Hey Scientists! Im about to hit 2 MILLION subscribers :D Im going to make a special compilation video to celebrate :) But I need your help! Send me a short video of something you built, or an experiment you tried along with your name or channel to Chemicalkevy@gmail.com. It doesn't have to be a dangerous, or crazy, Ill try my best to include them all! Also I will answer any questions or requests you have in the video, Ask them below!
This has been my exact theory for why molten salt explodes in water as I've mentioned before on your previous videos. It's extremely polar and at those high temperatures especially it can distribute it's energy into the water quickly thanks to rapid dissolvation.
In this case, i think the reaction is the other way around. The water is quickly distributing the heat into the Difluoroethane, causing it to rapidly expand, instead of the other way around.
Dissolution, I think. Same root following a different language pathway I'd bet. Sorry for being a pedant; your videos and knowledge are fantastic and impressive!
+NightHawkInLight somebody else ~'because water is more polar it might be attracting the molecules away from each other'. It's an interesting theory but I wish I knew more that was possible.
Singling out the polar aspect could help give the idea more credence. Maybe try dumping Diflouroethane into molten salt? The idea makes me a bit queazy though, sounds like a bad idea :P
@@lamamemes That can’t be... it’s too blue ! Wait... blue is sometimes the colour of solvated electrons. HMMMMMM What if all of those are some kind of coulombic explosions ?
I think you should make a bomb in a plastic ball with both computer duster and water, but inside the ball they are separated by a thin layer of plastic, so when it hits something hard the plastic in between breaks and the ball explodes!
My guess would be that the fluorine is bonding with the oxygen in the water, displacing the hydrogen and causing it to expand violently, thus giving the explosion and explaining why neither liquid nitrogen or butane worked
Ziming Wang The theory is that the fluorine atoms from the difluoroethane replaces the hydrogen atoms from the water. This creates unstable compounds which then spontaneously turn into a gas
It might be that the attraction of the dipoles overcomes the leidenfrost effect allowing for more heat to be stolen from the water and into the diflouro ethane, therefore causing an explosive vaporization. With the molten salt the compound is ionic so the salt would be attracted to the water, and the heat would instead go from the salt into the water, again causing an explosive vaporization. I may be wrong but just my thoughts
You should explain the science behind your experiments more often, sometimes it can seem boring putting it out there but I think I can speak for a lot of people saying that the science is absolutely fascinating and leaves the watcher with a better understanding. I love your videos!!! (and duffy is the cutest lil pup)
0:24 Fun fact, dogs tilt their head when they're confused obviously but they do it to read our body language better. They often do it so they can look better at your mouth for things like if your teeth are bared, and also sense we show a lot with our eyebrows
Could the explosion happen because the computer duster is denser than water when its a liquid then when it turns to gas its underneath the water but creates a expanding gas pocket then boom explosion.
Little late to the party, but I have a theory here: The reaction taking place might be an SN2 reaction, where one or probably both of the fluorine atoms leave the difluoroethane, to be replaced by H2O, forming ethanediol, and some fluorine ions, which may enter a violent reaction with the water, causing the explosion, ór the SN2 reaction itself is violent (which I highly doubt).
Superbassio No. For an SN2 to happen you would need a strong nucleophile, water just isn't one. Fluorine also makes very strong bonds, which makes it a very poor leaving group.
It makes sense that it only explodes in polar liquids. If 1,1-difluoroethane is extremely polar, is it more polar than water? I bet not. Water is VERY polar. This would mean that the intermolecular bonds would be easily broken by water, almost instantly turning the liquid into a gas. This is basically just magnets at an atomic level changing a phase quickly.
Welding supply shops will sell it, or know where you can buy it. If you live in the USA, look for a store called 'AirGas'. You will need to find a dewar, those are around $150 on Craigslist if your lucky. Liquid nitrogen costs $4 per liter or $16 per gallon.
