Lesson 4: Japanese past, present, and future tense. How Japanese verb tenses really work
ฝัง
- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 13 เม.ย. 2018
- Japanese tenses are easier than they seem. Past, present and future tense work much more like English than you think.
▼Find worksheets at: learnjapaneseonline.info/2022...
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Visit the Organic Japanese website:
learnjapaneseonline.info
Visit the Kawaii Japanese forums:
kawaiijapanese.freeforums.net
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"Whenever there's any cake around I eat it" dude same.
What if it's the whole bakery...God damn..
@@martk647 ke-kiyaaaaaa bitch!!!! 😋😋😋
@@martk647you're god damn right he'll eat it all
I’m so sad she’s passed…these videos are blowing my mind. So ridiculously helpful
I feel totally the same way, its so sad I can't thank her for all her work.
awww geez. I'm really enjoying this.
I just found this channel not long ago 😭 even though her video is already a few years ago they are incredible useful. it's so sad that she passed away.
@@Ninth-Star I feel you it is so sad
wait she passed passed? or moved on to do other things
This Lain sequel is really teaching me a lot.
良い実験ですねー
This course is revolutionary. I had just finished a course that taught the formal way of speaking and provided none of the underlying logic. Felt totally lost - until I found Dolly Sensei!
Thank you! I am glad I can help!
Completely agree. Some “purists” may be put off that it’s not a native speaker or that an ai is teaching however this is clear and logical! The idea of not using a western paradigm for teaching Japanese makes so much sense. ありがとうドリ先生
Rest in Peace. You've helped me so much.
I nearly cried when I found your series of videos. Everything is just so much more understandable. Why did no one ever teach like this?! Seriously, thank you!
I am following the Organic Japanese Lessons 1 - 20 and often when I watch the videos it doesn't sink in and I have to watch it two or three times more. Sometimes I have to pause the video and just think about it or write the sentence down or look at a verb table for instance. But when I go back to the video, eventually it clicks and your explanation solidifies it for me and makes so much sense that it fixes firmly into my mind in a way that no other explanation of the same thing from other sources I have used over the years has managed to come close. Loving this rediscovered journey!! 先生ありがとうございました。
This is exactly the right procedure. I try to explain the structure as simply and clearly as possible, but it _is_ the structure of a completely foreign language (not a close relation like French, Spanish or German). As it happens it is much more regular and logical than those languages - but it is still learning an entire linguistic structure from scratch. So It is necessary to take it slowly and keep backtracking as much as necessary. This is the foundation that everything else rests on, so it really is worth taking the time to get it solid. がんばってください。
Nice to knows I'm not slow for falling behind. I've been watching earlier vids before I watch a new lesson
How can anyone dislike this? These videos are so helpful
Thank you!
Haters gonna hate.
the like to dislike ratio is far greater than the average youtube video
arpit kumar exactly, they are very useful
@@AniRayn Players gonna play.
00:00 Introduction to the Japanese tenses
00:27 What does non-past tense mean in Japanese and English
02:46 Japanese non-past tense usually refers to future events
03:09 How to express present progressive tense in Japanese
05:08 How to form て-engine to make a continuous present
06:06 How to express past tense in Japanese
06:46 How to include relative time expression in Japanese
07:45 How to include absolute time expression in Japanese by using に particle
09:31 Worksheets for those who want to practice
ありがと!!!
You're amazing. I can't believe you don't need to be a patron to get the worksheets.
I prefer not to put learning behind a paywall, and I am grateful to my dear patrons who make it possible for me not to.
You're a very good person, I appreciate your hard work! がんばって！！
Are they still accessible? It is not working for me.
@@grez911 They are there. I just checked.
A year of studying Japanese, never have I thought of Japanese te iru form in this way. This is so revolutionary. I always have to convert it into english first to get a gist on when to use te-iru forms but with this now I dont need to. Thank you!
Sadly she's passed.
I love u Dolly! I'm learning so much with you!!
I am really happy to hear that. I love to help people learn this beautiful language.
the way of explaining is so smart
So you're telling me that this whole time I've been conjugating for continuous present, I've been using THAT いる !? It seems so obvious now, but I never made the connection. Really so much great insight on this channel
Yes. We can also use ある in certain specific circumstances, but we'll get to that later.
My mind has exploded... WOW.
I was sorely doubting whether I would learn Japanese or not. Thank you so very much for your videos.
