hello, i am a student in avionics systems and have found it hard to find any good explanation but must tell you that this is by far a very good explanation, thank you very much for the video, i will certainly look for more on you're channel.
thats why everyone studies in school till 12th grade. we even use addition and other basic mathematical operations in higher studies that we learnt in 1st grade@@sambhavkumar3865
I've been confused with this topic for weeks...read the whole chapter too, still left me confused. Professor himself was confused what he was doing. Your 11 minute video cleared that all up. Thank you!
I was studying electronic 20 years ago and I didn't like as I didn't understand. Now I try to truly understand by searching in this TH-cam, and I now understand it very easy.
My Electronics course uses the book "Microelectronic Circuits" by Sedra & Smith. I am not really a fan of that book, since I find it dry and long-winded. I tend to prefer "Fundamentals Of Microelectronics" by Razavi - it's not QUITE the same content, but it's very similar, and includes typical topics such as diodes, transistors, small-signal models, rectifier circuits, and so on. It doesn't include zener diodes though, but it has a teaching style that I definitely prefer over Sedra & Smith. And also, Razavi himself has tons of videos on several Electronics courses, and has a pedagogical style much like The Organic Chemistry Tutor.
Current flows from negative post of battery to positive post. In a Forward biased diode, current flows against the arrow. You're backward in your theory.
Thanks so much for making this video! I was unclear what would happen when 2 diodes are placed back to back and your explanation made total sense. All the best to you and take care!
@@bojangorgioski6353 Yeah that makes sense, but I’m always curious to know. I started replying to “Thanks, I have an exam coming up!”-type comments a while ago, and it’s led to some cool conversations…
Althouh Zener Diodes are a bit old-school, they do have some modern applications. Back in the 80's, I worked on the first Transatlantic Fiber Optic Cable (TAT-8). It had repeaters every 25 Kilometers or so. The power for all the repeaters was several thousand Volts with each repeater having a Zener of the Voltage needed to power the Repeater in series with the Power. Think of it as a High Voltage supply with a string of Zeners in series with the output, each repeater having it's own Zener with the voltage and current being taken off across each Zener. Quite a simple setup, but it worked quite well.
Good video on the zener diode Given the high voltage noted in the DC 50V example, you should have spent a moment to discuss P=I*V and the importance of the power ratings of the resistors. Some novice viewers might replicate this circuit on a breadboard using an improper 1/4W (.250) resistor and be alarmed by the magic smoke.
Schools frown upon people with understanding teaching. They prefer people who needed to go to college and memorize answers without understanding to get an expensive piece of paper known as a "college diploma". 🙄
I wish I found you 2 years ago so that this day would be different I was not afraid of this day so that I was not scared of what is going to happen next . I wish I found you before and thank you for what you have taught me still in 6 months
Thank you very much from France, I had on one of my schematics at te output of one op amp 2 Zeners back to back as you show at the end of your video and I was wondering wat they were for, and now I understand Thank you so much keep going the same way.
I made my own 2 amp regulator using a zener , saved buying a to3 cased lm 780x device, just have to stick to a fixed input and output voltage so not to over current the zener.
thanks mate this was a great video. nice to see it in the basic series circuit and then put into AC like that. i think the order you showed things is just the right way to do it. this is going into my permanent stash of educational resources
I always see comments like this. And I always think.. then you've seen it once before then if you mention school. If you (someone) went to college with out any knowledge of the subject beforehand of course it will seem like they didn't teach it to you. Not that there aren't bad jobs done at colleges etc, but don't discount that you have to familiarize yourself with subjects before you can try to understand them.
Good, if the out put is connected to a transistor base pin with proper connection then it will become a voltage regulator transistor, and also zener diodes were used for starting of electronic devices by feather touch switches.,pre determined settings for any comparator's also zener diodes were used, and zener diodes were regulating the complete globe in smps power supply put.
You are Electronics god! Hoping you can help resolve my predicament. I have been desperately looking for an answer to WHY the voltage is constant across the diode? I have read and viewed every info possible including going deep into the science of Zener diodes but no one has explained the WHY. One of the reasons mentioned is that the diode regulates its internal resistance to maintain the voltage. How and Why does that occur? Can you please explain?
my university should be giving you my tuition. professors are garbage. thank you so much. my lecture on this after never seeing a diode, was literally... "ok well, theres a voltage and a current, and its really quite simple lets move on" no examples, no explanation of anything. without your help i dont know what i would do.
