This was the original meaning of the term ' third world ' , it just meant a country not aligned to nato or the Warsaw pact . That meant that both Sweden and Switzerland were third world countries . Yes that term has definitely changed its meaning .
Some call it 'repurposed'. Some call it 'misappropriated'. Either way the term holds little merit in economics today, if classification is the goal, and not just general talk.
@@invidusspectator3920 The reason being that they were very much at the center stage of the Cold War and also lead no active efforts to create a third alternative to the big blocs.
Gamal Abdel Nasser once stated: "The genius of you Americans is that you never make clear-cut stupid moves, only complicated stupid moves which make the rest of us wonder at the possibility that we might be missing something"
At least America’s leaders were competent enough to feign intelligence back then now nobody is under the illusion that they have something special up their sleeve when their contemporary leaders are so abysmal
The building where the Bandung Conference took place is still preserved and features an exhibition of the conference as well as mannequins placed in seats where the delegates were so when you visit it, it looks as if you're watching the historic event unfold.
I can respect why many nations wanted nothing to do with either America or Russia. Because what was going on between them both wasn't pretty. My compliments to all those who made this video a reality.
Because both are dumb lol. SO EXTREME. The best system is mixed system. Or at least socialism. Capitalism n Liberalism is bad. So is Communism(both government style n economic system). And Indonesia's system is actually mixed.(supposed to be mix of them but now under Jokowi presidency, their economic is into capitalism and their government into the dictatorship) And islam itself work on mixed stuff.
@@DBT1007 i live in a post socialism country (Czech republic) Socialism harmed us so badly we haven't recovered to our first republic era yet. What you want to say is that Social Democracy is a good mix of both, in which I agree. But full on socialism or laissez-faire capitalism are both really bad for their own reasons
Thanks for Finally Making a video on NAM. Fun Fact -- During the 2nd Asian Conference, Indian PM Nehru had to send his trusted friend and pilot Biju Pattnaik to airlift Sukarno out of Indonesia under the Dutch Nose. Sukarno finally addressed the conference, pitching the idea for Indonesian Independence at a greater level.
Biju Patnaik (an odia) was also Chief minister of odisha and his son biju Patnaik (founder and head of BJD party) won election in odisha(2001) and became its CM (even upto now)
Correct 👍 and Soekarno's famous statement was "That colonialism in the world must be abolished because it is not in accordance with humanity and justice" and that is what supports the Asian and African nations to establish the Asia-Africa conference
Well, I have the picture of this event somewhere in my facebook group. It's quite memorable since there's many confusion about who's the Indian guy is, even some thought he was Turkish/Arab 😅
The nonalignment movement was successful at helping third world countries to boost their international ties and boost economic and political cooperation. Panama received a great back up and from the movement when the negotiations for the recovery of the land of Panama Canal started.
The movement helped many african countries gain their independece, particulary in North Africa. It's no wonder the most resistancr came from western "democratic" countries, not the soviet.
Sadly if major countries of the movement werent recovering from destruction of post WW2 and deonolizations wich robbed them much of needed resorces.The movement itself wouldve been 100x times more effective bcs then for Example Yugoslavia nd India wouldnt need to spend huge amount of money to recover their own country first but woudl be ablte to put more money into expansion and development of the movement alongside boost alot of otehr counteirs that woudl like to trade and cooperate and boost the cosntructioon of ports and important infrastructures that are tied to trading and that way directly and indirectly boost otehr branches of production.
@@goranstojanov1160 Just for the record, people often forget that the reason why the USA outperforms a relatively similar sized Europe is not some kind of mythical economical superiority but rather the simple fact that US-Americans work _a lot more_ on average ( givin rise to the infamous Europeans work to live, Americans live to work sentiment ) and also that nearly all of Europe went through some of the worst destruction of its entire history, followed by decades of fairly hostile occupation under an pretty unefficient regime pretty much less than a century ago.
Sadly post 1965 Soekarno was “usurped” by Soeharto and he began to lean more towards the west, starting with communist purge of 1965-1967, and culminating with the invasion of east timor which practically voids all of Indonesia’s pledge towards anti colonialism before it, such a shame. After the fall of Soeharto, its replacement, BJ Habibie did what a sane person would do, started a referendum in order to release East Timor and allow for self determination, then we restart our free and active non aligned policy again, with varying level of success each year
The problem was during confrontation happen. If Malaysia won't break the treaty will be stable but yea since the U.K won't give the independence (even they decolonize hut still have the U.K connect) so that makes Soekarno was angry also the Philippines also many generals have been not loyal for reasonable like yea they have been paid or something exchange for intelligence so not a big surprise for bloody hell U.S.A, the U.K has a role if they have to purge against commie but with awful and not bring the court of rights.
@@MultiDivebomber Nah it was because of what the U.S.A have done to do with Indonesia by coup Permesta. If you say good things that would be awful because human rights in New Order just yea that means you oppose and they will be executed you.
@@PitunghereTNOschizo100 If suharto didn't take the initiative, TNI-AD will be led by red generals. With PKI having so much power and full backing from the army, just imagine what will happen when Sukarno passes away.
@@MultiDivebomber Not really, remembers what Aidit and Kahar were worried but also they made a fatal mistake why? because they just do that in secret not public. But since every figure out of Aidit and the rest of PKI is out of Java doesn't know for this so they are getting blunder as a result after the '30s happened all private who involved getting worse like tortured until they admit they are PKI meanwhile they are not, execute people without trial and reasonable and worse Nasution who actually thrown Soekarno and change Soeharto he get down and expelled from his ranks, also their policy was good but no longer because corrupt (KKN) was growth and fist of the military was used even they actually use Dwifungsi (2 functional of the army as politics) but that's made more worse because they are yea just betray for themselves. Irony was it ?
Finally someone (outside) talks about this. REMEMBER! Non aligned does not mean lack of bilateral relations. It's like being friendly to anyone without being part of their group.
The basic principle of NAM was called "peaceful active co-existence", worth mentioning. Also, President Tito was very clear on many occasions: no, NAM is not "the Third Bloc". That is crucial to understand NAM.
Technically, it was. These countries all shared the sentiment that they wanted to coexist and further their interests without committing to either the west or the east. They may not have shared an army or comparable institutions to either the NATO or the Warsaw Pact but ultimately, when looking at the grand scheme of things, the "bloc" was politically active ( contrasted by a completely neutral place like Switzerland ) and also interested in strengthening its own position although not to defeat the other blocs. In conclusion, while it is not a third power in the sense of the Warsaw pact , it’s level of organization and political activism leaves little room for the idea that it was not a bloc in its own right, distinct yet comparable to the more (in?)famous alliances.
Having lived during the Cold War and served in the Military during that time in the later half 75 - 85. I love your channel as it fleshes out the history of the Cold War from its beginning to its end ( if it really ends or just changes form). Thank you for this awesome channel =)
My family live in Bandung for many years (since my grandma's childhood if i'm not mistaken) and she remember clearly the day of Asian African Summit (since she was dating my Grandpa not far from the summit building). And she said there was many cars and many foreigners and it's fun to watch
Mine too, but sadly at the time this happened, my family was stayed in nearby Sumedang bc the chaos of Islamist revolution years prior and returned to Bandung around 70's
funny how misunderstood the term "third world country" is. Generally it is interpreted something like "third class citizen" when really it's more like "third party candidate" or "taking the third option" post cold war it should be a badge of honor more than else. I bet vietnam would have preferred staying 3rd world country.
Yugoslavia and other members of the NAM benefited heavily from the movement. Even thow Yugoslavia was a socialist republic it had big export focused companies which exported primarily to the non aligned movement members. One of the companies was the Bosnian Energoinvest. In 1958, Energoinvest was conducting business in markets in more than 20 countries from Mexico to Malaysia. By 1987, Energoinvest was the largest exporter in the former Yugoslavia in reaching its business peak turnover of one billion dollars with 42,000 employees. Energoinvest has tens of thousands of kilometers of transmission lines, thousands of substations, a number of hydro and thermal power plants, and process and industrial plants on all continents. It had a bigger gdp than Bosnia and Herzegovina has today.
Yugoslavia is the Pearl of socialism. China once opposed Yugoslavia's policy, but later had to admit that Yugoslavia is the best socialist country. During China's economic reform, Deng Xiaoping sent people to investigate. Those who came back said that Yugoslavia's economy was very good. They introduced many excellent technologies, produced the best products, and sold goods to the world. However, the foreign exchange control is weaker, and the US dollar and West German mark can be used. If the external economic environment deteriorates, it will certainly lead to the accelerated deterioration of the domestic economy. Therefore, China has a very strict monetary policy.
@@可爱包-c4v Yugoslavia was the only socialist country not failing because of socialism but because of tension between nations or better their leaders after Tito died. Yugoslavia was also much more danegerous to the US than Soviet union. Im not kidding, because there was not a lot US workers (US voters) who would live in soviet style of the country however if they knew the yugoslavia style socialism a lot of them would choose it.
@@altergreenhorn I'm a fan of Yugoslavia...but the US didn't fear Yugoslavia at all. They sent them a huge amount of military and financial aid. Yugoslavia feared the USSR along with Bulgaria would invade after the split with Tito...hence why the SFRJ had to pivot to the West. That's why you'll see old American arms and equipment during the civil wars.
@@MTLB85 actually America was afraid of Yugoslavia, thats one of the reasons they were heavily involved in its break up. America sent money and arms so Yugoslavia wouldnt fall totally to the side of USSR, they basically kept Yugo as a buffer zone with USSR. After USSR broke up, there was no need for a successfull socialist nation like Yugoslavia to be in between, thus making it more of an enemy than an ally. And for proof that America was involved in the break up of Yugoslavia, first they imposed sanctions on all products, basically cutting all ties and money flow. Then the US goverment passed an appropriation act in 1991. that states that if any of the Yugoslav republics want military and financial aid they will have to become independent.
I commend the effort taken in making this video. This is a topic not known by a huge amount of people outside the member countries of the movement and is often ignored in the broad narrative of this phase of history. A huge thanks for making this video. By an Indian.