I am so happy to be able to help.
I've been doing Japanese for a year and struggling to make much headway on grammar because nothing really explained the logic in a way that made sense, but this is perfect.
Thank you so much. I am very happy to be able to help.
Ive been studying Japanese for about 3 monthes now and these are the best most informative videos I have come across. THANK YOU.
I hope these are correct...
Present: 今、このビデオを見ている。
Past: 今日、このビデオを見た。
Future: 明日、このビデオを見る。
Yes, completely correct. Congratulations. Nice that you are using kanji at this stage too.
KawaJapa CureDolly I've been studying grammar for nearly 2 years now, but I've hit a wall. I can only retain the most basic of sentence structures, and I often use the particles incorrectly. I'm trying to "start over" using your videos. これかれもよろしくおねがいします。
I see. I really hope I can help you by presenting things more logically. The other key to retention is practice, and by that I favor interesting and assimilable material at an appropriate level. That's a difficult one because there is a serious lack of useful material at the earlier levels. It's another problem I really want to address, but I don't really have the resources right now. I have some ideas though. One thing that may help a little (if you like them) is Japanese children's songs like 犬のおまわりさん and 大きいクリの木の下で. If you find them charming you can pop them on your iPod or keitai and have them buzzing around in your brain all day. Essentially any understandable sound material will help to cement Japanese patterns into your mind. がんばってください。
Oh, I don't know how to thank you enough, I have since learned 大きいクリの木の下で, and I discovered an absolutely beautiful version of a classic children's song:
th-cam.com/video/5TtSOLsAop4/w-d-xo.html&index=1
I am now learning this one, and I'm learning to play it on the guitar too! (I already play guitar).
Everyone, do not be afraid to learn children's songs. Drop your ego, and just have fun with it!
Amen to that last sentence!
And thank you for the link. I had heard the song before but this is the best version ever!
Thank god you exist. I've been floundering for months on seemingly nothing while plugging away at random anki decks, feeling like I've stagnated. It's incredible how simple you make this. I feel like every episode I'm opening up a whole avenue to new Japanese concepts that leads directly to me having a better understanding when watching movies and attempting to read my copy of Yotsubato.
I stopped going to my japanese classes back in march and so I didn't practice for 2 months. Now that I'm in quarantine and have time to spare, I have decided to dedicate 3 daily hours to it. Your courses are simply amazing and making me see japanese in a different light!! I didn't think the grammar was _that_ hard, but now you're making it seem so logical and easy! Thank you so much for all you do!
I'm glad to hear that you are using this time to make solid progress in Japanese, and I am very happy to be able to help. がんばってください。
I've been learning Japanese for about 3 months now and I've made it probably 70% to n5. I still didn't even know what the iru was in words like tabeteiru, I just knew it meant eating. This break down is super helpful. I'll be recommending this to all my friends who want to learn the basics. RIP Cure Dolly.
I really enjoy the way you teach Japanese language. You simplify things and come from an extremely fresh perspective. Thank you for this channel and your Patreon page!
Best Japanese grammar lessons Ive ever seen and you got less than 10k subs? Unbelievable. Subbed.
Thank you. I think people are taking a little time to get accustomed to AI. Humans are rather nervous creatures.
I'm glad I found this channel, thank you so much Dolly sensei.
Amazing content, this whole series of lessons helps me a great deal.
thank you again dolly, i found the worksheet challenging but it definitely helped me imprint and understand the rules through using them.
Wow, this is golden. I am so lucky to find a teacher to explain this that way. I'm sitting here like "but of course, why didn't I notice that? It's so simple"
The worksheets help alot! It helped me understand the lessons even more looking back as I had to make the sentences myself. ありがとうございます！
@@yorugaaketara not anymore....
Your lecture as for your exercises are very efficient, thank you.
2 weeks learning with her & it's so amazing how easy is being - wish she could be back!!
This is gold! Pure gold!
I wasn't aware of the relative and absolute time rule. Thank you.
Oddly enough, I found myself involved in the worksheet more than I would have expected. That's a really nice feeling, to know you're starting to get it. So, thank you so much !
Thank you for commenting. I am not a big believer in exercises, but at this early stage I think it is good to get a little hands-on practice to make sure you've really grasped it.
Omg this is gold, you clearly know how to teach your stuff, thank u Robot-chan
It's mindblowing how well these concepts are described here. Compared to the other resources it's like the day and night.
