Berry has the 3 elements that make a wonderful teacher: 1. He knows his subject 2. He can communicate his understanding in an effective way 3. He actually cares that his students learn I had a lot of teachers like him when I went to JC years ago. Now, there are far too few like him. Thank you Berry!
I've been in the IT field over 17years. Studied and abandoned Systems engineering. And worked for companys and junior sysadmin for years. And it's the first time I've learned why some networks starts with 10, 172.16, and 192. THANK YOU!!
sir, you explained this beautifully, after listening to multiple 3 hr lectures from my instructor I couldn't follow along, but you made me understand this so well in your 12 minute video and ive lost 6 hours trying to understand. Thank you so much lol
The historical context you provided helps remember the "why" and not just the "what". Thanks for the great video series, I've learned a lot from you in such a short amount of time.
Thank you Berry Smith!!! You are the greatest teacher ever, your explanations are second to non, too class man ... Started my job as a Junior IP Engineer 2 months ago and your videos helps me a lot..
Very clearly explained. You have a knack for simplifying technical information and explaining the reasons why and how things work. A good teacher can do this and help others learn by sharing knowledge. Not evryone can do this as well as people like you do. Well done and keep up the good work! :)
Your History Lessons make this stuff relative to the subject. It honestly helps with learning the content. Thank you again Mr. Smith, You Are The MAN!!!
Thank for the video, Berry! Very well explained. And as someone who isn't that IT/tech savvy, giving analogies (like the phone number one) was a great way to explain.
Great way to break it down...watched numerous videos about subnetting but nothing yet about why. Just as you mentioned at the beginning of this video. Awesome approach! Thanks!
Thank you so much for these videos. They are SUPER helpful. I have a question though. In your example, 192.168.1.1, we know that is a class C IP. In that case, we know the network Id (first 3 octets) and the node Id (last octet). Why is the subnet mask required? What information can it give me?
Excellent, excellent question! I'll give you two very good reasons (among many others) as to why you still need the subnet mask. First, your reasoning as to why a subnet mask is needed comes from common sense human thinking. You know it's a class C, you know what octets are network and which are node but you must begin to think like a router does! A router can't simply look at the IP and figure out what's what. A router uses the subnet mask as a filter (which is really what a subnet mask is, a filter) to tell it which parts are network and which parts are node. Without that subnet mask the router would not be able to process the data/packet! The second reason to always have a subnet mask is because of subnetting. Because a subnet mask is a filter and that filter specifies network and node IDs, a subnet mask is crucial with a subnetted network. For instance, if I told you your IP address was 192.168.1.1 but didn't give the subnet mask that goes with it, you could have all sorts of communication trouble. With that IP address and a standard class C subnet mask (255.255.255.0) you will have a network ID of 192.168.1.0 and a broadcast ID of 192.168.1.255. However, if your IP was 192.168.1.1 but your subnet mask was subnetted into 255.255.255.240 then your network ID would be 192.168.1.0 (like before) but your broadcast ID would be 192.168.1.15 (big difference). You see, the subnet mask tells network devices (especially routers) all about that IP address, who it can talk to locally (same LAN), what its network ID is, what its broadcast ID is, and how many other IPs are available on that network! It's a vital piece of the puzzle even if the puzzle is an easy one with only standard class A, B, or C addresses to play with. I hope this makes sense and helps. Thanks again for the awesome question!!
These really has been super helpful. Thank you. I wonder if you have any courses on udemy or pluralsight? Would love to get a deeper dive on networking and security through you. You explain things really well.
So application that ran on Private IPs we can called it Intranet apps. Whilst the application that ran on Public IPs and have the Web Server that is accessible from Internet, we can called it Internet apps.