That's a very amusing way to user difluoroethane (also known as HFC-152A or R152A)! I use it extensively as a refrigerant in antique refrigerators and auto air conditioners as an R12 Freon replacement. When used in a certain model of flooded-evaporator refrigerators, there is a liquid volume of almost a liter, boiling at low pressure (roughly 10 PSIG). It has a layer of oil floating on top of it, and the boiling sometimes happens with a pop or thump sound. It's contained within the metal parts of the machine, so there is no external explosion. But there is a thump inside the evaporator. It happens seemingly randomly, but often right after the compressor starts up and begins lowering the pressure in the evaporator.
taking organic chemistry just the past few months, my best hypothesis for why the explosion happens lies down the road of a replacement reaction between the water and fluorine, or even something more complex. it's possible a fluorine gets ripped off violently, along with a hydrogen, creating a hydrogen bond between 1 hydrogen and 1 fluorine, keeping the water, and turning the 1,1-difloroethane into 1-floroethene. this usually happens with ionic compunds, but hydrogen bonding has the force to do this as well. if it's not that though, then it is a standard replacement, sketching 1 fluorine for 1 hydrogen, turning it into 1-floroethane and the water into HFO, which doesn't feature a new hydrogen bond, but still features fluorine switching, which is always violent.
I have an idea. Maybe the density plays a big role. Liquid Nitrogen and Butane are lighter than the water, both in liquid state. But the flourcarbohydrate is more dense and therefore falls "through" the water when poured on top of it. Heating up in the process of falling, it vapourizes and creates a huge volume, shockwave and explosion. Oil on the other hand is heavier than the FCH, so it will stay on top and vapourize harmlessly. Greez from Germany
I'm a simple, but overly complicated person. I see explosion and I click the video wondering. Also I wonder, how does he get all of his supplies, why is there only 1,721,828 views on this. And then I'm also always finally reminded.... The reason why no one has called the police, fire department, or any other emergency services are because he, is himself. They have had to live with him for a while and live with fires, bright lights, and explosions more than once. On another note, has anyone called emergency services about hearing supposed gun shots and explosions?
I think what's going on is the duster liquid is denser than water so it sinks, the duster than quickly boils pushing the water up. The water creating steam I'm sure contributes to the total explosive power. The reason why it didn't work with the oil is once again due to density, the oil is more dense so the liquid duster can't sink causing an explosion.
I think the explosion is caused basically like this the difloral ethane tries to take the oxygen molecules from the H2O but because of polar molecule reactions like hydrogen bonding the molecules expand when they try to take the oxygen but then quickly run into each other because of hydrogen bonding causing a instant explosion.
I once made the mistake of pointing an ultra duster down while dusting something off under the heat lamp in my bathroom. The vapor combusted when it hit the heat lamp, but, thankfully, no damage was done. I will never do that again.
Jaime Wu yeah i think its still a physical reaction, but i think the reason that this physical reaction is able to occur is because of the polarity of water
It's a chemical reaction called nucleophillic substitution: CH3CHF2 + H2O ------> 2HF + CH3CH(OH)2 The explosion is simply caused by the large enthalpy (energy) change between the reactants and the products.
Hi, chemist here. No, there isn't likely an actual chemical reaction here. Fluorine isn't going to break its bond to Carbon without a lot more severe conditions than this. The specific heat of vaporization of DFE is super low, and it's polar. So as it turns to vapor in the hot water, it mixes easily, exponentially increasing the area of DFE exposed to a sharp temperature gradient, so boom. In the oil, there is no mixing, so a vapor barrier forms and keeps the rate of phase change pretty slow. Nitrogen and propane are both non-polar with fairly large specific heats comparatively, so no boom.
i think its because the polarity of the two molecules allows them to stay in contact for longer instead of the Leiden-frost effect taking over, so more time to transfer heat allowing more of it to evaporate at once
You are correct it has to do with compound polarity. Non-miscible fluids maintain a minimum surface area of interaction so while the heat will transfer and vaporize the compressed liquid, it is still a limited effect. Like polarity substances on the other hand will drive themselves into one another at the speed of motion (sound) within the fluid. This is why heating the water works best. The rapid movement of compressed vapor into the base fluid means maximum contact/interaction and maximum heat transfer. A similar reason to why your molten salt experiment works. It would have been interesting to see liquid nitrogen in oil, although the density difference may make it less spectacular.
1,1-difluoroethane is partially soluble in water due to similar intermolecular forces, however their boiling points still differ, which produces this effect. This is a similar mechanism to the melted salt I believe
Theory: Because diflouroethane has 2 very electronegative fluorine atoms, it pulls the electrons in the C-F bonds towards itself, making the carbon and the two hydrogen sulfide on the other side negative. If we have two molecules of DFE, the positive hydrogens will be very strongly attracted to the negative flourines, meaning that the intermolecular forces are very strong, which in turn makes DFE denser than water. Even though liquid nitrogen has a much lower boiling point that DFE, it is less dense that water, and so floats. I think that it's the density of the DFE that makes it sink, instantly vaporize and explode. It's similar to the molten salt video with the molten salt and the molten sodium that you tried. The sodium couldn't get far enough down to create a powerful explosion. Hope that gives you some ideas!
the 1-1 diflouroethane would boil much quicker in the water. it would probably float on top of the oil because the oil is nonpolar, and diflouroethane is polar, so only a small amount of it is touching the oil at one time. that means that it wouldn't heat up as fast. it is miscible with water, but it boils so fast we can't observe that. it would be suddenly in the same phase as the water, and then it would boil much quicker.