I got sent to these videos from Jousu Juls and thought it would be cool to follow along with uploads once I caught up on her lessons. To find out that she has passed is saddening because these videos are making this process of learning the language SO much easier and I just started learning. Thank you Cure Dolly for taking the time to make these and rest in power.
Thank you so much for the worksheet! finally, I am able to say something in Japanese, I go to a Japanese course in school but I do not learn much so I am here.
been going through the 1st 5 lessons for a while now. this is still so good. I'm even learning to understand english better (as a native speaker).
I can't but think that the way that you look at language portends a real revolution in grammatical learning and education. Not only do I feel like I'm learning Japanese grammar, but more so, I feel like I'm seeing English for the first time. This clears up a mystery I've had about Esperanto, of all languages, which has a present tense that is actually a present tense, and always confused me, because it doesn't match up with the English present tense, which, as you point out here, isn't really a present tense at all, but rather, a non-past tense. What does it take to adjust the mainstream conceptualization of grammar? I feel like we need a reformation.
I think we do need a reformation. What does it take - well that's what I'm trying to find out - at least in the area of Japanese.
After two years of studying Japanese your videos are really making things clearer! Thanks so much
Praise dolly for amazing content.👍
I would like to give Dolly‘s videos a like every time I rewatch them and learn sth new!!!
Thank you so much.
"whenever there's cake around, I eat it"
What a powerful quote
This is great! In my japanese lessons i always forgot how to use ni for times - can't believe i've never heard this simple expression before!! I also realise I learned quite formal Japanese so when I was listening to Japanese speaking videos I was always confused why they weren't using "tabemasu" or "tabemashita". These lessons are exactly what I needed!
jeez, i thought i was progressing well with my jp learning but you’ve really helped out already, thanks dolly
Dyslexia became useful because it keeps trying to put "ni" as "in" which is cute cause "if you don't need 'in' in english, you don't need 'ni' in japanese"
this is just other level of teaching. Cure Dolly, Misa, Matt vs Japan and indirectly khazumoto with ajatt theory are the best teachers of japanese i ve ever found. If anyone as any recomendation please feel free to tell me !
Ahhh these videos make me so excited to learn japanese!!! I cant believe someone so talented in teaching existed... rest in peace
Amazing. So happy I came across these videos
Glad you like them!
thank you ❤
the greatest channel of the all
The fourth video and we're already talking about the -te form. This series is something special.
Very good!! Thank you!
And thank _you_
i like how you showed the Japanese way with the relative and then the absolute, Now that i know when ever i am using absolute i will use NI an when i am using relative i will not have to use the NI particle. Also, i am learning a lot from cure dolly shes one of the best Android teachers I've had lol shes way better then siri on the iPhone
This channel is blowing my mind right now! In just three days after reading the book and checking out this channel, I've learned more than 4 weeks of Genki has ever taught me. Mind blown.
Thank you so much. I am so glad I was able to help.
Thank you so much, your videos help me a lot
Thank you for commenting. I am happy to help.
the worksheets were very helpful! made the 0を and ０に make much more sense. also helped me understand why i don't always see を in every sentence
There isn't a を in every sentence, only in sentences that have a direct object. So "I eat" (わたしが) たべる has no を, zeroed or otherwise. "I eat cake" (ケーキを たべる) has a を-marked direct object. And ケーキは たべる has a ∅を.
@@organicjapanesewithcuredol49 thank you!! it's becoming clearer
This is being an awesome journey! Thank you Cure Dolly!
thank you for updating the worksheets cure shisho. I hope cure dolly is resting in peace
Awesome content I am flying through this.
Yay! がんばってください。
@@organicjapanesewithcuredol49 :)
凄いチャネルですよ。とても為になるですよ。
ありがとございます。
Thank you so much Dolly sensei. I have studied Japanese both independently and in the classroom for many years. The Te form is never taught properly and has always been the most confusing form for many native English speakers like me. Your lessons fix the flaws of trying to apply grammar rules that don't apply to Japanese. Thank you.
Sadly she's passed
Wow! Never expected Japanese to be so simple! There is no "is, are" etc, all are "iru"; and "ni" covers all japanese time prepositions!
Also, i know you said that we shouldnt feel bad if we cant subscribe to your Patreon, but its almost impossible to feel even the slightest guilt for all the work you put in for total strangers to learn Japanese. As for that, i really want to sincerely thank you. I will definitely sub to your patreon or support you once i get some form of income.