I am reluctant to subscribe since it seems all online pay subscription offerings make it very difficult to unsubscribe. But great videos, great channel!
Thank you for a great video. You provided the explanation and formula for how one would calculate the current in the entire series circuit but how would you calculate the current in the diode versus the resistor?
2:37 kinda blows my mind a bit. No current through the circuit, so I = 0, but 5v through the zener diode? But ohms law says v = i * r ? I was totally tracking until this point. Please help me understand what I'm missing. This is an excellent tutorial and already I now understand how a zener works to essentially siphon off a set amount of voltage from the circuit.
@Scott * Ohm's law is not applicable in semi conductor devices. * diodes when used under reverse bias do not let the current pass through it but when the reverse bias voltage exceeds the zener breakdown voltage, the current rises abruptly due to the high value of electric field across the junction which leads to breaking of covalant bonds of the atoms present at junction and many charge carriers emerge(set free) due breakage of the covalant bonds and a high current flows through the diode. But here zener voltage is 12 volt and the reverse bias voltage is 5 volt, therefore no breakdown will occur and it won't let any current pass through it and the voltage accross it would be 5 volt due to law of conservation of energy.
Try to think about it like this: imagine the current being very small instead of zero, let's say in nanoAmps. Imagine the zener diode as a resistance with a very high value, let's say in MegaOhms. And give the resistor a value of 1Kohm. Use ohm's law as usual, and it works fine.
Circuìt Current Current flowing in a circuit V=IR 2=(1000 ohm )(I) I= 2 m A The total resistance is by the Resistor and the zener diode doesnt contribute to that resistance
In theory current does flow from neg to pos. But since we didn't know that in the beginning engineers assumed it flowed from pos to neg and that's what practical electronics is based on. Confusing?? Yes...but so is the metric system and try studying transistor hole flow theory sometime. Some things just defy logic and theories quite often get disproved over time.
Hence his use of the phrase " *conventional* current", which does go from positive to negative, despite electrons moving the other way. You think current flow is electrons, but electrons have _negative_ charge. If I give you negative money , flow of money is from you to me. That's maths and physics. So I'll tell you what, _you_ convince the _scientists_ to rewrite Physics with the charge on the electron being positive, and _then_ the engineers will follow suit. Deal?
Can you imagine the confusion that a young student would have after devouring and totally understanding your excellent tutorials on electrolytic and battery cells where it shows the current flowing INTO the cathode of the Battery (positive terminal), and then studying the electronic videos where it shows current flowing OUT OF the battery's positive terminal. We would explain it to the student as "oh, that's just conventional current". Conventional current he says ? What is that? What is flowing out of the positive terminal?" nothing is flowing out of the positive terminal son. " What do you mean nothing is flowing, why is it called a current if nothing is flowing
Very well explained. One question though, the clipped wave in the end will peak at 12v, or Vs - 12v? And would the graph be 2 curves, peaking at Vs - 12v, separated by a gap?
Final Exams and Video Playlists: www.video-tutor.net/
So i spent 5yrs at the University and no lecturer could do what you just did in few minutes. Bravo to you.
You are a great teacher. You explain things concisely, clearly and in the right order to make it easy to understand.
such a calming, informative and easy to understand video about Zener diodes. Step by Step guiding us with a relief
hello, i am a student in avionics systems and have found it hard to find any good explanation but must tell you that this is by far a very good explanation, thank you very much for the video, i will certainly look for more on you're channel.
O_O i am a student of class 12th in india ( amazing that 12th study is used in engineering )
thats why everyone studies in school till 12th grade. we even use addition and other basic mathematical operations in higher studies that we learnt in 1st grade@@sambhavkumar3865
Your methods of explanations in basically all your videos have carried me in my courses of electrical / electronics theory. Thank you!
I've been confused with this topic for weeks...read the whole chapter too, still left me confused. Professor himself was confused what he was doing. Your 11 minute video cleared that all up. Thank you!