Good explanation 😀 I have a doubt ,In our home we connect multiple devices to router ,these devices get public or private ip?and on what basis the router sends the data to devices ,on basis of private ip or Mac address
This is truly an excellent question! Why they selected these exact ranges, I honestly couldn't tell you. My best guess is that these ranges were available and not yet owned by anyone so they used them. What I do know is that these private ranges came about with RFC 1918 as a way to prolong the IPv4 address space. The Internet exploded in popularity in the early 90s and it was quickly realized that we would run out of available IPs within a few years (mid 90s). RFC 1918 brought about private IP ranges as well as Network Address Translation (NAT) which instantly gave IPv4 a whole new life. I also know that they set aside a range in each class A, B, and C to give complete choice to any company/entity for their IP requirements. Large companies could use class A and smaller companies could use class C, or they could use whatever fit their needs. These addresses could also be subnetted giving even more choice and customization for their needs. Why they used these exact numbers is a fantastic question and one I'll continue to research. You've very much piqued my interest and now I'd like to know.
Thanks for the lesson. Can you please confirm if the IP address and subnet masking can be from different location? For example, if I am logging in or accessing a site from New York but it is showing as LA due to subnet masking. Is this possible? If yes, can you please explain the algorithm behind it
Thanks for the explanation. I have question . We do not basically change the network part of Ip and will remains the same . Then how come this ranges from 172.16 to 162.31 ?basically we have 2 network part which will not change since this is being class B .
Thanks so much for the excellent question! So there are two main things that we need to understand to answer your question. First, the 172.16 to 172.31 range itself was set aside for private use by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) in 1996 (Look up RFC 1918 for full information). This basically means that any IP between those two numbers are free to use in any way you'd like. Second, remember that the network part of the IP (the network ID) signifies/identifies what network you're in. The network you're in never changes UNLESS you physically move to a different network. To explain better, think of your phone number. The first part of your phone number (the area code, assuming you're in the US) signifies what area of the country the phone came from. Other people with phones originating from that same area will have the same area code. The network ID of an IP address and an area code of a phone number are essentially the same thing. Everyone who lives in the same physical area typically will have the same area code number (or country code number would also be a good example). It signifies where you are. Everyone who is on the same network will have the same network ID, this also signifies where you are. I really hope this makes sense and thanks again for the great question!
Excellent question! You're most correct that the private IPs are free, don't have to be registered with anyone, so why subnet them to begin with!?!? Well, honestly, some administrators don't subnet at all. They use the private ranges in their entirety and that's that. However, many administrators use the free, private IPs to their advantage because they know they can subnet them however they'd like. Some administrators will subnet the private ranges so as not to "waste" a lot of IPs and not have networks with 65k IPs in them but only use a few hundred. Sometimes you'll see subnets with exact amounts of IPs and all are used (between routers for instance so that no remaining IPs could possibly be used by an attacker). The possibilities are really endless. It's completely up to the individual administrator and what they want/need. The beauty is with these private IPs they have the freedom to make the network like they want it to be. Again, thanks for the excellent question!
+Kani Mozhi -- Also, we subnet in order to organize things. For example, you might use 192.168.1.0 for Marketing, 192.168.2.0 for Payroll, 192.168.3.0 for Cust. Support, and 192.168.4.0 for Mailroom / Printshop. When you do that it becomes easier to see what type of person is accessing your data.
Btw, I have a question. Where I work somenone designed the network to run over the range 10.0.0.0 (up to 10.0.2.255), with the subnet mask 255.255.252.0, theoretically speaking, that's wrong, right? I mean, the mixed a class A network with a class B subnet mask (it works fine, yet now that I've learned this, feels untidy, doesn't it?)
Excellent question. This is actually VERY common in the corporate/enterprise world. This is what's known as classless subnetting because the network and subnet mask use mixed classes and simply do not follow a standard class A, B, or C scheme. Network administrators will do this for multiple reasons but the most common reason is to create a subnet with enough IPs to do the job but at the same time not have a TON of IPs just laying around, so to speak. Because the way private networks were designed (that you can do with them as you please), administrators will use classless subnetting to customize things to their needs. For instance, your network of 10.0.0.0 with a subnet mask of 255.255.252.0 will give you 1024 total IP addresses for each subnet, and 64 total subnets to play with. This allows the administrator to "break" the network into smaller pieces (64 to be exact) with 1024 IPs in each piece (in this case each piece means a department, building, etc.). When I would teach subnetting to new students I always considered classless subnetting to be "advanced" subnetting. It was hard enough to get students to wrap their heads around regular classful subnetting to then say "OK, throw all that out and lets learn about classless subnetting!" Many evil looks were given on that day! Anyway, it's actually a very tidy way to keep things organized as well as keeping the size of the subnets down to realistic numbers (why waste right?).
