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I have a question, according to the formula. V.I = power it is true that voltage goes up current comes down and vise a versa but from the other side v= I.R and R is constant so how voyage can go up and current come down?!!!!🧐🧐🧐🧐🧐
@@bruhmomenthdr7575 it's the advert duration time where the money is made. Guess it's the principle why he's watching that bit of the vid. Yet all due respect to the channel.
Of all the electrical engineering videos I have come across, yours are truly the best! The diagrams, pacing, and real-world examples makes learning and remembering so much easier, thank you!
I took apart and wound Transformers for 40 years and new the fundamentals. But I never learned how things worked out in these formulas. This was very informative. There was hardly a Transformer that I can take apart and not put back together. I did it a lot, but never had time to learn the aspects of it. And again I like your video oh, you're never too old to learn. When I wired houses back in my day, my boss told me there's only two things electricity can do. They can either work for you, or it can kill you. This is always stuck with me all these years.
I am a mechanic I have read many books that briefly explain induction. They leave me hanging saying the primary windings induce a voltage in the secondary windings … the end. You did a very excellent job at explaining how this happens . You really answered many of my questions thank you so much.
I personally appreciate the beer glass analogy. It is a simple visual aid for a somewhat complex topic. I would have appreciated it had my instructor used it back when I was in school. Love your content.
I have 3 degrees in electronics and electrical engineering , your blog is so wonderful and explanatory. Your lecture on English and European voltage and power being different from American power, was the very best I've ever had . Thanks kindly and good luck .
Could you explain how say in a step down transformer the volts are low but the current is high how that can be used safely in bathrooms and without destroying equipment plugged into it? Like do you also need a resistor in series to lower the amps and if you were to short this current with your finger would it not fry you since it has the same potential as the source voltage?
@@asabovesobelow1362 using an isolation transformer would separate you from earth ground . You would be in danger from shock but not necessarily electrocution. You sound like you understand your circuit .
@@martinfarfsing5995 I'm an electrician but I've never gotten my head around how a step down isolating transformer used in bathrooms can be considered safe if the potential energy is nearly the same, also wouldn't the high current lead to higher cable losses. Idk I the more I think about it the more confusing it gets like how can there be current in a closed circuit and it not gradually overheat.
I guess it has to do with the voltage being low and the resistance of your skin being high, and that the transformer isn't being designed to send over all of it's potential energy.
@@asabovesobelow1362 the power in a closed circuit is limited by the load, resistance in circuit. Use p= I times E and use E= I times R , equations to see this . If R and E and I are constant than P will be too . OHMS AND WATTS laws . Yes , high voltage from any source will kill us . Isolation Xfmr usually has low voltage.
There was so much more information included in this video than what I came here for, AND IT WAS ABSOLUTELY AWESOME!!!! thoroughly explained all those details with patience and love. and icing on the top was the Beer example which helped big time. Loved it. Thank you for such a thorough explanation :)
That was helpful 😊 Transformer ratio K= (n1/n2)=(v1/v2)=(i2/i1) where V1 : voltage at the primary side V2 : Voltage at secondary side N1 : number of turns at the primary side N2 : number of turns at secondary side i1 : current at the primary side i2 : current at secondary side
I studied electronics and the explanations on your channel are the best I've ever seen on every subject. Found the power triangle and power factor a little tricky to understand but the beer analogy is great.
Probably one of the best videos of this subject. I do believe, however, that you neglected to mention that sometimes transformers with the same number of turns on both the input and the output are used for certain applications. The purpose of that design is to be able to transfer power between two different circuits at the same voltage, but keeping them electrically isolated. If I'm not totally wrong, it is similar in function to a heat exchanger where energy, in the form of heat, is transferred between two isolated systems.
Referred to as 'isolation transformers' and are used mainly to test/troubleshoot damaged and/or outdated/unsafe electronics. Largely as a safety precaution for Vacuum Tube electronics of the pre-60s/70s as they necessarily require high voltage supplies which could electrocute you if accidentally touched while open or if a fault shorted the hot side to the chassis. I forgot exactly but the transformer breaks one possible path for the current to travel through you if you came across the live while touching something grounded
Isolation transformers are used all the time for supplying non linear loads i.e. VFDs and other electronics that are prone to damage from voltage spikes. We had an overhead AC crane that kept tripping on overvoltage faults. We would simply bucket up to the crane bridge cabinet and reset the drive. This was going on for months and we were getting tired of it. We got ourselves a 75kva isolation transformer and installed it in between the main switchgear and the breaker panel that fed the crane. After wiring the xfmer after the switchgear and before the breaker, we never had an overvoltage problem again.
I am utterly impressed by the exceptional quality of your electrical engineering videos! It's not an exaggeration to say that your content stands head and shoulders above the rest. The meticulously crafted diagrams are a visual delight, making intricate concepts appear effortlessly clear. Your pacing is a masterclass in itself - it's neither too hurried nor too slow, allowing me to grasp every detail without feeling overwhelmed. What truly sets your videos apart is the ingenious use of real-world examples. These relatable scenarios not only demystify complex theories but also ensure that the knowledge sticks in my mind like never before. Your dedication to providing such insightful and practical content is genuinely commendable.
This is very informative thank you. I am an automotive tech and in these gasoline engines you need to break the dc current somehow in the primary coil to collapse the magnetic field. Due to the principle of electromagnetic inductance this produces a surge in voltage in the secondary coil. Your explanation goes even further and makes me understand more deeply.
Einstein was supposed to have said that a good teacher can explain very complicated subjects to an 8 year old. I'm a bit older than that... but sometimes I need things explained in simplistic terms. Engineering Mindset is superb at explaining concepts, then building on that and slowly increasing the depth of teaching. I, too listen to the advertising out of respect for the efforts put into these excellent tutorials.
Yep. !!! True that !!! I knew how to say Transformer.... and that was the extent of my knowledge on the subject, Now, not that I have a complete understanding aboot Transformers BUT !!! I now know A Heck of alot more than I thought I'd ever even be able to learn and know aboot Transformers!!! Man,if I only 1 would of had a teacher of that caliber in school I probably would of actually attended classes !!!! makes ME kinda sad m mad to dwell on it!!! Ohhh well, life goes on ‼️👍❗
At 11:50, I would like to suggest a correction. Reactive power is not wasted energy. It is actually wasted energy capacity (transformer in this case). Reactive power just comes back and forth from load and source. So, it is not wasted but only consumes conductor capacity which reduces conductor capacity available for active power.
I have a hard time understanding the subject of kVarh. The beer analogy doesn't explain it well in my opinion, not to mention the differences between lag and lead kVarh.
This is my understanding as well Keval Pandya. I used to work in our state's energy efficiency program and we specifically banned power factor correction devices because they don't save energy (but many mistakenly think they do). It's more about the capacity of the conductor not being used efficiently to deliver power if anything, but not energy efficiency.
