage of time and fuel consumption. It leads to undesired traffic jams. The simple solution to the problem is to control traffic signals according to traffic density.
The main aim of this project is to monitor the density of traffic on the road and control the traffic lights at different junctions based on the density of vehicles. The project uses IR proximity sensors arranged at four lanes to detect presence of the vehicles. In real time , we can use laser beam with LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) sensors arranged in front of each other at exactly opposite sides of the road such that light from laser always falls on LDR sensor. If any vehicle interrupts laser beam , the LDR sensor status changes. The advantage of laser is long range as compared with IR sensors having short detection range.
The IR proximity sensor module has IR LED which acts as transmitter and photodiode which acts as receiver. The sensors are arranged side by side in the module. Whenever any object i.e. vehicle in our case comes in front of it, IR radiations get reflected back to photodiode and sensor output changes. The sensor output is given to microcontroller which processes data and control traffic signals accordingly.
We have also used here seven segment display based count down timer. Initially when sensors are not obstructed by any vehicles, count down time is less whereas when sensors are obstructed by vehicles, count down time is significantly increased. Thus this provides effective solution for traffic congestion in busy roads.
IR proximity sensors status is monitored using Arduino Mega board which has Atmega2560 microcontroller.