Thank you Berry. Now it makes sense why the subnet is like that. I had to re watch the 'How to Subnet Part II' video again and do the math to understand why you said 64 subnets and 1024 IPs. Thank you for this great series of videos. Hadn't you thought of publishing some classes in another platform (such as Next U or Udemy). If you do so, please let me know, I would really like to attend a course of yours.
First off, thank you for the very kind words. I honestly haven't thought about publishing anything. I was hired as director of an online college campus in 2013 and did these videos for my students as a way to supplement their normal studies. When I left the college, I just figured "what the heck" and threw these videos on TH-cam to possibly help someone understand IPs and subnets a little better. I never in a million years thought people would actually make comments or REALLY feel as though these videos were useful. Heck, I didn't really think people would watch them in the first place. Then, suddenly, people actually started subscribing to my channel (which I also never considered). All in all, this has been a surprise to me. I taught the subjects of A+, Network+, Security+, Linux+, and CCNA Route/Switch for 16 years and would be happy to do other videos, I just don't know what to do them on. Thanks again!!
Dear Berry. Every subject you taught, are the ones the IT guys love to hear and would like to learn. If I were you, I would make them in a similar order to the classes you taught. Regardless if you do them or not, thank you for the ones you have done, the were and are very useful.
Berry has the 3 elements that make a wonderful teacher:
1. He knows his subject
2. He can communicate his understanding in an effective way
3. He actually cares that his students learn
I had a lot of teachers like him when I went to JC years ago. Now, there are far too few like him.
Thank you Berry!
I've been in the IT field over 17years. Studied and abandoned Systems engineering. And worked for companys and junior sysadmin for years. And it's the first time I've learned why some networks starts with 10, 172.16, and 192. THANK YOU!!
I hope ur kidding😂
What kind of "work" can you do if you can't even do basic local IP addressing? lol
lmao u give me hope to find a job in this field
sir, you explained this beautifully, after listening to multiple 3 hr lectures from my instructor I couldn't follow along, but you made me understand this so well in your 12 minute video and ive lost 6 hours trying to understand. Thank you so much lol
THANK YOU BERRY! You explanations are so clean and your history lessons are on point. It lets us viewers understand why things are the way they are!!!
Big wow of applause !
I'm a computer hobbyist geek for years, but this is my first-time EVER to understand the IPs subject.
Thank you very much.
Thank you sir! Had the AHA moment after watching your videos for subnet masks.
The historical context you provided helps remember the "why" and not just the "what". Thanks for the great video series, I've learned a lot from you in such a short amount of time.
I've watched many many videos on the subject, and this was the only one that truly helped me!
You are one of the best teachers on TH-cam. Keep the good stuff flowing. Thank you very much!
Thank you Berry Smith!!! You are the greatest teacher ever, your explanations are second to non, too class man ... Started my job as a Junior IP Engineer 2 months ago and your videos helps me a lot..
Very clearly explained. You have a knack for simplifying technical information and explaining the reasons why and how things work. A good teacher can do this and help others learn by sharing knowledge. Not evryone can do this as well as people like you do. Well done and keep up the good work! :)
Your History Lessons make this stuff relative to the subject. It honestly helps with learning the content. Thank you again Mr. Smith, You Are The MAN!!!
Your explanation od subnetting is by far, the best I have ever heard/seen. Thank you Sir!
MAY GOD BLESS YOU DAD, AND KEEP YOU LONG IN HEALTH AND JOY .
Best teacher
Well, I just feel lucky to have reached this page. Thankyou
I am lucky to watch this nice video. Thank you sir and God bless you. From India.
Thank for the video, Berry!
Very well explained. And as someone who isn't that IT/tech savvy, giving analogies (like the phone number one) was a great way to explain.
Very informative, clear and easy to understand. Thank you.
