The Horrifying Science of Prions
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 14 มี.ค. 2024
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sources:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prion#/...
dwr.virginia.gov/wildlife/dis...
www.bbc.com/news/uk-45906585
www.centerforfoodsafety.org/i...
www.ers.usda.gov/
s.giannini.ucop.edu/
www.latimes.com/archives/la-x...
www.government.nl/topics/brex...
www.theguardian.com/business/...
www.bbc.com/news/uk-northern-...
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it has great reviews, i just d/led it
if this video is about what i think it is (the risk of eating beef and other large prion risk animals) you are based bro
Nah, too much AI G
Na. AI made you so lazy you didn't even bother to learn what prions are.
imagine being so desperate for cash that you'd whore yourself for an app that spews out generic crap with no fact checking.
Feeding cows to cows seems uh... immoral.
Beef Squared
and this immoral move came back to bite us, yes?
ba dum tss@@monkofdarktimes
What do you think is done with chickens that passed away?
Why?
My prions don’t jiggle jiggle, they fold
Remix baby!
Ha
*dies in agony*
Slaps
Broski why 😂
Prions are such a scary thing, but in reality, any neurological degradation disease is scary.
But most of them aren’t contagious
scary because this thing are so potent similar to rabies
Sure, but most are age related or genetic. I’m not concerned about getting Alzheimers at 35. This is an actual threat to me, and potentially my whole family.
At least it's quite rare in Europe
Yeah. But one that can spread between Species and is hard to destroy, it's damn scary. And a real Pain for Hospitals operating on affected Patients.
When you don't get rid of all Prion on the Instruments, which goes far beyond standard sterilization, you could easily screw next in Line Patient on your Op Table!
I've heard cannibalism is a bad thing since I was a kid, today I just found out why.
Weird that I never knew the reason behind it except that it was immoral.
well not to defend cannibalism obviously, but it doesn’t cause prions outright, just causes them to spread if they are already in a population.
It’s just as infectious when eating an infected animal. This cannibalism thing is mostly a meat industry PR thing. Sheep MGM had been thought to have played a part in the cow outbreak
@@c14n_ This is exactly correct. I gotta dig back into my memory banks on it, but I was the court reporter on a class action trial here in Canada related to the outbreak of BSE here, and one of the experts we heard gave extensive evidence about the role that scrapie was believed to have played.
Same with Incest. Same with Necro/Pedo/Zoo/Filipinofilia
to be fair, prions aren't the reason why cannibalism is viewed as bad. Many societies look down on it way before we learned prions are a thing
I remember the whole thing like it was yesterday. Thick smoke filled the air as piles of cows 10s of metres thick burned. Our school replaced their beef items with lamb ones for years. Beef was stigmatised and beef with bones such as the rib eye steak was banned.
The scariest thing is there could be a generation of us who will die from vCJD and we don't even know it yet.
That's scary.
I'm not so sure about generations of people getting vCJD in the future. I do understand that this stuff can take decades before it breaks out. But we see a decline in the cases that is related to us figuring out what the cause of vCJD was. A delayed outbreak of the diseas makes perfect sense, but what would make no sense is the outbreak going back, as it did, and then suddenly returning.
Hehe, yeah, there’s definitely a generation of people whose genes might be at risk for some crazy shit like this.
I was working at the largest meat plant in the world Brooks Alberta Canada when Mad Cow broke out, we all lost our jobs within weeks.
It won't surprise me if we later find that certain forms of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and many other neurodegenerative diseases can be caused by prions. Eat pork instead of beef just to be safe. Pigs are resistant to prions.
Who could have imagined feeding cows to cows would be a bad idea...
Precisely. That’s exactly how the disease started. Cannablism is bad no matter what species is doing it
it gets so much worse than just this on the typical industrial farm. there's vats of pig shit millions of gallons big that are just sitting out in the sun breeding the most powerful bacteria you've ever encountered, there's chickens packed so tightly together they kill and eat each other to get more room, etc etc. It's possible to buy exclusively meat that hasn't been treated horribly before slaughter but it is pricey as heck and even then sometimes you go look at their supply chain to check their claims and find out one of their farms is dachau or something.