The duster creates an explosion because it is more dense than water and sinks down, thereby heating up much faster. The liquid nitrogen and butane float on top of the water. If you did this in a bottle with liquid nitrogen or butane, then turned the bottle upside down, you would experience the same reaction because the liquid nitrogen or butane would quickly gather heat and vaporize as it bubbles through the water during it's ascent.
Oh man, I went 0.25 speed and constantly paused and unpaused at 2:00 thinking that whatever was flashing on my screen was a secret. Nope, it's just water.
Fun fact, if you light the fluid that is in the air canister on fire, you can poor water on it and it actually gets bigger. USE EXTREME CAUTION AND DO NOT TRY THIS INDOORS OR NEAR FLAMMABLE OBJECTS.
I think that whereas liquid nitrogen or computer duster in oil clumps up together (lidenfrost effect) and boils slowly, the computer duster is attracted to the water and mixes with it, giving it a larger are to react with the water, which makes it react faster.
I don't feel like intermolecular forces are directly responsible. I believe its more plausible that the density of the duster is much higher than that of water which causes it to sink and due to it's low boiling point it vaporizes once it has been submerged resulting in a explosion once the bubble it creates is released. It would be very interesting if you found some other compounds that share a similar boiling point and density to that of the computer duster and see if they produce similar results. Give this comment a thumbs up if you're curious too. Intriguing video as always, keep it up!
Density: Computer duster (1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane): 1.206 g/ml Water: 1g/ml Computer duster is MORE DENSE not less dense. Here are some tips if you would like to do research before you reply. g/ml = g/cm^3 g/cm^3 = (kg/m^3)/1000 Density changes with temperature. All the measurements I have supplied were at 25°C except for liquid nitrogen which was measured at −195.79 °C.
That brought back memories. When I worked at a science museum I ended my liquid nitrogen show by dumping a liter of it into a spaghetti pot of boiling water. It didn't explode but the fog cloud reached at least ten feet high. I only got scalded once when I poured it wrong, I had a red leg for a week. I consider myself lucky, it missed my crotch only by about 3 inches.
I suspect that maybe because they are polar molecules, that the difluoromethane might be contacting the water much more and that it expands explosively because it is attracted to it, like it's mixing in the water more which causes it to completely vaporize almost instantaneously.
I think, in addition to polarity, that the Diflouroethane expands at a far quicker rate than nitrogen, but the reaction only happening with water is likely due to polarity
years and years ago when I was little, I used to mix hand sanitizer and duster fluid in waterballoons. it would freeze the sanitizer so you couldn't tell anything was in there. Then I would have my friends go and fill their balloons. it was really hillarious. It would easily fill the baloon to full volume within less than a second. Then it turned into a cool party trick as I got older.
The reason the difluoroethane exploded was because it’s liquid was more dense than the water, causing it to sink into the container. Once submerged, it basically caused your typical underwater pressurized gas’s explosion, similar to when you poured molten salt into water. The temperature difference in the water and difluoroethane caused the difluoroethane in contact with the water to flash into a glass, causing the explosion. This did not happen with liquid nitrogen or liquid butane, because they are both significantly less dense than water so they just floated on top of it. If you put liquid nitrogen into a partially full bottle of water then flip it over, you get the same explosion
Add that to the Anarchist Cookbook
+SUB. DELINQUENT somebody wants to spread my channel as "The anarchist cookbook for millennial's" haha
Right! Who reads books anymore... We've got TH-cam!
How does this only have 3 comments
@@themessenger8656 oh no, please don’t explode my macaroni and cheese water!
Hey Scientists! Im about to hit 2 MILLION subscribers :D Im going to make a special compilation video to celebrate :) But I need your help! Send me a short video of something you built, or an experiment you tried along with your name or channel to Chemicalkevy@gmail.com. It doesn't have to be a dangerous, or crazy, Ill try my best to include them all! Also I will answer any questions or requests you have in the video, Ask them below!
will do man
Deal!