I agree I studied the Cold War here in Britain as part of my history/politics degree in the 90s and the main topics were Europe and the east/west divide there. Good luck to India in its issues with China although I’m sure India can deal with China 👍 A Brit
@@nigeh5326 Lmao good luck with that *India is literally surrounded by Chinese influence while at the same time America aka the backstabber also doesn’t truly trust India and has disliked them since the 1970s* It also doesn’t help that China has lobbying in the UN and the U.S which makes whatever India says completely useless. India managed to get all of it’s neighbors against it in some form idek how 1: Pakistan as usual is it’s main enemy 2: China as usual is also a main enemy 3: Sri Lanka has Chinese debt and a bad past with India 4: Nepal wants no dam Indian or Chinese influence 5 : Bhutan doesn’t care 6: They recently losing their influence over Bangladesh 7: Myanmar works with China which makes it an Indian enemy 8: Afghanistan was lost to the Taliban which the Pakistanis support See how fucked India is in it’s own neighborhood ? They managed to fuck up big time Also they somehow managed to betray Russia for America to go against China , when somehow America was the one to build up this modern day CCP China The more you look at it , India played itself which the silly Indian nationalists can’t admit
well geopoliticaly he was a genous BUT internaly HE WAS HORRIBLE cb he instilled the for brotherly union slogan,forbade churches,imrpisoned priests,LITERALY hushed down and let ustashi to destroy wast amount of evidences about Jasenovac concetration cam and many otehr things.Then any intelectual or group ofpeople that went against Brotehrly union slogan was imrpisoned,tourcured and executed by fire sqads.Then when serbian intelectuals and peopel were against hushing/putting Ustashi attrocities agaings Serbs,Jews,Roma to be put under the rug nad erasing it form the memmory many were imprisone or executed for bringing anything about that up.He was RUTHGLES especialy to those that werent on his side of ideology.
@@goranstojanov1160 People always do what is expedient than what is right. I can't say that the aforementioned figures were good people. Many blunders, controversies, and even massacres they may have to be hold accountability for. But I must admit, against all odds, they carried out their perspective young emerging countries and lead through the diffulties so they could survive from the total annihilation by nuclear wielding titans.
Indonesia were nonalliant in-name-only. The ASEAN group were born out to balance against Vietnam. Many of main the countries in the ASEAN (Thailand, Phillipine, Malay, Singapore and Indonesia, etc) had troops stationed in Vietnam fighting on the US side. This is even written on Wikipedia and is still there now.
@@shamancosmo7245 after Soeharto took power in 1966, Indonesia was drifting to the west. ASEAN is one of their efforts to protect Southeast Asia against communism. Invasion of East Timor is also part of this anti-communist strategy.
@@shamancosmo7245 Hey buddy, in reading Indonesian cold war history you gotta separate it into 2 major eras: pre-1965, and post-1965. Indonesia being "pro-west" through ASEAN was definitely the post-1965 side of things, because we had a communist purge in 1965-1967. But prior to that? 1950-1959 you can say we are truly a non-alliant - we had both large nationalist, communist, and islamist parties. 1959-1965 we started leaning towards the communists, but not the USSR side, actually more to the Chinese/Mao's side (was at the same time there was the USSR-China split as well) But then the 1965 purges happened soooo we did a 180 on the whole "lean left" project. And again, what I'm saying here, is a very simplified version. Go read more stuff to get a clearer picture
@@jtgd no I stopped watching History Channel waaay before 2005, switched to the then Military Channel but soon cut the cable cord and discovered TH-cam channels.
@@garyfrombrooklyn like 10 years ago I got super into the Military History channel which was basically a 90s video dump of the History archive. I haven't seen it for a long time
So this channel chooses to ignore the bombing of the Kashmir princess and the attempt assassination of Zhou enlai on his way to the Bandung conference? "America was weary of this new movement" No they were instantly and aggressively hostile to it in every way
Lmao, USA is selfish. And let's not forget despite being one of the founders, Indonesia was quite... Let's say, 'romantic' with Soviet Union. USSR didn't seem to have much problem with NAM, well not as much as USA, USSR was interested in friendship, tho. Indonesia offered nearly no help in this friendship but the possibility of befriending a large neutral country that has the ability to grow exponentially in later years make USSR quite affectionate. Indonesia even have its own communist party as a sign of sisterhood. Ofc, later on, the communist party revolted, killed many national heroes savagely, tried to shake one of the five pillars of Indonesia, and the nation was purged in a civil war that has Sukarno, the first president who hate imperialist UK and USA, fell from his position and got replaced by Suharto who cut off our friendship with USSR and started leaning more to USA. There's a reason on why many Indonesians still believe CIA from USA has a hand in Sukarno's fall and Indonesia's New Order (Dictatorship), everything after Sukarno's fall gave fortune to USA. The thing that Sukarno would never consider giving USSR was given to USA easily. A bunch of cunning leech. I hate communism just like every other Indonesian, but most of us don't actually believe USSR is the reason of the revolt. USSR was reluctant to dip their hands on Indonesia's politics back then, since Sukarno was already pretty clear in his neutrality and strict conduct.
@@dorian4646 even tho the Doctors who did the autopsy were saying they just got shot and none as brutal as Soeharto's Journal during the search and rescue op. PKI does did nasty stuff but Soeharto also did his part in more worse manner too
Just a sidenote for non-indonesians, Soekarno and Soeharto ARE NOT the same people, people tend to confused the two together as the same person whenever we talk about the history of politics in Indonesia
6:25 Colonialism is not only about physically being present in some country. Its also about exploitation, treating whole nations as inferior and forceful imposition of colonial/imperial agendas. People of Yugoslavia had plenty of experience with that throughout history. So it was not only about economics but about *actual* human and national rights. It was a movement against "might makes right" principle which rules the world to this day. Admittedly, to a lesser extent.
@@guyincognito7979 don't forget the worst thing ever done to the Yugoslavs was done by the Yugoslavs themselves. to n extent that even their former masters (Ottomans with Albanians, Germans with Croats) openly disapproved of.
Came here to say this. Does the hundreds and hundreds of years under the Ottomans and Hapsburgs count as colonialism? The consequences of massive empires trampling the region are felt to this day, which is the very definition of postcolonialism.
At a summit in 1962 VP Lyndon Johnson asked Indian PM Jawaharlal Nehru "What makes a man turn non-aligned? Lust for gold? Power? Or were you just born with a heart full of non-alignment?
With that kind of mindset It's no wonder Johnson plunged America into Vietnam War. People, especially from poorer countries just want a peace so they can build their country, educate their people away from influence and bullying of big rich imperialist countries.
That Johnson guy really sped the US total involvement in that Vietnam civil war, because of that decision Millions of Vietnamese ppl and 55,000 American service men lost their lives.
I'm in Belgrade right now and a few weeks back all the diplomats of the non-aligned movement came here, and the place where their meeting was talking place was right across the street from my school. It was huge, teh whole city was covered in flags and a bunch of roads we're closed.
Ah, one of my favorite aspects of cold war, back in highschool days, these stuff are often learned when it comes to history class Years later, it's come to alive once more in this video, thanks :)
non-aligned movement contribute greatly in de escalating of the global tension, providing a neutral ground for both west and east side. imagine back then if every country had to choose side, the world war 3 would be happen already.
@@peacechan4500 yep in this era now economics war to get more influence for both side, because economics always have feedback from long-term profit. Just look at china now always focus for economics exchange of course don't forget debt, rather than West block use traditional method make pact for war look at a cold war 2.0, for that you have free market for Inteligent service, & weapon armament. Don't forget last thing if they give bonus a bloody civil war ! Just look at middle east crumble because of oil I am say this from my perspective because when china invest in my country meanwhile my neighbor Australian make pact for nuclear submarine, and finally I can watch fire works closely
In my country Indonesia, the Bandung Conference is taught in schools as some kind of national pride. Indonesia's first president, Sukarno, is portrayed as one of the world's leader. NAM was also a national pride, especially when Indonesia held the chairman position. Unfortunately, NAM had never have geopolitical significance. The members, including Indonesia, broke the Bandung princioles. For example, Indonesia annexed East Timor in 1976. NAM members also fought wars against each other. India vs Pakistan, for example. And they both eventually aligned to either side of the Cold War (Pakistan to US, India to Soviet). North Korea invaded South Korea. Vietnam aligned with Soviet. Cuba as well, so far as triggering the missle crises in early 60s. NAM was, and is, just a BS.
@@totoabubakar1008 yes, but we can't ignore the fact that NAM doesn't have any agenda whatsoever for the past decades. US, China, Russia, Iran, Saudi, all have places in geopolitical chess board, but not NAM. Nobody take NAM seriously.
The bunch of misfits with impractical agenda. It was impossible to follow all 10 principles. The important point however is NAM despite not following what they committed to, is still a success and after the 1991, the world has become more and more multiploar, NAM members have their golden age being historically non-aligned and multi-partnered.
The sad thing was members of NAM became aligned to one of the two sides later on. For eg. India aligned itself closely to USSR. Sometimes Soviets influenced India's foreign policy.
Not really, sometimes they have a relationship just for defense or the economy, it's always has been even Tito has a connection with other Europe even western.
"alligned" but not neccesarily member of PACT nor Soviet ally, same as Indonesia post soekarno where they "alligned" with US but not a member of NATO nor US Ally, the goal of NAM isnt restricting them from doing business or making treaty to any super power that exist at the time
Non-aligned doesn't mean neutral for example Yugoslavia actively supported Palestine against Israel and Algerian independence against France and Cuba was also member of the non-aligned movement well I don't have to explain that
Finally someone made video about Non aligned movement. Bcs these countries may not as fancy in popular culture such vietnam war, korean war , etc. But not fueling the conflict is the most respectfull idea .