@@samfisher874 As an discom engineer here in India, drawing reactive power is heavily discouraged by attracting penalty. Though I don't understand why power factor correcting device should be banned.
@@kvlpnd You're correct, bad power factor is heavily discouraged here in the US in California too. Customers are encouraged to use power factor correction devices if power factor is bad, and if they don't correct for bad power factor there will be a penalty on the bill. But separate from that, is the electric utility's energy efficiency program which gives customers money to purchase efficient LED lighting, premium efficiency motors, etc. Since bad power factor isn't wasted energy, power factor correction devices are not eligible for that money. Occasionally, a misleading/misinformed salesmen will incorrectly claim that a power correction device will save a customer lots of money by reducing energy (kWh or Joules), so it's specifically banned from receiving energy efficiency program money in California. (Hope I explained that well, it's 2:30 am here...)
@@SystemHacker23 Honestly I find it best to avoid analogies and just present a practical example. Motors don't go from totally inactive to totally active - capable of delivering torque to the output shaft - the exact moment electricity is applied. You have to get the core going with some amount of current to magnetize it before it is capable of doing useful work. This is the parasitic inductance. And at the end of each half cycle, the field collapses and this current is returned to the grid. The transmission lines don't know what this current is for, they just see a higher current on them going back and forth, which leads to higher I^2*R losses. Which is why power companies hate poor power factor, and they encourage you to place power factor correction capacitors close to the motor. That way, the capacitor provides this current to build the magnetic field, as well as receive it again when the field collapses, and the power company only delivers the current going into real output power from the shaft. Consider the parasitic inductance as a shunt element in parallel with the resistive/real power drawn from the output shaft. As a shunt element, it reduces the impedance seen by the grid and causes an increase in apparent current draw, thus higher I^2*R losses on the transmission lines, which are in series (resistors) with this network. When the capacitor is placed also in parallel in the network, it will resonate with the parasitic inductance, and as parallel LC circuits present an open circuit at the terminals at resonance, the parallel LC tank circuit basically becomes an infinite impedance in parallel with the resistor representing shaft power = the circuit simply becomes the transmission lines in series with the real output power of the motor.
Remarkable..today I learnt about transfomers at age of 70 years. For many years I have been attached with mechanical electrical deptts. Chemical is my field. Your lecture is magical. Great great..I wish I could give you Gold Medal.....
12:02 we call that power consumption (total power) in CZ it is "příkon" - i understand it as all energy that goes into a device, and performance, "výkon" the job the device does. We were taught that příkon is always greater than výkon of the device, because of heat etc..
Where I've seen transformers used: I'm a Sound Engineer by profession and often encounter ground loop hum, especially when touring and working in older venues with high-watt dimmable lighting. I once worked with a band who's Guitarist was an Electrical Engineer and his single coil pickups were creating an unacceptable buzz. I made sure his amp and pedals were in the same outlet and then ran a lead over to the main PA system to check for a "loop". No dice... He said "hold on"... Went to his van and pulled out a piece of plywood that had a MASSIVE 1:1 transformer on it and several outlets. Thing weighed about 30lb. He wanted to tap into the main inlet at the breaker box but I said "nope" Then he showed me his business card and website so I took a stage breaker out and allowed him to tap in there. The amps and pedals from his guitar and the bass made absolutely NO unwanted noise. The ground loop that no amount of rewiring could solve was gone. Heavy. Expensive. *Potentially* dangerous without ground. But useful.
At 11:50 minor correction. KVAR is stored energy due do reactive components (capacitors or inductors). It is charged and discharged throughout the system and it is stored energy. However the result is a reactive power creates higher current over your transmission line which result in greater losses. KVARs are sometimes desirable and are used for voltage control.
Aren't capacitators used to lower the VAR and increase the power factor due to a bad cos(phi) by the system only having spools? Then it makes the watt-less(reactive) power fluctuate from spool to capacitor without any energy consumption? Or have i completely messed something up in school?
@@rasmus1600 Yes, but it depends on which side of unity you are looking. Capacitors can be used to reduce inductive VArs; the same way inductors/reactors can be used to reduce capacative VArs. We generally see commercial use requiring motors that all have inductive power factors, for this reason you have probably seen capacitors used to reduce VArs (inductive) by adding capacative VARs. The cos(phi) as you mentioned is a phase lag/lead description of the VArs; and can give a physical description of what the motor induction effect has on the voltage/current waveforms, and likewise how the capacitor introduction can remedy this. It also shows how Real Power (V*I) is lost as cos(phi) increases. Draw the current and voltage graphs at unity (they align); then draw a power wave (V*I). Repeat the same process with some amount of cos(phi) offset on either voltage or current waveforms. Redraw the Real Power (V*I) graph. You will see that with some amount of phase offset, the RMS real power decreases.
I watch the entire video in spanish , and i thougth some one had copied the video and done a translation so we spanish speakers could learn from the video...i had the setting in spanish and i didint know this capabilities existed. It was exelent, a professional presentation in all aspects. What i loved the most was the formulas for knowing coil turns in the primary and secondary , primary coil voltage, secondry coil voltage etc etc thankyou very much for such a professional educational video. Greatings from Monterrey Mexico!
I work with them all the time on vintage arcade/pinball games. Lighting is usually either 6 or 12 v ac., and coils use 24 or 50 volts. Some motors and heavy duty coils run off the household current. They very rarely fail, though new folks sometimes think they do. Your video shows how simple they are with no 'moving' parts, though they can vibrate after they have seen many duty cycles.
I hope you make and upload videos about: - Basic calculations about transistors (BJT, MOSFET, IGBT, JFET) - Basic explanation of thrystor and triac - AC capacitor basic explanation - The simplest logic gate - Arduino basic explanation
A few others have said it, but you have reactive power wrong. It's not wasted as heat. Anything generating heat is consuming real power. Reactive power is temporarily stored and returned to the circuit by reactive elements like capacitors and inductors or other devices that exhibit some amount of capacitance or inductance. Reactive power does increase current flow and thereby increases losses due to parasitic resistive effects, such as the resistance of your wires or the eddy current and hysteresis losses in your core, so generally speaking, poor power factor will likely reduce the efficiency of the overall system. In one of your graphics you also labelled power factor as "Efficiency" and you also appeared to have used efficiency and power factor interchangeably after your beer glass analogy. Efficiency and power factor are not the same. While a power factor closer to unity is probably going to be better for efficiency, they are different quantities. Also, I'm not sure if this was just part of your analogy, but it sounded like you said that electricity customers pay for apparent power. This isn't true anywhere where I've lived - at least not as a residential customer. Residential customers in at least Australia and Canada pay for real power, so you generally don't get penalized for poor power factor as a residential customer. I'm pretty sure it's the same in the US. This is why your bill says how may kWh you consumed and not how many kVAh you consumed. I'm not sure whether other jurisdictions penalize small consumers for small power factor or not. Large industrial and commercial users may have different contracts with their utilities that charge them more or less based on their power factor.
