How To Make Common Rafters [Measure, Mark & Cut]
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 2 ต.ค. 2024
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Shannon from www.house-impr... shows you how to use a speed square to measure & mark lumber / timber in order to make common rafters. Also shown here is cutting using a circular saw and includes information on how to determine slope / rise, etc.
If you have questions about your home improvement projects, stop by the forum on our website, where Shannon will answer your questions in detail for free.
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Video © 2020 SKS Media. Videos produced by SKS Media (House-Improvements.com) are provided for informational purposes only. The information contained in the videos is intended to give general guidance to simplify DIY (do it yourself) projects. Because tools, products, materials, equipment, techniques, building codes and local regulations are constantly changing, SKS Media cannot and does not assume any responsibility or liability for the accuracy of the information contained therein. Further, SKS Media will not accept any claim for liability related to, but not limited to, omissions, errors, injury, damage or the outcome of any project. It is the responsibility of the viewer to ensure compliance with all applicable laws, rules, codes and regulations for a project. The viewer must always take proper safety precautions and exercise caution when taking on any project. If there are any questions or doubt in regards to the element of a project, please consult with a licensed professional. SKS Media conducts all matters in accordance with the laws of Saskatchewan, Canada. - แนวปฏิบัติและการใช้ชีวิต
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That was extremely helpful. I had been cutting for hours, shaving off little bits to try to get it perfect, just for the first one, only to watch this video and find out this can be done in a matter of seconds.
There are hundreds of more videos about the birdmouths On TH-cam and I am so glad I found yours !!!
I appreciate the way you explain every step. I am using your info to build my 14 year old granddaughter a 4ft by 4ft shed for her and her cats to stay comfy and warm in the winter. She is so excited. Thank you!
Hi Shannon, I just love watching your videos. You explain everything so expertly yet what you teach is no way intimidating for a DIY novice. This particular rafter is what I'll need for my little house. Thank you for patiently explaining this process. Your the best.👍
I must have watched a hundred videos on how to mark and cut common rafters. This is the first one that, when I finished watching, I was able to understand what is going on! I've referenced many of your other videos as well and they are all great learning tools. Thanks for all you do! Maybe you could do another quick tutorial on how to calculate the height of the ridgeboard placement prior to putting up the rafters?
Hi, I used this method today on our deck project. Thank you for the help. Your videos are great and very helpful! As owner of a home improvement company, I have learned much from you.
Must have looked at dozens of websites and videos trying to understand rafters/birdsmouth etc and was so frustrated as most were ridiculously and unnecessarily complicated. YOURS did the trick. We’ll done!
I watched the shed build series, and the speed square tutorial. Just by watching those, I'm able to watch this and totally understand what you're doing... including the math. You're an awesome teacher! Thank you! I think fans really should consider becoming HouseImprovements Patreons.
Awesome, thank you Char!
Wish I saw this yesterday lol still learning. I made it work through a series of complicated tracings.
At the end of the day after all the math and technical terms and techniques and every guy still eyeballing something my favorite part
Extremely educational. I feel much better about the roof I have to build tomorrow!
Me too
Your explanation is really easy to understand. ❤ Thanks.
Dude.... thank you. This 15 min video taught me SOO much
This summer I'm building my garage, 24x34. I'll probably go this way... going to be a little high to work. My wall are 10 feet high and I'll go with a pitch 6:12...
I've use your video to calculate my rafters.... thanks for the videos...
Personally I would purchase factory made trusses for a building that size.
@@HouseImprovements My idea is to put ceilling joists to secure my walls , with rafters... in my area is hard to get made trusses. It would cost alot more.... Can I ask you what negative things you see? thanks
Many places with a building permit require engineered trusses on larger buildings.
It can be difficult to build theses strong enough on large buildings when considering snow and wind loads.
Perfect timing! This will come in handy on my gazebo project I'm about to start. Thanks for yet another top notch video!
Thank you! Straight forward and a lot of useful information.