Don’t they feed fish to fish, too?
It isn't. The problem isn't feeding cows to cows, but feeding contaminated food to cows
didnt we see that iin the simpsons before
The scariest part of prion for me is its stability. Let's say you have virus stock in your hand (in the laboratory) and you want to destroy it, you just need to add SDS, Virkon, alcohol (if the volume is small), etc, and they are inactivated. You can autoclave (1atm 121 degree Celsius) whatever shit is in your hand (viruses, bacteria, fungi, etc.), and they will be dead at the end. But prions are not vulnerable to any of those chemicals or heat that are included in the inactivation. Once you have it, you have to follow strict ways to destroy it, and if you accidentally get it, there is no way to prevent what will happen later to you.
Once you have it you are guaranteed to die from it unless something else kills you first. The only conceivable way to treat it would be with nanomachines that could actually find and manually destroy the prions. Although that technology will probably never happen.
Read research on viruses eating viruses, bacteria eating bacteria, venom/anti venom 👉just gotta fight fire w fire & find a leads harmful to humans prion
Prions scare the crap out of me. I could have already eaten the fatal hamburger, and I won't know for years.
If you had eaten, you would've showed neurological disorders within weeks and would've died within a year
Not always true, prions can have a decades long incubation period. @@thehybrid210
Not true your body if healthy and well nourished and functioning well has mechanisms to deal with misfolded proteins. If your concerned FAST and up regulate autophagy. Prion disease occurs when the rate of misfolding generation has outstripped bodies ability to remove and degrade
Prions kill you within like 2 years max
Who might have thought that forcing herbivores to cannibalize would be a bad idea. Horrible.
Well, herbivores sometimes eat meat, but i get your point
We're Omnivores. That's why we have K9 teeth.
Go vegan
@@RynaxAlienNo
@@trevorrogers95 th-cam.com/video/8gqwpfEcBjI/w-d-xo.html
Chronic Wasting Disease in deer is another example of this too.
Does that mean deer eat each other? 😳
@@byronic-heroine In the case of deer, they're not entirely sure but sounds like prions are most likely transmissible through bodily fluids and contaminated soil. That said, though, virtually every herbivore is an opportunistic omnivore (deer are known to chew on bones for minerals, for example), so it's not impossible that a deer might eat infected meat directly.
Go vegan
@@Ad_InfernoI’ve observed my beloved red Cardinal partaking of road kill👉every animal eats meat/protein
@@RynaxAlienNo I enjoy taking care of my chickens and getting to collect and eat their eggs and won’t let some weirdo on the internet try to rob me of that.
I remember hearing about the disease as a small child, maybe 4, and then asked how the cows caught it. Learning that enough adults thought feeding dead cows to other living cows was not only ok but a good idea genuinely shifted my perspective on adults. I began to think very critically and be very weary of the decisions of adults, you never know what someone would do if others around them acquiesce.
they still ask you if you have ever lived in UK for 6 months or more when you're donating blood.
yep, my mom lived there for a while in 92 and still to this day she’s not allowed to donate blood, it’s not allowed in canada.
Prions are fascinating! No cure and nearly impossible to destroy. They’re a perfect monster.
The only reason it isn't the perfect bioweapon is due to its very limited transmission, not being able to infect a good amount of hosts. So we've got to stick with bacteria and viruses for now
@@thehybrid210 They've been finding Spike proteins are forming into prions in humans over the last two years now. There's been a few NHS and CDC studies on the matter.
@@pants15fighting fire w fire👉experimenting w a less harmful prion to fight a deadly prion👉qualifies as a “gain of function”
You didn't discuss Kuru...another fatal prion disease caused by cannibalism.
That would make a great video.
As I said on a different comment cannablism is bad no matter what species does it
Yes he did - Kuru is prion disease
@@annak9646 No shit. I just said that
They’re all the same disease you fucking tard. The name is just where it came from.