You, my friend, are a TRUE teacher. You need to learn stuff and pass it on to others :D. (Much love from Romania)
Great way to break it down...watched numerous videos about subnetting but nothing yet about why. Just as you mentioned at the beginning of this video. Awesome approach! Thanks!
Great material berry as always....Thank you so much.
Thank you so much for these videos. They are SUPER helpful. I have a question though. In your example, 192.168.1.1, we know that is a class C IP. In that case, we know the network Id (first 3 octets) and the node Id (last octet). Why is the subnet mask required? What information can it give me?
Excellent, excellent question! I'll give you two very good reasons (among many others) as to why you still need the subnet mask. First, your reasoning as to why a subnet mask is needed comes from common sense human thinking. You know it's a class C, you know what octets are network and which are node but you must begin to think like a router does! A router can't simply look at the IP and figure out what's what. A router uses the subnet mask as a filter (which is really what a subnet mask is, a filter) to tell it which parts are network and which parts are node. Without that subnet mask the router would not be able to process the data/packet! The second reason to always have a subnet mask is because of subnetting. Because a subnet mask is a filter and that filter specifies network and node IDs, a subnet mask is crucial with a subnetted network. For instance, if I told you your IP address was 192.168.1.1 but didn't give the subnet mask that goes with it, you could have all sorts of communication trouble. With that IP address and a standard class C subnet mask (255.255.255.0) you will have a network ID of 192.168.1.0 and a broadcast ID of 192.168.1.255. However, if your IP was 192.168.1.1 but your subnet mask was subnetted into 255.255.255.240 then your network ID would be 192.168.1.0 (like before) but your broadcast ID would be 192.168.1.15 (big difference). You see, the subnet mask tells network devices (especially routers) all about that IP address, who it can talk to locally (same LAN), what its network ID is, what its broadcast ID is, and how many other IPs are available on that network! It's a vital piece of the puzzle even if the puzzle is an easy one with only standard class A, B, or C addresses to play with. I hope this makes sense and helps. Thanks again for the awesome question!!
Berry Smith that makes sense. Thank you - You have a fan now 😀
@@kindabad so darn brilliant. Thank you!
That's exactly the question I had in my mind after watching the video. Thanks for asking.
@@kindabad - what an answer! Thank you for explaining everything so clearly! :)
You're awesome!!! Thanks for the clean and simple explanation. Always a good refresher.
awesome!! Your whole series gave me way better insight networking, IP's. You're killing that!!!!
thanks Berry Smith, God bless you and your wife and kids
Thank You Sir for having a video uploaded for explaining this concept.It's a very useful video.
Gdamn handsome teacher. Subscribed at once. Watching you should make my classes so much easier en enjoyable.
You are an excellent, graceful teacher!!
Thank you Berry, it's the best explanation I found! All your videos are crystal clear
U explain each and everything very clearly thanku
You have to continue making videos for us sir! Blessed to have found your videos! Thank you!
Berry you´re the best, the only video that helped me understand! Subscribed
This four videos are the best about IP and submasks.
Thank you very much, nice explanation , i watched all your IP address videos
Thank you! Loved the history lesson, too! 😊👍
Fantastic explanation Thank you 🙏
Greate explaination Thank you
this is one of the best teacher i have ever had!!!
Thank you ❤️ , this video helped me for my assessment preparation.
Hoping to see more educative videos from you
You're a good teacher. Thanks man!
Pretty good videos, easily watchable on 1.5, hopefully you make more in the future :D
Thank you Berry much. Excellent way of explaining!
I hit the like button before I even watched because I know it's going to be good.
Simple yet significant! Thank you so much Sir! You're a great teacher! Looking forward to future lessons 😁💯🔥
This series is amazing. Love it.
These really has been super helpful. Thank you. I wonder if you have any courses on udemy or pluralsight? Would love to get a deeper dive on networking and security through you. You explain things really well.
Thank you, your explanation was very helpful !
very good explanation sir, thanks :)
YOLO THIS 240LB OF 240 CARRAT GOLD!!! LOVED IT!
So application that ran on Private IPs we can called it Intranet apps. Whilst the application that ran on Public IPs and have the Web Server that is accessible from Internet, we can called it Internet apps.