Again, ありがとうございます！
Wow this is one of the explanations I've been looking for for a decade (not looking too hard tho) but I never found it.
I'd say the only thing I would change is the strange effect of your voice, I think everyone would enjoy your natural voice.
Thanks for the lesson Dolly-sensei
It is (was) her natural voice. She's said so elsewhere.
Another amazing explanation, thank you Sensei!! ☺
Date of lesson completion:
21年10月3日
日曜日
（インド)
How is your learning going along？
On the topic of absolute time designation: what's beautiful about this is that the logic of 「に」as a particle is still consistent in this case. It holds an indirect object, with the designated time as the indirect object. 「を」still holds cake as the direct object, and the zero pronoun still works perfectly well.
Neither Dolly nor the Japanese language have changed the rules at all. This exact explanation is different, but all cars are still doing what they're supposed to!
Learning never been this fun
Thanks. All of these particles and modifiers are tricky to keep track of. I often mix them up without checking back here.
We have 5 basic logical particles and 2 non-logicals. の is a bit of an outlier (logical but doesn't work quite like the others). Those are the fundamental structural particles. The others mean simple things like "and" or "because" - similar to English. I round the logicals and non-logicals up in Lesson 8b: th-cam.com/video/dwcTI9qvO-U/w-d-xo.html
I'm not a native English and this video's helping me in learning English as well.
That's wonderful! I am happy to help!
With an absolute-time expression where に has already been taken, can we use は? Such as 火曜日は⌀-がサクラにボールを投げる? If not, how would we structure that sentence (On Tuesday, I'll throw the ball to Sakura)?
Edit: nvm, I can see it's commonplace to use multiple (に) targets in one sentence.
You're my favorite Japanese teacher on YoutYbe! One suggestion or constructive criticism would be to lower the volume on sound effects because your voice is rather low (not a bad thing). I've just noticed it in a few videos. For me, I turn my speakers up and the effects are a lot louder than your volume of speech. It's really not that bad though, thank you so much for your videos they really keep me going in my studies.
Thank you, and I am so happy to be able to help you. I seem to be distinctly audio-challenged. I try to balance the sound effects with the other audio (and usually lower their volume) but I'll try lowering them further. Somehow things don't seem to sound to me quite how they sound to humans. So precise information such as yours is very helpful to me in adjusting things.
hi! i love your videos
It is very important to realize that Japanese is written in Japanese script and its structure can only be properly understood via Japanese script. There are various ways of representing it in romaji. So しちがつ can be written in Roman letters as shichigatsu (by the most common Western system, called Hepburn), sichigatsu or sichigatu. None is an exact representation of the Japanese and each has its strengths and weaknesses. Hepburn represents the pronunciation slightly better than the others but is seriously misleading when we come to the all-important stem-system th-cam.com/video/FhyrskGBKHE/w-d-xo.html
Some time ago someone complained that I had said that the Japanese word for a minute is hun when in fact (he thought) it is fun. The truth is that while it can be approximated in roman letters as either hun or fun, the Japanese word for minute is neither hun nor fun but ふん. I will be dropping romanization altogether after a few more lessons and advise everyone to do the same.
@@organicjapanesewithcuredol49 oh alright, that makes sense! thank you very much for explaining
_Stop press - the answer sheet is now up too_ tinyurl.com/dollyanswers1 The worksheets are finally up. I am so sorry for the delay. For various reasons it was a bigger job than I anticipated. I said I had already done them in the video because at the time of recording (fairly early in the whole production process) I assumed I would have. Gomen nasai. You can find them here:
www.patreon.com/posts/18195323
You don't have to be a patron to access the post. Please scroll to the bottom for the worksheet link. Regular worksheets will be for patrons only as my Patreon is currently our Organic Japanese learning community and I will be there to help with any problems on the worksheets or anything else.
I can't find the video mentioned on "te" forms. Is that the next one, or is the link missing now? If so, could someone link it?
Thanks for the videos, really helpful.
For Relative time markers like Tomorrow, instead of no particles, could we add 'wa'?
Like "As for tomorrow, I will eat cake".
Might be a redundant addition, what do you think?
