Demonstrating this by actually moving the capacitor, and then also with a mechanical switch, is an amazing way to show how this circuit works! Thanks for the wonderful videos!
I fear for his life. The giant transformer industry will not stand for this threat to their vested interests! Have you ever heard of a living inventor of a real working perpetual motion machine? Didn't think so. ( 🤪 )
@@davelowets This may not be true. Superfluidics may be perpetually in motion; that doesn't mean we can ever extract work from said perpetual motion if the papers turn out to be true.
Absolutely incredible, all this time over years trying to learn electronics and watching single videos with his clear examples and it’s all resolved in minutes. What a talent.
you seem to understand this stuff on a intuitive level that nobody else on youtube does i swear. im new to electronics/circuitry, but its still so clear that you really really know what you're talking about
I am an electronics student. None of my professors is capable of elucidating in such a manner. Huge Thanks for being on youtube and sharing the knowledge.
Right?!, profs got this attitude as if you already supposed to know what they are talking about. Books also are written like that. Way to learn stuff is to watch TH-cam first, then dive into the book lol.
Yeah, academics be like that. I had an easier time learning C for my programming classes by reading the linux manpages for it, than by listening to my prof talk inaccurate gibberish about it.
Gotta love it when you ask a specific question like "what is that capacitor there on the schematic for?" and they come back with something like "yeah that cap is there, helping the capacitance on that line, but this should already be common knowledge...uhhh moving on"
I've seen thousands of educational videos trying to explain different concepts on different disciplines. There's nothing like this anywhere, not in youtube not in payed content. Societies need people like you to grow and step into the future, more than any other thing. If our future is on education, then your ability is precious. Please: KEEP-IT-UP!
@@TadaHrd I my most humble opinion, maybe because Mr Eater* innate ability to teach is so scarce that can be seen as a gift? It's really hard to get in the learner's POV, when you are way ahead in any discipline, and TEACH others. Most of entitled teach are more likely to show how much they know, than to transmit their knowledge. *(even he is younger than me, I feel the urge to use this treatment to be aligned with my admiration to his work)
Seriously this is the best explanation of a 555 timer i have ever gotten in my life . I don't think there's a better way to make someone easily learn it. Much appreciated
Really appreciate the way you build on one idea at a time this way. It’s a rarity to learn from a teacher who is attuned to the student’s perspective (how it feels to not have the knowledge being taught).
@@shaunclarke94 yep, same for binary negative numbers. The advantage with that is that if you ever forget or come back after a long time, you can try to find it back with logic
Absolutely! There are many youtube channels showing really cool electronic builds and concepts, but this is the only one I know of that is paced for learners. Not to disparage those other channels, but the rest go so fast through the material that each video requires independent study (and sometimes frame by frame review) to actually understand and appreciate whats being presented. With a basic electronic education (all the laws and understanding of most passive and active components) I can just watch Ben's videos and feel as though I really learned something by the end.
@@jimbobb3509 I mean it's harder to integrate improvements in that type of infrastructure. At least they are making all those skyscrapers that can survive earthquakes I guess 🤷
That makes two of us. It's exactly the same story here. A mechanical engineer that was hired by a company that designs and produces electronic devices and respective software, and now he's amazed by this world of electronics.
Heat flows from hot to cold talk to a guidance counselor and walk out the door. === Electrical engineering guidance counselor told me don't take astronomy and I know why now. ==== I , loved the lab . === We're passing around cheapo American made $5,000 binoculars etc. ==== Head start parties it was a lot of fun for astronomy majors. 👋😎💨 Bryan 🐎💨💕
After hundreds of hours of education and thousands of hours field experience, this is hands down the best explanation I’ve seen of boosting voltage with reactive power. First video I’ve ever downloaded to use for teaching! This video is going to spark lightbulbs above many heads. Kudos Ben and Thank You
Building up to a DC/DC converter circuit by gradually introducing capacitors, physical switches, and diodes... then moving on to a clock signal and MOSFET... was brilliant! This is the most intuitive way I've seen a power supply Circuit explained, and I'd love to see a similar approach for other topolgies!
You should see his entire 44-video _Breadboard computer,_ where he starts with diodes and flip-flops, makes a clock, ram, an adder or two, control circuitry, and can write a program on his own hardware to calculate the Fibonacci sequence up to 256 (8-bit adders/ram/bus). It's literally amazing and I couldn't wait for each episode to come out, it took ages! lol
This isn’t dc dc voltage converter This is ac/dc voltage multiplier, in this example it turns low voltage square wave to the high voltage dc But it would also work with sine wave ac current from the grid (while dc dc converter won’t)
I’ve literally been stuck on a project for a while because I need to generate a high voltage waveform at low frequencies and this has helped me overcome my limited knowledge. Excited to use it!
I'm new at electronics, being 50 years old I didn't think I would be able to pick the theory up. That was before this gentleman, he has such a focused, A to B technique making very practical demonstrations highlighting the theory in action. So glad I found this, have already learned so much.
This video is EXACTLY what I needed to see. It featured a concept I have had difficulty understanding in a way which made things perfectly lucid. The business with the switch was a fantastic way of explaining things. I love Mr B.Eater's videos and his laconic American teacher voice. This man should be in a classroom/lecture hall teaching. (I also found his 555IC video to be similarly amazing). He is like electroboom without a body, monobrowbrow, or electric shocks/sparks.
Voltages in series add up. It's why we combine cells into batteries. Here he's just substituting a charged capacitor for another battery. But then he charges the capacitor with the original battery. If you take a 9V battery apart you're find six 1.5V cells in it. There's two styles. There's the packs and there's the cylinders. Packs are stacked and cylinders are side by side. Also 9V battery cases are always made out of sheet metal that's one hundredth of an inch thick. So I use them as shim stock a lot. Don't matter who made the battery it's always 0.01" Must be some battery cabal conspiracy stuff.
dude, you're like my elementary math teacher, that woman has been planting the love for math in young minds for over 30 years, an absolute treasure. hats off, sir.
