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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 29 พ.ย. 2017
- In the video I demonstrate how to make better surface area of your carbon with salt activation of carbon.
In the test you see that the battery which have salt (ZnCl2) activated carbon, have better capacity (run the motor twice as long) as battery with no salt activation carbon.
MAKE IT:
For salt activation of your carbon you need:
Some sort of carbon (you can also try normal activated carbon)
In my case:
6 grams of Sugar
9 grams of ZnCl2 ,... but you can also try FeCl, LiCl, NaCl, MgCl2, KCl,....
IF YOU WANT A NITROGEN DOPED CARBON YOU NEED TO ADD
1 gram of PCA - 2-pyrrol-carboxyaldehyde for the synthesis of the nitrogen-doped carbon!
Heat on 500°C for 3 hours.
You can use heat: 400, 500, 700, 750°C but each temperature have different performance. Also you can increase the time of heating
For acid activation:
You need some carbon mixed with acid like H2SO4, H3PO4, HNO3,...
For activatoin of carbon with KOH you need:
Carbon mixed with KOH in ratio 1:3 and heated in neutral gas (N2) on 750°C for 30 min. and then cooled to ambient temperature.
When the reaction mixture reached ambient temperature, you need neutralised with 5% HCl solution. The carbon modified in this way have the solution a green colour.
On the end you need to Wash the carbon.
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Does the acid activation require any more steps, or the activation just happens in solution?
zink chloride is very powerful. If it is added to any other conductive stuff it will increase its conductivity it is the same with magnesium too but it needs to be done the right way. The one you did is excellent.
Excellent video
I am up to this stage at the moment . Will be baking some carbon with potassium hydroxide tomoz. I am super excited to see the results . Cheers cayrex . Let’s see what Kev teaches us with his carbon in the coming videos . God bless TH-cam 😊
Electron Proton Neutron Mouron nice, hehehe
Love this Channel.
Thank you very much!
Chris Klama no problem 😉😎
Sugar that you are using has long chain carbons and short chain carbons. Yeast that makes alcohol will only use the long chain carbons leaving short chain carbon behind. Since electricity is stored on the surface of the carbon atoms a electron traveling around the bound electron to the carbon atom usually on the exposed surface of the carbon and in a direction straight to the collector plate like a wet sponge. The water fills the cavity of the sponge and coheision attracts the water to the surface but gravity draws the water downward only allowing the water to pool on the top surfaces in the cavity. The electrons do this in the carbon but they are not affected by gravity like water. They are suspended by the atomic electron shield of the carbon atom and the electrons only travel halfway around a atom to the next atom because electricty is lazy and it always takes the shortest route to ground. So what does this mean? You need to structure your carbon for electron storage this could be done by thin layers of carbon deposited on your collector plate overlaying each other creating structure even by growing crystals on the plate by heat, or by a ionazation crystallization process, I cannot give you all of my secrets but you have enough to get you going in the right direction 😁 a mind is a terrible thing to waste and thinking is FREE! 😁
Hey dude nice video, good results 😎 i am glad you did this one, as you said you were going to. Very impressive, as i keep on saying i will have to activate some of my carbons now ha ha.
Cheers mate
Sorry i forgot to ask how did you remove traces of zinc from the carbon after activation.
Kev
Structured carbon atoms will store more electrons the trick is to create the structure this can be done by crystallization with another element to create the lattice structure of the carbon😁 there are many processes and ways to do this but give different results. By growing a carbon crystal with a isotope this structure can be formed making areas for electrons to be stored upon a crystalline lattice structure that is grown for this purpose then used as a collector on a plate. You are getting close with baking carbon with elements but you must structure your carbon.
sounds like you are onto it ,carbon crystals , do you mean diamond ,what process are you using to grow carbon crystals cheers
Very nice. Thank you for sharing.