Do you have any other pets and how old are you
at what age did you really get into science and crazy experiments
What do your neighbours think about all these explosions?
Him "huh,no explosion "
Goes to pick it up and it explodes
Some random guy yells "BRING IN #34"
He reappears
And that's how all of them never die
Bored to Death LMAO!!!
hi klondike
FBI OPEN UP!!!
what is #34
34th backyard scientist clone, I'd expect.
This has been my exact theory for why molten salt explodes in water as I've mentioned before on your previous videos. It's extremely polar and at those high temperatures especially it can distribute it's energy into the water quickly thanks to rapid dissolvation.
I love you
In this case, i think the reaction is the other way around. The water is quickly distributing the heat into the Difluoroethane, causing it to rapidly expand, instead of the other way around.
Dissolution, I think. Same root following a different language pathway I'd bet. Sorry for being a pedant; your videos and knowledge are fantastic and impressive!
+NightHawkInLight somebody else ~'because water is more polar it might be attracting the molecules away from each other'. It's an interesting theory but I wish I knew more that was possible.
Singling out the polar aspect could help give the idea more credence. Maybe try dumping Diflouroethane into molten salt? The idea makes me a bit queazy though, sounds like a bad idea :P
At 4:03 you can start to see part of the cloud turn blue.
particle refraction
@@lamamemes
That can’t be... it’s too blue !
Wait... blue is sometimes the colour of solvated electrons.
HMMMMMM
What if all of those are some kind of coulombic explosions ?
I hope that T-shirt model was paid in treats!
Only fair
I would hope so I mean its only fair
WHO NEEDS SHIRTS?!?!!! WE NEED THOSE SHADES
unfortunately they were stolen D:
+TheBackyardScientist do peopel steal alot at you're cause micjugger nugets, some stuff in his house got stolen
+TheBackyardScientist at you're house
yeah
shirts such all about dem shades
+TheBackyardScientist oh really? That sucks man sorry to hear that :(
Lmao his tshirt promotion is so cute 😂
We can all agree that the best part of the tshirt promotion was _dat good boye_ .
what if you drink a ton of water then drink some cumputer duster
this made me chuckle
BulbaGaming, you will loose some fat
you pee explosions
BulbaGaming you poop granates
Read the back of one it says do not ingest or get in eyes in risk of death
New method to water your plants.
watering plants with boiling water?
@@MRblazedBEANS yes
And pants.
2:36 I love how he looks so depressed and says 'no explosion'
Round of applause for Nathan!
👏👏👏
👏 👏
👏 👏
👏 👏
👏 👏
👏 👏
👏👏👏
noice
+TheBackyardScientist Hey m8 this is an experiment to see if you respond or not. Ill be waiting to record the results.
"you put it on me" lol "ok gimme treats now" LOL
0:38 that dolly zoom tho
Nice catch
POUR IT IN THE POOL LIKE IF U AGREE
It must be heated....
oh yeah
wow im dumb
+Hazen Stribling pour it into a hot tub 👍
thank you!
A big jacuzzi filled with douchebags!
And hot water...
probably should use a face shield, that is quite an explosion
It's his life don't tell him how to live it
that was just a suggestion. I'm not telling him how to live.
+Slimeball1969 XD TRIGGERED
bandwagon memer
It's just a video, you will be fine.
I have a feeling it might be the same reason the molten salt exploded as well.
Agreed
Mitch Burns that's what I was thinking
@Paradux Lab agree with Paradux Lab
shameless marketing 0:19
I only need to sell 7.5 million shirts to buy a fighter jet
+TheBackyardScientist Add a few million for the fuel... And missiles...
+TheBackyardScientist finally, a useful use for money.
+TheBackyardScientist Why do you need a fighter jet?
So i could pour molten aluminum on it duh! With all the ad money I make from that video i could buy TWO jets!
I think you should make a bomb in a plastic ball with both computer duster and water, but inside the ball they are separated by a thin layer of plastic, so when it hits something hard the plastic in between breaks and the ball explodes!