The most informative one I’ve seen yet, thank you!!
This is Awesome, I always tried to figure this part, finally I know how to do it, thank you Shannon .
Thanks, I was measuring the rise to the top of the rafter, now I know to measure the rise at the bottom of the rafter👍
Thank you,I was stumbling on cuts for chicken coop.NEEDED THIS VID 👍👍👍💪😎
If you ever decide to teach carpentry in school, I would be very interested. This guy should be teaching our young high schoolers. We need more trades people like Shannon.
Yes I like the way he explained everything
He is amazing!
True. Love this channel
Thanks fellow tradesman 😊
Very good presentation. Thanks
This method only works if everything is parallel ok on a small shed though i suppose, i prefer to put the ridge board up & measure off of it to the wall plate.
i think a structural ridge beam is the way to go, climbing around shingling a roof like the one shown would give me anxiety and when it snows.
Good teaching skills 👍 you made it easier how to make a C-cut thanks.
Great lesson Shannon, the only thing that I got lost with is how you found the birdsmouth to be 2.5”
I think you are referring to the amount the eave over hang drops outside of the wall. That comes from the horizontal distance I wanted was 6" ( half of 12") so with our 5/12 slope we can determine that the vertical distance drop is 2.5 inches because the horizontal distance was 1/2 of 12". Hope that helped? If we were going to have a 12" eave overhang then that drop would be 5".
wesome vid, thanks for sharing, made it super easy to understand
Blessings my friend-Thanks !
Omg you are amazing at teaching , wasn't boring at all , fire your cameramen for yawning 😂😂😂 no seriously keep posting . You make this world a better place already
An excellent teacher. The visuals followed with the actions- very clear. Thank you.
Thank You ! Very good information and well explained .
thanks, excellent layout
Great video! Thanks!
Thanks!
Exactly what I needed!
I can't even thank you enough!
Great explanation and video thanks ❤😂
Thank you very much sir, from us who are just starting out on the DIY journey. It is quite fun leaning to woodwork and get the calculation of correct cuts. Kudos to keeping your videos simplified. GOD Bless.
Thank you
Also another step is to always crown your lumber before you start laying out and cutting your rafters, keep all the lumber bowing in the same direction and lay it out with the natural bow facing up its much more consistent finish!!! Great video like always very informative 👍 👏 👌
Fantastic tip, the crown of a 2x lumber is essential
Great explanation on how to do it yourself thanks
I really wish I would've found your video 1st... before I cut all of my rafters badly, trying to follow a different how-to video. I'm building an outdoor cat house, a large, probably a bit extravagant cat house! Very good job and thank you.. I suppose I should just start over with new wood... which is irritating!
Very clear....thank you
I appreciate your video. I just used your info for building a 30 ft chicken coop. My wife is very happy.
After watching 2,176 videos on rafter assembly, this video was by far the most helpful.
Where did he get the 400 to add to the total?
Lol
Yes me too this the most clearly
@@jarrodholt3278 do yourself a favour. Anytime you’re looking for diy home Reno stuff, type “house improvements” - then what ever you’re looking to do!
Please, please stop thinking your boring anybody by providing the core formula and disciplines of cuting rafters. Please let me know if you show the formulas up close and are clearly visible. As far as I'm concerned it's most important. If I understand and I'm able to replicate the formula I own earth. Anybody watching this video is hanging on by their fingernails hoping to grasp the concept. YOU ARE NOT BORING. Thank you.
Excellent.
Good info for me..tqvm sir.
People don’t care how much you know, until they know how much you care. Thanks, very informative 🙏
So nice of you
Great clip....
This video has been the easiest to understand out of all others. Thank you!
Please do not worry about your camera man getting bored, You have done a fantastic job explaining this
Can you please make a video on Hip/valley roof
Building a storage shed with my husband. Neither one of us are exactly mathematically inclined. This helps so much. Love your videos! Thank you! Subscribed!
