How To Build A Ram Pump

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  • เผยแพร่เมื่อ 4 พ.ย. 2024

ความคิดเห็น • 114

  • @julmerdudo5875
    @julmerdudo5875 ปีที่แล้ว +9

    Were you order that ram pump?

    • @JoeMalovich
      @JoeMalovich  ปีที่แล้ว +5

      I offer kits in the following sizes:
      1/2" www.ebay.com/itm/334123889292
      3/4" www.ebay.com/itm/334252703024
      1" www.ebay.com/itm/334313435507
      1.5" www.ebay.com/itm/334819056023

    • @briggturner4615
      @briggturner4615 11 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      ​@@JoeMalovichI have a 3.5gpm natural spring that has about 3ft of fall and I want to pump it up about 25 vertical feet. I realize I'm not going to get great flow rate but am fine with that. Planning to use 1/2 tube for delivery. Which size pump should I buy? 3/4 or 1 inch?
      Thanks

    • @JoeMalovich
      @JoeMalovich  11 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

      I'm afraid you don't have enough input height to generate sufficient output pressure. If you could get up to 5ft of input you would have a better time.

    • @briggturner4615
      @briggturner4615 11 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      ​@@JoeMalovichI could probably get another foot by putting it further downstream. I could also make the output only 20 feet although that's less ideal. If I could swing that, what size do you think I should get?

    • @JoeMalovich
      @JoeMalovich  11 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

      @@briggturner4615 3/4in would be good, not quite enough flow for the 1in

  • @benfinds
    @benfinds 2 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    You got the best Ram pump set up so far. this has been uploaded 2 years ago and here I am, checking this at year 2024 haha. Nice vid.

  • @2dragonfire514
    @2dragonfire514 4 หลายเดือนก่อน +5

    Thank you. I was looking for a design with parts and found this. The parts list helped tremendously!
    This is one of if not the most helpful videos I have found in a while

  • @badgermtn
    @badgermtn ปีที่แล้ว +16

    I built one over 20 years ago, fed from a spring receiver box through 3/4" pipe, used it to pump probably 60 feet up hill and following about a 2000 feet course of above ground pipe to my cabin. Ran 24/7, even in the dead of winter. Pipes never froze because the water was always moving.
    These are great devices, though I no long use mine.

    • @hmlrhotheta
      @hmlrhotheta 10 หลายเดือนก่อน

      The water stream I rely on is over 900 feet (around 300 meters) from the house I want to bring this water to. Also, the stream lies at a lower altitude than the house by about 20 feet/6.1 meters. Will this ram pump be able to defy distance and gravity to deliver water to my home 24/7 yearlong? If not, what ramp pump model do you recommend?

    • @badgermtn
      @badgermtn 10 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@hmlrhotheta that distance and elevation would not be a problem. If I recall it takes about 1 psi to raise water 1.5 feet, so all you need is 14 psi to lift your 20 feet...the pump will easily produce that with enough stream head. I pumped uphill maybe 60 feet elevation and then horizontally at least 2000 feet. The most important thing is how much head you have at your stream, which is the elevation drop from the water intake - then through a length of pipe- to the pump itself. The greater the drop, the more velocity and energy the water will have to drive the pump. So if your stream is on basically flat ground it won't work unless you run a lot of pipe downhill to get sufficient drop. I probably had a good 20 foot drop or more through maybe 150 feet of pipe to the pump. Recommend at least 3/4 - 1 inch diameter pipe feeding the pump to minimize friction losses. You want the water flowing hard and fast to the pump (I used black poly underground sprinkler hose).