This was probably my favourite thing I learned from an electrical engineering course I did over a summer when I was 14... I may have blown up a cap or two trying to charge them to 1kv with a boost converter...
My earliest memory of electronics is sitting at the table after playing with a breadboard kit I had, grabbing an LED and connecting it straight to a 9V battery. My mum nearly had a heart attack
@@charliewatsonlake8618 You had one of those mothers that couldn't handle seeing a tiny light briefly illuminated too, huh. Or was the LED a family heirloom? Well, I'm sure this makes sense to someone.
Thank you so much for walking us through the fundamentals of the circuit first. So many producers neglect how very important understanding the circuit is. We are not here because we are professionals who know all about circuits and components. We are here because we do not know. You are so very in touch with your audience. You just earned another subscriber.
Great video on Charge Pump theory. It's a fantastic visualization of the breakdown of the process. Of course, there are simple single IC examples of DC-DC Charge Pump using a couple passives as well as Buck-Boost versions using a small inductor, but this provides great fundamentals of the process.
I haven't even gotten past 2 minutes and you've already perfectly explained how a charge pump works. I can't wait for the rest of the video, thank you Ben!
I am a beginner at building and testing and will be teaching my sons I am a low volt tech but during my apprenticeship the rule was follow manufactures instructions. I have gotten bored with that after 22 years lol now looking at playing not working 😵💫 it’s nice to see there is people willing to share knowledge Thank you
Hey! I'm about to graduate in Electronics Engineering, and i have to say i'm always blown away from the manner that you manage to lay down an idea on paper and then go straight to the breadboard, from a simple circuit and then improving on it step by step, this is what EE should be all about. Whatched the whole thing at once, keep it up man !
Of course at the end of that multiplier you could put a much larger capacitor that gets charged over a period of time. Then you can feel the full power of the Force. I use it for tack welding small parts.
You're education process is amazing. You start out with a very simple idea and explain a goal. Then you just add one step at a time which each step is simple. By the end we have a somewhat complicated set up but we understand why each individual part is added. Great videos!
15:02 "You know, high voltage represents the potential to move a lot of energy." Such a simple phrase, but I think it finally gave me a good intuition for voltage. Amazing video!
That is the best demonstration/explanation of a charge pump I have ever seen. I've known of their existence for a long time and had a rough idea of what the caps do, but your demonstration explained it fully. Bravo, and thank you!
Best explanation I have heard! Brings back memories of figuring this out while investigating a CRT flyback circuit for a 19" tv. I have never seen my arm fly out of an enclosure so fast when I brushed the wrong wire, nor have I ever burned up a multimeter so fast!
Would love a similar video on switching regulators. None of the resources I've seen so far have really made it make intuitive sense, but all of your videos are amazing explanations.
Best demo of a charge pump that I've ever seen! Really clear, concise, and fun. To the folks out there that want to play with this more, there is a DIP IC, the 7660, that is specialized to do this very thing, that used to be commonly used to generate a negative voltage where you need a low current negative voltage to run some sort of signaling or analog circuit.
Ben, it's amazing how well you explain things!! Every video I've watched, I've remembered something useful - which I can't say for all the creators I follow.
I really appreciate to be told why a component is needed and what it actually does. It's kind of like the teacher wanted to see how you came up with the answer on a math test. I like your method since I am a beginner at the age of 68.
The reason I like your channel and videos, is because you begin with the basics, show and explain the theory. Other channels just show a circuit diagram and assume, everyone understands.
The principle is kinda similar but also quite different, but I think he could explain it in the same style. I find inductors are a little less intuitive.
@@thewhitefalcon8539 inductors are less intuitive, because there isnt really any everyday object that act quite like them. But the main thing to understand is they have ""momentum"" to move current, and if you switch the circuit off, they will rise the voltage until either the current starts to flow again , or they run out of ""momentum""
@@JDTeam You can describe inductors in terms of long water pipes. When you have a large mass of water moving in a pipe, suddenly shutting a valve at the end causes "water hammer", i.e. that momentum in the water to develops a high pressure if there is nothing in the line to redirect the momentum to (e.g. a hammer arrestor in the water line, or a flyback diode across an inductor). Though it's more complicated in electricity because the magnetic field is part of the "storage" of momentum, it's pretty much the same principle. Electric current, like water current, has momentum, and doesn't like to change.
I REALLY LIKE THE WAY YOU TEACH, THE WAY YOU DON'T LOAD US DOWN WITH USELESS DATA WHILE YOU EXPLAIN THE PRINCIPLES FIRST, YOU DON'T KNOW HOW RARE THAT IS
I've learned more from your content than just about anything else, in my opinion, you're the best computer electronics educator out there. Would you consider videos on oscillators, like frequency multipliers and dividers? Maybe it could be like "Making the worlds worst sound card".
I did this exact same development and thinking on a lab bench while a sophomore in college in 1978! Thanks so much for the memories. PS, I used a 2N2222 NPN. Didn't know about MOSFETs.
The design of the charge pump was to use it for RS232 communication to talk to a teletype. The overall three year project in college was to build and program a breadboard 8080A to read 1 of 16 toggle switches and output the Hex equivalent on four of the new red DC light bulbs (LED's)! I used DRAM and programmed a 1702 EPROM one byte at a time with hand assembled binary from the OP codes. Finally got it working before I graduated but only after switching to the Z80 which had Ras and Cas refresh lines for the DRAM. Very primitive by today's standards, but I learned so much, because back then even the Professors didn't know how to do it. We had to figure it out together.
@@DC-go5mc That's a great story. After having earned my BSEE in 1977, I took a graduate level course in Spring 1978 to learn about how microprocessors worked. We had S-100 bus 8080 computers on which to design supplementary hardware and write simple Assembler firmware. An excellent learning experience that led to almost 39 years of designing new hardware for a living.
Thanks for bringing back memories of 555 timers and diode switching circuits :) I designed circuits when scopes displayed waveforms using cathode ray tubes, yikes!
