Immunology Lecture Mini-Course, 6 of 14: Humoral Immune Response

www.einstein.yu.edu - Immunology Lecture 6 of 14: "The Humoral Immune Response." Harris Goldstein, M.D., director, Einstein-Montefiore Center for AIDS Research, professor of pediatrics and microbiology & immunology and the Charles Michael Chair in Autoimmune Diseases, delivers a mini-course that provides a comprehensive overview in basic immunology for graduate and medical students and for anyone interested in understanding how the immune system works. This mini-course was organized by the KwaZulu-Natal Research Institute for Tuberculosis and HIV (K-RITH) at the Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa to provide Sub-Saharan students, research trainees and HIV and TB investigators with a comprehensive course in immunology. (January 2010).
See related lecture slides at:
streaming.einstein.yu.edu/docs...

[@nickbuitrago-pocasangre1795]

These lectures have been amazing, very easy to understand.

[@camy563]

Awesome! Thanks a ton!!!!

[@jeanneirland4353]

Thanks for posting these videos and thanks to Dr. Goldstein. I am taking this class in an online format and need the explanation of an audio presentation.

[@ballin2554]

Thank you so much Dr. Goldstein!

[@shardule1]

Such a beautifully run lecture. Thank you.

[@vgzuvcfhbcgf5831]

Thank you so much for this! Abbas is a bit boring to read and this saved me.

[@sashieba]

thanks so much for posting these! really really helpful, and surprisingly fun :)

[@djandahalf]

Excellent !!

[@say2577]

Thank you.

[@serendipitychild9636]

Wow. These are a really good set of lectures.
I have a query about the tetanus-toxoid vaccines..
if we all have circulating high-affinity antibodies to tetanus toxin (having been immunised), why would an naive B-cells capable of binding the saccharide be able to compete? Surely the anti-tetaus antibodies would result in the rapid clearing of the innoculation, and so there should be inefficient/ low level activation of the saccharide-reactive b-cells. If someone can shed some light, I would be grateful!

[@harrisgoldstein2449]

An excellent question. I would reply that since the vaccine is given by intradermal or intramuscular route, the levels of antibody in those tissues are very low and would not clear the tetanus before the B cells can bind the linked polysaccharide. This may be different if the vaccine was given intravenously where high levels of antibody are available to bind the vaccine.

[@serendipitychild9636]

Thanks :) this is a very satisfying answer.

[@HELPMEREACHKSUBSWITHOUTA-ph5me]

Solve my doubt plz
There are two kinds of antibody structures shown everywhere
1. Structural antibody
2.functional anyibody
Are they same or different plz explain this is very confusing

[@carcaperu4041]

27:00 Questions about conjugated vaccines.
1)With a tetanus toxin/polysaccharide vaccine , do you get immunity to both the toxin and polysaccharide?
2) If the person is already vaccinated to toxin, does the vaccine fail?
3)Similarly, two conjugated vaccines with the same protein but diferent polysaccharides, does the second vaccination fail?

[@harrisgoldstein2449]

1) Yes, you will get an antibody and T cell response to the toxin. In addition, when a polysaccharide-specific B cell internalizes the tetanus-ploysaccharide vaccine by its polysaccharide-specific antibody, it will process the vaccine, present tetanus peptides to a tetanus-specific CD4+ T cells and recruit T cell help to enable the polysaccharide-specific B cell to class-switch to IgG production and increase its affinity by somatic hypermutation.
2) It will actually work better because there are more pre-existing tetanus-specific CD4+ T cells that can provide help to the polysaccharide-specific B cell presenting teatanus toxoid-derived peptides. That is why we use as the protein one that the person has already been immunized for.