    • @hmlrhotheta
      @hmlrhotheta 10 หลายเดือนก่อน

      TY for your quick reply. My neighbor, who owns that stretch of the water stream, told me that over the years the stream has become weaker and weaker. I visited the Island in may 2023 but did not see the stream. I guess I will have to inspect it physically when I return this year for my retirement. I noticed that you sell the kit you're recommending at a very affordable price. I like it. I'll contact you again after I move back to the island. Thank you , again..@@badgermtn

    • @badgermtn
      @badgermtn 10 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@hmlrhotheta sorry friend, I'm not selling any kits. You have me confused with someone else. Again your biggest concern is having enough downhill distance (head) for the stream. You would also need to dam up or build a receiver box up-stream to create a reservoir of water so as not to suck any air. Even with a low flowing stream that will work since the ram pump won't be moving a huge amount of water, just a constant flow with each stroke that you would want to feed into a tank at your house and use a standard electric pump from there for your needs. Do some research on Google for calculations on required stream head if in doubt.

    • @zoro-i8u
      @zoro-i8u 7 หลายเดือนก่อน

      In place of the ram pump what are you using now?

  • @frugallandlord6974
    @frugallandlord6974 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    I don’t even want to make one but I thoroughly enjoyed watching this video, great job!

  • @duanesiles1751
    @duanesiles1751 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Im glad to see someone other than me uses more than a rap or two on the threads

  • @firefly-vc5ew
    @firefly-vc5ew 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

    A few years ago I built a 3/4" (pipe) ram pump, because I saw a couple (banging away) in actual use, supplying water to a small roadside farmers grocery. It worked like a champ.

  • @JimDavia
    @JimDavia 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    greatest vid in yt. ❤ from Philippines here watching 2024

  • @wilsoncuaresma2407
    @wilsoncuaresma2407 ปีที่แล้ว

    Sa lahat ng napanuod kong ram pump videos, sa iyo ang pinaka kumpleto. Details by details

  • @wheresWaldoCmill
    @wheresWaldoCmill 2 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    If you don't have enough fall on a creek can you possibly have multiple ram pumps to get the water to a high enough elevation? I'm needing about 12 feet of rise to get water into a pond. I guess you'd need some kind of holding tank halfway up the hill to restart the ram proces...if that's even possible?

  • @Spiritrun-hf2vf
    @Spiritrun-hf2vf 8 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Excellent demo!

  • @raulllido4257
    @raulllido4257 10 หลายเดือนก่อน

    I have seen this pump in one remote barangay I've stayed,, they use ram pump but its big enough,, it can supply the whole barangay,,, it is so useful,,

  • @1NATURELOVERJ
    @1NATURELOVERJ 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Amazing. Keeping everything the same, if I mad a taller pressure pipe with a bike tube filled more, would it deliver more water pressure outflow?

    • @JoeMalovich
      @JoeMalovich  3 หลายเดือนก่อน

      It should

  • @williamarmstrong392
    @williamarmstrong392 2 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    That is very interesting. Thank you for sharing !

  • @joshuashaffer4556
    @joshuashaffer4556 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Thank you for this sir! You’re appreciated

  • @averteddisasterbarely2339
    @averteddisasterbarely2339 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    This is awesome ! I'm curious about the limit to how big one can be built ! I'm thinking the larger the pipe...the more water ! I have a very fast flowing stream and would like to know if it's feasible ! Any info would be great ! Have a great day and thanks for the video !

    • @JoeMalovich
      @JoeMalovich  ปีที่แล้ว

      They can get VERY BIG. How much fall do you have for your fast flowing water?

    • @averteddisasterbarely2339
      @averteddisasterbarely2339 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@JoeMalovich at the base of the fall to the top is about 25 feet, it takes about 3 seconds to fill a five gallon bucket !

    • @JoeMalovich
      @JoeMalovich  ปีที่แล้ว

      @@averteddisasterbarely2339 you can run just about anything then.

  • @hmlrhotheta
    @hmlrhotheta 10 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    The water stream I rely on is over 900 feet (around 300 meters) from the house I want to bring this water to. Also, the stream lies at a lower altitude than the house by about 20 feet/6.1 meters. Will this ram pump be able to defy distance and gravity to deliver water to my home 24/7 yearlong? If not, what ramp pump model do you recommend?