Well written post. But even domestic/ residential customers help keep the power factor close to 1. The fan manufacturers, where I live, put a capacitor (capacitive load) in the circuit to oppose the inductive load of the fan motor and bring the fan's PF closer to 1. I don't know whether this is mandated by law or done voluntarily by the fan mfr to "help out" :) I do know I only pay for reactive power at my residence (68 yo, male, retired), in South Asia. Also I have had fights with my wife and 2 grown up D (if these 2 are around at that time) when they want to run some appliance off the solar panels when the main supply is absent. Try explaining that though the mixie motor may be rated "only" as 750 w, using it makes lights go dim and affects the TV/ computer! I have come to a stage where I am informed about the need to run the mixie, I shut off my computer and other non essential loads and give the green signal. Even then it comes as a surprise how dim the only light on becomes as the mixie motor takes both resistive and inductive loads from the panels. I also want to praise the man who "invented" the concept of square root of (minus 1) as the ONLY way to deal with electrical circuits having inductive/ capacitive loads! Along with the wheel, 2 brilliant inventions.
It's not the United States citizens, literally. It's not us, not the common folk. We didnt implement the electrical grid systems used. We go along with what was already established for us, to be used. It actually works pretty well.
Thank you for this video! As an electrician for 23 years this was one of the most informational videos I have actually watched in awhile. You done a very good job explaining exactly how this works. This video will teach so much to someone getting into the trade or even ones that has been doing electrical but never the line side/transformer side of the trade.
I am a Quality Inspector at a transformer manufactory so... I see them all the time! 😉 We manufacture Power Transformers (Core and Shell-type), Distribution Transformers, Power Casts and also Mobile Substations.
Very helpful video, especially for HVAC. Understanding how all the components work together is important and I will definitely be passing this on to my apprentices
I’m an instructor and teach a course on basic electrical components and your videos are all I use to help my students understand. You don’t know how much you have helped me and my students. Thank you so much, I truly appreciate you and your work!
@@bmello452 my students love the videos and they say it helps them a lot to understand what we are talking about. I truthfully struggle trying to explain some of these items and he does such a great job!
Reactive power itself is not causing the loss. Its the current that reactive power carries that when pass through the wire, causes heat loss based on wire resistance. Example. If a transformer delivers 100W real power @ 10v, 10A to a load and load has a power factor of 0.5, the reactive power is 100VAR to the load. There is another 10A flowing through the transformer coils (coils carrying 20 amps total), not doing any work but since its flowing through the coils, the heat generated by this current is I^2xR so by getting the power factor as close to 1 as possible, we get the reactive power as close to zero so the current flowing in the coils is as close to 10A as possible, improving the transformer efficiency. A load that eats 200VA but delivers only 100W of work has a power factor of 0.5. The transformer will need to be rated 200VA to supply that load. Put some caps on load and bring the power factor close to 1 and the transformer required can be 110VA to power the same load.
when current and voltage are given formula: Ip * Vp = Is * Vs when voltage and turns are given formula : Vp * Ns = Vs * Np No need to remember other formula. Lots of love from Nepal
Model train sets, door chimes, radio with tubes like RCA Radiola 60. pole pigs or distribution xfrmrs on utility poles. Actaully there is a tansformer in your car, the ignition coil. It too has a primary coil powered by the 6 or 12 volt battery, The points worked by a cam would energize the primary, when the points opened high voltage jumped the spark plug and in old car radios with tubes, there was a vibrator that alernatively powered a split primary or a center tap and the vibrator powered one leg then the other and this made the hig voltage for the plates in the tubes.
Didn't think I'd be one of the 1000 people that got a month free in skillshare hahaha. Was bored and tested my luck. Thanks a lot man, I appreciate it.
Sir I kindly request you to make a video related to current, voltage, charge, charge carriers, why voltage flows in the opposite direction to the direction of current, electrons and holes, conventional current etc. Lots of confusion in all these types of topics. So please help 🙏🙏🙏
There actually was a video about the ohm’s law and the basic physics behind electronics, it doesn’t go too deep into fields and other stuff tho, just what the engineer needs.
30+ years ago, I took that class. It was indeed challenging and, dare I say it versus nascent digital classes, boring. Yet here I am 30 years later in the large power transformer industry (Dutch OEM). Old school craftsmanship is a huge component to producing high quality power transformers.
Each AC cycle electric energy is converted to magnetic, and back again. The amount of magnetic energy that a transformer can 'store' is more or less linear in its mass. At a higher frequency, more of these cycles occur, hence the same transformer would transform more power, or the same power can be transferred by a smaller transformer. For further interest, study transformer equations and it Will be more clear.
@@kks319 buckets of water, it takes alot more cups of water to fill a swimming pool but you can move cups alot faster than buckets in the same period of time
@@kks319 There is no simple explanayion. If you want to learn it to be able to use it someday, maybe in an isolated converter topology, you need to open a book and read about electromagnetics and transformers and inductors. TH-cam videos only give you fundamental stuff, but thats barely enough to do something usefull.
There is a simple way to calculate current ,number of turns and the voltage according to the ratio: Vp/Vs=Np/Ns=Is/Ip=constant ratio Where: Vp is primary voltage Vs is secondary voltage Np is primary number of turns and so on....
In india they use 3 phase transformers and the secondary side of the stepped end down version has 3 phases and 1 neutral in total 4 outputs. Each phase ranges between 215 volts to 240 volts and neautral being zero. Each home will either have 1 phase n neutral or 3 phase and neutral. The primary side has 3 phases . Each phase has around 11kilo volts.
Great video. Started studying C.P. Steinmetz years ago & when I hear talk about electrons now I try to think about it the way he knew it worked, field theory (electron is 1 unit of dielectric force not a particle), and the dance of the atoms is even more beautiful and simple. Crazy he invented all of the math we use to build the electrified world today & he's suppressed because of his scientific beliefs. Great video thanks for your work this channel is awesome.