My guess would be that the fluorine is bonding with the oxygen in the water, displacing the hydrogen and causing it to expand violently, thus giving the explosion and explaining why neither liquid nitrogen or butane worked
Ziming Wang The theory is that the fluorine atoms from the difluoroethane replaces the hydrogen atoms from the water. This creates unstable compounds which then spontaneously turn into a gas
0:41 first aid eyes: wash with water
It might be that the attraction of the dipoles overcomes the leidenfrost effect allowing for more heat to be stolen from the water and into the diflouro ethane, therefore causing an explosive vaporization. With the molten salt the compound is ionic so the salt would be attracted to the water, and the heat would instead go from the salt into the water, again causing an explosive vaporization. I may be wrong but just my thoughts
You should explain the science behind your experiments more often, sometimes it can seem boring putting it out there but I think I can speak for a lot of people saying that the science is absolutely fascinating and leaves the watcher with a better understanding.
I love your videos!!! (and duffy is the cutest lil pup)
1:38 when they ask you how you are and you got to say you're fine when you're not really fine
The good old days of the backyard scientist, where we mixed stuff together just to see what exploded
I dont think it's gonna explode
Lol yep
Dante Entrouvich why?
Mommy didn't love him enough. Sniffle, sniffle.
0:24 Fun fact, dogs tilt their head when they're confused obviously but they do it to read our body language better. They often do it so they can look better at your mouth for things like if your teeth are bared, and also sense we show a lot with our eyebrows
so what happens if you spay duster underwater?
Good question
Idk but blue lives don't matter
@@WayToMars64 shouldn't we aim for a society where all lives matter?
@@WayToMars64 you a criminal?
@@WayToMars64 your life doesn't matter
Could the explosion happen because the computer duster is denser than water when its a liquid then when it turns to gas its underneath the water but creates a expanding gas pocket then boom explosion.
I think the N2 liquid disproves that.
oil test disproves that
@@svossler7 maybe oil is too dense/heavy and it doesn't allow to form a big air pocket
The nitrigen is lighter than water. The oil is lighter than water also, so if the duster is denser than water then it is also denser than the oil.
i think viscocity also matters in some situations
sorry for my bad English
1:41 Leidenfrost effect on the table!
Little late to the party, but I have a theory here:
The reaction taking place might be an SN2 reaction, where one or probably both of the fluorine atoms leave the difluoroethane, to be replaced by H2O, forming ethanediol, and some fluorine ions, which may enter a violent reaction with the water, causing the explosion, ór the SN2 reaction itself is violent (which I highly doubt).
I am impressed
Superbassio I'm pretty sure that the high electronegativity of the fluoride ions is the main cause as it also gives them a lot of reactivity..
Superbassio No.
For an SN2 to happen you would need a strong nucleophile, water just isn't one.
Fluorine also makes very strong bonds, which makes it a very poor leaving group.
It looks more like an Elimination reaction
It makes sense that it only explodes in polar liquids.
If 1,1-difluoroethane is extremely polar, is it more polar than water? I bet not. Water is VERY polar.
This would mean that the intermolecular bonds would be easily broken by water, almost instantly turning the liquid into a gas.
This is basically just magnets at an atomic level changing a phase quickly.
+Theodore Bear oh that's good!
+TheBackyardScientist can you try the dragons fire types from how to train you're dragon starting with the deadly nadders magnesium flam
Can you try another polar liquid to test this?
Batfan1939
Also, it would have to be more polar than water, or at least more polar than the duster gas. I've long forgotten how to calculate that
Is this why molten salt explodes when poured in to water?
0:17 SHAMELESS SELF ADVERTISEMENT BREAK (don't worry I understand)
Now when you added the water to the transparent container I understood what causes the explosion. I think it's because you added that chemical to it!
What would happen if you put molten aluminum,Into a thick liquid such as yogurt,or a smoothie
He did it with oobleck I believe (oobleck is a non-Newtonian fluid)
dick liquid*
pls dont be mad im having a bad day :(
There are entire channels devoted to pouring metals such as molten aluminum onto everyday objects.
1) Is the Duster chemical hydrophilic?
2) Is it heavier than water?
3) This reminds me of the Molten Salt + Water Experiment
Duster has pretty low boiling point, adding it to boiling water, rapid temperature fluctuation doesnt help
I think it will explode
I was wrong
Tai Mao liar
Maarten van den Beld I know such a liar
Maarten van den Beld BTW did you comment on what liquid nitrogen was gonna do like he told us or just respond randomly to comments out of context.
it would explode if he poured hot water into liquid nitrogen not otherwise
NOTIFICATION SQUAD?!
;)
Yes?
yeeeeee
Here
Hey Hey Hey!