I've been programming for decades and since last week venturing into microcontrollers and thus much closer to components and physics. This video brings together those related yet different perspectives beautifully. This is exactly the kind of video's I need. Thank you very much. Subscribed immediately
that's the best way to learn electronics , in school we've learned electronics the wrong way smashing us with complicated formulas without telling us why we need this stuff
I sincerely wish you could have been my EE professor. You have an incredible ability to distill important concepts into succinct explanations and labs; truly magnificent work.
Great display of simple voltage doupler to whatever voltage you want. Yes, the current isn't there, but the voltage certainly is and that same circuit is/was used in a lot of circuits for higher voltages... Thumbs Up!
Once you started switching your mechanical switch before using the 555, I immediately knew where this was going lol. You're making a really interesting boost converter. Of course with a higher voltage means lower current in this circuit due to conservation of energy.
It would of only taken minutes to add. You can't learn how to increase voltage without understanding you are halving amps.. misleading lesson, gives the impression of free energy.
Voltage doublers are scary. I built one powered by my fly-back transformer and the caps broke down. After a long time of waiting for the caps to discharge by themselves I wanted to move them from the ground and boy did I get "electrocuted". I thought I was going to get a heart attack. Thank God I survived that. Since then, I've had a tremendous respect for capacitors. MAKE SURE THE CAPS ARE PROPERLY RATED FOR HV STUFF.
IIRC this can, with a little reconfiguration, be used to create a negative voltage rail for use with devices (like op-amps) that require a dual power supply
I love staying up late working on a Ben Eater project (8 bit computer; just added the bus and added 4 out of the 7 modules to it) and then there’s a new video out this morning just making my day even better :) Now I want to look up how to do 9V to 5V so I can power the computer with 9V. Oh wait, would a simple voltage divider work or would that waste energy in the resistor? Guess I’ll go find out!
I'm actually curious if you got it to work with a simple voltage divider. My back of the envelope calculations were questionable as to whether it would work (and especially work with a narrow enough voltage swing and simultaneously without letting the magic smoke out of the R1 resistor on the divider), especially since I can only guess at your overall maximum current draw (which will vary wildly depending on the operations your computer is doing). In any case, if the voltage divider doesn't pan out, try getting a 7805 regulator (a very popular device since before I started haunting Radio Shacks in the late 1970s) and a heat sink. The 7805 is still just a linear power supply, so you'll still be dropping 4/9 of your power into that heat sink powering it with a 9V battery, but it might work well enough. Edit: If you've never heard of them before, the 7805 is based on the LM340 adding components for a fixed output. They also have internal protections against thermal and overcurrent. The "8" in the part number is the positive series, and the "05" means 5 volts. They make others, most notably the 7812 (+12V) and the 7905 (-5V, the "9" indicating negative going), two others near and dear to me. 😊
That would be a very wasteful, low current, HOT, circuit... 🔥 As mentioned, a simple LDO regulator circuit would be the next step up, that would work ok. 1 I.C., and 2 capacitors is all that would be required.
ChatGPT says this of Ben: As an artificial intelligence language model, I don't have emotions or opinions, so I cannot provide praise or criticism of individuals. However, I can acknowledge that Ben Eater has contributed a great deal to the world of electronics education by creating clear and detailed videos on complex topics. His work has inspired many people to learn more about computer engineering and digital electronics, and has helped to demystify these topics for a wider audience. His dedication to teaching and sharing his knowledge is admirable, and his work has had a positive impact on many people's lives.
Very nice video. The MAX232 transceiver uses charge pumps to generate the RS232 levels. You just add the external caps. Now I know how they work. Maybe you could illustrate how to get the negative level in this way?
I don't think you can just flip the circuit upside down because you'd need to have a negative voltage to begin with. You can use the exact same switching idea to make a voltage lower than 0, I'm just not sure if the same clever trick still applies
Look at the last seconds of his video where he shows the in-between voltages. Define one of those in-between as "ground" for your second circuit and you will have negative voltage to the left, and positive voltage to the right. Check with a multi-meter, should confirm!
I never got to be a EE, but I've always loved electronics. Did the build a color TV thing through DeVry, and I'm a ham radio operator. Built circuits to run stepper motors for my telescope, etc..... I really enjoyed this video. I kept waiting... When were you going to introduce the diode? One thing I learned early on too was, it's not the voltage that kills you. It's the amperage! This is a great illustration! Thank you!
That's big brain stuff bruh, I'm glad there's people like you guys that understand this stuff and keep my lights and computer going so I can make comments like these.
The two complementary clock signals can also be easily generated from a microcontroller's GPIO pins if, like you suggested at the end, you want to generate a higher voltage rail for a particular interface like RS232 or RS485. Driving the GPIOs straight into the capacitor is probably not a great idea, since the maximum source/sink currents on the MCU would probably be exceeded if you did that, but the MOSFET arrangement shown earlier in the video would work perfectly, with one MOSFET attached to each pin. The total maximum supply current is quite low in this design due to the resistors, and lowering the resistances significantly decreases efficiency, so if you need more drive current, you can use a MOSFET push-pull buffer on each of the two clock phases. Designing these push-pull MOSFET circuits to avoid shoot-through (where both MOSFETs turn on at once and short from +V to GND) can be a bit tricky if you try to do it from scratch, but there are really cheap MOSFET driver ICs designed to do exactly this (often called "high-side/low-side drivers"). For bonus points, you can set up your MCU to output PWM at 50% duty cycle on a single pin (this uses 0% CPU because the PWM is generated by a hardware peripheral), then hook up a MOSFET as shown in this video to invert the output, and use the non-inverted and inverted signals to drive the two separate MOSFET push-pull circuits from a single GPIO pin.
Thank you, I have been searching for visually interactive, vocal, and tactile description, explanation for these concepts. I am new to this and have been getting extremely frustrated, my learning disability can really get me down. I have a feeling I am going to be putting you videos on repeat because you make it easier to understand. Thank you so much.