It's been a long time since I learned about transformers (in much much greater detail) but I believe you got one thing very wrong! Reactive power is NOT wasted energy! It's more like an useless energy that oscialates back and forth. It's still unwanted from the efficiency perspective since it takes capacity and causing some increased heat losses due to apparent current being higher than true/usefull current. Power factor is also known as cos (phi), not to be confused with transformer (or whatever) efficency (n or eta)
@@snowywhite9663 Wrong, they're the same thing if we assume a perfect sinusoidal wave. In reality there is allways some harmonic distorsion quantified with THD
I had this doubt about transformers and electricity and magnetism class teacher didn't help with my current question, that and the fact that she's only "giving" an online class so "questions" as far as how does this work are out of the equation. Excellent class and it's free Have my like good sir
Here in Seattle I have noticed that when we have wind storms it is not uncommon that transformers explode! Very loud/very scary especially in the city or in residential areas. Why does this happen? 5:35
I am a Service Supervisor for a company called Allmand. The last ten years I have worked with AC power. I did not come from an electrical background and learned everything from experience and electrical engineers. My company mfg portal light towers, heaters and generators from 8kw to 45 kw. Our light towers use 1250 watt metal halide lights, x 4 per unit. The ac generator produces 1 phase 120/240 to light breakers. Each breaker sends power to transformer that will increase power to each light (360-440 +/- 10%).
Hi! I used some transformers recently when I installed new pool lights in one of my properties. I installed 4 transformers, each converting 220 volts from the city to 12 volts. The pool lights only run on 12 volts and nothing more for safety reasons, you don’t want 220 volts anywhere near your pool! Thanks for the amazing content.
I've been work with electricity for about 6 years now and was just told to accept iron and copper losses were a thing. But now I understand them. That's awesome!!!
It's taken me many years and qualifications to get the confidence to touch a transformer but I think after this video, I finally feel confident, despite just finishing a domestic installation course 😂 videos are always on point 👌
I 68, m, studied engineering many moons ago (seventies) and one memory is of challenging someone and finding out he was right. A fellow student went round the hostel asking us whether we believed we could get a shock from a 1.5 AA battery? I scoffed and said "of course not". Promptly he took out a 1.5 AA battery and a transformer (230 v AC to 6 DC) removed from its case. He asked me to hold the 230 v side wires and held one 6v side wire firmly against the bottom of the battery. Then he rapidly flicked the other wire (on the 6 v side) against the top of the battery. I felt a distinct shock as a MOMENTARY current (at 230*1.5/6 = 57.5 v) was generated by the transformer. Such incidents do more to teach you the basics of a discipline than hours of dry lectures by Professors!
Bro. I'm not that good at doing math. But your example using beer, I understand it now. Thank you. I'm a DIY guy and your videos really help me out so much.
Excellent video. Thanks. Transformer grounding question? I plan to place a step down transformer (110 to 16 V) in a metal box. The box will be grounded using the ground wire from the mains. Which of the following should be grounded to the box: primary winding, transformer core and/or secondary winding?
Daaaaaang! Astonishing simplified explanations. The numbers and calculations go by quite fast, but it's undestandable, you can't make it a maths channel. I'm a new fan of this channel! Mucha appreciated work!
@11:50 you mention the VAr is amounted as heat loss. For anyone reading it should be noted that the Power Factor; ratio between W/VA, is a representation of the phase angle (lagging/leading) of the voltage and current waveforms. A good way to visualise this is by drawing out 2 graphs of Voltage/Current waveforms. 1. Voltage and Current at unity, then draw Real Power on the same graph as (V*I) 2. Voltage and Current at 45deg lag or lead, then draw Real Power on the same graph as (V*I) You should see that the multiple of the waves at offset, compared to unity shows a reduction in RMS Real Power, it's a good visual representation of the losses.
Been watching a lot of videos to better understand conceptually what's happening as I take my electrician courses and this is one of the best explained and presented. Thanks
*This video took a long time to make* if you would like to buy Paul a coffee to say thanks, link below: ☕
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can you make a video how dam and solar make electricity
how smartphone battery works and powersupply
Do a video on how electromagnetic waves are created
I have a question, according to the formula. V.I = power it is true that voltage goes up current comes down and vise a versa but from the other side v= I.R and R is constant so how voyage can go up and current come down?!!!!🧐🧐🧐🧐🧐
Thank you for the information it was helpful.
The Engineering Mindset is the only channel of which i listen through the sponsored section just out of respect for him, great job!
@@jeetenderkakkar7570 wah
Amen. This is an epic channel.
Why, though? It's not like he'll make any more money whether you watch it or not.
@@bruhmomenthdr7575 it's the advert duration time where the money is made. Guess it's the principle why he's watching that bit of the vid. Yet all due respect to the channel.
Me too guy
Of all the electrical engineering videos I have come across, yours are truly the best! The diagrams, pacing, and real-world examples makes learning and remembering so much easier, thank you!
Totally agree. This is an extremely informative and important channel. Haven't seen a better one yet.
5
I took apart and wound Transformers for 40 years and new the fundamentals. But I never learned how things worked out in these formulas. This was very informative. There was hardly a Transformer that I can take apart and not put back together. I did it a lot, but never had time to learn the aspects of it. And again I like your video oh, you're never too old to learn. When I wired houses back in my day, my boss told me there's only two things electricity can do. They can either work for you, or it can kill you. This is always stuck with me all these years.
Cool
*knew
I was just saying the same thing. I make transformers all day for linear amplifiers but I didn’t know all the facts. It’s good stuff to learn.
*never took the time to
Looks like we got a couple Hall monitors here lol. I guess they never made any mistakes that did you guys
I am a mechanic I have read many books that briefly explain induction. They leave me hanging saying the primary windings induce a voltage in the secondary windings … the end. You did a very excellent job at explaining how this happens . You really answered many of my questions thank you so much.
Sir I contact to you
Your videos are just unmatched in quality. Watched a ton of them, always amazed at this each time!
Amen
Sir you send me my personal account
It's scary how effective your videos are at teaching things dude, i have a lot of respect for you just for that.
I personally appreciate the beer glass analogy. It is a simple visual aid for a somewhat complex topic. I would have appreciated it had my instructor used it back when I was in school. Love your content.
1 Team
I have 3 degrees in electronics and electrical engineering , your blog is so wonderful and explanatory. Your lecture on English and European voltage and power being different from American power, was the very best I've ever had . Thanks kindly and good luck .
Could you explain how say in a step down transformer the volts are low but the current is high how that can be used safely in bathrooms and without destroying equipment plugged into it? Like do you also need a resistor in series to lower the amps and if you were to short this current with your finger would it not fry you since it has the same potential as the source voltage?
@@asabovesobelow1362 using an isolation transformer would separate you from earth ground . You would be in danger from shock but not necessarily electrocution. You sound like you understand your circuit .
@@martinfarfsing5995 I'm an electrician but I've never gotten my head around how a step down isolating transformer used in bathrooms can be considered safe if the potential energy is nearly the same, also wouldn't the high current lead to higher cable losses. Idk I the more I think about it the more confusing it gets like how can there be current in a closed circuit and it not gradually overheat.
I guess it has to do with the voltage being low and the resistance of your skin being high, and that the transformer isn't being designed to send over all of it's potential energy.