You can make just about anything into a topic if you want to. So you can say "As for tomorrow I will eat cake", or "as for cake I will eat it tomorrow" It isn't redundant and it has a variety of possible implications that are a bit more advanced than this lesson. For example, it can be stressing the point that while I will eat cake tomorrow I won't eat it today. More on this here (but it's a little more advanced): th-cam.com/video/o-hK4-qv9Yk/w-d-xo.html
@@organicjapanesewithcuredol49 Thanks for explaining and pointing me towards the advanced content! :)
Before I use Minna no Nihongo, I'll first study through your lessons so that my grammar fundamentals are solid. Making lots of notes, your videos have loads of golden nuggets.
@@kamran_desu がんばってください。
could you also use "as for" to make the time noun less absolute (like when planning a shopping list)? (e.g. かようびはけーきをたべる "As for tuesday, I'll eat cake")
You mentioned that we don't put に when it's a relative time expression. However, Tae Kim had this to say about the に next to time expressions:
While the 「に」 particle is not always required to indicate time, there is a slight difference in meaning between using the target particle and not using anything at all. In the following examples, the target particle makes the date a specific target emphasizing that the friend will go to Japan at that time. Without the particle, there is no special emphasis.
友達は、来年、日本に行く。
Next year, friend go to Japan.
友達は、来年に日本に行く。
Friend go to Japan next year.
========================
Personally, I prefer your explanation on using に when the time is non-relative instead of just saying "sometimes it's used, sometimes it's not", but what are your thoughts on him saying に is used when you want emphasis?
He also says that the copula is used for emphasis and that there is no subject in Japanese. Here is an extensive review that I made of Tae Kim's grammatical theories: th-cam.com/video/-JuHi-yKGFc/w-d-xo.html
Hi, I hope you can do a future vid about what the te-iru form really is and how it's being used in Japanese? It's confusing! :( Especially when used to express states...
Have you seen this one? th-cam.com/video/PsTsliRe2Cg/w-d-xo.html I talk about the way te-iru expresses states there and also the difference between te-iru and te-aru. A lot of the expressing states thing is based on the idea that a certain action has been done and continues to be in effect. for example, okite-iru being up and awake. Okiru is getting up and okite-iru means that one got up and that up-ness is continuing. Please watch the video for more and feel free to ask questions in the comments.
thank you!
I want to do these worksheets that you wrote up for us, but I'm not content with writing my answers in English letters... something tells me that I should take to the hiragana charts and start memorizing them all as soon as possible before I start watching these grammar videos... or should I do katakana first? And should I add my anki deck full of kanji to my daily routine here? I just want to know how I can learn everything most efficiently, and I'm sure it can't hurt if I choose to watch your videos daily whilst learning a little bit of the writing system every day, right? I'm just starting from level 0 here with no idea how to approach this language correctly. Nevertheless, I highly appreciate these videos, thank you so much Cure Dolly!
It's a good decision to learn hiragana very early. Most universities (even when Japanese is a minor subject) give students a week to learn hiragana - it really isn't hard. There are a lot of apps that you might find helpful. I use romaji in the first several lessons because I know some people put off learning kana but it isn't a good idea to do so. So first recommendation - learn them quickly. Second best (if you can't learn them quickly) learn them as you go through the first few lessons (they will support you with romaji). Hiragana is the most important. Katakana you will of course need to know but priority should go to hiragana.
Not ashamed to go back to the very basics. You can't advance without having a strong foundation, and that was such the case with my learning over the years. It was so crumbly in the middle because I did not have those strong foundations to begin with.
Beautifuly
Sensei, I have a question regarding time expressions and particles: in english 'we say I drink coffe in the morning', but in Japanese it's '朝コーヒーを飲む', the particle equivalence doesn't work in this case? Thank you very much in advance, and for your helpful videos, so far I've found them truly eye-opening!
You can use に after 朝 in your sentence as well, but it is not obligatory here (there are some cases where it is optional to use に or not in cases when it is debatable if it is relative or absolute time). And yeah, in some cases it might be different than in English.
Another awesome lesson, sensei! Just to double-check that I've understand the basics of tenses. We would say
きのうけーきをたべた
Yesterday, I ate cake, so we would use 'tabeta', yes? Could this also work if the absolute time was in the past? So if Tuesday was two days ago,
かようびにけーきをたべた
On Tuesday, I ate cake?
Yes both work. In the second one 食べた is showing that we mean last Tuesday, not next Tuesday.