I was studying electronic 20 years ago and I didn't like as I didn't understand. Now I try to truly understand by searching in this TH-cam, and I now understand it very easy.
My Electronics course uses the book "Microelectronic Circuits" by Sedra & Smith.
I am not really a fan of that book, since I find it dry and long-winded.
I tend to prefer "Fundamentals Of Microelectronics" by Razavi - it's not QUITE the same content, but it's very similar, and includes typical topics such as diodes, transistors, small-signal models, rectifier circuits, and so on.
It doesn't include zener diodes though, but it has a teaching style that I definitely prefer over Sedra & Smith.
And also, Razavi himself has tons of videos on several Electronics courses, and has a pedagogical style much like The Organic Chemistry Tutor.
Really cleared up the mystery surrounding zener diodes for me. Really appreciate the vid!
Current flows from negative post of battery to positive post. In a Forward biased diode, current flows against the arrow. You're backward in your theory.
@@lawrencebaxter9448 this uses conventional flow, + to -
Thanks so much for making this video! I was unclear what would happen when 2 diodes are placed back to back and your explanation made total sense. All the best to you and take care!
Dear Sir, you are a genious bcause despite being a organic chemistry tutor you know everything about Electronics which is totally different discipline
Thanks for helping us to rectify our misunderstandings! All of your videos are wonderful, and thank you so much for making and sharing all of them.
Test in 4 hours and this is a savior. Thank you!
Hope you're test went well..
@@Aspiringactor02 are you sure xD xD
How’d the test go!
how was the test?
i have an exam in 2 days, this cleared up alot of things, thank you
How did your exam go?
@@bojangorgioski6353 Yeah that makes sense, but I’m always curious to know. I started replying to “Thanks, I have an exam coming up!”-type comments a while ago, and it’s led to some cool conversations…
1 hour for me
I’ve already noticed that people who have this kind of voice, the way the explain stuff is outstanding. I think about Brad Traversy.
For the first time in my life realized about the zener diode🙏🙏🙏❤️❤️❤️
Same here 😀
I'm sure my teacher didn't teach me but you teach me . you are good teacher . God bless you.
Perfect !!!
No other video can explain zener in such a simple n perfect manner
Simplicity rocks 🎉
Fantastic explain .. my first teacher in IT engineering collage❤
Althouh Zener Diodes are a bit old-school, they do have some modern applications. Back in the 80's, I worked on the first Transatlantic Fiber Optic Cable (TAT-8). It had repeaters every 25 Kilometers or so. The power for all the repeaters was several thousand Volts with each repeater having a Zener of the Voltage needed to power the Repeater in series with the Power. Think of it as a High Voltage supply with a string of Zeners in series with the output, each repeater having it's own Zener with the voltage and current being taken off across each Zener. Quite a simple setup, but it worked quite well.
Its the best chanel on youtube for clearing concepts . Hats off😍😍
A very good lesson, even for someone with a weak English like me...
Who is this guy,i have seen mulitple subjects and all of my problems are solved just by one guy,how much knowledge does he have haha
I wish you were my professor. Your videos help me a lot.
Thanks for the videos. Very easy to understand. Just started getting into electrics and this is very helpful.
Good video on the zener diode Given the high voltage noted in the DC 50V example, you should have spent a moment to discuss P=I*V and the importance of the power ratings of the resistors. Some novice viewers might replicate this circuit on a breadboard using an improper 1/4W (.250) resistor and be alarmed by the magic smoke.
youre content is life saving, THANK YOU!
If you are NOT in some school teaching, someone is not doing their job correctly.
TH-cam is a school, and he is certainly teaching.
Schools frown upon people with understanding teaching.
They prefer people who needed to go to college and memorize answers without understanding to get an expensive piece of paper known as a "college diploma". 🙄
The zener diode serves as a voltage regulat.
If the input voltage is less than the Zener volatge.No current will flow ❤
I wish I found you 2 years ago so that this day would be different I was not afraid of this day so that I was not scared of what is going to happen next . I wish I found you before and thank you for what you have taught me still in 6 months
Thank you very much from France, I had on one of my schematics at te output of one op amp 2 Zeners back to back as you show at the end of your video and I was wondering wat they were for, and now I understand Thank you so much keep going the same way.