Good explanation 😀 I have a doubt ,In our home we connect multiple devices to router ,these devices get public or private ip?and on what basis the router sends the data to devices ,on basis of private ip or Mac address
These videos are awesome. Thank you.
Thanks for the great explanation
very easy to understand thanks for making this awesome video.
WOW, i just understood how the subnet mask is function!! 12 minutes spend on this video is worth!!
You have a nice voice Berry
What was the basis of selecting these ranges as private? What is the logic? Why didn't they select any other range as private?
This is truly an excellent question! Why they selected these exact ranges, I honestly couldn't tell you. My best guess is that these ranges were available and not yet owned by anyone so they used them. What I do know is that these private ranges came about with RFC 1918 as a way to prolong the IPv4 address space. The Internet exploded in popularity in the early 90s and it was quickly realized that we would run out of available IPs within a few years (mid 90s). RFC 1918 brought about private IP ranges as well as Network Address Translation (NAT) which instantly gave IPv4 a whole new life. I also know that they set aside a range in each class A, B, and C to give complete choice to any company/entity for their IP requirements. Large companies could use class A and smaller companies could use class C, or they could use whatever fit their needs. These addresses could also be subnetted giving even more choice and customization for their needs. Why they used these exact numbers is a fantastic question and one I'll continue to research. You've very much piqued my interest and now I'd like to know.
Thanks for the lesson. Can you please confirm if the IP address and subnet masking can be from different location?
For example, if I am logging in or accessing a site from New York but it is showing as LA due to subnet masking.
Is this possible? If yes, can you please explain the algorithm behind it
This was helpful. Thank you.
Now I could really understand this fuckin term , thanks Berry
Thanks for your video. Sir, please let me know, How to calculate the available networks in Class A, Class B, and Class C? Thanks
What a great teacher :)
If I got it right, a public IP is also a private IP belongs to the internet. It’s just that the internet is so wide that’s it’s public.
You are the man! cheers from India!
Thank you Berry
Thanks you u'v made things clearer to me 🔥💯
Where can I find more on Private IP address class ABC and how they break down the address
Thanks for the explanation. I have question . We do not basically change the network part of Ip and will remains the same . Then how come this ranges from 172.16 to 162.31 ?basically we have 2 network part which will not change since this is being class B .
Thanks so much for the excellent question! So there are two main things that we need to understand to answer your question. First, the 172.16 to 172.31 range itself was set aside for private use by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) in 1996 (Look up RFC 1918 for full information). This basically means that any IP between those two numbers are free to use in any way you'd like. Second, remember that the network part of the IP (the network ID) signifies/identifies what network you're in. The network you're in never changes UNLESS you physically move to a different network. To explain better, think of your phone number. The first part of your phone number (the area code, assuming you're in the US) signifies what area of the country the phone came from. Other people with phones originating from that same area will have the same area code. The network ID of an IP address and an area code of a phone number are essentially the same thing. Everyone who lives in the same physical area typically will have the same area code number (or country code number would also be a good example). It signifies where you are. Everyone who is on the same network will have the same network ID, this also signifies where you are. I really hope this makes sense and thanks again for the great question!
Thank you so much 😊.. understood now ✌🏻
good description once more
hi berry,thanks.could you be having any references please
Thanks Berry. You made is simple.
Thank you for your help buddy, much appreciated🤓
nice
Sir how about in public ip address, is there also a network part and host part?
excellent!
Thank you for the video
Hello :)
Hope you are well .. I have a qn here . Private IPs are free of cost .. then why do we go for Subnet ? We can use as much .
Excellent question! You're most correct that the private IPs are free, don't have to be registered with anyone, so why subnet them to begin with!?!? Well, honestly, some administrators don't subnet at all. They use the private ranges in their entirety and that's that. However, many administrators use the free, private IPs to their advantage because they know they can subnet them however they'd like. Some administrators will subnet the private ranges so as not to "waste" a lot of IPs and not have networks with 65k IPs in them but only use a few hundred. Sometimes you'll see subnets with exact amounts of IPs and all are used (between routers for instance so that no remaining IPs could possibly be used by an attacker). The possibilities are really endless. It's completely up to the individual administrator and what they want/need. The beauty is with these private IPs they have the freedom to make the network like they want it to be. Again, thanks for the excellent question!