In the early 1980s I worked in an animal feed mill in the UK. I worked in the laboratory and we used meat and bone meal to increase protein in the feed. It was cooked to high temperatures. I also came from a farming background and had also dipped sheep with organophosphate sheep dips. It was illegal not to dip sheep and farmers were prosecuted. Some farmers it was theorised did suffer neurological conditions because of exposure to organophosphate sheep dip. Then after the appearance of BSE the organophosphate sheep dips were suddenly withdrawn. There was an article in the Lancet in 1999 about cumulative impact of exposure to organophosphate sheep dips on people. I am unsure whether it has ever been completely proved that sheep neural tissue, brain and other tissue fed to cattle via meat and bone meal could have been the source of BSE. I am also unsure whether potential links to organophosphates in sheep tissue were ever ruled out. I am still unclear if we have ever got to the bottom of why BSE really appeared and why it had not been seen to the extent it was before the 1990s. There is still a lot we don't know and I have never seen any reference to a thorough investigation.
I was once coated in organophosphates.
Scrapies in sheep (spongiform encephalopathy ) was seen in sheep first, as 'downer' sheep were rended and put into the feed of living sheep. This was also done with cow feed, and eventually downer cows were rended for feed as well. Prior to industrialized farming, this practice was not done.
MCD is terrifying
Very much
just don't be a cannibal and don't eat cannibal animals
McDonald’s is definitely the scariest thing out there
I'm... Lovin' it?
But how to be sure? Cannibalism isn't the only cause of Prion Infection. Even if it's the safest Way to get it. Interspecies transmission and accidental exposure on the Op Table.
Prions are a Pain, standard sterilization Practice are useless.
Chronic wasting Disease, Deer, and Scrappy in Sheep are also Prions.
It's really on the Farms to safely spot, check and dispose of ill Stock. And to watch the Herd close afterwards as precaution.
We only start to understand.
Its not only beef, but also other animals.
Scrapies in sheep, and Chronic Wasting in deer
And kuru
@@AlteryxGaminggood thing chronic wasting and scrapies hasn’t affected humans.
@@eggrollsoupvCJD is literally just other prion diseases manifesting in humans, though. So that's a distinction without a difference.
@@eggrollsoup testing has shown it to be possible, but it's slow to happen
I actually just wrote a paper for my classes on prion diseases. There are animal ones such as Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy
Kuru
tse is just the blanket term for prions? we call human ones that too, such as kuru
Can you link
Well your paper was shit because you apparently don’t even know that Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy is the actual name of the disease and that all the other names such as CJD and FFI are just specifics on how the TSE was acquired.
I looked Prions up on Google and Wiki.. TSE is the Blanket Term.
Scrappy in Sheep, Chronic Wasting Disease in Deer are 2 other I read about.
The thing that really terrifies me about prions is how they just hang around in the environment due to their immense stability. Here in Wisconsin the big source of prions is deer. Hunters and the DNR do their best to cull as many sick deer as possible but the reality is some deer are gonna die of the prion infection before they're found and then they're indistinguishable from any other rotting animal that died naturally. Not only will other animals potentially carry away its prions in their guts, but when the animal is fully rotted away the prions are still chilling right there in the soil. prions can be basically anywhere you could reasonably expect an animal capable of generating or carrying them to die.
we could end all life on earth tomorrow with our hubris and the only things that would be left are prions and that ancient immortal dog that gets passed around as a sexually transmitted cancer. (ps a video about the immortal dog std tumor would be dope, I'm very fascinated by the question of whether the immortal cells that carry on to this day "count" as the same dog that they originated from. there's fun arguments either direction).
I mean somewhat, no. It's a Cell Line. How mutated are they from there former initial Host/Body. Is the Cancer DNA still same as from this one Dog? 😆
2. Interesting mutant Cancer tragedy of a Facial Cancer in Tasmanian Devils. Transmitted via biting. It puts real Pressure on the remaining Population.
Immortal dog????
What if someone feed human to cows would cows get mad human disease
Parallel universe theory
Nah, they get Karen disease.
Or maybe turn into a politician 😂
You have to feed the humans to eachother first
My next door neighbor died from this a few years ago. Totally insane how that happened.
I was the court reporter a couple years ago on a Canadian class action lawsuit related to our federal government's handling of BSE. The real tragic thing is it devastated our beef industry, for no reason. The one infected cow being found - which was purchased from the UK - was enough, even though, according to the witnesses I heard from, feeding cows MBM was almost unheard of in this country, out of principle more than anything else. Farmers were simply understandably wary of feeding their cows something so far removed from their natural diet.