@@asabovesobelow1362 the power in a closed circuit is limited by the load, resistance in circuit. Use p= I times E and use E= I times R , equations to see this . If R and E and I are constant than P will be too . OHMS AND WATTS laws . Yes , high voltage from any source will kill us . Isolation Xfmr usually has low voltage.
After working 35 years in a power plant, I never actually knew why transformers hummed.
I always thought it was because they didn't know the words.
There was so much more information included in this video than what I came here for, AND IT WAS ABSOLUTELY AWESOME!!!! thoroughly explained all those details with patience and love. and icing on the top was the Beer example which helped big time. Loved it. Thank you for such a thorough explanation :)
Very glad to hear it was of help. If there's anyone you feel could use this video please do send them a link it would really help them and us out
That was helpful 😊
Transformer ratio K= (n1/n2)=(v1/v2)=(i2/i1)
where
V1 : voltage at the primary side
V2 : Voltage at secondary side
N1 : number of turns at the primary side
N2 : number of turns at secondary side
i1 : current at the primary side
i2 : current at secondary side
I studied electronics and the explanations on your channel are the best I've ever seen on every subject.
Found the power triangle and power factor a little tricky to understand but the beer analogy is great.
Very much✌
A detailed explanation of the electrical transformer. Greetings to you💙💙💙💙💙
Probably one of the best videos of this subject. I do believe, however, that you neglected to mention that sometimes transformers with the same number of turns on both the input and the output are used for certain applications. The purpose of that design is to be able to transfer power between two different circuits at the same voltage, but keeping them electrically isolated. If I'm not totally wrong, it is similar in function to a heat exchanger where energy, in the form of heat, is transferred between two isolated systems.
Referred to as 'isolation transformers' and are used mainly to test/troubleshoot damaged and/or outdated/unsafe electronics. Largely as a safety precaution for Vacuum Tube electronics of the pre-60s/70s as they necessarily require high voltage supplies which could electrocute you if accidentally touched while open or if a fault shorted the hot side to the chassis. I forgot exactly but the transformer breaks one possible path for the current to travel through you if you came across the live while touching something grounded
Isolation transformers are used all the time for supplying non linear loads i.e. VFDs and other electronics that are prone to damage from voltage spikes.
We had an overhead AC crane that kept tripping on overvoltage faults. We would simply bucket up to the crane bridge cabinet and reset the drive. This was going on for months and we were getting tired of it.
We got ourselves a 75kva isolation transformer and installed it in between the main switchgear and the breaker panel that fed the crane. After wiring the xfmer after the switchgear and before the breaker, we never had an overvoltage problem again.
I am utterly impressed by the exceptional quality of your electrical engineering videos! It's not an exaggeration to say that your content stands head and shoulders above the rest. The meticulously crafted diagrams are a visual delight, making intricate concepts appear effortlessly clear. Your pacing is a masterclass in itself - it's neither too hurried nor too slow, allowing me to grasp every detail without feeling overwhelmed.
What truly sets your videos apart is the ingenious use of real-world examples. These relatable scenarios not only demystify complex theories but also ensure that the knowledge sticks in my mind like never before. Your dedication to providing such insightful and practical content is genuinely commendable.
I love him telling us not to try anything without qualifications, like that isnt what engineering students do in every lab anyways
Really say sir
This is very informative thank you. I am an automotive tech and in these gasoline engines you need to break the dc current somehow in the primary coil to collapse the magnetic field. Due to the principle of electromagnetic inductance this produces a surge in voltage in the secondary coil. Your explanation goes even further and makes me understand more deeply.
Einstein was supposed to have said that a good teacher can explain very complicated subjects to an 8 year old. I'm a bit older than that... but sometimes I need things explained in simplistic terms. Engineering Mindset is superb at explaining concepts, then building on that and slowly increasing the depth of teaching. I, too listen to the advertising out of respect for the efforts put into these excellent tutorials.
Totally agree, It's the best engineering channel I've seen.
This not just simply explained, but it's master class presentation.
People with 0 knowledge could learn A LOT!
Amazing work!
Thanks and bless You! 🙏
Yep. !!! True that !!! I knew how to say Transformer.... and that was the extent of my knowledge on the subject, Now, not that I have a complete understanding aboot Transformers BUT !!! I now know A Heck of alot more than I thought I'd ever even be able to learn and know aboot Transformers!!! Man,if I only 1 would of had a teacher of that caliber in school I probably would of actually attended classes !!!! makes ME kinda sad m mad to dwell on it!!! Ohhh well, life goes on ‼️👍❗
At 11:50, I would like to suggest a correction. Reactive power is not wasted energy. It is actually wasted energy capacity (transformer in this case). Reactive power just comes back and forth from load and source. So, it is not wasted but only consumes conductor capacity which reduces conductor capacity available for active power.
I have a hard time understanding the subject of kVarh. The beer analogy doesn't explain it well in my opinion, not to mention the differences between lag and lead kVarh.
This is my understanding as well Keval Pandya. I used to work in our state's energy efficiency program and we specifically banned power factor correction devices because they don't save energy (but many mistakenly think they do). It's more about the capacity of the conductor not being used efficiently to deliver power if anything, but not energy efficiency.
@@samfisher874 As an discom engineer here in India, drawing reactive power is heavily discouraged by attracting penalty. Though I don't understand why power factor correcting device should be banned.
@@kvlpnd You're correct, bad power factor is heavily discouraged here in the US in California too. Customers are encouraged to use power factor correction devices if power factor is bad, and if they don't correct for bad power factor there will be a penalty on the bill. But separate from that, is the electric utility's energy efficiency program which gives customers money to purchase efficient LED lighting, premium efficiency motors, etc. Since bad power factor isn't wasted energy, power factor correction devices are not eligible for that money. Occasionally, a misleading/misinformed salesmen will incorrectly claim that a power correction device will save a customer lots of money by reducing energy (kWh or Joules), so it's specifically banned from receiving energy efficiency program money in California. (Hope I explained that well, it's 2:30 am here...)
@@SystemHacker23 Honestly I find it best to avoid analogies and just present a practical example. Motors don't go from totally inactive to totally active - capable of delivering torque to the output shaft - the exact moment electricity is applied. You have to get the core going with some amount of current to magnetize it before it is capable of doing useful work. This is the parasitic inductance. And at the end of each half cycle, the field collapses and this current is returned to the grid. The transmission lines don't know what this current is for, they just see a higher current on them going back and forth, which leads to higher I^2*R losses. Which is why power companies hate poor power factor, and they encourage you to place power factor correction capacitors close to the motor. That way, the capacitor provides this current to build the magnetic field, as well as receive it again when the field collapses, and the power company only delivers the current going into real output power from the shaft.