So this formula applies to any pitch. Wanting to do a 3/12. So just 1 question about formula. When measuring the run. Do i subtract half the thickness of ridge board from measuring to center? So in other words. The total distance from end to end of wall is 14' and center would be 7' so then do I subtract half the thickness of a 2x6. I think actual thickness of a 2x6x10 for 2 inches is really 1 ¹/²" half that would be 3/4". Then my plug in number for formula would be 6' 11 ¹/⁴" is that correct?
This has been my headache for a long time now. I love how you explained this easily. Thank you. Subscribed 🤝
"i know right." (valley girl voice)
my dad wanted a fence. then it became id like a roof. i said okay dad but its not built to support a roof. filled it in got walls going and then...intimidation! ive seen some weird approaches that my inexperienced self thought, what but how is that strong? i asked somewhat experienced people about notches. they acted like they hadnt considered notches.
ive been questioning this project and myself for several months. this makes so much more sense to me. i believe ive grown a pair and will have to watch a few more times, but i will be using this for my dads fence/ building whatever it is.
You explain things sooo much clearer than all these other carpenters
THE BEST VIDEO MY FREIND TOP OF THE LINE AWESOME HATS OFF 2 U 3/9/2021 SAN BENITO TEXAS TIP OF THE LOWER VALLEY TEXAS !!!!!!!!
Thanks Shannon. I apologize if I missed it but shouldn't 1/2 the thickness of the ridge beam be factored into the overall length of the rafter? In essence, that amount adjusted for the appropriate slope should be deducted from the length.
If you are using a ridge beam ,yes you should .
This was excellent. I suddenly have the urge to go build a shed! Also, kudos on your production. Lowering the volume when your crank up your tools is very much appreciated!
Awesome, thank you!
HouseImprovemen0)4##@. >] yeah 8* 5
Great video!
A good teacher is the main ingredient of teaching 👌
Wow, thanks
You are a wonderful teacher. I am wanting to use some old mill fullsize 2x4s for rafters to make a lean to on side of a shed. I was going to use hangers but the old milled lumber is not the standard store bought 2x4 and there is no hanger I can find to use so I am thinking of using my pocket hole jig to attach these old mill 2x4 rafters to my shed. In your opinion, do you think that would hold up? Any viewers advice that may have experience with this type of lumber would be appreciated also.
I think I would trim one edge of each rafter down at the top end for a couple inches or so and make it fit a hanger.
@@HouseImprovements Thanks for reply.
Is it always 2 thirds of rafter thickness for strength ?? Or can this vary, great video
Thanks
Thank you
I need some more help, I had to take the business over from my father after he got sick and never fully recovered. It’s very hard to operate all aspects of the business on my own, I’m used to just being told what to do but not why I’m doing it. I’ve recently mastered stairs and I thought rafters would be just like making stingers but it’s quite a bit different. I’ll check out your other videos and website. Besides “mycarpentry calculator” does anyone know a better free online calculator tool that explains it better?
Finally a good video. This one is best
But how do you get the top of the Easter to meet the ridge if the seat cut varies in depth...
After you cut your rafters and seat cuts you install the ridge at the proper height. That height should be your height figured out from the slope plus the distance on a rafter from top of seat cut to top of rafter.
Hey Shannon, it might be good to clarify the top equations around 4:20 (the extra radical above c^2). I'm sure folks will figure it out or leave it to the pros though. More importantly, thank you for your videos! I learn so much that I didn't get from math class ;)
Perfect! No complicated formulas or jargon. This was just what I needed! Thank you.
This is so cool! I had figured out the lengths using the Pythagorean theorem, but I didn't know how to get the angles for my slope. I'm excited to use my speed square in a new way! Thank you Shannon! ❤️ - Marisa
Good Video
you forgot to Mention to ADD the 2.5" Height above plate to the 20"=22.5"
then Minus the Width of the Ridge Beam (2x8 if you using a2x6 Rafter ) to Get the Ridge Post !!!!