It feels like the video suddenly stops, like it doesn't have a proper ending
I was young when the BSE crisis hit the UK. I remember my dad complaining that he couldn't get T bone steak any more, and my mum making us go off beef for a while. I didn't realize how bad the response was from the government at the time...
I was 20 and was so busy with work etc didn't really follow news. Luckily I couldn't afford beef at the time so feel pretty lucky. Our govt is rubbish at responding to anything lol
There is an amazing book that shows how BSE and TSE, Scrapie and most importantly Kuru developed.
Kuru being a form of vCJD that occurred in the New Guinea highlands in the 1950's.
I highly recommend it if you want an in depth look at this tragedy.
It's called Deadly Feasts, can't find my copy to include the author's name, but it is chilling because Kuru was spread by cannibalism in New Guinea.
The family that couldn’t sleep is a good one too!
Do you mean Fatal familial Insomnia?
It's a horrible genetic misfortune. Bad Way to go. Loosing the ability to sleep at all until you die of Sleep Deprivation, for sure.
yo that stuff caused a lot of beef back then
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💀
LMAO
The steaks were quite high
😂
It's always a good day when you learn disturbing science, not because you're a psycho or something. But because you see how people fail and unfortunately lives end, but as a result, we learn from these unfortunate events and move forward with new precautions.
gross i didn't know they fed cows other cows that is just unethical and demented. who thought that was a good idea
It's definitely a bad idea, but how is it unethical tho? Most animals, cows included, will just eat anything edible.
@@cattoduke6286 unethical because cows don’t know any better, like someone made that decision they don’t have ethics if that’s how they were raised
@nikeprojock I don't think applying human perception to animals is a worthwhile way of thinking, I mean what humans find right or wrong is ultimately just a subjective reality not an objective one, what is considered evil today might be normal a few hundred years from now or less, honestly morality is nonsense but it does provide stability atleast among the poor or middle class, rich mfkers still love waging war & killin kids 😂
@@nikeprojock exactly. Cows don't know any better, they don't have the slightest problem eating other cows at all. It's not like the farmers force feed them or sth.
@@cattoduke6286 you are wild, that is exactly what they are doing
This video jumps all over the place with the naming of the prion disease and simply makes the video confusing and factually incorrect at times.
The prion disease that was found in the cows was called bovine spongiform encephalopathy (mad cow disease).
The prion disease that humans contracted through contaminated meat consumption in the U.K. is called Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD).
Most cases of CJD (Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease) are SPORADIC. 2:35 - only 15% of CJD cases are genetic or inherited, while the majority of CJD cases are caused by unknown reasons (sporadic).
4:14 - This is simply false. The prion disease you are talking about is called "Kuru" (transmissible spongiform encephalopathies); it differs from CJD. Kuru is exclusive to Papua New Guinea because some tribes practiced cannibalism, and Kuru would spread from a contaminated person to those who consumed it. There's no evidence that sporadic CJD can be transmitted from person to person. However, there is evidence that vCJD can spread from person to person, usually via contaminated medical tools (spine taps).
To explain once more, vCJD was caused by mad cow disease in the U.K. It's different from sporadic CJD, but it shares similar traits. Kuru is a completely different form of prion disease and is not related to CJD.
A rather poorly and unclearly made video on a rather interesting topic.
Probably generated via the sponsor's AI
That’s what I thought when I looked at his sources.
I did research on prion diseases so I could write about something I was passionate about for my little speech (it was like a short version of a TED talk on something science related). I chose to narrow it down to chronic wasting disease in cervids, but I had a section on general prion diseases, since at their core they are all the same (misfolded proteins as the cause, through one form or another). From my research for something in HIGH SCHOOL, Kuru was specifically spread through cannibalism, but prion diseases in general are sporadic. While I didn't look deeply into Kuru, I did notice a few things. Different prion diseases in humans are named/categorized by small changes in spread and symptoms.