Good work keep itup👌👌👍👍
I remember accidentally charging up a battery backwards once the positive became negative and the negative became positive. My grandfather and I was experimenting with high voltage one day shooting lightning bolts across the garage he was teaching me about electricty a battery we put on the charger took a opposite charge it would not start a car and blow the fuses.
This video is VIP !
Why you think so?
Does the carbon have to be from sugar or can I replace it with charcoal, please answer my question
How you can charge water base supercap on 2.4v 🤔
Hi Cayrex,
Impressive result.
As you activated the carbon with ZCL, why did you not use that as your electrolyte rather than MGCL?
Martin.
solarhope because yes I can also use ZnCl als electrolyte but In the end I need to wash the carbon anyway to remove the salt.
cayrex2 What happens if you leave the salt in the carbon ? Doesn't it get more conductive then ?
I dont know if will be more conductive. Salt can close some pores in carbon
@@cayrex So what do you use to wash the carbon? Alcohol? DI water? Do you reheat it to dry or do you let it dry through natural aspiration(air dry)?
Awesome :)
It seems that these doped carbons with zink will produce more electricity than plain carbons but the zink atoms will dimish and the cell will degrade, sad to say. The acid base carbons will degrade the collector plate and eventually fail. Even rechargeable battery's fail due to chemicals degrading, loss of electrolyte, and plate degradation. Probably the best storage device for electricty and recharge is a capacitor. Proper understanding of what electricity actually is, how it travels, the losses involved in transmission and leakage of charge in storage would be helpful to any scientist. For a rechargeable battery this would be the exchange of ions across a barrier to a opposite plate, the ions carry the metal like electroplating zink then using a weak acid electrolyte to send ions to a collector plate copper or carbon something that won't degrade, this battery will produce current but will fail. Most battery's are a chemical reaction between two plates. The chemicals degrade and the battery dies. Lithium battery's degrade because of the dendrites current paths short out the cells. Due to electricty being lazy the current pathways grow oxides crystals that short out the cells causing fires. So what is the solution? Chemical battery's with limited life? Or capacitors with mutch longer life and recharge? Or a fuel cell battery that uses metals as a fuel burning the metals and creating current? A fuel cell battery can have a longer life span and need no power source to recharge just use more metals and electrolyte then you have current. So the choice is up to you.? Now thinking outside of the Box helps greatly🤔Hmmm? A solar cell with a light source would produce current and storing a light source can be done with liquid glow chemicals or glow plastic that has been turned to powder and a clear gelatin added then pumped thru piping to glass tubing and a light source like the sun. And even stored in a large container. The liquid could be exchanged at a station for charged solutions. A Reactor uses fuel rods to make heat heat converted to run a generator makes current.
Nice thinking mate! Yea, I try several fuel metal cells based on aluminium and zinc which is ideal for off grid. And I really like the idea about fuel metal cells.
but the capacitors in the example do not heat them???
Great video ! But I have a problem of the charging voltage. Is it ok to charge with fairly high voltage (2.4V) with water based electrolyte ? when charging over 1.2v, Is it possible to electrolysis of water ?
if you charge with 2.4V you will get some hydrogen evolution. But, you can try to charge with this voltage. in the end lead acid battery is also charged over 2V and electrolyte is water + H2SO4
Did you try the sugar with zinc nitrate? Check this out: Making High Performance Supercapacitor Materials - 1 th-cam.com/video/GSDSUFvLOEo/w-d-xo.html . If I remember right it has an energy density about the same as lead acid but you can charge it a lot faster and drain it down to 0 with no damage to the battery/cap.
Yes I try this,.... but you get only small amount of carbon. I need to miltply the amounts to get the carbon for one prototype. I think that is not really economically. But yes, you can get a good carbon with great surface area with zinc nitrate. But you have also methods that you can activate surface area of the carbon in better scale. But if you need a small amount of good carbon than you will go with zinc nitrate method.
@@cayrex Is what you did in the video with the zinc chloride better or worse than the zinc nitrate method for energy density? Also what about carbon sugar foam by using the hydrochloric or the sulfuric acid to foam it up? Thanks man
Nice video, For the KOH activation what kind of glassware did you use? Have you ever tried microwave activation?