I know this is hella old, but I really appreciate your honesty about what you do and don't understand. It's refreshing
i got to get one of this shirts
+Hunter Rowlette really? Awesome! I only need to sell 7.5 million more to get a fighter jet :p
+TheBackyardScientist go to pewdiepies comments and you'll sell 7.2 mil
+Shocked Entertainment Gaming / Guitar & More now if I only I could get PewDiePie to wear a shirt…
+TheBackyardScientist :( good Luck mate! lol
+TheBackyardScientist ok have you seen how to train you're dragon? if you have can you try the dragons fire types from dragonpidia
I was just wondering, how do you get your liquid nitrogen?
Welding supply shops will sell it, or know where you can buy it. If you live in the USA, look for a store called 'AirGas'. You will need to find a dewar, those are around $150 on Craigslist if your lucky. Liquid nitrogen costs $4 per liter or $16 per gallon.
oh man that is expensive :p but thanks for the help!
Lol you would be better off purchasing 4 litres than a gallon. ^^
1 gallon = 3.785 litres
Puzitsa you can get dry ice from kroger
1:40 , wanna see a magic trick?here, I'm gonna make this bowl disappear
You really need to make a collab with Slow Mo Guys
Hydraulic Press Channel
I love science experiments
That's a very amusing way to user difluoroethane (also known as HFC-152A or R152A)! I use it extensively as a refrigerant in antique refrigerators and auto air conditioners as an R12 Freon replacement. When used in a certain model of flooded-evaporator refrigerators, there is a liquid volume of almost a liter, boiling at low pressure (roughly 10 PSIG). It has a layer of oil floating on top of it, and the boiling sometimes happens with a pop or thump sound. It's contained within the metal parts of the machine, so there is no external explosion. But there is a thump inside the evaporator. It happens seemingly randomly, but often right after the compressor starts up and begins lowering the pressure in the evaporator.
Number of computer duster bottles used in this video - OVER 9000!!
My mom told me to always make sure water is far away from computers
Cus you should.
Lel minecraft memes
I wish my dogger was that calm and cool. that's a certified good boy right there.
Imagine if he poured it into the ocean I can see it being scary
Korean Sisters Wouldn't be boiling water.
Kyle Hurling still i think a few fish might die
Korean sisters Look at 4:15-4:20. It isn't about the temparture
The entire thing wouldn't explode and salt would make difference
Salt water or NaH2O is also non polar. Same as the oil or nitrogen.
I think it would be very interesting to see if the duster coming up from the bottom would make an explosion instead of being poured from the top
taking organic chemistry just the past few months, my best hypothesis for why the explosion happens lies down the road of a replacement reaction between the water and fluorine, or even something more complex. it's possible a fluorine gets ripped off violently, along with a hydrogen, creating a hydrogen bond between 1 hydrogen and 1 fluorine, keeping the water, and turning the 1,1-difloroethane into 1-floroethene. this usually happens with ionic compunds, but hydrogen bonding has the force to do this as well. if it's not that though, then it is a standard replacement, sketching 1 fluorine for 1 hydrogen, turning it into 1-floroethane and the water into HFO, which doesn't feature a new hydrogen bond, but still features fluorine switching, which is always violent.
I think it only works in heated water, i was dicking around the other day with computer duster and water, and nothing happened
Luckily
+Leaker98 and on that day, leaker 98 had unfortunately died.
+Samuel Spencer This is why you don't make explosives.
Honda Civic I loooooove explosions!
2:23 I think the liquid nitrogen will explode.
I was wrong
;-;
I was expecting it to as well. I'm surprised.
same
2:36 i think the liquid nitrogen will explode
I have an idea.
Maybe the density plays a big role. Liquid Nitrogen and Butane are lighter than the water, both in liquid state. But the flourcarbohydrate is more dense and therefore falls "through" the water when poured on top of it. Heating up in the process of falling, it vapourizes and creates a huge volume, shockwave and explosion.
Oil on the other hand is heavier than the FCH, so it will stay on top and vapourize harmlessly.
Greez from Germany
I'm a simple, but overly complicated person. I see explosion and I click the video wondering. Also I wonder, how does he get all of his supplies, why is there only 1,721,828 views on this. And then I'm also always finally reminded.... The reason why no one has called the police, fire department, or any other emergency services are because he, is himself. They have had to live with him for a while and live with fires, bright lights, and explosions more than once. On another note, has anyone called emergency services about hearing supposed gun shots and explosions?
Be my friend now
0:22 where did you get that tshirt?!?
you put it on me..
I think what's going on is the duster liquid is denser than water so it sinks, the duster than quickly boils pushing the water up. The water creating steam I'm sure contributes to the total explosive power.