Fatal insomnia causes you to be unable to sleep on top of everything else, and while I didn't see Kuru's symptoms, I wouldn't be surprised if it had nearly exactly the same symptoms as most other human prion diseases, but was identified as something different because of the unique circumstances that caused it to spread (cannibalism still occurring in Papua).
He even got the idea of prions being completely indestructible wrong, unless every single other source I've seen (including some really reputable ones such as the CDC) is wrong, which say that they can be destroyed (or at least heavily neutralized) by extremely high temperatures. So while he was right about cooking not being enough, being completely unable to get rid of existing prions is just incorrect.
Please add scales to graphs. They are meaningless without them.
🤓🤓🤓
Whoever threw that traffic cone at the cops is a beast. They're heavy as hell!
Reusing infected beef as feed is stupid.
And this also shows that if people were to be seriously be pissed off by the government they could just overthrow said government
Thank you for uploading this video I have been having such a a horrible week (not a basic bad week a downright traumatizing week) and it made me so happy to see you upload
I hope you are ok
@@thebeigesheep6132 I wish you nothing but love and happiness
@@Unbeatablejay having a hard time too. I'm trying. Hope things get better for u this week
I hope next week is even more memorable than your last one!
Creu- in "Creutzfeldt" is pronounced like "croy", rhyming with soy, boy and Roy.
“soy, boy” xd
Croit’s felt?
@@sevenmillionhobbies7840Correct
And Jakob is pronounced with a Y.
Yakob.
I remember giving blood here in the US in '96, and them asking me on a questionnaire if I'd been in the UK any time in the last 10 years
“Help, I’ve folded and can’t unfold!”
These vids never seem to disappoint. Great job.
at the start of the video you said that CJD increases the amount of prions being created. Does that mean everyone has prions? and if yes, how do our bodys stop it from killing us, and why does this protection mechanism not work with vCJD?
Asking anyone who reads this btw, im very interested in such topics
Just as all people do not get cancer not all will get folded prions or perhaps already have other prions that keep the deadly prions at bay acting like venom/anti venom
The people were angry that the government didn’t - do enough? They wanted public health protections? Boy times have changed. “But what about the freedom to get sick? I’ll never wear a mask!” 😂
Thanks for another video! I always look forward to them. They're really calming and interesting!
I think this might explain why Otto Warmbier died after being sent back from North Korea. He might have been fed prions which negatively impacted his healthy state, hence probably why the North Koreans stated that Otto had botulism. Besides the American student was in North Korea for a good 17 months, that's more than enough time for prions to become fatal.
(He also had scans done of his brain, which had severe neurological injury and defective cells, which makes the so-called "botulism" seem credible to have prions)
The thing from Plague Inc?
yeah definitely from plague inc
The prions from Plague Inc are so OP they turned into a real thing
TypeAI scares me more than any prion.
Lets go, it's a Dark Science upload on a Friday.
🔥🔥
I was just reading about TSEs and Kuru. Thanks for the video!
I just heard this guy tell me that hydrogen bonds are strong...... my man do you know what a covalent bond IS?
Why are they feeding protein to grass feeders! Their systems are not made for processing meat!
по моему это из симпсонов когда клоун Красти вызвал зомби вспышку когда кормил коров коровами и сделал бургеры
I will always eat meat and I love science but prions truly are one of the most terrifying things I've ever learned about.. To learn just misfolded proteins can cause a run away effect with in your body in a very hidden manner.. You might not know for years after being exposed.. It's the trippiest thing ever and I wish we had ways to not only treat this stuff but also treat or prevent dementia.. My grandma a few years ago succumbed to a rare form of very aggressive fast on set type of dementia.. It made me so motivated to want to help learn and study how to understand and evolve our grasp of dementia..
This video is absolutely amazing, I never quite understood the Mad Cow disease, knew it had to do with caninbalism, but your explanation is just incredible! thank you and congratulations!!!
There are 3 things I fear in this world.
1. MY WIFE.
2. Prions
3. Rabies.
4. MY WIFE with the former 2 entries.
There seems to be a common dinominator here
God
Cancer, ALS, Parkinson's, Alzheimer's...