I make a salt activation. For KOH activation is better to use teflon chamber? Can you tell more about microwave activation?
wouldn't Teflon chamber melt? I mix carbon with KOH in different ratios and activate it under Nitrogen for 10-30 minutes depending on Carbon source. But so far the glassware is the major issue I have!
Fatemeh Shahin melting point of teflon is 327C, you can use in autoclave reactor. But is nod good for high heat activation in this case is borosilicate glass good.
Fatemeh Shahin but you heat the carbon and KOH in the microwave on full power (700W)? You use nitrogen gas or you have another source of nitrogen?
that is why I wouldn't use teflon, as the temperature reaches ~1300 C. With autoclave the highest temperature is 120C and I agree that the pressure would help, but the Surface area of the AC is low
Do you bother with washing after processing your various active materials?
Yes,... sorry. You can try this,... if you make your carbon activation with (for example) NaCl and also your electrolyte will be NaCl,... than try using a carbon without washing. But I am not sure if this will work correctly
self-made SuperCaps are not practicable. Why? Breakdown Voltage to low (< 1.2V) and discharge-current to high...
If you know what you do, you can make good supercapacitor. You have milions of reasons why you get bad performance,.... not good or to low mol concetration of the electrolyte, binder, high resistance of the electrodes, thicker separator, the -+ electrode need to have good press together to one another, bad active material..... Most of the water based electrolytes have the limit of 1.23V, right. But you can also go to 1.7, 1.8, 2V,... (for example MgCl, EG abd H2O = 1.9 - 2V, 2 mol Na2SO4 = 1.6V, 2 mol ZnSO4 = 1.8V, etc). For level of self discharge is important the resistance of the electrodes,... high resistance = high level of self discharge. In basic all supercapacitors have self discharge but the question is how big is the self discharge. For making the electrodes is good to use a conductive material like graphite with activated carbon and binder. The electrode you need to press really hard to lower the resistance. Then you also have hybrid supercapacitors in which you have again milions of combinations. For example: MnO2 positive active material, AC negative active material and KCl electrolyte, sorry but I dont remember the mols,... 1 mol or 2 mol of KCl. The voltage is around 2 volts. Then you have also a redox active aditives which can you boost your supercap,.... see on google. I know that is a lot of work and organization to make a supercap, but is important.
nice tUNeZ
gOOd -- clEAr sCieNcE ___________ & thx , 4 Ur great effortZ of english
Have you ever noticed lightning in sky? And how it is created? It just uses water moving across each other at 180 degrees then a electrostatic charge is formed. Water can also be in the form of a plasma the 4th state of matter. Anywhere there is movement there is current, and anywhere there is current there is movement. Battery's use the exchange of chemical ions movement to carry a charge to collector plates the recharging the ions reverse their travel and move to their previous state. Current is movement of electrons in a circuit passing to ground. With hot electricty. Cold electricty travels in reverse to hot electricty from ground to positive😁 just informing you that there is a equal and opposite form of electricty. Cold electricty will make a filament light bulb turn cold instead of hot😳 there is a equal and opposite reaction for every action..
👍
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So non iodised nacl or iodised nacl??
non iodised nacl
cayrex2 will it be okay if I used nacl as electrolyte as well??
you can use nacl as electrolyte with no problem
sehe ich da ein g flex?
Andre Leonhardt ja 😁
G glex 2
solltest du lieber versichern....lg Handys sind zwar super im Preis Leistungsverhältnis aber sie gehen ziemlich genau nach Anlauf der Garantie kaputt
Andre Leonhardt Ich habe ein samsung s series, ich bin ein samsung fan. lg ist mein altes handy.
the two plates have different thicknesses and you swapped them over on the activated carbon.
have a dislike
Allen Hudson hahahahahahaha 😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂 the active area is the same,... 😂😂😂😂😂😂
People be stupid!!! M8 f off