In 2019, my school held a field trip to the Merdeka Building, the place where the 1955 Bandung conference was held. When i got there, i see almost all the flags of the Nations that participated that day, when we got inside, i can see a figure of some of the most important person in the conference, and it show Soekarno are lecturing in the Front, then there was more historical notes, and photos, then there were one hall where it was like, some conference room i think, idk i kinda forgot the purpose, then there was a theater that filmed the British invasion of Bandung in the revolution war (after the declaration of independence), overall if you wanted to learn more about theese, check it out yourself :D
On one hand it's a shame that the NAM had a negligible effect on the Cold War. It was an organization more clearly committed to peace and non-intervention than either power bloc that very well could have peacefully resolved a lot of violent conflicts if it had more power. But on the other, staying out of the Cold War was basically what it aimed to do all along. From my understanding its members remained out of the East-West bipolarity for the remainder of the Cold War (Indonesia being an exception) and there was nothing the US or USSR could do about it except just leaving them alone, so perhaps it wasn't a failure after all.
a lot of them were leaning towards one side or the other but still part of the NAM, one example would be cuba, part of the NAM even during the cuba missile crises (idk if it left afterwards or still remain part of it)
I would say that the countries managed to stay out of direct confrontations and were able to measurably keep their foreign policy intact. That doesn't mean it was a success, but that the primary goal of staying as far away as possible from the two blocs was achieved. Even India tilted towards the Soviets and had a 'Treaty of Friendship' with the USSR in 1970. But it was not a member of the Warsaw pact or anything remotely similar. I think that summarises the NAM as a whole.
I my understanding, negligible is OK. It is a movement not organization. It is negligible on affecting the Cold war. Not escalating it even further, by adding the 3rd party into the play. The effect is for those who don't want the Cold war. When seen from those who joined the 1st or 2nd world countries, NAM is negligible. Like how it help the independence of Indonesia, who cares? From the perspective of Cold war participants.
I really didn't expect my hometown (Bandung) would be featured in this Channel . Good job on this Non alignment movement video, the building where the asia-africa conference held (Merdeka Building) is now a museum for those who interested in history of Non alignment movement.
The irony is that many of the NAM countries deviated from the 10-points of Bandung. Indonesia and Burma became dictatorships. India became a close ally of the USSR.
@@byron-ih2ge neutrality kind of ended after the Indo-Soviet treaty of 1971. India's largest trading partner was the USSR. India's voting records at the UN and several other foreign policy decisions reflected a de-facto alliance. Most of the Indians born in the 50s, 60s and 70s still have some remnants of the anti-American sentiment.
@@rjrastapopoulos1595 India became a close ally of Soviet Union as a result of the American support for Pakistan and reapproachment with China in 1971
@@rjrastapopoulos1595cause and effect USA pumped billions of dollars in Pakistan after 47', armed Pakistan to teeth and shunned india when india wanted weapons from USA.
Few days ago Serbia (as succesor of Yugoslavia) and one of finder of this movement organised big conference for anniversary of first conference of this movement
Loved this video. I'm currently doing a term paper on the Bandung and Belgrade Conferences, unfortunately they don't get much attention in western historiography
Fun facts:After the g30s pki movement in Indonesia, Indonesia became much more anti-communist and there's some sort of mccarthyism in Indonesia but it's a lil more extreme to the point where ordinary people started to "disappear"
NAM was a great concept, but too pure for this world. Even in India the older school textbooks praise the ambition, not its achievements. And nowadays India's being pushed ever closer to Uncle Sam thanks to foreign investment and CCP belligerence
Well China is just hitting the axe intended for US India relation into it's own leg. By thinking it is 1962 and India can't do shit. except It gave some to China in Galwan clashes with 45+ PLA soldiers dead. their little emperor ambitions of conquest to other's land and for world conquest will be their demise.
2:25 Context (aftermath of WW2) 6:21 Fiscal & diplomatic motives 8:36 Asian Relation Conference (1946 & 1949) Colombo Powers Conference (1954) 11:10 *Bangdung Conference(1955)* *10 principles of Bandung* 14:04 Formal declaration of NAM in the First Summit Conference in Belgrade (1961) 16:49 US & USSR reactions
Fun fact, North Korean beloved flower the Kimilsungia was first introduced by president Sukarno to president Kim Il-Sung in the middle of the Bandung conference in which they both part of
While it's not exactly successful in cancelling Cold War, I don't think it's the goal that NAM was trying to achieve in the first place. It's basically a chat group for countries that don't want to join any bloc, collective political statement that they don't want to take any side, and encouraging other countries/to-be countries to do the same. It surely doesn't really matter for superpowers, but I'm always under impression that at the time the people under NAM were really positive with the movement and inspire many citizens in pre-independent countries to be independent. One example is how the leaders of NAM were really popular in the eyes of general NAM citizens countries even after cold war ends, or maybe about how movement related names was immortalized in history lessons and place names of member countries. Even though it's only symbolic, sometimes it could still has a far reaching effect.
Thanks! Interesting as always, but I wouldn't agree completely with the conclusion of the video. Before continuing, a disclosure: I've myself studied history with the emphasis on contemporary history at the universities... Well, I don't agree in the sense, that although the direct impact of the NAM might seem like negligible, it made two superpowers and their blocs a bit more careful, forcing them sometimes walk on tiptoes even. It's clear that without NAM the conflict between East and West would have been more straightforward and aggressive, but the existence of a third way offered always a way out for the countries who felt pressure from both sides. And on a more philosophical basis: it gave hope, it showed world is not black and white. And it still does. I remember back in the early 90s there were also in the newly independent Estonia some quite loud voices advocating for not joining NATO, not seeking a membership in all kind of other clearly Western organizations but choosing the third way. It sounds weird now, in hindsight, but mere fact that this kind of political platform existed, shows the strength of the non-alignment ideology. (If it's an ideology.) But yeah, to stress what I said earlier: NAM wasn't pointless as it forced both Moscow and Washington think twice in relations with many countries and forced them also to make more of an effort to be liked.
Lol only americans believe that. In fact the only superpower who got angry over this NBM was the USA. they started funding rebellions in NBM countries, particulary in Indonesia.
@@harukrentz435 You know China and Yugoslavia were shunned from the Communist Bloc for not taking direction from Moscow? Not taking directions from Stalin is literally the reason why Yugoslavia was a founding member of the Non-Alignment Movement.
@C D：Yes, during the cold war, the Soviet Union beat up many socialist countries, which led to a state of terror in Somalia and Afghanistan. Americans at least don't beat their dogs.( ‘-ωก̀ )
Soekarno joined the non aligned movement but still have left tendency. indonesian received sverdlovs class cruised that renamed as KRI Irian, various soviet jets like MiG 17 and MiG 21. Some submarine that two of them still active till today. A submarine tender ship. Those weapon are used in the west papua confronfation
The problem is U.S Americans were always involved in the coup in order not to fall into Soviet but Nah the last coup Permesta was failed because the general detected Paratrooper, as result, he decided to go left little bit (Except relation with John F. Kennedy) until September '30s make him down and another awful regime was started in general who become chaos later in new order.
"Some submarine that two of them still active till today" incorrect. You probably tought about the whiskey class sub which soekarno got from the Soviets, but those subs has been long retired and there's even one has been converted into a museum in surabaya. The one that still active is Type 209 that Soeharto bought from East germany in 1977. And now only 1 subs left after the tragic loss of KRI Naggala
Makes me think of the Twilight Zone episode "To Serve Man", where the head of the UN said to the alien "Representatives from most of the important nations are here".
Well the NAM was created not to content the other two blocs, but rather, it's because 'we don't give a dam about your conflict', sure itvs a rather 'loose' one.. But if the purpose was to uniting all members and stand against the other 2, then might as well called '3rd bloc or central bloc or something bloc' And to be honest NAM was created because most of the founder and members are 'tired/sick' being under someone's feet. And being in NAM give you an advantage in trading in anything to both sides, sure the deals isn't much compared to if you join 1 side, but at least you won't have to offend one side and be dependant to the other.
then Yugoslavia paid the price... well done NATO. Many delegates participated in the conference in Bandung representing their nations before independence like the Tunisian delegation composed of syndicalists of UGTT and the "Destour" party.
@@altergreenhorn entire armies of the so called moujahidins back in 1992... fully equipped, landed in the port of split and crossed the borders to Yugoslavia.
Guys, you've missed a quite important point: almost oll of NAM countries behaved like pretty girls who invited advances from many suitors for as long as they could keep them coming. Such countries milked both cows with great success, ready to sign countless submissive agreements with each side provided the other side does not learn about it. That politics almost always ended in disaster (as in Afganistan), eventually, but at the moment its allure was overwhelming.
I have to say a word for Afghanistan. Before 1973, Afghanistan received only about $1.2 billion in aid. (source: Taliban) however, Vietnam received more than $10 billion in aid from the Soviet Union. India and Yugoslavia have received a lot of assistance because of their geographical advantages, but in fact, the benefits of non aligned countries are no more than those of other countries
@@可爱包-c4v You could not be more wrong about Aganistan. Not only it was receiving astronomical help from IMF/etc, USSR was building a lot of houses (still the best housing in Kabul), schools, hospitalies, colleges, sending professors, trades, providing all kinds of education in USSR, etc. Vietnam, destroyed by war, was in a completely different situation.
@M Zrull:Afghanistan changed in 1973，1978 and 1979. After 1973, Afghanistan was ruled by Pro Soviet people. So , I can only refer to Afghanistan's assistance before 1973. According to 《Soviet aid to the third world.an analysis of its strategy》, Afghanistan received US $541 million, in 1955-1964 and 128.3 million in 1965-1979, but 742 million in 1979 and 426 million in 1975. There was not too much Soviet aid before 1973. In addition, the Soviet Union also provided $10 billion in aid to Mongolia and North Korea. Later, Russia cancelled their debts. So I don't think Afghanistan has received more funds because of the non aligned movement.
Love this channel, I keep learning or consolidating my knowledge of the cold war which I am personally intrigued and interested in, thank you for your amazing work :D
I've heard a little about the NAM before, but not in a little while. Thank you for another informative episode, particularly in laying out those ten points in full. I would enjoy more episodes on the NAM to learn even more about it. God be with you out there everybody. ✝️ :)
Pakistan was a former member of SEATO. India is a member of NAM. US was good buddies with Pakistan till cold war ended. then they decided to trust pak govt for war against taliban. and got the result soon in 2021.