Hello
I assume the source of AC signal should be 40v pp to get this output. Otherwise the outcome would be 12.6v pp.
Thank you very much. That last circuit explanation helped me a lot!
I made my own 2 amp regulator using a zener , saved buying a to3 cased lm 780x device, just have to stick to a fixed input and output voltage so not to over current the zener.
Resistance Voltages
The voltages in the circuit have to add up to the voltages of the battery
So in Example 3..It will be 50V-12V=38 V
thanks mate this was a great video. nice to see it in the basic series circuit and then put into AC like that. i think the order you showed things is just the right way to do it. this is going into my permanent stash of educational resources
Yes, I have learned a thing or two from your video!
Thanks a lot for showing me alone a difference
Very clear explanation of zener diodes. Thank you.
Excellent tutorial. The zener is underestimated in the age of the parasitical 78XX and it's siblings
A great introduction to Zener diodes. Thanks a lot!
great video. you are a good teacher.
Thanks sir I really enjoy your lecture
This video is made for dummies like me. Thank you n happy Thanksgiving ☺️
Awwww..... don't call yourself that🥺🥺
How come college professors in engineering can't explain this clearly? I know, it's just a rhetorical question.
They take special courses in making clear subjects unintelligible.....
Мне казалось, что такое бывает только в России. Я ошибался :)
To be able to easily explain something, you must first fully understand it yourself.
@@rozwell69 Einstein said, if you can not explain clearly, you don't understand it very clear.
I always see comments like this. And I always think.. then you've seen it once before then if you mention school. If you (someone) went to college with out any knowledge of the subject beforehand of course it will seem like they didn't teach it to you. Not that there aren't bad jobs done at colleges etc, but don't discount that you have to familiarize yourself with subjects before you can try to understand them.
My favorite tutor
And the channel's name is literally Organic Chemistry Tutor...
I wish you were my lecturer 47 years ago!
Very comprehensive and easy to understand.
yoo you literally got every topic i wanted to learn. thanks
this guy might actually save my end sems
Thanks for your video it helps my channel grow.
Good, if the out put is connected to a transistor base pin with proper connection then it will become a voltage regulator transistor, and also zener diodes were used for starting of electronic devices by feather touch switches.,pre determined settings for any comparator's also zener diodes were used, and zener diodes were regulating the complete globe in smps power supply put.
So, in summary, can we say that a Zener diode acts as a voltage regulator?
Yes
Yeah it's called voltage regulator or breakdown diode
Yeah on breakdown it behave as a voltage source
Thank you 😊 excellent and simple teaching 👏
You are Electronics god! Hoping you can help resolve my predicament. I have been desperately looking for an answer to WHY the voltage is constant across the diode? I have read and viewed every info possible including going deep into the science of Zener diodes but no one has explained the WHY. One of the reasons mentioned is that the diode regulates its internal resistance to maintain the voltage. How and Why does that occur? Can you please explain?
Well done 👏✔ Tnx a lot. You are the best teacher. 👌
my university should be giving you my tuition. professors are garbage. thank you so much. my lecture on this after never seeing a diode, was literally...
"ok well, theres a voltage and a current, and its really quite simple lets move on"
no examples, no explanation of anything. without your help i dont know what i would do.
I am reluctant to subscribe since it seems all online pay subscription offerings make it very difficult to unsubscribe. But great videos, great channel!
Really appreciate......the examples are very useful and valuable.
Thank you for a great video. You provided the explanation and formula for how one would calculate the current in the entire series circuit but how would you calculate the current in the diode versus the resistor?
like damn ... i couldnt understand my professor ... but this, makes it look easier
Very good explanations,not very often seen on You tube..Thanks.
Thank you for Simplifying this for me. I Liked and Subscribed!
Man you took me through highschool and now through uni
2:37 kinda blows my mind a bit. No current through the circuit, so I = 0, but 5v through the zener diode? But ohms law says v = i * r ? I was totally tracking until this point. Please help me understand what I'm missing. This is an excellent tutorial and already I now understand how a zener works to essentially siphon off a set amount of voltage from the circuit.
same scott
@Scott
* Ohm's law is not applicable in semi conductor devices.