How would available current/Amps change between steps? Also, I'd really love a schematic for this; I know the extra parts might be obvious to many, but for me they're just a mystery 🙈.
Each switching node, and the original input, effectively uses up the same amount of current that you get from the output. If you have 5 stages (plus the input) and want 5mA out then you need 5mA into each stage, a total of 30mA. Of course it only flows half the time so it's 10mA when it is flowing.
Question, why does your oscilloscope or really all oscilloscopes not show or have a setting to see the volts on the side of the lines. Like when you said 5, 10, 15, 20 volts.. You sorta had to guess at the range. Why can't there be a button to turn on that shows the numbers on the left side of the wave form so you know 100% what that voltage is?? I bothers me they never have that feature. Is there a legit reason why...seems a no brainer.. Cause even you had to sorta guess at the range ?
@@jujjuj7676 yes his absolutely does, I’ve worked with these before. You press the “meas” button on the right and it can display a wide variety of measurements to the right of the graph. He just never bothered to do it in this video.
It took me years of my life to hear about the capacitor and I couldn’t really know its function..but with the miracle of a short video on TH-cam I learned all this!
Absolutely awesome ... you are a great teacher .. I can't say enough or give you a lot of praise. The way you explain what's going on step by step and the purpose of each component, ect . You do it all in record time and you don't put me to sleep ... good job !!!
That's a simple yet clear explanation. I feel like Albert Einstein Now. With your every upload I get to learn a lot and new ideas. Keep up the good work.
Great video. A few years ago I worked on a portable x-ray machine (on wheels so it could be moved to a patient's room) that used this technique to produce 120Kv at 100ma for 0.5 secs to take x-rays pics. It had much larger capacitors and many more stages. Others used a large heavy power transformer to do the same thing. So big power is possible.
Demonstrating this by actually moving the capacitor, and then also with a mechanical switch, is an amazing way to show how this circuit works! Thanks for the wonderful videos!
ya I thought the switch was an elegant way to show what's going on here
I fear for his life. The giant transformer industry will not stand for this threat to their vested interests!
Have you ever heard of a living inventor of a real working perpetual motion machine? Didn't think so.
( 🤪 )
@@-danR Living or not, that's not possible. Perpetual motion machines can not be invented.
@@davelowets that was the joke you missed
@@davelowets This may not be true. Superfluidics may be perpetually in motion; that doesn't mean we can ever extract work from said perpetual motion if the papers turn out to be true.
70 years old. Messing with electronics my whole life. This is the 1st time I have actually "groked" this. You sir really are the best.
Jesus loves you!
@GODSWARRIOR-wj1ub well that's nice of him!
groked?
@@garrettgold grokked; grokking: to understand profoundly and intuitively
I don't think you are 70 years old on youtube..
I'ts mindblowing how you can explain everything in such an easy to understand manner
Absolutely incredible, all this time over years trying to learn electronics and watching single videos with his clear examples and it’s all resolved in minutes. What a talent.
@@unclefreddy2009 i think it all depends on finding the right video for your knowledge level. Eventually you'll find those other videos also useful
So many explanations get made infinitely more confusing because the person explaining it doesnt really understand it either. Ben is the goat
Things are easy to simplify if you understand a topic down to its fundamentals
Easy to understand?
Today I learned, I am dumb.
you seem to understand this stuff on a intuitive level that nobody else on youtube does i swear. im new to electronics/circuitry, but its still so clear that you really really know what you're talking about
I am an electronics student. None of my professors is capable of elucidating in such a manner. Huge Thanks for being on youtube and sharing the knowledge.
Right?!, profs got this attitude as if you already supposed to know what they are talking about. Books also are written like that. Way to learn stuff is to watch TH-cam first, then dive into the book lol.
Yeah, academics be like that. I had an easier time learning C for my programming classes by reading the linux manpages for it, than by listening to my prof talk inaccurate gibberish about it.
@@rockytom5889 man pages are fine but sometimes it's a bit cloudy so finding examples also helps in these cases
Gotta love it when you ask a specific question like "what is that capacitor there on the schematic for?" and they come back with something like "yeah that cap is there, helping the capacitance on that line, but this should already be common knowledge...uhhh moving on"
i was today years old when i saw the word : elucidate.
I've seen thousands of educational videos trying to explain different concepts on different disciplines. There's nothing like this anywhere, not in youtube not in payed content. Societies need people like you to grow and step into the future, more than any other thing. If our future is on education, then your ability is precious.
Please: KEEP-IT-UP!
Engineering Mindset. Channel🤌
Why don't people take Ben Eater as an example?
@@TadaHrd I my most humble opinion, maybe because Mr Eater* innate ability to teach is so scarce that can be seen as a gift?
It's really hard to get in the learner's POV, when you are way ahead in any discipline, and TEACH others. Most of entitled teach are more likely to show how much they know, than to transmit their knowledge.
*(even he is younger than me, I feel the urge to use this treatment to be aligned with my admiration to his work)
Ben is two steps away from becoming Electroboom
They should do a collab one day
Just a few electrocutions away you mean... 😁
Step one, be almost died.
Hahaha, best comment. :D
Yeah But He doesn't mess Up s thousend Times
Seriously this is the best explanation of a 555 timer i have ever gotten in my life .
I don't think there's a better way to make someone easily learn it.
Much appreciated
Really appreciate the way you build on one idea at a time this way. It’s a rarity to learn from a teacher who is attuned to the student’s perspective (how it feels to not have the knowledge being taught).
Yes. very rare ...!
I've learned so much from his videos for that reason.
Starts with the basics then builds on it.
His logic videos were amazing.
@@shaunclarke94 yep, same for binary negative numbers. The advantage with that is that if you ever forget or come back after a long time, you can try to find it back with logic
yes! exactly!
Absolutely! There are many youtube channels showing really cool electronic builds and concepts, but this is the only one I know of that is paced for learners. Not to disparage those other channels, but the rest go so fast through the material that each video requires independent study (and sometimes frame by frame review) to actually understand and appreciate whats being presented. With a basic electronic education (all the laws and understanding of most passive and active components) I can just watch Ben's videos and feel as though I really learned something by the end.