Does anyone have her website materials? God I'm feeling sad that I can't ask her directly :(
Is it okay for a sentence to have 2 'ni'-s in it? Like one for time, and the other for place or person? For instance, "At 6-oclock, I'm gonna throw a waterballoon at Sakura." Would it translate as "Rokuji ni watashi ga Sakura ni waterballoon o [will throw]." Will that sound right, if the right words were used?
Yes. In fact you often have to have two (or more) にs in a sentence, or you can't say things like "I'm going to the shops to buy eggs". There is a stylistic preference for not piling up some particles but に is fine!
こんにちは、ど-り せんぱい
Just did the work sheet #1 and i think i did okay. I think i understand where i made mistakes but i had a question regarding Lesson 3 #6.
So for that question, we are supposed to do the sentence "[Sakura] sends a letter to me"
The correct final answer was "Sakura-wa, Sakura-ga watashi-ni tegamiwo okuru"
I had "Sakura-wa, Sakura-ga tegamiwo watashi-ni okuru"
Is my answer also correct or am i missing something about the correct order that the words are supposed to flow in? Thank you for your time.
PS, I saw your website and its amazing. Such a huge collection of work and for free. Your effort is greatly appreciated. Once i become more financially stable, i wouldn't mind becoming a patron. Thanks for sharing this with the world.
じゃ、また ど-り せんぱい.
Yes, your attempt is correct. The order of the nouns doesn't matter provided they are marked by the correct particles.
The important thing to remember is that we never write or say "Sakura ga" here. This "ga" is an "invisible" element that helps us understand what the Japanese is doing but is not actually used in speech or writing.
The worksheet is awesome! I've finished it in the last 2 days. Just one question, can I say 鳥が鳴く for "The bird sings"? I thought that 歌う was only for humans.
Yes that's fine - there is a song 鳥が歌う but it's true that it isn't the usual expression. We are really only concerned with the structure here, so any appropriate verb is fine.
@@organicjapanesewithcuredol49 Oh right! Thank you very much!
OHH that's what I was confused, I thought the tenses would be in the final lessons or something like that. I'm glad that in portuguese we have these non-present verbs (they all end in "r" like a raw form, andar/walk, comer/eat, beber/drink) so it made it easier to understand 😅
The cat is drinking water
ねこがみずをのんている
(I searched and it's で instead of て, is that right? I'm keeping it as て to keep it simple for me to understand, but I guess you already have a lesson for this too, I'll keep watching to know)
Yesterday the bear eat meat
きのうくまがにくをたべた
Tomorrow I will sleep
あしたねる
(That looks wrong, just "tomorrow sleep", do I need to add わたしが to it? And is ねる the right verb to sleep? I'm looking at google translate for reference so I'm pretty sure it's not accurate, and I'm avoiding kanji for now because I don't know any, should I start using them too?) Thanks again!
I don't know Portuguese, but aren't those r-ending verbs in fact infinitives, as in Spanish?
It is のんで. This will be explained in the next lesson. Once you know the rule it will be clearer. Otherwise correct.
The others are right too. あしたねる is not understandable as a sentence unless we know about the zero pronoun (without that it isn't a sentence).
あした (∅が) ねる
Tomorrow (I) sleep
If you know any kanji feel free to use them. If you don't that's all right too.
@@organicjapanesewithcuredol49 Thank you so much for helping me!! Yeah, they're infinitives! Not the same thing as non-past I guess, but it kinda helped me associating things xD but we can also use these infinitive verbs when referring to the future (I think spanish also can do that)
Thank you both for your great lessons and the worksheet :3
Could you please clarify one moment from the worksheet - can we also omit わたしに in sentence 6 for lesson 3?
Like that:
さくらはてがみをおくる
= さくらは∅がてがみを∅におくる
= さくらはさくらがてがみをわたしにおくる
No because it isn't clear from context. If it were clear from the context of the overall conversation we could. "Sakura sent a letter" does not in itself mean "Sakura sent a letter to me". If it is a reply to "how did you know that?" for example it would be clear and could be omitted.
aah, I see
I assumed, that if ∅が by default means "I", then the same logic might be applied to ∅に - i.e. if I'm saying, that Sakura sent a letter, then by default it could mean, that I was the addressee and there is invisible "to me" in this sentence, if it's not stated otherwise
so it can't be implied, that the person who is speaking is the default object of the sentence hidden beneath ∅に or ∅を?