* diodes when used under reverse bias do not let the current pass through it but when the reverse bias voltage exceeds the zener breakdown voltage, the current rises abruptly due to the high value of electric field across the junction which leads to breaking of covalant bonds of the atoms present at junction and many charge carriers emerge(set free) due breakage of the covalant bonds and a high current flows through the diode.
But here zener voltage is 12 volt and the reverse bias voltage is 5 volt, therefore no breakdown will occur and it won't let any current pass through it and the voltage accross it would be 5 volt due to law of conservation of energy.
Try to think about it like this: imagine the current being very small instead of zero, let's say in nanoAmps. Imagine the zener diode as a resistance with a very high value, let's say in MegaOhms. And give the resistor a value of 1Kohm. Use ohm's law as usual, and it works fine.
my lecturer i love him
great video...
thank you....
😍
Great discussion of zener diodes; I wonder in a processor chip whether these zener diodes and thermistors are the major elements?
Thank you so much for this.
If you were using a mouse to draw these, then I have to say, what a pro!
He's using a digital drawing board, you can hear it.
Circuìt Current
Current flowing in a circuit
V=IR
2=(1000 ohm )(I)
I= 2 m A
The total resistance is by the Resistor and the zener diode doesnt contribute to that resistance
Crazy awesome tutorials. Good job man ✌
This is an excellent tutorial.
You must be an engineer I have always learned current flows from negative to positive!
what
Wtf
In theory current does flow from neg to pos. But since we didn't know that in the beginning engineers assumed it flowed from pos to neg and that's what practical electronics is based on. Confusing?? Yes...but so is the metric system and try studying transistor hole flow theory sometime. Some things just defy logic and theories quite often get disproved over time.
Hence his use of the phrase " *conventional* current", which does go from positive to negative, despite electrons moving the other way.
You think current flow is electrons, but electrons have _negative_ charge.
If I give you negative money , flow of money is from you to me. That's maths and physics.
So I'll tell you what, _you_ convince the _scientists_ to rewrite Physics with the charge on the electron being positive, and _then_ the engineers will follow suit. Deal?
Excellent!
Good vedio to understand the zener diode in small time
Very good teaching style. What will happen if we don't apply R-1k ohm?
Fine, got the picture, thanks. Tho, my current flows from negative to positive against the arrow.
Follow the electron flow... lol Dr. K.
Excellent tutorial.
Thank you
Thanks, your a absolute legend!
I can't believe i took a week to read a book when it all can be compressed in 11 minutes (or even 7m 20s with 1,5 speed)
This is great and very understandable
Thank you sir.
Sir pls what if the zener diode was in forward bias
Excellent
clear explanation thank you sir
Thanks a lot! That was pretty easy to learn this 👍🏻
Can you imagine the confusion that a young student would have after devouring and totally understanding your excellent tutorials on electrolytic and battery cells where it shows the current flowing INTO the cathode of the Battery (positive terminal), and then studying the electronic videos where it shows current flowing OUT OF the battery's positive terminal. We would explain it to the student as "oh, that's just conventional current". Conventional current he says ? What is that? What is flowing out of the positive terminal?" nothing is flowing out of the positive terminal son. " What do you mean nothing is flowing, why is it called a current if nothing is flowing
Believe it or not, the Navy is the only entity that shows current flowing correctly in a circuit.....
@@maskedmarvyl4774 fascinating
Very well explained.
One question though, the clipped wave in the end will peak at 12v, or Vs - 12v? And would the graph be 2 curves, peaking at Vs - 12v, separated by a gap?
Ive learned more than one or two thank u so very much
This video helps even highschool students in Africa to understand
They are smarter than you
You should’ve explained how it acts as voltage regulator and basic internal structure of zener diode !
Amazing video!!!! Absolutely fantastic!
why would the forward biased diode have -0.6v in the example at 9:46?
Your videos are very useful. Thanks
Nice explained!
thank you for all
Q. what is breakdown voltage for reverse bias for normal diode?
Great tutorial video!
U r great.....u saved my day 😎😎😎😎
great video :3
Beautiful tutorial!