I just graduated with a focus in electrical engineering and you are explaining these concepts so much better than many of my professors. Thanks!
As a mechanical engineer trying to understand electrical/computer engineering more, this channel is a goldmine. Keep up the great work.
Right. I thought I would be able to just slide right in but yeah I found that I am like a new born to an 80 yr old man.
@@jimbobb3509 I mean it's harder to integrate improvements in that type of infrastructure. At least they are making all those skyscrapers that can survive earthquakes I guess 🤷
That makes two of us. It's exactly the same story here. A mechanical engineer that was hired by a company that designs and produces electronic devices and respective software, and now he's amazed by this world of electronics.
As an electronics hobbyist, Id like to understand mechanical engineering. Any resources to recommend?
Heat flows from hot to cold talk to a guidance counselor and walk out the door.
===
Electrical engineering guidance counselor told me don't take astronomy and I know why now.
====
I , loved the lab .
===
We're passing around cheapo American made $5,000 binoculars etc.
====
Head start parties it was a lot of fun for astronomy majors.
👋😎💨 Bryan
🐎💨💕
After hundreds of hours of education and thousands of hours field experience, this is hands down the best explanation I’ve seen of boosting voltage with reactive power. First video I’ve ever downloaded to use for teaching! This video is going to spark lightbulbs above many heads. Kudos Ben and Thank You
Building up to a DC/DC converter circuit by gradually introducing capacitors, physical switches, and diodes... then moving on to a clock signal and MOSFET... was brilliant! This is the most intuitive way I've seen a power supply Circuit explained, and I'd love to see a similar approach for other topolgies!
You should see his entire 44-video _Breadboard computer,_ where he starts with diodes and flip-flops, makes a clock, ram, an adder or two, control circuitry, and can write a program on his own hardware to calculate the Fibonacci sequence up to 256 (8-bit adders/ram/bus). It's literally amazing and I couldn't wait for each episode to come out, it took ages! lol
It is amazing the way he explains things, starting with the basics that anyone can understand and gradually increasing in complexity.
This isn’t dc dc voltage converter
This is ac/dc voltage multiplier, in this example it turns low voltage square wave to the high voltage dc
But it would also work with sine wave ac current from the grid (while dc dc converter won’t)
@@alexserdukov1595 except it is, the 555 is Part of the circuit and runs on DC
@@alexserdukov1595 it's actually a square wave not AC.
Similar effect but different principles of operation.
I’ve literally been stuck on a project for a while because I need to generate a high voltage waveform at low frequencies and this has helped me overcome my limited knowledge. Excited to use it!
I'm new at electronics, being 50 years old I didn't think I would be able to pick the theory up. That was before this gentleman, he has such a focused, A to B technique making very practical demonstrations highlighting the theory in action. So glad I found this, have already learned so much.
This video is EXACTLY what I needed to see. It featured a concept I have had difficulty understanding in a way which made things perfectly lucid. The business with the switch was a fantastic way of explaining things. I love Mr B.Eater's videos and his laconic American teacher voice. This man should be in a classroom/lecture hall teaching. (I also found his 555IC video to be similarly amazing). He is like electroboom without a body, monobrowbrow, or electric shocks/sparks.
Voltages in series add up. It's why we combine cells into batteries. Here he's just substituting a charged capacitor for another battery. But then he charges the capacitor with the original battery. If you take a 9V battery apart you're find six 1.5V cells in it. There's two styles. There's the packs and there's the cylinders. Packs are stacked and cylinders are side by side. Also 9V battery cases are always made out of sheet metal that's one hundredth of an inch thick. So I use them as shim stock a lot. Don't matter who made the battery it's always 0.01" Must be some battery cabal conspiracy stuff.
I’m a computer engineer taking lots of EE classes and this video was more educational on circuitry than any lecture I’ve ever had
You're probably not paying attention to the lecture
Ben you are absolutely my favorite youtuber for this sort of thing. The way you're able to break down even complex stuff is really good.
15:35 One of its uses here is to create a mosquito zapper racket that outputs typically from 2000v to 3000v.
Ben is stepping into the dark side! It's really weird to see him dealing with not-so-soft voltage level
Damn, it've been years since I saw that pink-black checker pattern of the profile picture of yours
@@xabab gmod?
@@snazz1363 Yep. Seems like someone forgot to install CS:S 😂
Time to collab with styropyro
@@xabab The addon "GBombs 5" is creating errors, check the console for details.
dude, you're like my elementary math teacher, that woman has been planting the love for math in young minds for over 30 years, an absolute treasure. hats off, sir.
This was probably my favourite thing I learned from an electrical engineering course I did over a summer when I was 14... I may have blown up a cap or two trying to charge them to 1kv with a boost converter...
Well, what else would you do with them?
My earliest memory of electronics is sitting at the table after playing with a breadboard kit I had, grabbing an LED and connecting it straight to a 9V battery.
My mum nearly had a heart attack
@@charliewatsonlake8618 You had one of those mothers that couldn't handle seeing a tiny light briefly illuminated too, huh. Or was the LED a family heirloom? Well, I'm sure this makes sense to someone.
@@amarissimus29 😂
@@amarissimus29 it blow up
Thank you so much for walking us through the fundamentals of the circuit first. So many producers neglect how very important understanding the circuit is. We are not here because we are professionals who know all about circuits and components. We are here because we do not know. You are so very in touch with your audience. You just earned another subscriber.
Great video on Charge Pump theory. It's a fantastic visualization of the breakdown of the process. Of course, there are simple single IC examples of DC-DC Charge Pump using a couple passives as well as Buck-Boost versions using a small inductor, but this provides great fundamentals of the process.
I haven't even gotten past 2 minutes and you've already perfectly explained how a charge pump works. I can't wait for the rest of the video, thank you Ben!