Consider the parasitic inductance as a shunt element in parallel with the resistive/real power drawn from the output shaft. As a shunt element, it reduces the impedance seen by the grid and causes an increase in apparent current draw, thus higher I^2*R losses on the transmission lines, which are in series (resistors) with this network. When the capacitor is placed also in parallel in the network, it will resonate with the parasitic inductance, and as parallel LC circuits present an open circuit at the terminals at resonance, the parallel LC tank circuit basically becomes an infinite impedance in parallel with the resistor representing shaft power = the circuit simply becomes the transmission lines in series with the real output power of the motor.
Remarkable..today I learnt about transfomers at age of 70 years. For many years I have been attached with mechanical electrical deptts. Chemical is my field. Your lecture is magical. Great great..I wish I could give you Gold Medal.....
Great to hear and thank you. If you know any friends it might help, please share the link with them
12:02 we call that power consumption (total power) in CZ it is "příkon" - i understand it as all energy that goes into a device, and performance, "výkon" the job the device does. We were taught that příkon is always greater than výkon of the device, because of heat etc..
Where I've seen transformers used:
I'm a Sound Engineer by profession and often encounter ground loop hum, especially when touring and working in older venues with high-watt dimmable lighting.
I once worked with a band who's Guitarist was an Electrical Engineer and his single coil pickups were creating an unacceptable buzz. I made sure his amp and pedals were in the same outlet and then ran a lead over to the main PA system to check for a "loop". No dice... He said "hold on"... Went to his van and pulled out a piece of plywood that had a MASSIVE 1:1 transformer on it and several outlets. Thing weighed about 30lb. He wanted to tap into the main inlet at the breaker box but I said "nope" Then he showed me his business card and website so I took a stage breaker out and allowed him to tap in there.
The amps and pedals from his guitar and the bass made absolutely NO unwanted noise. The ground loop that no amount of rewiring could solve was gone.
Heavy. Expensive. *Potentially* dangerous without ground. But useful.
I work for a company building substation transformers as well as mobile substations. This video is spot on.
At 11:50 minor correction. KVAR is stored energy due do reactive components (capacitors or inductors). It is charged and discharged throughout the system and it is stored energy.
However the result is a reactive power creates higher current over your transmission line which result in greater losses. KVARs are sometimes desirable and are used for voltage control.
Aren't capacitators used to lower the VAR and increase the power factor due to a bad cos(phi) by the system only having spools? Then it makes the watt-less(reactive) power fluctuate from spool to capacitor without any energy consumption? Or have i completely messed something up in school?
@@rasmus1600 Yes, but it depends on which side of unity you are looking. Capacitors can be used to reduce inductive VArs; the same way inductors/reactors can be used to reduce capacative VArs. We generally see commercial use requiring motors that all have inductive power factors, for this reason you have probably seen capacitors used to reduce VArs (inductive) by adding capacative VARs. The cos(phi) as you mentioned is a phase lag/lead description of the VArs; and can give a physical description of what the motor induction effect has on the voltage/current waveforms, and likewise how the capacitor introduction can remedy this. It also shows how Real Power (V*I) is lost as cos(phi) increases. Draw the current and voltage graphs at unity (they align); then draw a power wave (V*I). Repeat the same process with some amount of cos(phi) offset on either voltage or current waveforms. Redraw the Real Power (V*I) graph. You will see that with some amount of phase offset, the RMS real power decreases.
I watch the entire video in spanish , and i thougth some one had copied the video and done a translation so we spanish speakers could learn from the video...i had the setting in spanish and i didint know this capabilities existed. It was exelent, a professional presentation in all aspects. What i loved the most was the formulas for knowing coil turns in the primary and secondary , primary coil voltage, secondry coil voltage etc etc thankyou very much for such a professional educational video. Greatings from Monterrey Mexico!
Love the beginning lolz. Great vid!
This video surely feels engineering college class level. (Idrk)
My random hyper-interest in electronics thanks you a lot!
This is a transformer… and there’s more to it than meets the eyes…
Haha ofcourse someone was gonna say but still really funny
This is a transformer... it is in all likelihood a robot in disguise...
I work with them all the time on vintage arcade/pinball games. Lighting is usually either 6 or 12 v ac., and coils use 24 or 50 volts. Some motors and heavy duty coils run off the household current. They very rarely fail, though new folks sometimes think they do. Your video shows how simple they are with no 'moving' parts, though they can vibrate after they have seen many duty cycles.
I hope you make and upload videos about:
- Basic calculations about transistors
(BJT, MOSFET, IGBT, JFET)
- Basic explanation of thrystor and triac
- AC capacitor basic explanation
- The simplest logic gate
- Arduino basic explanation
Never heard of most of these things but since I need to learn what's out there, I would certainly watch those videos
dude there's like a million videos already out there that explain all this stuff
@@tootaashraf1 I know, but most of the explanations are lacking in detail, so there are some who don't understand.
Done them already...go back through the older videos on the channel.
See my new MOSFET explained video here➡️: th-cam.com/video/AwRJsze_9m4/w-d-xo.html
im an apprentice lineman and I have been blown away by the clarity I've received from your videos. liked and subscribed
A few others have said it, but you have reactive power wrong. It's not wasted as heat. Anything generating heat is consuming real power. Reactive power is temporarily stored and returned to the circuit by reactive elements like capacitors and inductors or other devices that exhibit some amount of capacitance or inductance. Reactive power does increase current flow and thereby increases losses due to parasitic resistive effects, such as the resistance of your wires or the eddy current and hysteresis losses in your core, so generally speaking, poor power factor will likely reduce the efficiency of the overall system. In one of your graphics you also labelled power factor as "Efficiency" and you also appeared to have used efficiency and power factor interchangeably after your beer glass analogy. Efficiency and power factor are not the same. While a power factor closer to unity is probably going to be better for efficiency, they are different quantities. Also, I'm not sure if this was just part of your analogy, but it sounded like you said that electricity customers pay for apparent power. This isn't true anywhere where I've lived - at least not as a residential customer. Residential customers in at least Australia and Canada pay for real power, so you generally don't get penalized for poor power factor as a residential customer. I'm pretty sure it's the same in the US. This is why your bill says how may kWh you consumed and not how many kVAh you consumed. I'm not sure whether other jurisdictions penalize small consumers for small power factor or not. Large industrial and commercial users may have different contracts with their utilities that charge them more or less based on their power factor.
Well written post. But even domestic/ residential customers help keep the power factor close to 1. The fan manufacturers, where I live, put a capacitor (capacitive load) in the circuit to oppose the inductive load of the fan motor and bring the fan's PF closer to 1. I don't know whether this is mandated by law or done voluntarily by the fan mfr to "help out" :)
I do know I only pay for reactive power at my residence (68 yo, male, retired), in South Asia.