+Kani Mozhi -- Also, we subnet in order to organize things. For example, you might use 192.168.1.0 for Marketing, 192.168.2.0 for Payroll, 192.168.3.0 for Cust. Support, and 192.168.4.0 for Mailroom / Printshop. When you do that it becomes easier to see what type of person is accessing your data.
u r febulous man
U are too good
So if it's a standard subnet, we just need to know to the class. Got it! And if it's not standard, that's where things get shifty.
Berry, if you make a paid course on Udemy for CCNA/CCNP topics, I'm buying it!
Thank you!
Hey Barry! thank buddy, take care
MAKE MORE VIDEOS MEN YOU ARE AWESOME
many thanks
Can you make a video on broadcast and network I’d , How it gets generated
thank you for your videos sir!
I used class b private ip address but my subnet mask is /24? Is it ok? Why pc accepts it?
best tutorial in youtube !!!! thanks a lot
What if i see 254 on a subnet please? ive seen it many times
THANK YOU BERRY
you 're awesome, thanks
you are a magician
can somebody tell me what does he mean by saying:
"private ips are not on the internet but they could have internet access"
Thanks
Btw, I have a question. Where I work somenone designed the network to run over the range 10.0.0.0 (up to 10.0.2.255), with the subnet mask 255.255.252.0, theoretically speaking, that's wrong, right? I mean, the mixed a class A network with a class B subnet mask (it works fine, yet now that I've learned this, feels untidy, doesn't it?)
Excellent question. This is actually VERY common in the corporate/enterprise world. This is what's known as classless subnetting because the network and subnet mask use mixed classes and simply do not follow a standard class A, B, or C scheme. Network administrators will do this for multiple reasons but the most common reason is to create a subnet with enough IPs to do the job but at the same time not have a TON of IPs just laying around, so to speak. Because the way private networks were designed (that you can do with them as you please), administrators will use classless subnetting to customize things to their needs. For instance, your network of 10.0.0.0 with a subnet mask of 255.255.252.0 will give you 1024 total IP addresses for each subnet, and 64 total subnets to play with. This allows the administrator to "break" the network into smaller pieces (64 to be exact) with 1024 IPs in each piece (in this case each piece means a department, building, etc.). When I would teach subnetting to new students I always considered classless subnetting to be "advanced" subnetting. It was hard enough to get students to wrap their heads around regular classful subnetting to then say "OK, throw all that out and lets learn about classless subnetting!" Many evil looks were given on that day! Anyway, it's actually a very tidy way to keep things organized as well as keeping the size of the subnets down to realistic numbers (why waste right?).
Thank you Berry. Now it makes sense why the subnet is like that. I had to re watch the 'How to Subnet Part II' video again and do the math to understand why you said 64 subnets and 1024 IPs.
Thank you for this great series of videos.
Hadn't you thought of publishing some classes in another platform (such as Next U or Udemy). If you do so, please let me know, I would really like to attend a course of yours.
First off, thank you for the very kind words. I honestly haven't thought about publishing anything. I was hired as director of an online college campus in 2013 and did these videos for my students as a way to supplement their normal studies. When I left the college, I just figured "what the heck" and threw these videos on TH-cam to possibly help someone understand IPs and subnets a little better. I never in a million years thought people would actually make comments or REALLY feel as though these videos were useful. Heck, I didn't really think people would watch them in the first place. Then, suddenly, people actually started subscribing to my channel (which I also never considered). All in all, this has been a surprise to me. I taught the subjects of A+, Network+, Security+, Linux+, and CCNA Route/Switch for 16 years and would be happy to do other videos, I just don't know what to do them on. Thanks again!!
Dear Berry. Every subject you taught, are the ones the IT guys love to hear and would like to learn. If I were you, I would make them in a similar order to the classes you taught. Regardless if you do them or not, thank you for the ones you have done, the were and are very useful.
thanks!
thank you
THANK YOU!