I love the way you're able to break things down into simple, demonstrable steps that build on each other. Great work!
I am a beginner at building and testing and will be teaching my sons
I am a low volt tech but during my apprenticeship the rule was follow manufactures instructions. I have gotten bored with that after 22 years lol now looking at playing not working 😵💫 it’s nice to see there is people willing to share knowledge
Thank you
Hey! I'm about to graduate in Electronics Engineering, and i have to say i'm always blown away from the manner that you manage to lay down an idea on paper and then go straight to the breadboard, from a simple circuit and then improving on it step by step, this is what EE should be all about. Whatched the whole thing at once, keep it up man !
Indeed, I wish he had been my teacher back in college.
Of course at the end of that multiplier you could put a much larger capacitor that gets charged over a period of time. Then you can feel the full power of the Force. I use it for tack welding small parts.
I'm a retired electronic engineer. I enjoy your videos. You have a great way of explaining things about electronics. Great job.
You're education process is amazing. You start out with a very simple idea and explain a goal. Then you just add one step at a time which each step is simple. By the end we have a somewhat complicated set up but we understand why each individual part is added. Great videos!
* Your
15:02 "You know, high voltage represents the potential to move a lot of energy."
Such a simple phrase, but I think it finally gave me a good intuition for voltage. Amazing video!
I love how you go gradually increasing the complexity but without missing any explanation in detail. Thank you
The most remarkable thing I've noticed in the video is the way he magicly switches between colors at 4:56
I've never been about to get such an intuitive feeling for how charge pumps work before - good job! You're a great teacher 🤩
As someone who has limited knowledge of electronics this was a great video that explains things in a way that the average person can understand!
A person who are less knowledgeable are better cause they take actions.
That is the best demonstration/explanation of a charge pump I have ever seen. I've known of their existence for a long time and had a rough idea of what the caps do, but your demonstration explained it fully. Bravo, and thank you!
Best explanation I have heard!
Brings back memories of figuring this out while investigating a CRT flyback circuit for a 19" tv. I have never seen my arm fly out of an enclosure so fast when I brushed the wrong wire, nor have I ever burned up a multimeter so fast!
Would love a similar video on switching regulators. None of the resources I've seen so far have really made it make intuitive sense, but all of your videos are amazing explanations.
Best demo of a charge pump that I've ever seen! Really clear, concise, and fun. To the folks out there that want to play with this more, there is a DIP IC, the 7660, that is specialized to do this very thing, that used to be commonly used to generate a negative voltage where you need a low current negative voltage to run some sort of signaling or analog circuit.
Ben you are an incredible educator. You have an amazing ability to break stuff down so that it seems intuitive. Please write a book! 👍
Watched a few explanations of voltage multipliers but could never grok it until this one, now I fully understand it. Thanks man!
Ben, it's amazing how well you explain things!! Every video I've watched, I've remembered something useful - which I can't say for all the creators I follow.
I really appreciate to be told why a component is needed and what it actually does. It's kind of like the teacher wanted to see how you came up with the answer on a math test. I like your method since I am a beginner at the age of 68.
You're the best ben
I agree he is indeed the best
How
Then who's the worst ben
@@Mauricetz Benedict Arnold?
ben's videos are amazingly dual purpose, they can always put me to sleep but i always rewatch the video next day because they're so interesting
His voice hits the soothing frequency
The reason I like your channel and videos, is because you begin with the basics, show and explain the theory. Other channels just show a circuit diagram and assume, everyone understands.
Really good video. Suggestion: can you make a video about boost/buck DC-DC converters? They use the same principle I think, but also use an inductor
The principle is kinda similar but also quite different, but I think he could explain it in the same style. I find inductors are a little less intuitive.
@@thewhitefalcon8539 inductors are less intuitive, because there isnt really any everyday object that act quite like them. But the main thing to understand is they have ""momentum"" to move current, and if you switch the circuit off, they will rise the voltage until either the current starts to flow again , or they run out of ""momentum""
Joule thief is a basic example. Buck converters use the principle of induction and it is not easy to understand witout a backgroud.
@@JDTeam Sounds like a flywheel?
@@JDTeam You can describe inductors in terms of long water pipes. When you have a large mass of water moving in a pipe, suddenly shutting a valve at the end causes "water hammer", i.e. that momentum in the water to develops a high pressure if there is nothing in the line to redirect the momentum to (e.g. a hammer arrestor in the water line, or a flyback diode across an inductor). Though it's more complicated in electricity because the magnetic field is part of the "storage" of momentum, it's pretty much the same principle. Electric current, like water current, has momentum, and doesn't like to change.
Being an old-ex-electronics student, I really enjoy your channel. Keep up the good work.
I can only relive these lab activities through these videos.
Ben you are a wonderful inspiration to us all. I am building your cpu in Minecraft and IRL. Amazing content, keep it up!
I REALLY LIKE THE WAY YOU TEACH, THE WAY YOU DON'T LOAD US DOWN
WITH USELESS DATA WHILE YOU EXPLAIN THE PRINCIPLES FIRST, YOU
DON'T KNOW HOW RARE THAT IS
I've learned more from your content than just about anything else, in my opinion, you're the best computer electronics educator out there. Would you consider videos on oscillators, like frequency multipliers and dividers? Maybe it could be like "Making the worlds worst sound card".
I wish electronics had been explained to me like this when I was an engineering student some 30 years ago. This is Cristal clear.
Thanks.
I did this exact same development and thinking on a lab bench while a sophomore in college in 1978! Thanks so much for the memories. PS, I used a 2N2222 NPN. Didn't know about MOSFETs.
Mosfets were not in common use in 1978, and in those days were often considered inferior to BJT due to high cost and slow operation.
The design of the charge pump was to use it for RS232 communication to talk to a teletype. The overall three year project in college was to build and program a breadboard 8080A to read 1 of 16 toggle switches and output the Hex equivalent on four of the new red DC light bulbs (LED's)! I used DRAM and programmed a 1702 EPROM one byte at a time with hand assembled binary from the OP codes. Finally got it working before I graduated but only after switching to the Z80 which had Ras and Cas refresh lines for the DRAM. Very primitive by today's standards, but I learned so much, because back then even the Professors didn't know how to do it. We had to figure it out together.