The reason why it didn't work with the oil is once again due to density, the oil is more dense so the liquid duster can't sink causing an explosion.
I don't think your theory is correct. If you watch, you can see the duster liquid sink in the oil.
@@ronrothrock7116 yeah you're right, guess I should've double checked the video before opening my mouth lol.
I think it will explode. I hope it does.
Lol nope.
sad but true
YOU KNOW IT'S SAD BUT TRUUUUEEEE
- Metallica
BYS for the stands for the backyard scientist
I think the explosion is caused basically like this the difloral ethane tries to take the oxygen molecules from the H2O but because of polar molecule reactions like hydrogen bonding the molecules expand when they try to take the oxygen but then quickly run into each other because of hydrogen bonding causing a instant explosion.
try the thing you was doing in the pool
*House burns down*
your probly my favrotie science youtuber
It's because The difluoroethane creates a carbanion when put into the protic water solvent it rips it apart
Eh?
carbanion? carbon ion? what?
How would it make a carbanion? Water isn't basic enough to pull off a hydrogen from difluoroethane
Your hair is getting longer it seems lol
yeah about time for a cut!
Yeah. I feel you on that. My hair is getting long too
I once made the mistake of pointing an ultra duster down while dusting something off under the heat lamp in my bathroom. The vapor combusted when it hit the heat lamp, but, thankfully, no damage was done. I will never do that again.
does anyone know the exact reason why it explodes?
... did you WATCH the rest of the video? it is NOT purely temperature, my guess is that its density based however it could be chemical as suggested.
+tinnerz58 probably has more to do with polarity and other properties unique to water
Exkaliber yeah thats what i was thinking. He did add it to oil, and oil is non polar right? So maybe its something to do with polarity
Jaime Wu yeah i think its still a physical reaction, but i think the reason that this physical reaction is able to occur is because of the polarity of water
It's a chemical reaction called nucleophillic substitution:
CH3CHF2 + H2O ------> 2HF + CH3CH(OH)2
The explosion is simply caused by the large enthalpy (energy) change between the reactants and the products.
This guy needs a fidget spinner
Bro Matix no
Hi, chemist here. No, there isn't likely an actual chemical reaction here. Fluorine isn't going to break its bond to Carbon without a lot more severe conditions than this. The specific heat of vaporization of DFE is super low, and it's polar. So as it turns to vapor in the hot water, it mixes easily, exponentially increasing the area of DFE exposed to a sharp temperature gradient, so boom. In the oil, there is no mixing, so a vapor barrier forms and keeps the rate of phase change pretty slow. Nitrogen and propane are both non-polar with fairly large specific heats comparatively, so no boom.
No explosion
Yay I was right! That's why it's edited
all will go boom
i think its because the polarity of the two molecules allows them to stay in contact for longer instead of the Leiden-frost effect taking over, so more time to transfer heat allowing more of it to evaporate at once
The air duster that you used is actually extremely flammable!
1:38 I dropped my iPad down the back of my couch just as he said “ahh tpu
that clear pot just ninja smoke bombed away :)
You are correct it has to do with compound polarity. Non-miscible fluids maintain a minimum surface area of interaction so while the heat will transfer and vaporize the compressed liquid, it is still a limited effect. Like polarity substances on the other hand will drive themselves into one another at the speed of motion (sound) within the fluid. This is why heating the water works best. The rapid movement of compressed vapor into the base fluid means maximum contact/interaction and maximum heat transfer. A similar reason to why your molten salt experiment works. It would have been interesting to see liquid nitrogen in oil, although the density difference may make it less spectacular.
Backyard scientist + science = BOOM
1,1-difluoroethane is partially soluble in water due to similar intermolecular forces, however their boiling points still differ, which produces this effect. This is a similar mechanism to the melted salt I believe
Theory: Because diflouroethane has 2 very electronegative fluorine atoms, it pulls the electrons in the C-F bonds towards itself, making the carbon and the two hydrogen sulfide on the other side negative. If we have two molecules of DFE, the positive hydrogens will be very strongly attracted to the negative flourines, meaning that the intermolecular forces are very strong, which in turn makes DFE denser than water. Even though liquid nitrogen has a much lower boiling point that DFE, it is less dense that water, and so floats. I think that it's the density of the DFE that makes it sink, instantly vaporize and explode. It's similar to the molten salt video with the molten salt and the molten sodium that you tried. The sodium couldn't get far enough down to create a powerful explosion.