View counter not working. Didn't change when I hit the like button. Awesome video! I finally understand with your formula! Thank you for your time and effort. Made it easy to understand.
His formula is right!
The height above plate (HAP or the height from the top of the wall header plate to the top of the rafter or the dashed line in the video -- this can be different values based on the width of the lumber you're using 2x6, 2x8, 2x10, etc) is quite important because the birds mouth cut will not be right since you need the theoretical rise for the triangle, not the actual rise. Based on the video, you could do 2.5" + 20" = 22.5" to get this theoretical rise or if you knew the length of the dashed line in the video which is the HAP, then you could take the actual rise from the top of the ridge board minus the HAP to get the theoretical rise (Actual Rise - HAP = Theoretical Rise). At least if you forgot to account for the thickness of the ridge board, you'd just have extra space at the bottom in front of the birds mouth that could be corrected by just trimming the top 3/4" shorter to tighten the birds mouth to the wall.
How did he get 2.5?
Does this same technique apply for a shed dormer if not can you do a video for a shed dormer
Can rafters be spliced together to make one long rafter? Say you have a run of 20 feet, can a person use two pieces of 14 foot and over lap three feet on each side and cut to length. I have seen rafters joined this way but wondered if safe. The building was 85 years old and in heavy snow belt. Just wondering if you can help
In your situation I would consult an engineer.
Great tutorial! I’m going to be making footage in the near future putting my roof on. Your video is definitely helpful. OK I got to get back to laboring thanks!
Thank you. Perfect explanation. Just one thing. A^2+B^2=C^2 and not the square root of C^2.
Agree!
Very well made video. Thank you for delivering informative and straight to the point instruction. Liked and subscribed 🤙
It's been 2 years ago since you posted this but I want you to know that really help me as I'm trying to built myself a shed. Thank you so much for sharing your wisdom bro.
What about the ridge board? That should shorten the rafters by half the thickness of the ridge right?
Yes half the thickness of the ridge ,and technically that is measured on the same slope of the roof. Measuring that on the slope does not make much difference though until your slope is 8/12 or steeper. So for any thing lower slope than that just deducting half the material thickness is close enough.
there is absolutely no need to get into complicated math to determine all that, not sure why everyone like to confuse the heck out of this, find the center of the building, make a mark then figure out what height you want for your rafter and mark it, put one 2x4 across with one edge touching the corner and the other on the mark you put for your height, then with a square mark a line parallel to the center line of the building, that's your slope, now go to the nose and make another line parallel with the edge of the building lengthwise and another one parallel widthwise and you are done, now take that template and make the other side and join then together.
You lost me at 400. It just came out of NOWHERE. so do you add 400 to a building that is 16' wide with a 3/12 pitch?
Nope, in my example I was using a slope of 5/12 on a 8' wide building so none of my numbers mean anything for your building. The 400 hundred in my example comes from the square of my rise number (20" squared) You need to plug your numbers into the formula. Watch the video again and if it still makes no sense to you come to the forum for assistance.www.house-improvements.com/forums/
What’s a good rule of thumb for maximum rafter length for a
2x4
2x6
2x8
2x10???
There is no perfect answer because other factors come into play like, snow load, rafter spacing and grade of lumber. I dont suggest any DIYer makes rafters for structures more than 12feet wide (6' rafters) . Even myself I would order trusses for a wide garage before I would build rafters.
@@HouseImprovements 12 wide is a 6 foot run so I can just use a 2x6? Do buildings need a ridge board or can rafters be nailed together?
Hi doin a back porch roof 8fy at the house wall 7 ft at front of porch show to I do the pvc 2x4 top of wall cut ?? I’m a moron , come from cars And airplanes retired playin with wood
Our forum is the perfect place for extra help.www.house-improvements.com/forums/
This can't be used on a lean to style roof?