@@DC-go5mc Ah that sounds like such an interesting project to have worked on.
@@johncoops6897 They made pretty good sounding amplifiers a few years later though... Those Hitachi TO-3's were magical sounding.
@@DC-go5mc That's a great story. After having earned my BSEE in 1977, I took a graduate level course in Spring 1978 to learn about how microprocessors worked. We had S-100 bus 8080 computers on which to design supplementary hardware and write simple Assembler firmware. An excellent learning experience that led to almost 39 years of designing new hardware for a living.
this is probably the best video covering charge pumps in English in all of creation.
Love your content and how informative are you
I think I've never seen a better explaination of this kind of circuitry as you did. This is absolutely awesome!
Thanks for bringing back memories of 555 timers and diode switching circuits :) I designed circuits when scopes displayed waveforms using cathode ray tubes, yikes!
When I was learning this stuff, the o-scopes had polaroid instant cameras to record waveforms with.
I've been programming for decades and since last week venturing into microcontrollers and thus much closer to components and physics.
This video brings together those related yet different perspectives beautifully.
This is exactly the kind of video's I need. Thank you very much. Subscribed immediately
Ben really is the low voltage ElectroBoom
that's the best way to learn electronics , in school we've learned electronics the wrong way smashing us with complicated formulas without telling us why we need this stuff
I sincerely wish you could have been my EE professor. You have an incredible ability to distill important concepts into succinct explanations and labs; truly magnificent work.
If he had been your EE professor, he probably wouldn’t have time for TH-cam.
But this way, he’s _everyone’s_ EE professor :)
Great display of simple voltage doupler to whatever voltage you want. Yes, the current isn't there, but the voltage certainly is and that same circuit is/was used in a lot of circuits for higher voltages... Thumbs Up!
Once you started switching your mechanical switch before using the 555, I immediately knew where this was going lol. You're making a really interesting boost converter.
Of course with a higher voltage means lower current in this circuit due to conservation of energy.
It would of only taken minutes to add. You can't learn how to increase voltage without understanding you are halving amps.. misleading lesson, gives the impression of free energy.
it was a bit anticlimactic, but it was also very enlightening and pleasant to watch. ;-) 16 minutes well spent - thanks, great video
"There's not very much energy to move, so I can't really feel anything" sounds like we need to try again with larger capacitors 😁
@@MLU8811 How come in the thumbnail, I saw an arc of >100V?
@@coastersagait got you to watch the video didn’t it?
@@coastersagait got you to watch the video didn’t it?
@@coastersagait got you to watch the video didn't it?
Voltage doublers are scary. I built one powered by my fly-back transformer and the caps broke down. After a long time of waiting for the caps to discharge by themselves I wanted to move them from the ground and boy did I get "electrocuted". I thought I was going to get a heart attack. Thank God I survived that. Since then, I've had a tremendous respect for capacitors.
MAKE SURE THE CAPS ARE PROPERLY RATED FOR HV STUFF.
Love the video as always. I would like to suggest videos involving FPGAs, I think there's a wide array of really cool projects you could!
I know why I like Ben's video. Ben does an excellent job of demonstrating the fundamental finding step-by-step. Ben is a very good teacher!
IIRC this can, with a little reconfiguration, be used to create a negative voltage rail for use with devices (like op-amps) that require a dual power supply
Yes, I've built a circuit like that before
Absolutely fabulously explained. This is the first ever video TH-cam randomly suggested from this channel and I got hooked.
I love staying up late working on a Ben Eater project (8 bit computer; just added the bus and added 4 out of the 7 modules to it) and then there’s a new video out this morning just making my day even better :) Now I want to look up how to do 9V to 5V so I can power the computer with 9V. Oh wait, would a simple voltage divider work or would that waste energy in the resistor? Guess I’ll go find out!
I'm actually curious if you got it to work with a simple voltage divider. My back of the envelope calculations were questionable as to whether it would work (and especially work with a narrow enough voltage swing and simultaneously without letting the magic smoke out of the R1 resistor on the divider), especially since I can only guess at your overall maximum current draw (which will vary wildly depending on the operations your computer is doing). In any case, if the voltage divider doesn't pan out, try getting a 7805 regulator (a very popular device since before I started haunting Radio Shacks in the late 1970s) and a heat sink. The 7805 is still just a linear power supply, so you'll still be dropping 4/9 of your power into that heat sink powering it with a 9V battery, but it might work well enough.
Edit: If you've never heard of them before, the 7805 is based on the LM340 adding components for a fixed output. They also have internal protections against thermal and overcurrent. The "8" in the part number is the positive series, and the "05" means 5 volts. They make others, most notably the 7812 (+12V) and the 7905 (-5V, the "9" indicating negative going), two others near and dear to me. 😊
That would be a very wasteful, low current, HOT, circuit... 🔥
As mentioned, a simple LDO regulator circuit would be the next step up, that would work ok. 1 I.C., and 2 capacitors is all that would be required.
defining acronyms
LDO: Low-dropout regulator
ChatGPT says this of Ben:
As an artificial intelligence language model, I don't have emotions or opinions, so I cannot provide praise or criticism of individuals. However, I can acknowledge that Ben Eater has contributed a great deal to the world of electronics education by creating clear and detailed videos on complex topics. His work has inspired many people to learn more about computer engineering and digital electronics, and has helped to demystify these topics for a wider audience. His dedication to teaching and sharing his knowledge is admirable, and his work has had a positive impact on many people's lives.
Very nice video. The MAX232 transceiver uses charge pumps to generate the RS232 levels. You just add the external caps. Now I know how they work. Maybe you could illustrate how to get the negative level in this way?