Have been waiting for this since my country ini it and one of the pioneer , just curious will it be different from the history books we got back then in school
Recently, I studied the history of Afghanistan. Afghanistan likes the United States, but Afghanistan has a territorial dispute with Pakistan, an American ally. The United States does not provide military assistance to Afghanistan, so Afghanistan asks the Soviet Union for military assistance (Afghan officers study in the Soviet Union), but Afghanistan continues to ask the United States for economic assistance and joins the non aligned movement. This is a smart idea. At the political meeting of the Soviet Union, the Soviet leaders almost cancelled the invasion plan of Afghanistan for fear of the opposition of non aligned countries. The non aligned movement almost changed the fate of Afghanistan.😥😥😥😭😭😭
Few years after the first NAM conference in 1961, these countries are not entirely "Not-Alignment" or completely neutral. its so hard to remain neutral when these 2 superpowers have such strong political influence.
only Yugoslavia was a true Neutral power. until it went error .404. rest were all Soviet lackeys who became Pro west one by one, or more importantly , kind of sidelined socialist policies to pick some free market policies.
@@badluck5647 Or would've been reduced to a resource exporting nation like many other in Latin and South America. It's easy to judge history looking back, but at the time, the future was still uncertain.
@@badluck5647 India would have been Philippine'd by the capitalists. India alone would have dominated the Western bloc if India was allowed to prosper without pressure. It's the same plan that involved not allowing India to become a dominion after the great war in the barbaric betrayal at Jallianwala Bagh.
@@someonejustsomeone1469 India would be lucky to be like the Philippines. India has so much potential, but flushes it down the toilet. Their so-called non-alignment is just an excuse for red tape and protectionism. There is a reason that there are so many people who are poor in India, but become millionaires once they start working in America. Clearly, the people are hardworking and intelligence, but the country's government policy is garbage.
@@badluck5647 lul, India would have been devastated for the natural resources and population alone. It would've been given short term profits and sensationalist "free" media to divide the population. And when things go wrong withdraw everything and mark India as a failed state as an excuse to invade it in the name of "democracy". Or press sanctions which would further fuel nationalism and cut off the country from the rest of the world which will result in a win-win. Like with Medvedev and Putin. You are right that India had potential, and that potential is a threat to the West. Iran, Philippines, Lebanon got the same fate and India somehow survived. Protectionism neutered the economy, but it made a stable society without damaging foreign relations. Which is needed if you're a whole Europe in a single country surrounded by nuclear foes.
On a side not, nearly all "hard" ideologies are usually not very efficient. As J.M. Keynes ones put it, "When the facts change, I change my mind." While it is somewhat necessary to bundle up different ideas, especially in democratic state systems, the whole idea of a static opinion is outlandish when examined closely. One always has to evaluate and question the efficiency of ones own solutions and theories, otherwise one ends up with stagnant and eventually outdated systems that fail to produce required solutions. As a ( not in the sense of radical compromise centrist but rather as a look-at-all-sides-and-choose-the-best-possible/appropriate-option type of guy ) the ideal way of approaching new challenges is usually an ever evolving process that isn’t afraid of change but also not blind to possible arising issues. The concept behind the idea of "Rhine capitalism" as a merger of socialist welfare and capitalist markets is pretty much my go to example to illustrate this point.
Somehow forgetting that Yugoslavia IE the were under ottoman rule for up to 500 years and saying that they never were colonies is just uninformed and disapointing
Our president Soekarno chose to maintain diplomatic relation with communist state like USSR, North Korea, Cuba, etc despite Indonesia was one of non Allignment Movement. He also gave more power and strategic political position to Indonesian Communist party (PKI) and rise the negative tension between him and military and Islamist. That was one of many causes why he lost all of his power and influence over Indonesian in 1967 and thus the New Order was born under dictatorship of Presiden Soeharto.
Soekarno ruled with an iron fist almost like tito to maintain the indonesian state. Also he wanted to work with the japanese in WW2. Weird to see that a lot of these non-aligned nations were 'evil'.
Not sure to be evil because even he cooperate with Japan because propaganda if Japan is old Brothers Indonesia, always has been if you do not see why he corporate, also Soekarno actually can tolerate but nah since U.S.A get involved at the coup in Permesta also others so he has done with the U.S.A and turns a little bit to left but since the generals also have a conflict because many not loyal to him so many they have suspect about '30s coup in September and as result, he gets down and changes another dictator and tyrants
and remember one point why he corporate Japan because he still has trust with them about promise independence, even no longer after nuking Hiroshima and Nagasaki, but the young faction decides to kidnap him and ask to declare independence immediately and Soekarno refused and say if you want to kill me just kill me but they are too scared to fo that because he is a pioneer for the independence. And the negotiation between Ahmad Soebarjo and the kidnap change and make sure they declared as soon as possible on the date is promised 17th August 1945.
Dear developed nations' citizens, I understand, it was not us, you and me. It was our great grandfathers' deeds. But indirectly, still, I am where I am now because of you. And you are where you are now, because of me. Sincerely yours, developing nations' citizen
many might think this was a failure only because there was peace, power struggle in asia was sure way to start WW3. Imagine Cuban crisis with 30 more countries.
Of all the countries that adhered to the NAM, are there any that are economically successful (able to feed their populations without foreign aid)? And how many of them are not in conflict with another country? I want to understand whether this movement brought any positive changes in these countries, if it promoted social and economic development.
Both Indonesia and india are top 10 countries by GDP respectively Yugoslavia is destroyed by nato Egypt was failed state because of constant wars with Israel and Ghana is progressing except for 2 countries non aligned movement pretty much sucessfull
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Finally I found this topic in you tube
This was the original meaning of the term ' third world ' , it just meant a country not aligned to nato or the Warsaw pact . That meant that both Sweden and Switzerland were third world countries . Yes that term has definitely changed its meaning .
Some call it 'repurposed'. Some call it 'misappropriated'.
Either way the term holds little merit in economics today, if classification is the goal, and not just general talk.
Switzerland, Austria, Sweden and Finland were actually refered to as neutral countries, which is different from being a non-aligned country.
@@invidusspectator3920 The reason being that they were very much at the center stage of the Cold War and also lead no active efforts to create a third alternative to the big blocs.
yep some people misinterpretated "third world countries" as some under-developed countries even until today.
@@perjakacinema I mean when the countries just so happen to have specific characteristics. Is hard to not misinterpret it
Gamal Abdel Nasser once stated:
"The genius of you Americans is that you never make clear-cut stupid moves, only complicated stupid moves which make the rest of us wonder at the possibility that we might be missing something"
At least America’s leaders were competent enough to feign intelligence back then now nobody is under the illusion that they have something special up their sleeve when their contemporary leaders are so abysmal
Ironic considering he took power with the help of the American Government lmao
@@sirsurnamethefirstofhisnam7986 no American leader since theodor roosevelt was intellegent
@@sbevexlr848 Not LBJ?
@@leonodonoghueburke4276 not LBJ
The building where the Bandung Conference took place is still preserved and features an exhibition of the conference as well as mannequins placed in seats where the delegates were so when you visit it, it looks as if you're watching the historic event unfold.
@@syaondri Bandung is cool but its so hard to go everywhere with car lol
It has one of the best public toilet too. Never have i seen a public toilet that fresh and unhaunted as that building in Bandung
But the traffic is AWFUL here. Especially in weekends. I went there once and it was pretty cool though
Benerr, Om
@@yezki8 Unhaunted? Ghosts use toilets??
*cold war exist*
Indonesia, India, Egypt, Yugoslavia, etc:
"We gonna do what's called a chad centrist move"
Lumayan lah 😂
"We'll build our *own* block, with blackjack and hookers!"
*Imagine aligning towards NATO/Warsaw pact
*THIS COMMENT MADE BY NON ALIGNMENT BLOCK*
@@alahsiaboi8909 *sigma rule grindset song intensifies*
Switzerland for last 500 years
A non-aligned movement summit was held last week in Belgrade, Serbia, which strangely coincided with the armament expo.
There are armament expos?
@@Game_Hero Yes there are.
Non aligned with what?
To stay non alingned you need lots of gun to make sure no one can force you to become alligned
yeah, strangely enough, Russia was there in an observer position
I can respect why many nations wanted nothing to do with either America or Russia. Because what was going on between them both wasn't pretty. My compliments to all those who made this video a reality.
Very worse again Europe like UK, France and the rest of West Europe (except Germany for a logical reason maybe).
Because both are dumb lol. SO EXTREME.
The best system is mixed system. Or at least socialism.
Capitalism n Liberalism is bad.
So is Communism(both government style n economic system).
And Indonesia's system is actually mixed.(supposed to be mix of them but now under Jokowi presidency, their economic is into capitalism and their government into the dictatorship)
And islam itself work on mixed stuff.
@@DBT1007 Dude i'm not even sure what to call it anymore
@@DBT1007 Socialism is worse than Capitalism any fucking day.
@@DBT1007 i live in a post socialism country (Czech republic)
Socialism harmed us so badly we haven't recovered to our first republic era yet.
What you want to say is that Social Democracy is a good mix of both, in which I agree. But full on socialism or laissez-faire capitalism are both really bad for their own reasons
Thanks for Finally Making a video on NAM.
Fun Fact -- During the 2nd Asian Conference, Indian PM Nehru had to send his trusted friend and pilot Biju Pattnaik to airlift Sukarno out of Indonesia under the Dutch Nose. Sukarno finally addressed the conference, pitching the idea for Indonesian Independence at a greater level.
Biju Patnaik (an odia) was also Chief minister of odisha and his son biju Patnaik (founder and head of BJD party) won election in odisha(2001) and became its CM (even upto now)
Thank you for helping us, it's means A lot for our nation to stay exist during hard times.
@@bagusi.nugraha997 mantap bro
Correct 👍 and Soekarno's famous statement was
"That colonialism in the world must be abolished because it is not in accordance with humanity and justice"
and that is what supports the Asian and African nations to establish the Asia-Africa conference
Well, I have the picture of this event somewhere in my facebook group.