You wrote the theorem wrong in the first line but calculations are correct! A2+B2=C2 and not Square root of C2.
You are right , square root of C2 gets us the final dimension we need
Stumbled on this video and after 20 others and still not having my "lightbulb" go off- This one saved the day. Super amazing thank you!!
You're welcome!
Great job showing how to make common rafters! Appreciate you're concise way of showing how this works!
Thank you!
I’ve been wrecking my brain on how to build a roof with all those angles, but I think you made it a lot easier now. The algebra came in handy😅
Would you subtract 3/4" if your using a ridge board at the top of the rafter? I'd suggest a person use a 1x4 or 1x6 (depending on your rafter size) to make a less expensive template first, allowing for a few possible errors in measurement at first.
wondering the same as you???
@@dannyj5688 I guess just make one and see how it turns out? Use a low grade 1x4 or 1x6 to save the cost and use it for a template.
These are great formulas that just don't get addressed anymore when you are working on projects or getting taught.
Helped me build my garage 3 years ago, now utilizing this video to build a garden shed. Shannon is gods gift to diy'ers!
This video is beyond excellent!!!! 1 thing to note though....you must account for the ridge board and subtract 3/4 inches on each side of the rafter run.
If you have a ridge board , yes. Actually the deduction is also measured on the slope of the roof through the ridge board not just half the thickness of the ridge. On steeper roofs this becomes more of an issue
Ah you made that so simple
Doesn't the roof pitch change when you cut the birds mouth out? The bottom of the rafter will now be lower from your original workings out
Yes, he made a boo boo there but it’s minimal.
I believe the roof pitch remains the same, only the center ridge height would have to be adjusted by the same height he cut into the footer. The ridge height of 20 inches applies to the bottom point where the rafter hits the ridge "plus" the height he cut into the footer... 1 and 5/8 inch I think? The top of the ridge (if flush with the rafter) should actually be those 20 inches plus the 2.5 inches remaining after footer cut, so the final ridge height should be 22.5 inches, not 20.
This is the most informative video I've ever seen
Great tutorial you make it pretty simple to work out, but one question how you determine the 2.5 rise measurement at the suffix end??
My question exactly. Everything is so easily understood with his tutorial. However, I do not see the explanation for the 2.5' rise in the birdsmouth. Please explain Shannon.
Found answer twice in a question posted about 9 months ago. Thanks
I like this channel but this is just too much of math😂😂 Just take long enough rafter, place it on yout roof, mark birds mouth, cut it and job done😂😂
The Pythagorean theorem is A^2+B^2=C^2
I am a little bit confused as why in your diagram, you wrote: A^2+B^2= square root C^2
To found C^2 you need to do the square root of C
I feel stupid I can’t get this lol
Great video!! How do you determine the 2.5 rise?
depends on the slope you want on the roof.
6 is half from 12 inch, so 2,5 inch is half from 5😉
I saw the 2.5 inch mark on your drawing but when you actually laid out the rafter, that measurement looked more like 1.5 inches. Did I miss something ?? Wouldn’t this change the vertical location of your ridge ??
Great video! I love watching them .I spent many years as a labor monkey for a self employed carpenter. He started showing me the trade as I enquired to know Why we did things a certain way. He was a great teacher ,you remind me a lot of him.He learned in high school vocational school using textbook from the 1950's probably .The big Orange Carpentry Bible I called it.Basic Carpentry principals do not go out of style or grow old . We built some huge custom homes with no blue prints only our drawings we worked on with home owners ,and could adapt if changes were desired. Using only framing squares, string lines , plumb bobs and levels ,circular saw. Thanks for your videos ! Being an old guy now ,I don't build things very often but when I do ,I like to make them strong and square . Your videos give good reminders of things I know but need refreshed on. Cheers ,and thanks !
"When will I ever use this in real life?" said the student to the Math Teacher. This vid should be shown in every Math class / Home school math lesson. Thanks for sharing... best to you and yours Shannon.
I was that kid