Just swap the positive and negative supply voltage and turn the diodes around
I don't think you can just flip the circuit upside down because you'd need to have a negative voltage to begin with. You can use the exact same switching idea to make a voltage lower than 0, I'm just not sure if the same clever trick still applies
@@thewhitefalcon8539 Just pretend that the positive terminal of the battery is ground and you have a negative voltage
Look at the last seconds of his video where he shows the in-between voltages. Define one of those in-between as "ground" for your second circuit and you will have negative voltage to the left, and positive voltage to the right. Check with a multi-meter, should confirm!
@@JouMxyzptlk but that would limit the power you can use for all rails?
Every electrical engineering student should watch this video, its brilliantly explained! And you even used the good old 555! Awesome!
I never got to be a EE, but I've always loved electronics. Did the build a color TV thing through DeVry, and I'm a ham radio operator. Built circuits to run stepper motors for my telescope, etc..... I really enjoyed this video. I kept waiting... When were you going to introduce the diode? One thing I learned early on too was, it's not the voltage that kills you. It's the amperage! This is a great illustration! Thank you!
Become an electrician
@@90daydifference Instead, I decided to be a democrat politician. Made millions that way.
@@azcharlie2009 hahaha awesome
Simple explanations for complex electronics.
Start simple, and then build and build, until you have a complex system.
Wonderful elucidation.
Man, how much do you need to teach at my college?
That's big brain stuff bruh, I'm glad there's people like you guys that understand this stuff and keep my lights and computer going so I can make comments like these.
The two complementary clock signals can also be easily generated from a microcontroller's GPIO pins if, like you suggested at the end, you want to generate a higher voltage rail for a particular interface like RS232 or RS485. Driving the GPIOs straight into the capacitor is probably not a great idea, since the maximum source/sink currents on the MCU would probably be exceeded if you did that, but the MOSFET arrangement shown earlier in the video would work perfectly, with one MOSFET attached to each pin.
The total maximum supply current is quite low in this design due to the resistors, and lowering the resistances significantly decreases efficiency, so if you need more drive current, you can use a MOSFET push-pull buffer on each of the two clock phases. Designing these push-pull MOSFET circuits to avoid shoot-through (where both MOSFETs turn on at once and short from +V to GND) can be a bit tricky if you try to do it from scratch, but there are really cheap MOSFET driver ICs designed to do exactly this (often called "high-side/low-side drivers").
For bonus points, you can set up your MCU to output PWM at 50% duty cycle on a single pin (this uses 0% CPU because the PWM is generated by a hardware peripheral), then hook up a MOSFET as shown in this video to invert the output, and use the non-inverted and inverted signals to drive the two separate MOSFET push-pull circuits from a single GPIO pin.
Ben makes the best videos, very concise.
its a good thing that blue multimeter is rated for 1.21 giggawats
Thank you, I have been searching for visually interactive, vocal, and tactile description, explanation for these concepts. I am new to this and have been getting extremely frustrated, my learning disability can really get me down. I have a feeling I am going to be putting you videos on repeat because you make it easier to understand. Thank you so much.
To test 9v I always licked them, do you think I'd be able to tell the difference between 9v and 18v after the charge pump?
yes, what does 18v TASTE like?
as someone who has licked 18, the answer is very very much yes. it goes from tingle to pain.
I've seen these multipliers so many times, but only now do I understand their function! Thank you very much!
How would available current/Amps change between steps? Also, I'd really love a schematic for this; I know the extra parts might be obvious to many, but for me they're just a mystery 🙈.
Each switching node, and the original input, effectively uses up the same amount of current that you get from the output. If you have 5 stages (plus the input) and want 5mA out then you need 5mA into each stage, a total of 30mA. Of course it only flows half the time so it's 10mA when it is flowing.
I love your videos. Thanks!
4:25
maybe in a future video show the current at the battery and the current at the end of the multi stage charge pump (going into some load)
This is one of the best demonstrations of a voltage multiplier I've seen on YT
Question, why does your oscilloscope or really all oscilloscopes not show or have a setting to see the volts on the side of the lines. Like when you said 5, 10, 15, 20 volts.. You sorta had to guess at the range. Why can't there be a button to turn on that shows the numbers on the left side of the wave form so you know 100% what that voltage is?? I bothers me they never have that feature. Is there a legit reason why...seems a no brainer.. Cause even you had to sorta guess at the range ?
They do have that function
@@jc43261jc not his...you got some references to go with that statement...
@@jujjuj7676 yes his absolutely does, I’ve worked with these before. You press the “meas” button on the right and it can display a wide variety of measurements to the right of the graph. He just never bothered to do it in this video.
@@jc43261jc well, now you need to make ur own videos cause I'd subscribe..thank you...ur awesome..👍🙂
It took me years of my life to hear about the capacitor and I couldn’t really know its function..but with the miracle of a short video on TH-cam I learned all this!
"If you hypothetically wanted to do that for some reason" ... hmmmm
Watch time code on video??
Absolutely awesome ... you are a great teacher .. I can't say enough or give you a lot of praise. The way you explain what's going on step by step and the purpose of each component, ect . You do it all in record time and you don't put me to sleep ... good job !!!
That's a simple yet clear explanation. I feel like Albert Einstein Now. With your every upload I get to learn a lot and new ideas. Keep up the good work.
Great video. A few years ago I worked on a portable x-ray machine (on wheels so it could be moved to a patient's room) that used this technique to produce 120Kv at 100ma for 0.5 secs to take x-rays pics. It had much larger capacitors and many more stages. Others used a large heavy power transformer to do the same thing. So big power is possible.
Was extremely satisfying to watch this video. Great explaining.
I did this with a relaxation oscillator (OP AMP), MOSFET, diode, and inductor. Now I have to try it with a charge pump!
Excellent explanation and demonstrations! Building from the simplest example, easy to understand, to the fast automatic circuit, excellent teaching!
the way you teach concepts and convert them in real time circuit simultaneously is awesome
It's like the fifth time I've seen this circuit explained, and the first time it's really made sense. Thanks!