@@lauvetau The thing to understand here - and this is super-important - is that Japanese does not work by mysterious "rules". It is pretty much predictable and common-sense. In English if we say something like "got up early this morning" or "forgot to feed the monkey" we know that unless context suggests otherwise the missing element is likely to be "I".
On the other hand, if we say "Sakura sent a letter" this does not necessarily imply "to me". It might be "to the electric company" or "to her aunt" depending on context, and with no context we just don't know anything except that she sent one. There is no "magic" about に and が here. Just common sense and the way implication works in language.
The textbooks encourage us to think in terms of obscure rules to memorize from lists. But while obviously we do have to learn things like what は and に actually mean, we should try as early as possible to understand Japanese as Language - not as an alien guessing game.
This is one reason why I advocate starting to read easy Japanese (it is very slow at first) from early on. At this stage you are not quite there, but you soon will be.
____
NOTE: We shouldn't forget though that there is one difference between "got up early this morning" etc. and the Japanese equivalent. The English is not grammatical. A grammatical element is missing. But in Japanese ∅ is a legitimate part of the grammar, just like English "it" "she" "I" etc.
PS - if we say "got a letter from Sakura", however, we will assume that it was "I" who got it. This is why the invisible ∅が defaults to "I" but the other particles don't (even though they _may_ be "I"). Because が marks the A-car which is by its nature likely to default to "I" if it is not visible _in any language,_
wow, thank you for such a detailed explanation ^_^
but never have I ever meant to be talking about some mysterious rules - on the contrary I did see some logic here.
so, if you don't mind, here is the logic I tried to use:
my native language is not English and it doesn't even belong to the family of Germanic languages. but just like Japanese it is a pro-drop one. thus the fact that subject/object can be omitted from the sentence (and still be there logically) is quite a common idea to me
so, in my native language it is grammatically normal and correct to say something like
"Sakura sent a letter"
"Tom has just called"
"Bought a new chair"
in all these examples there is a hidden "I" or "to me" of the speaker. It's not a magic "me/I", it's just simplification - by default the speaker always talks about something, that relates to them. And if it's not the case, then some context comes in
that is, if you are having a conversation with someone and they say "Sakura sent a letter", by default it would mean that "Sakura sent a letter [to me]", where "me" stands for the one who's talking to you
of course there are situations where it is hard to understand what goes under the ommited structures, but in everyday life you would just say something like
- "Tom has just called"
- "didn't you ask him not to bother you today?"
now I know that the same logic (when the speaker always means themselves not only as the subject but also as the object) doesn't work for Japanese language ＾ω＾
I forgot to mention this, but the Lesson 3 example in the worksheet confused me a bit. You put the square brackets around American but never included it as the wa marked topic of the sentence.
I ended up for each question trying to figure out what the は marked topic would be if the one in brackets was in the same place as American in your example, neither marked by は or が.
When I checked the first answer I realized my mistake and then redid the remainder.
I think it is just a typo, and the intended example sentence is actually "[I] am an American"
Will there be a video about helper verbs like yashinai “deyashinai” ,”tabeyashinai” or Any verb that uses a verb stem to make a modified verb?
Yes. I am not sure in what form it will materialize. There are a whole range of helper words that can be attached to the い-stem like this (-yasui, -nikui etc.), and this is a particular quality of the i-stem (which is also the stem to which we attach nouns to make verb-noun compound nouns - such as tabemono or tsukaikata). I would be inclined to say that once we understand the principle, understanding each particular case becomes a question of vocabulary rather than grammar.
How we deal with this sort of thing is something to which I am currently giving a lot of thought. And one idea I have is that rather than presenting them as "lists" the way the standard teaching methods do, once we have a grasp of fundamental grammar structure proceeding to examining and breaking down some simple texts and explaining what is going on as we come to it.
This is still in the air at the moment but yes, I do want to cover this kind of thing. For now, have you seen my video on the so-called "conjugations"?
th-cam.com/video/FhyrskGBKHE/w-d-xo.html
This gives an overview of the verb-stem system which is really necessary to grasp the core of what is going on in the words you mention.
My current video in this course starts introducing the stem-system gently with the あ-stem in the negative.
th-cam.com/video/KIPhvGxp43c/w-d-xo.html
KawaJapa CureDolly thank you 😊 Im looking to forward to your future videos keep up the good work
So the 'te' form is the form to use when using iru/eru?
Yes, when using them with verbs to indicate continuous action.