It's quite memorable since there's many confusion about who's the Indian guy is, even some thought he was Turkish/Arab 😅
The nonalignment movement was successful at helping third world countries to boost their international ties and boost economic and political cooperation. Panama received a great back up and from the movement when the negotiations for the recovery of the land of Panama Canal started.
The movement helped many african countries gain their independece, particulary in North Africa. It's no wonder the most resistancr came from western "democratic" countries, not the soviet.
Sadly if major countries of the movement werent recovering from destruction of post WW2 and deonolizations wich robbed them much of needed resorces.The movement itself wouldve been 100x times more effective bcs then for Example Yugoslavia nd India wouldnt need to spend huge amount of money to recover their own country first but woudl be ablte to put more money into expansion and development of the movement alongside boost alot of otehr counteirs that woudl like to trade and cooperate and boost the cosntructioon of ports and important infrastructures that are tied to trading and that way directly and indirectly boost otehr branches of production.
we (Yugoslavia) needed visa for only 6, later 5 countries.. life was good.. really really good .. good form of socialism
Tell that Iraq , Lebanon and others that USA made them hell in the 50s and 60s
@@goranstojanov1160 Just for the record, people often forget that the reason why the USA outperforms a relatively similar sized Europe is not some kind of mythical economical superiority but rather the simple fact that US-Americans work _a lot more_ on average ( givin rise to the infamous Europeans work to live, Americans live to work sentiment ) and also that nearly all of Europe went through some of the worst destruction of its entire history, followed by decades of fairly hostile occupation under an pretty unefficient regime pretty much less than a century ago.
Sadly post 1965 Soekarno was “usurped” by Soeharto and he began to lean more towards the west, starting with communist purge of 1965-1967, and culminating with the invasion of east timor which practically voids all of Indonesia’s pledge towards anti colonialism before it, such a shame.
After the fall of Soeharto, its replacement, BJ Habibie did what a sane person would do, started a referendum in order to release East Timor and allow for self determination, then we restart our free and active non aligned policy again, with varying level of success each year
The problem was during confrontation happen. If Malaysia won't break the treaty will be stable but yea since the U.K won't give the independence (even they decolonize hut still have the U.K connect) so that makes Soekarno was angry also the Philippines also many generals have been not loyal for reasonable like yea they have been paid or something exchange for intelligence so not a big surprise for bloody hell U.S.A, the U.K has a role if they have to purge against commie but with awful and not bring the court of rights.
Good thing sukarno was toppled. You could be arrested only for playing beatles songs....lol.
@@MultiDivebomber Nah it was because of what the U.S.A have done to do with Indonesia by coup Permesta. If you say good things that would be awful because human rights in New Order just yea that means you oppose and they will be executed you.
@@PitunghereTNOschizo100 If suharto didn't take the initiative, TNI-AD will be led by red generals. With PKI having so much power and full backing from the army, just imagine what will happen when Sukarno passes away.
@@MultiDivebomber Not really, remembers what Aidit and Kahar were worried but also they made a fatal mistake why? because they just do that in secret not public. But since every figure out of Aidit and the rest of PKI is out of Java doesn't know for this so they are getting blunder as a result after the '30s happened all private who involved getting worse like tortured until they admit they are PKI meanwhile they are not, execute people without trial and reasonable and worse Nasution who actually thrown Soekarno and change Soeharto he get down and expelled from his ranks, also their policy was good but no longer because corrupt (KKN) was growth and fist of the military was used even they actually use Dwifungsi (2 functional of the army as politics) but that's made more worse because they are yea just betray for themselves. Irony was it ?
Finally someone (outside) talks about this. REMEMBER! Non aligned does not mean lack of bilateral relations. It's like being friendly to anyone without being part of their group.
The basic principle of NAM was called "peaceful active co-existence", worth mentioning. Also, President Tito was very clear on many occasions: no, NAM is not "the Third Bloc". That is crucial to understand NAM.
Technically, it was. These countries all shared the sentiment that they wanted to coexist and further their interests without committing to either the west or the east. They may not have shared an army or comparable institutions to either the NATO or the Warsaw Pact but ultimately, when looking at the grand scheme of things, the "bloc" was politically active ( contrasted by a completely neutral place like Switzerland ) and also interested in strengthening its own position although not to defeat the other blocs.
In conclusion, while it is not a third power in the sense of the Warsaw pact , it’s level of organization and political activism leaves little room for the idea that it was not a bloc in its own right, distinct yet comparable to the more (in?)famous alliances.
@@Arcaryon winner winner chicken dinner 🥘
Having lived during the Cold War and served in the Military during that time in the later half 75 - 85. I love your channel as it fleshes out the history of the Cold War from its beginning to its end ( if it really ends or just changes form). Thank you for this awesome channel =)
My family live in Bandung for many years (since my grandma's childhood if i'm not mistaken) and she remember clearly the day of Asian African Summit (since she was dating my Grandpa not far from the summit building). And she said there was many cars and many foreigners and it's fun to watch
Mine too, but sadly at the time this happened, my family was stayed in nearby Sumedang bc the chaos of Islamist revolution years prior and returned to Bandung around 70's
@@RandomGuy-uj4hn u are definitely not from Indonesia...shut up
@@RandomGuy-uj4hn whats islamist revolution? You mean DI/TII?
@@kingclement5821 ngomong naon sih koplok? Sotoy bat dah.
funny how misunderstood the term "third world country" is. Generally it is interpreted something like "third class citizen" when really it's more like "third party candidate" or "taking the third option"
post cold war it should be a badge of honor more than else. I bet vietnam would have preferred staying 3rd world country.
Yugoslavia and other members of the NAM benefited heavily from the movement. Even thow Yugoslavia was a socialist republic it had big export focused companies which exported primarily to the non aligned movement members. One of the companies was the Bosnian Energoinvest.
In 1958, Energoinvest was conducting business in markets in more than 20 countries from Mexico to Malaysia. By 1987, Energoinvest was the largest exporter in the former Yugoslavia in reaching its business peak turnover of one billion dollars with 42,000 employees.
Energoinvest has tens of thousands of kilometers of transmission lines, thousands of substations, a number of hydro and thermal power plants, and process and industrial plants on all continents.
It had a bigger gdp than Bosnia and Herzegovina has today.
Yugoslavia is the Pearl of socialism. China once opposed Yugoslavia's policy, but later had to admit that Yugoslavia is the best socialist country. During China's economic reform, Deng Xiaoping sent people to investigate. Those who came back said that Yugoslavia's economy was very good. They introduced many excellent technologies, produced the best products, and sold goods to the world. However, the foreign exchange control is weaker, and the US dollar and West German mark can be used. If the external economic environment deteriorates, it will certainly lead to the accelerated deterioration of the domestic economy. Therefore, China has a very strict monetary policy.
@@可爱包-c4v Yugoslavia was the only socialist country not failing because of socialism but because of tension between nations or better their leaders after Tito died.
Yugoslavia was also much more danegerous to the US than Soviet union. Im not kidding, because there was not a lot US workers (US voters) who would live in soviet style of the country however if they knew the yugoslavia style socialism a lot of them would choose it.
@@altergreenhorn I'm a fan of Yugoslavia...but the US didn't fear Yugoslavia at all. They sent them a huge amount of military and financial aid. Yugoslavia feared the USSR along with Bulgaria would invade after the split with Tito...hence why the SFRJ had to pivot to the West.
That's why you'll see old American arms and equipment during the civil wars.
@@MTLB85 they wanted to be neutral like austria to the north
@@MTLB85 actually America was afraid of Yugoslavia, thats one of the reasons they were heavily involved in its break up. America sent money and arms so Yugoslavia wouldnt fall totally to the side of USSR, they basically kept Yugo as a buffer zone with USSR. After USSR broke up, there was no need for a successfull socialist nation like Yugoslavia to be in between, thus making it more of an enemy than an ally. And for proof that America was involved in the break up of Yugoslavia, first they imposed sanctions on all products, basically cutting all ties and money flow. Then the US goverment passed an appropriation act in 1991. that states that if any of the Yugoslav republics want military and financial aid they will have to become independent.
I commend the effort taken in making this video. This is a topic not known by a huge amount of people outside the member countries of the movement and is often ignored in the broad narrative of this phase of history. A huge thanks for making this video.
By an Indian.
I agree I studied the Cold War here in Britain as part of my history/politics degree in the 90s and the main topics were Europe and the east/west divide there.
Good luck to India in its issues with China although I’m sure India can deal with China 👍
A Brit
INDIA AND BRITAIN WILL COOPERATE RO COUNTER CHINA AND INDIAN
@@nigeh5326
Lmao good luck with that
*India is literally surrounded by Chinese influence while at the same time America aka the backstabber also doesn’t truly trust India and has disliked them since the 1970s*
It also doesn’t help that China has lobbying in the UN and the U.S which makes whatever India says completely useless.
India managed to get all of it’s neighbors against it in some form idek how
1: Pakistan as usual is it’s main enemy
2: China as usual is also a main enemy
3: Sri Lanka has Chinese debt and a bad past with India
4: Nepal wants no dam Indian or Chinese influence
5 : Bhutan doesn’t care
6: They recently losing their influence over Bangladesh
7: Myanmar works with China which makes it an Indian enemy
8: Afghanistan was lost to the Taliban which the Pakistanis support
See how fucked India is in it’s own neighborhood ? They managed to fuck up big time
Also they somehow managed to betray Russia for America to go against China , when somehow America was the one to build up this modern day CCP China
The more you look at it , India played itself which the silly Indian nationalists can’t admit
The men with fierce political genius like Tito, Nehru, and Soekarno are rare specimens that born once in many centuries.
Soekarno👍🏻
well geopoliticaly he was a genous BUT internaly HE WAS HORRIBLE cb he instilled the for brotherly union slogan,forbade churches,imrpisoned priests,LITERALY hushed down and let ustashi to destroy wast amount of evidences about Jasenovac concetration cam and many otehr things.Then any intelectual or group ofpeople that went against Brotehrly union slogan was imrpisoned,tourcured and executed by fire sqads.Then when serbian intelectuals and peopel were against hushing/putting Ustashi attrocities agaings Serbs,Jews,Roma to be put under the rug nad erasing it form the memmory many were imprisone or executed for bringing anything about that up.He was RUTHGLES especialy to those that werent on his side of ideology.