    • @JoeMalovich
      @JoeMalovich  10 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Distance isn't so much an issue as long as that pipe doesn't hold air bubbles.
      How much fall can you get from your stream?

  • @kbjoney
    @kbjoney ปีที่แล้ว

    Hai, thanks for the information. If you can answer this please.
    How much head height it can achieve ?

  • @bushtuckaman
    @bushtuckaman 2 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Would you be able to advise me on my ram pump please? I'm in Cardiff UK and a friend of mine a few months ago ordered me a complete 1/2 inch ramp pump from yourself before I discussed with him the size I actually needed. So I have your 1/2 ram in hand but wasn't sure it was the correct size for my situation. Do you think I can make it work and if so what size pipe to drive and deliver?
    I'm in an off grid location around what I've calculated is 17m vertically above a freshwater spring with ample flow. I can site the ram downstream of that spring, so the ram pump will 250m distance from where I need the water delivered and 20m vertically below. I was thinking a drive pipe 3-4m vertically below the spring. 30-40m long. I only need a small volume 50-100 litres per day delivered. The question really is more about the vertical height I can drive the water. Will the 1/2 pump drive uphill 20m vertically and what size, drive pipe and delivery pipe would be recommended for this situation. Cheers John

    • @JoeMalovich
      @JoeMalovich  2 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      Absolutely my 1/2“ pump will work in your site and provide much more water than you require.
      Coming out of the spring can be 1/2“ black poly pipe. The last 10m of drive pipe going into the pump should be either rigid PVC or metal pipe. Where this poly pipe and rigid pipe join there should be a tee to a standpipe which is a vertical uncapped breather that would be 3m to 4m tall in your case. This makes the effective drive pipe only 10m long, any longer and it might not won't work well.
      The delivery pipe can be anything, 1/2" black poly pipe would be preferred and most economical.
      Ram pumps can be finicky though and detrimental resonances could result. I am 95% certain the information I gave you will result in success, if not then upping the size of the pipe out of the spring and the standpipe will definitely work. Replacing the standpipe with a bucket 3m above and 10m of rigid pipe away from the pump will also work well.

    • @bushtuckaman
      @bushtuckaman 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@JoeMalovich Joe, many thanks for the extensive reply! I've resurveyed the vertical drops today's using the spirit level and eyeball method so there may be some error in the figures.
      The water delivery location will be vertical 24.5m, with the ram 3m vertical below the water source. I'm thinking I may need to increase the head to 4m to get it up that hill!? This will extend the length of the drive pipe to approx 40m so I'm also thinking I'm going to need a standpipe. It so essential to have the last 10m of delivery pipe rigid as you suggest or will poly hose maybe work? Also seen suggestions the supply line to the standpipe and the standpipe should be larger pipe, what are you thoughts on this?
      Cheers

    • @JoeMalovich
      @JoeMalovich  2 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      ​@@bushtuckaman You should try it at 3m, it might do what you need, if not you have the option of using that extra meter.
      At the high pumping ratio you are trying to use (about 8:1) I highly recommend going with the rigid pipe, keep it as straight as possible and brace the pump so all of the hammer force goes into pumping water, not vibrating the pipe/pump. As for the spring water supply line and stand pipe being larger I did mention in a previous comment that you might need to up them to 3/4", or just the stand pipe to 3/4" (or larger, you could even use 2" pipe if you want). I don't think the pump will be stressing the flow capacity of the 1/2" pipe from the spring over 30m. Try it and see, I would try mocking it up here but it's -7C and snowing outside.

    • @bushtuckaman
      @bushtuckaman 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@JoeMalovich @Joe Malovich I was think from an economics pov to slightly over engineer the drive, supply and standpipe to hopefully prevent me from having to reorder larger pipes if I fail to get the delivery height required.
      For example if I went to 5m vertical drop from spring to ram I would surely guarantee the desired delivery height. Ratio would the 5:1 and it only moved the ram approx 50m distance from the spring, 5m vertically
      So 1/2 delivery and drive pipe. 3/4 inch standpipe and supply pipe. With standpipe 30m away from the ram.
      Sounds cold where you are. Its warming up here in the UK now.