Also I have had fights with my wife and 2 grown up D (if these 2 are around at that time) when they want to run some appliance off the solar panels when the main supply is absent. Try explaining that though the mixie motor may be rated "only" as 750 w, using it makes lights go dim and affects the TV/ computer! I have come to a stage where I am informed about the need to run the mixie, I shut off my computer and other non essential loads and give the green signal. Even then it comes as a surprise how dim the only light on becomes as the mixie motor takes both resistive and inductive loads from the panels.
I also want to praise the man who "invented" the concept of square root of (minus 1) as the ONLY way to deal with electrical circuits having inductive/ capacitive loads! Along with the wheel, 2 brilliant inventions.
This is the best explanation of electricity since I took a year of radio and TV repair in vo-tech!! I understand all of this... Wow... Thanks!!!
"America is/does/uses X, the rest of the world uses Y" is one of the most common phrases in science and technology. The US just likes being awkward.
and use the term "America" to refer only to the US as well
When you realize people in different places do things differently 🤯
It's not the United States citizens, literally. It's not us, not the common folk. We didnt implement the electrical grid systems used. We go along with what was already established for us, to be used. It actually works pretty well.
No we don’t like being awkward but we are just better the the rest of the world, Just my opinion and don’t care about your opinion
It's almost like America separated it's self from Europe and all of it's science developed independently. Shocking, isn't it?
Thank you for this video! As an electrician for 23 years this was one of the most informational videos I have actually watched in awhile. You done a very good job explaining exactly how this works. This video will teach so much to someone getting into the trade or even ones that has been doing electrical but never the line side/transformer side of the trade.
Misleading Title. I came to listen to Optimus-Prime explain "How transformers work."...
Quite an amazing job. The most toughest task is to make others understand and this piece has achieved it exceptionally well...👏
lol yeah, i mean isnt score indicative enough though, true theyre expensive they all do, and they all sound great
Thanks!
Thank you!
Thank you. I have always been wonderring why we can "hear" electricity around the power grid. Now I know why.
I am a Quality Inspector at a transformer manufactory so... I see them all the time! 😉 We manufacture Power Transformers (Core and Shell-type), Distribution Transformers, Power Casts and also Mobile Substations.
Very helpful video, especially for HVAC. Understanding how all the components work together is important and I will definitely be passing this on to my apprentices
sir i am very fan of u. but sometimes i confused because it's too fast, but in the other hand i appreciated all ur videos sir.. thank u...
Really excellent video. Answered a lot of questions I have always wondered about.
I’m an instructor and teach a course on basic electrical components and your videos are all I use to help my students understand. You don’t know how much you have helped me and my students. Thank you so much, I truly appreciate you and your work!
I am thinking of implementing the same thing I've already told the apprentices to use this channel
@@bmello452 my students love the videos and they say it helps them a lot to understand what we are talking about. I truthfully struggle trying to explain some of these items and he does such a great job!
Reactive power itself is not causing the loss. Its the current that reactive power carries that when pass through the wire, causes heat loss based on wire resistance. Example. If a transformer delivers 100W real power @ 10v, 10A to a load and load has a power factor of 0.5, the reactive power is 100VAR to the load. There is another 10A flowing through the transformer coils (coils carrying 20 amps total), not doing any work but since its flowing through the coils, the heat generated by this current is I^2xR so by getting the power factor as close to 1 as possible, we get the reactive power as close to zero so the current flowing in the coils is as close to 10A as possible, improving the transformer efficiency. A load that eats 200VA but delivers only 100W of work has a power factor of 0.5. The transformer will need to be rated 200VA to supply that load. Put some caps on load and bring the power factor close to 1 and the transformer required can be 110VA to power the same load.
when current and voltage are given
formula: Ip * Vp = Is * Vs
when voltage and turns are given
formula :
Vp * Ns = Vs * Np
No need to remember other formula. Lots of love from Nepal
Model train sets, door chimes, radio with tubes like RCA Radiola 60. pole pigs or distribution
xfrmrs on utility poles. Actaully there is a tansformer in your car, the ignition coil. It too has a
primary coil powered by the 6 or 12 volt battery, The points worked by a cam would energize the primary, when the points opened high voltage jumped the spark plug and in old car radios with tubes, there was a vibrator that alernatively powered a split primary or a center tap and the
vibrator powered one leg then the other and this made the hig voltage for the plates in the tubes.
Didn't think I'd be one of the 1000 people that got a month free in skillshare hahaha. Was bored and tested my luck. Thanks a lot man, I appreciate it.
Sir I kindly request you to make a video related to current, voltage, charge, charge carriers, why voltage flows in the opposite direction to the direction of current, electrons and holes, conventional current etc. Lots of confusion in all these types of topics. So please help 🙏🙏🙏
The word "request" is very aggressive when asking for a favor, you could start by saying "Could you please"
Please see our other videos, we already covered all of this
There actually was a video about the ohm’s law and the basic physics behind electronics, it doesn’t go too deep into fields and other stuff tho, just what the engineer needs.
Beer analogy was best one🔥🔥🔥
I taught a class on power, generators, and motors. This was the class that most students had trouble with. Great job.
30+ years ago, I took that class. It was indeed challenging and, dare I say it versus nascent digital classes, boring. Yet here I am 30 years later in the large power transformer industry (Dutch OEM). Old school craftsmanship is a huge component to producing high quality power transformers.
I do appreciate him taking the time to making me more knowledgeable 👍❗
My pleasure
P.S. I Love 🖤 your moniker! It's very cool sounding,like The Architect,or the Mechanic, The Correcter HaHa 😹
P.S I really like your moniker, It's very cool sounding, like The Architect or The Mechanic, or how aboot The Correcter 😹 HA-HA !!!!
Great explaining..thank you
Deze video is legendarisch, heeft me gered van mijn Natuurkunde toets. Erg bedankt. :)
How the increasing in frequency helps to decreases the size of transformer🤔
Each AC cycle electric energy is converted to magnetic, and back again. The amount of magnetic energy that a transformer can 'store' is more or less linear in its mass. At a higher frequency, more of these cycles occur, hence the same transformer would transform more power, or the same power can be transferred by a smaller transformer. For further interest, study transformer equations and it Will be more clear.
@@PlayboyHZ 🤝
@@PlayboyHZ can you explain it simply
@@kks319 buckets of water, it takes alot more cups of water to fill a swimming pool but you can move cups alot faster than buckets in the same period of time
@@kks319 There is no simple explanayion. If you want to learn it to be able to use it someday, maybe in an isolated converter topology, you need to open a book and read about electromagnetics and transformers and inductors. TH-cam videos only give you fundamental stuff, but thats barely enough to do something usefull.
This channel is worth listening through all the advertisement in it. It's always worth the time.
There is a simple way to calculate current ,number of turns and the voltage according to the ratio:
Vp/Vs=Np/Ns=Is/Ip=constant ratio
Where:
Vp is primary voltage
Vs is secondary voltage
Np is primary number of turns and so on....