And Ataturk
@@goranstojanov1160 People always do what is expedient than what is right. I can't say that the aforementioned figures were good people. Many blunders, controversies, and even massacres they may have to be hold accountability for. But I must admit, against all odds, they carried out their perspective young emerging countries and lead through the diffulties so they could survive from the total annihilation by nuclear wielding titans.
@@mrhaci7747 who?
As an Indonesian, I'm glad you discussed this also. Nice content as always!
Indonesia were nonalliant in-name-only. The ASEAN group were born out to balance against Vietnam. Many of main the countries in the ASEAN (Thailand, Phillipine, Malay, Singapore and Indonesia, etc) had troops stationed in Vietnam fighting on the US side. This is even written on Wikipedia and is still there now.
Halo mbak risa
@@shamancosmo7245 after Soeharto took power in 1966, Indonesia was drifting to the west. ASEAN is one of their efforts to protect Southeast Asia against communism. Invasion of East Timor is also part of this anti-communist strategy.
@@shamancosmo7245 Hey buddy, in reading Indonesian cold war history you gotta separate it into 2 major eras: pre-1965, and post-1965. Indonesia being "pro-west" through ASEAN was definitely the post-1965 side of things, because we had a communist purge in 1965-1967. But prior to that? 1950-1959 you can say we are truly a non-alliant - we had both large nationalist, communist, and islamist parties. 1959-1965 we started leaning towards the communists, but not the USSR side, actually more to the Chinese/Mao's side (was at the same time there was the USSR-China split as well)
But then the 1965 purges happened soooo we did a 180 on the whole "lean left" project.
And again, what I'm saying here, is a very simplified version. Go read more stuff to get a clearer picture
@@shamancosmo7245 Wikipedia,what a trustworthy source🤣👍
I never knew about this, been watching History Channel for years. I’ve learned more from your channel than anyone. Keep up the great work.
@@jtgd no I stopped watching History Channel waaay before 2005, switched to the then Military Channel but soon cut the cable cord and discovered TH-cam channels.
@@garyfrombrooklyn like 10 years ago I got super into the Military History channel which was basically a 90s video dump of the History archive. I haven't seen it for a long time
@@greenkoopa yeah, they revamped it I think. Good analogy though, 90s video dump 😆
Hard to learn this stuff in Ice Road Truckers 🤣. Honestly don't know why they didn't try to cover it, like AHC.
How the History Channel explains the Cold War:
It's Aliens 👽
So this channel chooses to ignore the bombing of the Kashmir princess and the attempt assassination of Zhou enlai on his way to the Bandung conference?
"America was weary of this new movement"
No they were instantly and aggressively hostile to it in every way
Lmao, USA is selfish. And let's not forget despite being one of the founders, Indonesia was quite... Let's say, 'romantic' with Soviet Union. USSR didn't seem to have much problem with NAM, well not as much as USA, USSR was interested in friendship, tho. Indonesia offered nearly no help in this friendship but the possibility of befriending a large neutral country that has the ability to grow exponentially in later years make USSR quite affectionate.
Indonesia even have its own communist party as a sign of sisterhood. Ofc, later on, the communist party revolted, killed many national heroes savagely, tried to shake one of the five pillars of Indonesia, and the nation was purged in a civil war that has Sukarno, the first president who hate imperialist UK and USA, fell from his position and got replaced by Suharto who cut off our friendship with USSR and started leaning more to USA.
There's a reason on why many Indonesians still believe CIA from USA has a hand in Sukarno's fall and Indonesia's New Order (Dictatorship), everything after Sukarno's fall gave fortune to USA. The thing that Sukarno would never consider giving USSR was given to USA easily. A bunch of cunning leech.
I hate communism just like every other Indonesian, but most of us don't actually believe USSR is the reason of the revolt. USSR was reluctant to dip their hands on Indonesia's politics back then, since Sukarno was already pretty clear in his neutrality and strict conduct.
@@arthurmorganSUN you're right, but also the nonsense killing of leftist by the new order is unnecessarily brutal.
they even overtrown soekarno and replace him with a dictactors that more close to the west
@@dorian4646 even tho the Doctors who did the autopsy were saying they just got shot and none as brutal as Soeharto's Journal during the search and rescue op. PKI does did nasty stuff but Soeharto also did his part in more worse manner too
@@estehtix true that
Just a sidenote for non-indonesians, Soekarno and Soeharto ARE NOT the same people, people tend to confused the two together as the same person whenever we talk about the history of politics in Indonesia
6:25 Colonialism is not only about physically being present in some country. Its also about exploitation, treating whole nations as inferior and forceful imposition of colonial/imperial agendas. People of Yugoslavia had plenty of experience with that throughout history.
So it was not only about economics but about *actual* human and national rights.
It was a movement against "might makes right" principle which rules the world to this day. Admittedly, to a lesser extent.
Correct by Austrian ottomans and Italians not to mention Germans
@@guyincognito7979 don't forget the worst thing ever done to the Yugoslavs was done by the Yugoslavs themselves. to n extent that even their former masters (Ottomans with Albanians, Germans with Croats) openly disapproved of.
Came here to say this. Does the hundreds and hundreds of years under the Ottomans and Hapsburgs count as colonialism? The consequences of massive empires trampling the region are felt to this day, which is the very definition of postcolonialism.
@@zarkolakovic8958 yes it does count
At a summit in 1962 VP Lyndon Johnson asked Indian PM Jawaharlal Nehru "What makes a man turn non-aligned? Lust for gold? Power? Or were you just born with a heart full of non-alignment?
With that kind of mindset It's no wonder Johnson plunged America into Vietnam War. People, especially from poorer countries just want a peace so they can build their country, educate their people away from influence and bullying of big rich imperialist countries.
That Johnson guy really sped the US total involvement in that Vietnam civil war, because of that decision Millions of Vietnamese ppl and 55,000 American service men lost their lives.
The book "The Darker Nations" by Vijay Prashad is a great read on the subject. Thanks for covering this!
Washington bullets...
Won't lie, I wouldve been in the Non aligned movement pact
I'm in Belgrade right now and a few weeks back all the diplomats of the non-aligned movement came here, and the place where their meeting was talking place was right across the street from my school. It was huge, teh whole city was covered in flags and a bunch of roads we're closed.
Ah, one of my favorite aspects of cold war, back in highschool days, these stuff are often learned when it comes to history class
Years later, it's come to alive once more in this video, thanks :)
non-aligned movement contribute greatly in de escalating of the global tension, providing a neutral ground for both west and east side. imagine back then if every country had to choose side, the world war 3 would be happen already.
Ironic that we basically almost relive it now with China vs the world now.
@@peacechan4500 yep in this era now economics war to get more influence for both side, because economics always have feedback from long-term profit.
Just look at china now always focus for economics exchange of course don't forget debt, rather than West block use traditional method make pact for war look at a cold war 2.0, for that you have free market for Inteligent service, & weapon armament. Don't forget last thing if they give bonus a bloody civil war ! Just look at middle east crumble because of oil
I am say this from my perspective because when china invest in my country meanwhile my neighbor Australian make pact for nuclear submarine, and finally I can watch fire works closely
@@peacechan4500 not china vs world but china vs west.
10:05 It looks like some poor buggers parachute didn’t open.
My man forgot to wear one
In my country Indonesia, the Bandung Conference is taught in schools as some kind of national pride. Indonesia's first president, Sukarno, is portrayed as one of the world's leader. NAM was also a national pride, especially when Indonesia held the chairman position.
Unfortunately, NAM had never have geopolitical significance. The members, including Indonesia, broke the Bandung princioles. For example, Indonesia annexed East Timor in 1976. NAM members also fought wars against each other. India vs Pakistan, for example. And they both eventually aligned to either side of the Cold War (Pakistan to US, India to Soviet). North Korea invaded South Korea. Vietnam aligned with Soviet. Cuba as well, so far as triggering the missle crises in early 60s.
NAM was, and is, just a BS.
Annexation of East Timor is one of the idiot things among many Soeharto ever done.
Okay but Timor Leste already independent, so we can say Indonesia as the founder back to NAM ideology again
@@totoabubakar1008 yes, but we can't ignore the fact that NAM doesn't have any agenda whatsoever for the past decades. US, China, Russia, Iran, Saudi, all have places in geopolitical chess board, but not NAM. Nobody take NAM seriously.
The bunch of misfits with impractical agenda. It was impossible to follow all 10 principles. The important point however is NAM despite not following what they committed to, is still a success and after the 1991, the world has become more and more multiploar, NAM members have their golden age being historically non-aligned and multi-partnered.
The sad thing was members of NAM became aligned to one of the two sides later on. For eg. India aligned itself closely to USSR. Sometimes Soviets influenced India's foreign policy.
Not really, sometimes they have a relationship just for defense or the economy, it's always has been even Tito has a connection with other Europe even western.
"alligned" but not neccesarily member of PACT nor Soviet ally, same as Indonesia post soekarno where they "alligned" with US but not a member of NATO nor US Ally, the goal of NAM isnt restricting them from doing business or making treaty to any super power that exist at the time
Non-aligned doesn't mean neutral for example Yugoslavia actively supported Palestine against Israel and Algerian independence against France and Cuba was also member of the non-aligned movement well I don't have to explain that
USSR always wanted to control NAM. It tried it thru Cuba but eventually did not succeed.
Well that was After the Demise of Pandit Nehru
Finally someone made video about Non aligned movement. Bcs these countries may not as fancy in popular culture such vietnam war, korean war , etc. But not fueling the conflict is the most respectfull idea .