    • @JoeMalovich
      @JoeMalovich  2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@bushtuckaman that's up to you. You can also double up on 1/2“ vs switching to 3/4.
      Still keep the stand pipe about 10m from the pump. Long drive pipes can develop resonant issues.

  • @Veziety
    @Veziety ปีที่แล้ว

    Thanks for the info. Nice view you got there!
    God bless you.

  • @Wild_Bill57
    @Wild_Bill57 9 วันที่ผ่านมา

    The valve on the upside of the water flow should have been above the connection. That would allow for the pump to be disconnected without the feed pipe emptying.

  • @vladidol2245
    @vladidol2245 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

    What is the air bladder for?
    Would the pump not work without it?

  • @ridzwananuar5919
    @ridzwananuar5919 2 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Do you mind if i ask? My question is, when we test the ram pump..can we test it using the running water from the main waterline..means that the delivery pipe connected directly to the water tap..

    • @JoeMalovich
      @JoeMalovich  2 ปีที่แล้ว

      I would not advise it even though it may work.

  • @hotrodZack1948
    @hotrodZack1948 หลายเดือนก่อน

    You dont need the innertube. The air will stay in the tubing as ling as it stays upright

  • @anthonymarianni7153
    @anthonymarianni7153 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Can PVC check valves be used in lieu of brass?

  • @bradprice9268
    @bradprice9268 2 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Very cool joe thanks I'll be using mine to run my off grid water supply in my now dry cabin and to the guy that said it's too expensive 😝 I'd have to drive two hours to home Depot look for everything get home realize I missed something and drive back so 80$is a bargain 🤣

    • @JoeMalovich
      @JoeMalovich  2 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      Yes I too believe it is priced fairly. I make much of my profit from being able to buy in bulk at a discount, and I spend enough that my supplies have free shipping.

  • @jaks162
    @jaks162 8 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Could you use a 45* fitting coming off the check valve to direct the exhaust water in the direction you want it to go? Or will this added friction on the waste side cause it to not run as well

    • @JoeMalovich
      @JoeMalovich  8 หลายเดือนก่อน

      It would still work but you may lose some performance.

    • @SaferAtHome
      @SaferAtHome 7 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@JoeMalovich, I don’t see a parts list you stated you would provide in the comments

    • @JoeMalovich
      @JoeMalovich  7 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@SaferAtHome check again, it's there.

  • @dibbs1503
    @dibbs1503 4 วันที่ผ่านมา

    im struggling to find the 2" x 1/2" PVC Reducer Bushing for less than £30 uk !!!🤬

  • @31_acres_of_sustainability
    @31_acres_of_sustainability 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Why does everyone use PVC instead of ABS pipe when PVC degrades in UV (sunlight) ?

  • @gladlygibbon7937
    @gladlygibbon7937 หลายเดือนก่อน

    What is the purpose of the bike tire?

  • @markskise
    @markskise ปีที่แล้ว

    Thanks for good video 👌

  • @bigbadbeau3d262
    @bigbadbeau3d262 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    I have 2 50mm pipe coming down a hill from a creek 50meter high. Can I use this pump to pump sand out of my creek up the bank 3-4meter high ?

    • @JoeMalovich
      @JoeMalovich  2 ปีที่แล้ว

      I have no idea if a ram pump can pump sand, but probably not. Wear would be an issue too.

  • @TheAwesomeHomestead
    @TheAwesomeHomestead ปีที่แล้ว

    What's the optimal pipe size ratio? IE, drive pipe is (A) delivery pipe should be (A/½) or what ever it should be. A real world example I keep seeing is 1¼" in ¾ out. But I've also seen 1" in ¾ out. One must be better than the other for delivery distance and height

    • @JoeMalovich
      @JoeMalovich  ปีที่แล้ว

      The optimal delivery pipe size is: bigger is better until you hit diminishing returns. Half pump size is usually sufficient.