Hope that gives you some ideas!
the 1-1 diflouroethane would boil much quicker in the water. it would probably float on top of the oil because the oil is nonpolar, and diflouroethane is polar, so only a small amount of it is touching the oil at one time. that means that it wouldn't heat up as fast. it is miscible with water, but it boils so fast we can't observe that. it would be suddenly in the same phase as the water, and then it would boil much quicker.
The duster creates an explosion because it is more dense than water and sinks down, thereby heating up much faster. The liquid nitrogen and butane float on top of the water. If you did this in a bottle with liquid nitrogen or butane, then turned the bottle upside down, you would experience the same reaction because the liquid nitrogen or butane would quickly gather heat and vaporize as it bubbles through the water during it's ascent.
This was made on my birthday! That's awesome.
Oh man, I went 0.25 speed and constantly paused and unpaused at 2:00 thinking that whatever was flashing on my screen was a secret. Nope, it's just water.
I had a feeling polarity played a part, would love to see this in an organic acid or alcohol to see it's polar affects.
Fun fact, if you light the fluid that is in the air canister on fire, you can poor water on it and it actually gets bigger. USE EXTREME CAUTION AND DO NOT TRY THIS INDOORS OR NEAR FLAMMABLE OBJECTS.
I think that whereas liquid nitrogen or computer duster in oil clumps up together (lidenfrost effect) and boils slowly, the computer duster is attracted to the water and mixes with it, giving it a larger are to react with the water, which makes it react faster.
I don't feel like intermolecular forces are directly responsible. I believe its more plausible that the density of the duster is much higher than that of water which causes it to sink and due to it's low boiling point it vaporizes once it has been submerged resulting in a explosion once the bubble it creates is released.
It would be very interesting if you found some other compounds that share a similar boiling point and density to that of the computer duster and see if they produce similar results.
Give this comment a thumbs up if you're curious too. Intriguing video as always, keep it up!
the same thing should happen with liquid N2 and oil if your theory is correct
Density:
Computer duster (1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane): 1.206 g/ml
Water: 1g/ml
Computer duster is MORE DENSE not less dense.
Here are some tips if you would like to do research before you reply.
g/ml = g/cm^3
g/cm^3 = (kg/m^3)/1000
Density changes with temperature. All the measurements I have supplied were at 25°C except for liquid nitrogen which was measured at −195.79 °C.
me: * watches this even though i don't understand anything*
also me: *I LIKE YOUR FUNNY WORDS MAGIC MAN*
That brought back memories. When I worked at a science museum I ended my liquid nitrogen show by dumping a liter of it into a spaghetti pot of boiling water. It didn't explode but the fog cloud reached at least ten feet high. I only got scalded once when I poured it wrong, I had a red leg for a week. I consider myself lucky, it missed my crotch only by about 3 inches.
I suspect that maybe because they are polar molecules, that the difluoromethane might be contacting the water much more and that it expands explosively because it is attracted to it, like it's mixing in the water more which causes it to completely vaporize almost instantaneously.
I think, in addition to polarity, that the Diflouroethane expands at a far quicker rate than nitrogen, but the reaction only happening with water is likely due to polarity
I learn more with your videos than in my chemistry class
years and years ago when I was little, I used to mix hand sanitizer and duster fluid in waterballoons.
it would freeze the sanitizer so you couldn't tell anything was in there. Then I would have my friends go and fill their balloons. it was really hillarious.
It would easily fill the baloon to full volume within less than a second.
Then it turned into a cool party trick as I got older.
Then you realized you can huff both duster and hand sanitizer and had a real party! 😂
rest in peace backyard guy
I love this channel.
Thx for the speech at the end I learned something from that
That was great! I had a friend just prove me wrong and it was awesome!
1:40:cup is there
1:42:cup is gone
The reason the difluoroethane exploded was because it’s liquid was more dense than the water, causing it to sink into the container. Once submerged, it basically caused your typical underwater pressurized gas’s explosion, similar to when you poured molten salt into water. The temperature difference in the water and difluoroethane caused the difluoroethane in contact with the water to flash into a glass, causing the explosion. This did not happen with liquid nitrogen or liquid butane, because they are both significantly less dense than water so they just floated on top of it. If you put liquid nitrogen into a partially full bottle of water then flip it over, you get the same explosion
I don't understand the science. I just come here for the explosions!! Good work tho!!
*stares at computer can duster under desk* ... mmmmmnnnnaaaaah. I'd better not. For my sanity.