In 2019, my school held a field trip to the Merdeka Building, the place where the 1955 Bandung conference was held. When i got there, i see almost all the flags of the Nations that participated that day, when we got inside, i can see a figure of some of the most important person in the conference, and it show Soekarno are lecturing in the Front, then there was more historical notes, and photos, then there were one hall where it was like, some conference room i think, idk i kinda forgot the purpose, then there was a theater that filmed the British invasion of Bandung in the revolution war (after the declaration of independence), overall if you wanted to learn more about theese, check it out yourself :D
Shout out to superpower scaring movements
Gotta be one of my favorite kinda movements
On one hand it's a shame that the NAM had a negligible effect on the Cold War. It was an organization more clearly committed to peace and non-intervention than either power bloc that very well could have peacefully resolved a lot of violent conflicts if it had more power. But on the other, staying out of the Cold War was basically what it aimed to do all along. From my understanding its members remained out of the East-West bipolarity for the remainder of the Cold War (Indonesia being an exception) and there was nothing the US or USSR could do about it except just leaving them alone, so perhaps it wasn't a failure after all.
a lot of them were leaning towards one side or the other but still part of the NAM, one example would be cuba, part of the NAM even during the cuba missile crises (idk if it left afterwards or still remain part of it)
I would say that the countries managed to stay out of direct confrontations and were able to measurably keep their foreign policy intact. That doesn't mean it was a success, but that the primary goal of staying as far away as possible from the two blocs was achieved.
Even India tilted towards the Soviets and had a 'Treaty of Friendship' with the USSR in 1970. But it was not a member of the Warsaw pact or anything remotely similar. I think that summarises the NAM as a whole.
I my understanding, negligible is OK.
It is a movement not organization.
It is negligible on affecting the Cold war. Not escalating it even further, by adding the 3rd party into the play. The effect is for those who don't want the Cold war. When seen from those who joined the 1st or 2nd world countries, NAM is negligible.
Like how it help the independence of Indonesia, who cares? From the perspective of Cold war participants.
as you know most of them is a third world country,so yeah, it looks like a warm safehouse than a middle man
Good overview of the Bandung Conference and Non Aligned Movement.
I really didn't expect my hometown (Bandung) would be featured in this Channel . Good job on this Non alignment movement video, the building where the asia-africa conference held (Merdeka Building) is now a museum for those who interested in history of Non alignment movement.
The irony is that many of the NAM countries deviated from the 10-points of Bandung. Indonesia and Burma became dictatorships. India became a close ally of the USSR.
India still remained neutral with a USSR tilt nothing else
@@byron-ih2ge neutrality kind of ended after the Indo-Soviet treaty of 1971. India's largest trading partner was the USSR. India's voting records at the UN and several other foreign policy decisions reflected a de-facto alliance. Most of the Indians born in the 50s, 60s and 70s still have some remnants of the anti-American sentiment.
@@rjrastapopoulos1595 India became a close ally of Soviet Union as a result of the American support for Pakistan and reapproachment with China in 1971
@@rjrastapopoulos1595cause and effect USA pumped billions of dollars in Pakistan after 47', armed Pakistan to teeth and shunned india when india wanted weapons from USA.
Few days ago Serbia (as succesor of Yugoslavia) and one of finder of this movement organised big conference for anniversary of first conference of this movement
Loved this video. I'm currently doing a term paper on the Bandung and Belgrade Conferences, unfortunately they don't get much attention in western historiography
"Non Allignment movement doesnt mean you netral"
-Soekarno
Well, it means you can obtain benefit from both sides
And soekarno chose to align himself with communist leaders in the end
Poor him, because he forgive commie who coup again goverment in 1948
@@nurfadhilahnugraha2614 well it was the west attempt to replace him
@@M-a-r-c no just west, him make crisis economic and the commie make horizontal conflict
Fun facts:After the g30s pki movement in Indonesia, Indonesia became much more anti-communist and there's some sort of mccarthyism in Indonesia but it's a lil more extreme to the point where ordinary people started to "disappear"
Great timing! My tea is just about ready.
NAM was a great concept, but too pure for this world. Even in India the older school textbooks praise the ambition, not its achievements. And nowadays India's being pushed ever closer to Uncle Sam thanks to foreign investment and CCP belligerence
Well China is just hitting the axe intended for US India relation into it's own leg. By thinking it is 1962 and India can't do shit. except It gave some to China in Galwan clashes with 45+ PLA soldiers dead. their little emperor ambitions of conquest to other's land and for world conquest will be their demise.
I'm From Burma(Myanmar) I saw my country first Prime Minister together with Nehru in this Video :)
India's 🇮🇳 major allies today r: 🇫🇷 🇷🇺 🇺🇸 🇯🇵
As u can see we have still maintained our neutrality although ya nowadays we have a western tilt cus 🇨🇳
Nehru was most stupid PM of India, becouse of him india lost 1962 and UN permanent seat.
Did anybody notice that most of the people that were a part of this group were total Chads?
2:25 Context (aftermath of WW2)
6:21 Fiscal & diplomatic motives
8:36
Asian Relation Conference (1946 & 1949)
Colombo Powers Conference (1954)
11:10 *Bangdung Conference(1955)*
*10 principles of Bandung*
14:04 Formal declaration of NAM in the First Summit Conference in Belgrade (1961)
16:49 US & USSR reactions
i remember literally learning about this over and over agai throughout my school years since i live in indonesia
Fun fact, North Korean beloved flower the Kimilsungia was first introduced by president Sukarno to president Kim Il-Sung in the middle of the Bandung conference in which they both part of
While it's not exactly successful in cancelling Cold War, I don't think it's the goal that NAM was trying to achieve in the first place. It's basically a chat group for countries that don't want to join any bloc, collective political statement that they don't want to take any side, and encouraging other countries/to-be countries to do the same. It surely doesn't really matter for superpowers, but I'm always under impression that at the time the people under NAM were really positive with the movement and inspire many citizens in pre-independent countries to be independent.
One example is how the leaders of NAM were really popular in the eyes of general NAM citizens countries even after cold war ends, or maybe about how movement related names was immortalized in history lessons and place names of member countries. Even though it's only symbolic, sometimes it could still has a far reaching effect.
Thanks! Interesting as always, but I wouldn't agree completely with the conclusion of the video. Before continuing, a disclosure: I've myself studied history with the emphasis on contemporary history at the universities... Well, I don't agree in the sense, that although the direct impact of the NAM might seem like negligible, it made two superpowers and their blocs a bit more careful, forcing them sometimes walk on tiptoes even. It's clear that without NAM the conflict between East and West would have been more straightforward and aggressive, but the existence of a third way offered always a way out for the countries who felt pressure from both sides. And on a more philosophical basis: it gave hope, it showed world is not black and white. And it still does. I remember back in the early 90s there were also in the newly independent Estonia some quite loud voices advocating for not joining NATO, not seeking a membership in all kind of other clearly Western organizations but choosing the third way. It sounds weird now, in hindsight, but mere fact that this kind of political platform existed, shows the strength of the non-alignment ideology. (If it's an ideology.) But yeah, to stress what I said earlier: NAM wasn't pointless as it forced both Moscow and Washington think twice in relations with many countries and forced them also to make more of an effort to be liked.
NBM helped many countries regain their independence. Calling it "pointless" just show how ignorant some westerners are.
Darth Stalin: “If you’re not with me, then you’re my enemy.”
well Nixon threatened to nuke Calcutta so India had to side with USSR to protect itself
Lol only americans believe that. In fact the only superpower who got angry over this NBM was the USA. they started funding rebellions in NBM countries, particulary in Indonesia.
@@harukrentz435 You know China and Yugoslavia were shunned from the Communist Bloc for not taking direction from Moscow?
Not taking directions from Stalin is literally the reason why Yugoslavia was a founding member of the Non-Alignment Movement.
Darth Sam: If you are not with me, you are a dirty communist.
@C D：Yes, during the cold war, the Soviet Union beat up many socialist countries, which led to a state of terror in Somalia and Afghanistan. Americans at least don't beat their dogs.( ‘-ωก̀ )
Soekarno joined the non aligned movement but still have left tendency. indonesian received sverdlovs class cruised that renamed as KRI Irian, various soviet jets like MiG 17 and MiG 21. Some submarine that two of them still active till today. A submarine tender ship. Those weapon are used in the west papua confronfation
The problem is U.S Americans were always involved in the coup in order not to fall into Soviet but Nah the last coup Permesta was failed because the general detected Paratrooper, as result, he decided to go left little bit (Except relation with John F. Kennedy) until September '30s make him down and another awful regime was started in general who become chaos later in new order.
"Some submarine that two of them still active till today"
incorrect. You probably tought about the whiskey class sub which soekarno got from the Soviets, but those subs has been long retired and there's even one has been converted into a museum in surabaya.
The one that still active is Type 209 that Soeharto bought from East germany in 1977. And now only 1 subs left after the tragic loss of KRI Naggala
@@FuyatoB perhaps he even believed that theory of some whiskey submarines were in Brunei 😄
Even Indians did the same thy keep relation with USSR, bought Weapons and technology like Space tech and Aircraft carrier.
"some submarine that two of them still active today" mulut siapa itu asbun sekali!
Makes me think of the Twilight Zone episode "To Serve Man", where the head of the UN said to the alien "Representatives from most of the important nations are here".
Meanwhile in USA : either you're with us, or against us
They assassinated our🇮🇳 primary nuclear scientist because of that 🤬
Indonesian : As been said by a Priest from Pirates of the Carribean on strangers tide "I'm not with you neither against you"
@@byron-ih2ge that's not confirmed , the guy who came up with that theory had a fake name and was a holocaust denier
@@06.vineethdsouza80 lol no he was a retired cia employ
Switzerland was so non aligned they didn’t join the non aligned movement
ye, we are not white nor rich this is not even our politic but tension between european and communist european
When you can stay neutral in world wars cold war will be child's play
Well the NAM was created not to content the other two blocs, but rather, it's because 'we don't give a dam about your conflict', sure itvs a rather 'loose' one.. But if the purpose was to uniting all members and stand against the other 2, then might as well called '3rd bloc or central bloc or something bloc'
And to be honest NAM was created because most of the founder and members are 'tired/sick' being under someone's feet. And being in NAM give you an advantage in trading in anything to both sides, sure the deals isn't much compared to if you join 1 side, but at least you won't have to offend one side and be dependant to the other.