  • @petesmith13
    @petesmith13 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Still unsure what this is for... Basically storing the energy of water flowing down hill to get it to flow back up a certain amount so it can be piped into the top of a tank without having to use using a electromechanical pump or an elevated pipe all the way from the source to the top of the tank?

    • @JoeMalovich
      @JoeMalovich  3 ปีที่แล้ว +6

      Used for raising natural flowing water up to a more usable height for irrigation, livestock, utility, drinking.

    • @petesmith13
      @petesmith13 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@JoeMalovich thanks mate

    • @richardpeterson3753
      @richardpeterson3753 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      one known application for these is moonshiners often use them to get water to their still condensers and mash tanks at their sites,which are often in the middle of nowhere.these are significantly more quiet than gas operated units,reducing risk of being discovered,and don't require electricity.though there is a huge amount of uses for these,from watering livestock,to providing arrogation to crops to getting water to your house in off-grid situations.also excellent to have on long term camping sites.

  • @억울한사람을보호합시
    @억울한사람을보호합시 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

    최고 입니다

  • @adrenalinefamily2339
    @adrenalinefamily2339 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    How much pressure does this system make

    • @JoeMalovich
      @JoeMalovich  ปีที่แล้ว

      Approximately 7x your input pressure.

    • @eightrfarinas8450
      @eightrfarinas8450 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@JoeMalovich So 2 psi will gain 14 psi? 🤔

    • @JoeMalovich
      @JoeMalovich  ปีที่แล้ว

      @@eightrfarinas8450 yes, but will use 14 gallons of water to pump 1 gallon of water.

  • @duanesiles1751
    @duanesiles1751 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Use a hole saw and you will absolutely get a better cut in your bucket

  • @gregb1714
    @gregb1714 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    I'm next to a stream with a pretty good flow rate but not any sort of elevation drop. Would this work for me?

    • @JoeMalovich
      @JoeMalovich  3 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      Nope. You might instead look into waterwheel spiral pumps.

  • @kingstretch7270
    @kingstretch7270 ปีที่แล้ว

    how long did it take before you got water

  • @titingvines5540
    @titingvines5540 ปีที่แล้ว

    Where we order this ram pamp kit

  • @TheAwesomeHomestead
    @TheAwesomeHomestead ปีที่แล้ว

    What's the effect of a single undersized fitting? Like if you had a 2" to 1" reducer Into the pressure tank.
    I'm thinking about building a 2" ram pump but I'd like to use some of the stuff I have laying around, like a spare expansion tank I have laying around. It has a 1" inlet. Hence the question.

    • @JoeMalovich
      @JoeMalovich  ปีที่แล้ว

      It's really best if the pressure tank has zero restriction, you want to give the hammering slug of water every opportunity to get into the output side of the secondary check valve.
      It will work but will be a bottleneck. If you have a second one that would be best. You can also use a snifter valve and a plain jane section of 2" pipe but you need to orient everything so that the bubbles want to go into the tank and stay there.
      Reference this pump layout th-cam.com/video/skapOlki__8/w-d-xo.html

  • @mauriceonyango8024
    @mauriceonyango8024 8 หลายเดือนก่อน

    How can I get the rum pump kit?

  • @ashleycawley5816
    @ashleycawley5816 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank you!!!

  • @zarzolienhmar6743
    @zarzolienhmar6743 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

    How up hill can pump up high?

  • @alexpwl8671
    @alexpwl8671 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Cool !

  • @huseyinoztabak9823
    @huseyinoztabak9823 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Kaç tl dir takim su pompası

  • @allenshirley2795
    @allenshirley2795 ปีที่แล้ว

    Fine tutorial

  • @magicman9486
    @magicman9486 ปีที่แล้ว

    I would like to use the fast flowing water of the Mekong river to irrigate the nearby fields. would this work for that?