Rabies!!!
if you're _afraid_ of your wife, i've got bad news for you
This video ignores the true origin of BSE. That prions are formed by accident in human beings or in cattle can happen but is super rare. Yet it happens way more often in sheep, where the illness they cause is known as "scrapie". In sheep this illness is known since 1732. And the most probably cause of BSE was, that sheep parts were also processed into cattle food. That sheep are more prone to forming prions has genetic reasons and may be a cause of breeding performed by human beings. Which is enforced by the fact that some sheep species are more prone to it than others and those more prone are those that did undergo more breeding by human beings. So that's how BSE started and only from there it was cattle to cattle transmission by processing cattle remains as cattle food.
Commentary: Thank you for providing me with an extensive coverage of this subject.
Observation: You claim you use AI to improve your writing.
8:29 “Public outrage rose to anger.”
Maybe you shouldn’t.
I remember when this was going on when I was a kid, it was terrifying.
same
Why would you fed cow another cow in first place wtf?
To save money of course!
Wow I never knew before today that cows were involuntary cannibals
Yeah i think if the cattle industry was a bit more coniderate (like why tf would they let cows eat beef) maybe prions would affect humans less
Not a matter of "letting" cattle eat cattle. They blended bone and meat meal into rations fed to feed lot cattle. They thought it was a shortcut to get cattle to market weight faster, providing protein directly, rather than the animal have to make it from ingredients in plants.
Another banger video! 💯
bruh why would you feed cow to cow
Can you make a video of refined sugar or artificial sweeteners, or even better maybe compare them both?
Great work on these videos
Moral of the story: don’t feed animals food made from their own species 😭
Conservative governments and downplaying a spiraling disaster; name a more iconic duo.
The way you pronounced "bison" just gave away what part of the U.S. you are from. haha
My partner is from NY state and:
- Bison
- Documentary
- Elementary
are the words that drives me nuts how he pronounces them. I guess some are super regional to Western NY.
I love this channel SO much. Please keep making more content like this! 🤘
IV products in the UK are still subject to BSE screenings
8:55 I almost thought that this was Dan cooper , although he looks very similar. But he is Paul Keating prime minister of Australia
This is the video I deeply requested since I found this channel. Thank you
I was excited for you to talk about prions
the timeline shows this basically peaked when my mother was pregnant with me (1995-1996) im blessed we weren’t affected
Best science channel on the Platform Period
Babe, wake up! Dark Science posted new video!
Ah yes my homeland, Schotland XD
I bet during that time, we had prion non-believers that would claim that the Government should not he controlling what people can and cannot eat.
I remember this Mad Cow Disease threat. 😨
Where was the background music?
No insult but prions are like "I'll try spinning that's a good trick"
amazing videeo as always
8:56 Image of 90's Australian Prime Minister Paul Keating... completely unrelated to the topic but ok.
This reminds me of this one Simpsons episode
Do they take 2 weeks to mutate like plague inc?
The steaks have never been higher
me as a person in the caretaker fan project community resisting the urge to say "vCJD":
Putting your 4-year-old daughter's life in jeopardy for a political stunt. 👍
Its CJD in humans, BSE affects cows. Creutzfeld Jakcob Disease. Am sure Ive spelt that wrong but that's how its pronounced
Lions mane, it grows new brain cells.
i just got home from school and i was teaching them about prions like every other week and i get home and find this?? HOLY BLACKFLIPPING DUCKS THAT CAN BREATHE FIRE, MY INTEREST HAS BEEN SATISFIED-
Add to this that prions can't be easily destroyed. They remain in soil and can contaminate produce.
You should do a video on Diphenhydramine (DPH), i just feel itd be interesting
0:43 that’s a strange spelling of Scotland.
"Schotland" _💀_
Quite a German one. We call it "Schottland".
Blood and brain diseases in cannblism in chimp and humans. Also scary
Prion to protein: wululu
after all these years i understand mad cows disease and why i shouldnt eat other people.
It’s not the only reason to not eat other people
Such a great video
Hehe. “Sussex”5:58
Edit: one of my favorite diseases. So fascinating
7:58 insufficient evidence... sounds familiar..
Weird to think i could have ended up with prions when i was a toddler if my mother wasn't careful.
12 sec ago is crazy