It's all same thing.
Videos like these are the reason why this channel is one of the best channels I've subscribed to
In india they use 3 phase transformers and the secondary side of the stepped end down version has 3 phases and 1 neutral in total 4 outputs. Each phase ranges between 215 volts to 240 volts and neautral being zero. Each home will either have 1 phase n neutral or 3 phase and neutral. The primary side has 3 phases . Each phase has around 11kilo volts.
Thank you, do you know we also have a Hindi channel? th-cam.com/channels/g4k338hz9U8jnD5SXPO5jQ.html
We have the same system here in The Netherlands, do you have any video suggestions where i can see how this type of transformer work?
Great video. Started studying C.P. Steinmetz years ago & when I hear talk about electrons now I try to think about it the way he knew it worked, field theory (electron is 1 unit of dielectric force not a particle), and the dance of the atoms is even more beautiful and simple. Crazy he invented all of the math we use to build the electrified world today & he's suppressed because of his scientific beliefs. Great video thanks for your work this channel is awesome.
It's been a long time since I learned about transformers (in much much greater detail) but I believe you got one thing very wrong!
Reactive power is NOT wasted energy! It's more like an useless energy that oscialates back and forth. It's still unwanted from the efficiency perspective since it takes capacity and causing some increased heat losses due to apparent current being higher than true/usefull current.
Power factor is also known as cos (phi), not to be confused with transformer (or whatever) efficency (n or eta)
PF and cosphi are two different things..
@@snowywhite9663 Wrong, they're the same thing if we assume a perfect sinusoidal wave. In reality there is allways some harmonic distorsion quantified with THD
Certainly, the best video of transformers online.
Thank you for making this videos you don't know how much they helped me. greeting from Saudi 🙏🏼
This video cover's my whole physics chapter "Electromagnetic Induction".
Excellent 🥰🥰
I had this doubt about transformers and electricity and magnetism class teacher didn't help with my current question, that and the fact that she's only "giving" an online class so "questions" as far as how does this work are out of the equation.
Excellent class and it's free
Have my like good sir
Here in Seattle I have noticed that when we have wind storms it is not uncommon that transformers explode! Very loud/very scary especially in the city or in residential areas. Why does this happen? 5:35
This post has come just in time for me because we are studying transformer right now.
I am a Service Supervisor for a company called Allmand. The last ten years I have worked with AC power. I did not come from an electrical background and learned everything from experience and electrical engineers. My company mfg portal light towers, heaters and generators from 8kw to 45 kw. Our light towers use 1250 watt metal halide lights, x 4 per unit. The ac generator produces 1 phase 120/240 to light breakers. Each breaker sends power to transformer that will increase power to each light (360-440 +/- 10%).
Hi! I used some transformers recently when I installed new pool lights in one of my properties. I installed 4 transformers, each converting 220 volts from the city to 12 volts. The pool lights only run on 12 volts and nothing more for safety reasons, you don’t want 220 volts anywhere near your pool! Thanks for the amazing content.
I've been work with electricity for about 6 years now and was just told to accept iron and copper losses were a thing. But now I understand them. That's awesome!!!
the best theory video of transformers
It's taken me many years and qualifications to get the confidence to touch a transformer but I think after this video, I finally feel confident, despite just finishing a domestic installation course 😂 videos are always on point 👌
It has taken me months to get an answer to the question of why we use AC instead of DC. I finally found the answer in this video. Thank you.
I am a first year industrial electrical apprentice and this was very helpful thank you for sharing and explaining very well.
Thank you very much for explaining slowly 👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍
That's the best class about an engineering subject that I've ever watched on youtube. Thank you so much!
Thank You!
this presentation is clear, precise & it gets to the point without using industry jargon
Best tutorial ever I found about Transformers👌👌
Thank you very much for the video 👏.
This is honestly a great great video 👏🏼👏🏼👏🏼👏🏼👏🏼
I 68, m, studied engineering many moons ago (seventies) and one memory is of challenging someone and finding out he was right. A fellow student went round the hostel asking us whether we believed we could get a shock from a 1.5 AA battery? I scoffed and said "of course not".
Promptly he took out a 1.5 AA battery and a transformer (230 v AC to 6 DC) removed from its case. He asked me to hold the 230 v side wires and held one 6v side wire firmly against the bottom of the battery. Then he rapidly flicked the other wire (on the 6 v side) against the top of the battery. I felt a distinct shock as a MOMENTARY current (at 230*1.5/6 = 57.5 v) was generated by the transformer.
Such incidents do more to teach you the basics of a discipline than hours of dry lectures by Professors!
I do industrial electrical work and anytime I have a question about something I come straight to this channel.
Great channel. The only channel I buy merch from.
Bro. I'm not that good at doing math. But your example using beer, I understand it now. Thank you. I'm a DIY guy and your videos really help me out so much.
Excellent video. Thanks.
Transformer grounding question?
I plan to place a step down transformer (110 to 16 V) in a metal box. The box will be grounded using the ground wire from the mains. Which of the following should be grounded to the box: primary winding, transformer core and/or secondary winding?
This is such a good explanation, i have watched a lot of videos about this subject but this one takes the price! very very nice, thank you !
Daaaaaang! Astonishing simplified explanations. The numbers and calculations go by quite fast, but it's undestandable, you can't make it a maths channel. I'm a new fan of this channel!
Mucha appreciated work!
As an bhutanese (Asian) ...the way you say "THIS IS A TRANSFOMA " is so satisfying to hear ...we say TRAANSFORRMERRR here ..😆
One of the best masterpiece of youtube
@11:50 you mention the VAr is amounted as heat loss. For anyone reading it should be noted that the Power Factor; ratio between W/VA, is a representation of the phase angle (lagging/leading) of the voltage and current waveforms. A good way to visualise this is by drawing out 2 graphs of Voltage/Current waveforms.
1. Voltage and Current at unity, then draw Real Power on the same graph as (V*I)
2. Voltage and Current at 45deg lag or lead, then draw Real Power on the same graph as (V*I)
You should see that the multiple of the waves at offset, compared to unity shows a reduction in RMS Real Power, it's a good visual representation of the losses.
I like the way you teach all of the viewers
7:05 - I found the "push and pull" analogy very helpful - cheers!
For what? What are u working on?
Been watching a lot of videos to better understand conceptually what's happening as I take my electrician courses and this is one of the best explained and presented. Thanks
Thank you so much for the simple clear explanation. ❤❤❤
Very professional work, Thanks my friend ♥️♥️♥️♥️
Where have you been when I used to learn that staff... Great content. PLS, don't stop.
We are understanding Engineering now BETTER..
Thanks to The Engineering Mindset !!
Thanks a lot for useful video and perfect animation 👍👍👍👍