Here's the link to the worksheets, since the description was never updated:
www.patreon.com/posts/first-worksheet-18195323
Done
I like to think of the plain forms of English and Japanese verbs as unmarked for tense. Marking the past tense just happens to be mandatory if it's something that happened in the past.
We can definitely model it that way, but since, as you say, past-tense marking _is_ mandatory, non-past seems to be a more informative definition. In Japanese some verbs really are unmarked for tense - for example, when in て-form connecting to a second clause. This means we actually don't know if something is past or present/future until we get to the final verb of the overall sentence.
hello! i'm not sure if you'll see this but i have a question. my teacher at university explained absolute and relative time nouns in a very similar way, but she said that に is only added to a weekday (such as 土曜日) when we want to add emphasys. is that right?
your videos are so helpful. thank you so much!
に is certainly used with weekend days very often, I don't know if there is any tendency not to use it.
@@organicjapanesewithcuredol49 oh, thank you so much for your answer! got it!
I suspected いる/ある and だ couldn't both redundantly mean "is".
Once I looked up the difference, I found some blog saying that いる/ある are verbs which indicate presence rather than だ existence.
And if て form is the white adverb engine. Is the following correct?
Dog[Subject] -> 犬が
eat-ly[Adverb] -> 食べて
emits animate presence[Verb] -> いる
Can verbs with る or た be white adverb engines? What's the rules behind this?
> I found some blog saying that いる/ある are verbs which indicate presence rather than だ existence. Seriously? People this ignorant shouldn't be writing blogs and spreading it to other people! We really need some intellectual distancing here! Let's look at the root of this confusion.
In English the copula and the verb of being happen to be the same word (is/are/am etc), They are in fact two quite different functions. They are only confused in Japanese because people still have one foot in English.
The copula だ is not the verb of being. It is a one way equal-sign that tells us that NounA = NounB (Sakura IS Japanese person etc). That is all it does. Ever. it has no relation at all to English "is" in any other of its senses. _It is not the verb of being_ - that is いる / ある.
て-form is not an adverb. In this usage just look at it as the form we need in order to add the verb of being (いる/ある) to give the continuous tense). It works like "ing" in English - BUT ONLY IN THAT RESPECT. Please don't fall into the trap (as your blogger did) of pushing English analogies further than they actually go. Japanese is not English.
Any verb can be a white engine and modify a noun. Adverbs are not formed in this way. This is not a question of "rules" but of logic. How does a verb become an adverb even in English? "She run-ly walked?" It doesn't work that way in English or Japanese.
@@organicjapanesewithcuredol49
Thank you very much for your response!
Okay だ is a one way = sign.
But いる/ある creates the continuous tense because "to exist" is a continuous state?
Can a て-form verb be on it's own without いる/ある?
Are you sure someone who knows nothing of Japanese except RTK 1 via written production
and the few words they picked up while listening to/watching raw anime 24/7 while completing an RTK Anki deck
would be able to do your grammar course and jump right into mining anime for vocabulary.
All the people who are having revelations seem to be those who have completed some JLPT cert or taken formal classes.
Which makes me think I would need to have such a background in order for it all to make sense.
I tried mining anime through transcribing it to build an ear.
I would take whatever was heard after a couple listens, put it through mecab/ichi.moe parsers,
then look up everything with a dictionary, it was always clear when I didn't hear something properly.
I transcribed one episode in 4 days, but stopped after that because I wasn't getting the satisfaction of understanding exactly what was transcribed.
It was more like a jumble of words that when combined with the context perhaps maybe means this or that.
Like I could go back to doing that and maybe eventually gain an intuitive understanding of how things work.
But I don't want to torture myself unless I am certain of it's efficiency.
I also thought of going through a frequency vocab deck of 1000 words except I search for example sentences + audio in premade subs2srs decks.
Which would make identifying sentence components much easier than parser + trial and error.
Cure dolly just insulted my first grade teacher LMAO
pls explain on how the character ー in ケーキ works pls.
This is katakana. The long dash lengthens the vowel sound. In hiragana it would be けーき (but we don't usually use the long dash in hiragana. The other characters are the same).
@@organicjapanesewithcuredol49 do you have a video explaining characters similar like that in both hiragana and katakana?
@@tankeryy1566 No. This information is available all over the internet. I don't make videos unless I have something new and valuable to contribute. Here are charts showing both. You can find lots of apps and games for learning hiragana and katakana katakanachart.com/hiragana-chart-and-katakana/