    • @JoeMalovich
      @JoeMalovich  ปีที่แล้ว

      No, you want a spiral waterwheel pump

  • @TheAwesomeHomestead
    @TheAwesomeHomestead ปีที่แล้ว

    Are these check valves pressure adjustable?

  • @elpasobetta
    @elpasobetta ปีที่แล้ว

    I think I'm sticking to harborfreight booster pump instead.. thank you

    • @zinovyrozhestvensky3636
      @zinovyrozhestvensky3636 ปีที่แล้ว

      Sharp rock cuts your wire, short circuiting and shocking you while in the creek

  • @scottyray4516
    @scottyray4516 5 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    I just don’t see where all the teflon tape and glue is needed! Surely it can’t possibly make that much pressure?

    • @JoeMalovich
      @JoeMalovich  5 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      It absolutely can build much pressure.

    • @dewaynedailey6680
      @dewaynedailey6680 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

      It's called leak free. You are a master plumber 😅

    • @dewaynedailey6680
      @dewaynedailey6680 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Good Job Joe

  • @sheldon8115
    @sheldon8115 13 วันที่ผ่านมา

    I do 3 times

  • @GeneKoncaba
    @GeneKoncaba 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    You don't know the threshold of enough when enough is too much!!!

  • @kalibalawilliam5310
    @kalibalawilliam5310 7 หลายเดือนก่อน

    How can i get this ram pump bro in Africa

  • @allnaturalhomesteaders
    @allnaturalhomesteaders 11 หลายเดือนก่อน

    How would this work on a stream? Instead of a bucket would I just put the pipe into the stream, if I could post a picture, I'd show you my stream. But I have a video of it on my channel, it runs down hill, and has about 3-4 waterfalls. Soooo. Oh nevermind, you put it in a stream. Smh. 😂 Might help if I watch it farther. So how's much water does this pump per min? Ohhh what, you didn't put it in the stream on your video! Ugh.

    • @JoeMalovich
      @JoeMalovich  11 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Correct you don't need a bucket. You can use the stream water directly.
      That wasn't my creek.
      They pump up a maximum of 7x the input height, more flow at lower ratios like 3x. Need 3ft of elevation going into the pump to operate. More elevation going in is better.

  • @tempestive1
    @tempestive1 ปีที่แล้ว +7

    Just the one thing - teflon leaves PFAS in the water, kust like anti-stick frying pans. It bioaccumulates and is NOT good. Look it up - I stopped using it altogether.

    • @-1Patroit.
      @-1Patroit. 4 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      There’s not enough Teflon in it to hurt you get over it🤯

    • @dylanbout2630
      @dylanbout2630 2 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      Oh no we’re all gonna die

    • @TheSteveo6324
      @TheSteveo6324 2 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      You put the Teflon tape on the threads, not inside lol

    • @shaun469
      @shaun469 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Hahahahahahaha

  • @angiepelser3251
    @angiepelser3251 7 หลายเดือนก่อน

    You never put plumbers tape on the thread

  • @siglap
    @siglap 2 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    that is fake.

  • @vajona2495
    @vajona2495 ปีที่แล้ว

    You never, EVER put metal male adapter into female PVC treads...

    • @JoeMalovich
      @JoeMalovich  ปีที่แล้ว

      Then what do you do?

    • @vajona2495
      @vajona2495 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@JoeMalovich the metal male puts too much strain on the female PVC and will fail; however, a PVC male does not put strain on metal female coupling. Just switch which the parts materials.

  • @richardpeterson3753
    @richardpeterson3753 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    lol,there is no way in bloody hell I'm giving you 80$ for this.ill be parting this together at the local hardware store. you had a good idea,but got a bit greedy man.

    • @JoeMalovich
      @JoeMalovich  2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Go for it.

    • @kevinnimmo2621
      @kevinnimmo2621 2 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      Jeezo. You are paying for the guys time. If you can build this yourself...go 4 it. He practically shows you how to do it (although he did have a leak on the tower) other than that...80 bucks is a bargain if you are able to make good use of this system.