This is amazing and no detail left un done!
then Yugoslavia paid the price... well done NATO. Many delegates participated in the conference in Bandung representing their nations before independence like the Tunisian delegation composed of syndicalists of UGTT and the "Destour" party.
Nothnig to do with the nato.
@@altergreenhorn entire armies of the so called moujahidins back in 1992... fully equipped, landed in the port of split and crossed the borders to Yugoslavia.
@@altergreenhorn it's always have to do with NATO.
Guys, you've missed a quite important point: almost oll of NAM countries behaved like pretty girls who invited advances from many suitors for as long as they could keep them coming. Such countries milked both cows with great success, ready to sign countless submissive agreements with each side provided the other side does not learn about it. That politics almost always ended in disaster (as in Afganistan), eventually, but at the moment its allure was overwhelming.
I have to say a word for Afghanistan. Before 1973, Afghanistan received only about $1.2 billion in aid. (source: Taliban) however, Vietnam received more than $10 billion in aid from the Soviet Union. India and Yugoslavia have received a lot of assistance because of their geographical advantages, but in fact, the benefits of non aligned countries are no more than those of other countries
@@可爱包-c4v You could not be more wrong about Aganistan. Not only it was receiving astronomical help from IMF/etc, USSR was building a lot of houses (still the best housing in Kabul), schools, hospitalies, colleges, sending professors, trades, providing all kinds of education in USSR, etc. Vietnam, destroyed by war, was in a completely different situation.
@M Zrull:Afghanistan changed in 1973，1978 and 1979. After 1973, Afghanistan was ruled by Pro Soviet people. So , I can only refer to Afghanistan's assistance before 1973. According to 《Soviet aid to the third world.an analysis of its strategy》, Afghanistan received US $541 million, in 1955-1964 and 128.3 million in 1965-1979, but 742 million in 1979 and 426 million in 1975. There was not too much Soviet aid before 1973. In addition, the Soviet Union also provided $10 billion in aid to Mongolia and North Korea. Later, Russia cancelled their debts. So I don't think Afghanistan has received more funds because of the non aligned movement.
The above data are all Soviet aid received by Afghanistan.Excluding other countries
@@可爱包-c4v none of that has any correlation to reality.
Love this channel, I keep learning or consolidating my knowledge of the cold war which I am personally intrigued and interested in, thank you for your amazing work :D
I've heard a little about the NAM before, but not in a little while. Thank you for another informative episode, particularly in laying out those ten points in full. I would enjoy more episodes on the NAM to learn even more about it.
God be with you out there everybody. ✝️ :)
I hope this doesn't start a flame war but some videos on one of the 4 major conflicts between India and Pakistan would be great!
Pakistan was a former member of SEATO. India is a member of NAM. US was good buddies with Pakistan till cold war ended. then they decided to trust pak govt for war against taliban. and got the result soon in 2021.
Well Pakistan wasn't a part of NAM until 1990s
This (The cold war)Channel Is the best and inform us with good and vast information.
This is by far my favorite video. I always thought that in the cold war a country had to choose a side
I think Tito is the key player in the non aligned movement, because only his charisma and legacy is strong enough to attract other members
A yugoslavian I see
@@bread9815 not really but Tito is easily one of the most accomplished leader in 20th century for a non superpower nation
Have been waiting for this since my country ini it and one of the pioneer , just curious will it be different from the history books we got back then in school
Recently, I studied the history of Afghanistan. Afghanistan likes the United States, but Afghanistan has a territorial dispute with Pakistan, an American ally. The United States does not provide military assistance to Afghanistan, so Afghanistan asks the Soviet Union for military assistance (Afghan officers study in the Soviet Union), but Afghanistan continues to ask the United States for economic assistance and joins the non aligned movement. This is a smart idea. At the political meeting of the Soviet Union, the Soviet leaders almost cancelled the invasion plan of Afghanistan for fear of the opposition of non aligned countries. The non aligned movement almost changed the fate of Afghanistan.😥😥😥😭😭😭
I am sad that they don't say why egypt was in the group
Nice video
Few years after the first NAM conference in 1961, these countries are not entirely "Not-Alignment" or completely neutral. its so hard to remain neutral when these 2 superpowers have such strong political influence.
only Yugoslavia was a true Neutral power. until it went error .404. rest were all Soviet lackeys who became Pro west one by one, or more importantly , kind of sidelined socialist policies to pick some free market policies.
Its because there is any coup by cia or kgb in many of that country
Ah yes, the "play both factions to enrich my self and friends" faction. (Yes not all of the member is like this but most are).
Your saying it like it's a bad thing.
Amazing!! Thank you
Funny how you mentioned Warsaw pact first before NATO.
it was in Third World block that Cold War was fiercely fought (civil wars, coup d'etat, rebel groups).
Yes, I agree. Many of the conflicts were proxy wars on behalf of the two blocks.
50s was the golden decade for Burma.
Love your channel, fantastic videos
I love seeing “free market” commercials at the beginning of these “Cold War” videos….
That shows you what ideals work…. 😂
We love watching you every Saturday morning 🥰
Your bell button jokes always makes me chuckle. Thanks for that. 🙂
always excited to see a upload, you guys cover good shit about the cold war, like actual life in it for everyone.
Always want you to cover this topics.. thanks bro 🙏
Non Aligned Movement is one of the least talked about topic. Being an Indian, I love to see one discussion dedicated to this struggle
If India picked the West, then India would have been the superpower instead of China.
@@badluck5647 Or would've been reduced to a resource exporting nation like many other in Latin and South America.
It's easy to judge history looking back, but at the time, the future was still uncertain.
@@badluck5647 India would have been Philippine'd by the capitalists. India alone would have dominated the Western bloc if India was allowed to prosper without pressure. It's the same plan that involved not allowing India to become a dominion after the great war in the barbaric betrayal at Jallianwala Bagh.
@@someonejustsomeone1469 India would be lucky to be like the Philippines. India has so much potential, but flushes it down the toilet. Their so-called non-alignment is just an excuse for red tape and protectionism. There is a reason that there are so many people who are poor in India, but become millionaires once they start working in America. Clearly, the people are hardworking and intelligence, but the country's government policy is garbage.
@@badluck5647 lul, India would have been devastated for the natural resources and population alone. It would've been given short term profits and sensationalist "free" media to divide the population. And when things go wrong withdraw everything and mark India as a failed state as an excuse to invade it in the name of "democracy". Or press sanctions which would further fuel nationalism and cut off the country from the rest of the world which will result in a win-win. Like with Medvedev and Putin.
You are right that India had potential, and that potential is a threat to the West. Iran, Philippines, Lebanon got the same fate and India somehow survived. Protectionism neutered the economy, but it made a stable society without damaging foreign relations. Which is needed if you're a whole Europe in a single country surrounded by nuclear foes.
Fantastic video once again
11:50 Yo, that is Nehru's speech "at the stroke of the mid night hour", Aug 15, 1947. It is not Colombo Conference.
Alternative Title
The Bullied Kids Group
On a side not, nearly all "hard" ideologies are usually not very efficient.
As J.M. Keynes ones put it, "When the facts change, I change my mind."
While it is somewhat necessary to bundle up different ideas, especially in democratic state systems, the whole idea of a static opinion is outlandish when examined closely. One always has to evaluate and question the efficiency of ones own solutions and theories, otherwise one ends up with stagnant and eventually outdated systems that fail to produce required solutions.
As a ( not in the sense of radical compromise centrist but rather as a look-at-all-sides-and-choose-the-best-possible/appropriate-option type of guy ) the ideal way of approaching new challenges is usually an ever evolving process that isn’t afraid of change but also not blind to possible arising issues.
The concept behind the idea of "Rhine capitalism" as a merger of socialist welfare and capitalist markets is pretty much my go to example to illustrate this point.
Somehow forgetting that Yugoslavia IE the were under ottoman rule for up to 500 years and saying that they never were colonies is just uninformed and disapointing
Our president Soekarno chose to maintain diplomatic relation with communist state like USSR, North Korea, Cuba, etc despite Indonesia was one of non Allignment Movement. He also gave more power and strategic political position to Indonesian Communist party (PKI) and rise the negative tension between him and military and Islamist. That was one of many causes why he lost all of his power and influence over Indonesian in 1967 and thus the New Order was born under dictatorship of Presiden Soeharto.
he wanted to control every political groups that distrusted each other.
Soekarno ruled with an iron fist almost like tito to maintain the indonesian state.
Also he wanted to work with the japanese in WW2.
Weird to see that a lot of these non-aligned nations were 'evil'.
Not sure to be evil because even he cooperate with Japan because propaganda if Japan is old Brothers Indonesia, always has been if you do not see why he corporate, also Soekarno actually can tolerate but nah since U.S.A get involved at the coup in Permesta also others so he has done with the U.S.A and turns a little bit to left but since the generals also have a conflict because many not loyal to him so many they have suspect about '30s coup in September and as result, he gets down and changes another dictator and tyrants
and remember one point why he corporate Japan because he still has trust with them about promise independence, even no longer after nuking Hiroshima and Nagasaki, but the young faction decides to kidnap him and ask to declare independence immediately and Soekarno refused and say if you want to kill me just kill me but they are too scared to fo that because he is a pioneer for the independence. And the negotiation between Ahmad Soebarjo and the kidnap change and make sure they declared as soon as possible on the date is promised 17th August 1945.
AYYYYY HELLO MY BOIS IM BACK
Appreciated your clever turn of phrase regarding the bell button 😜
5 years of italian occupation does not constitute colonialism, but 500 years of ottoman and austrian rule over balkans does.
Dear developed nations' citizens,
I understand, it was not us, you and me. It was our great grandfathers' deeds.
But indirectly, still, I am where I am now because of you. And you are where you are now, because of me.
Sincerely yours,
developing nations' citizen
many might think this was a failure only because there was peace, power struggle in asia was sure way to start WW3. Imagine Cuban crisis with 30 more countries.
I appreciate the wisdom of these leaders, especially our PM Nehru. We wanted a world peace and Co operation.
You said Yugoslavia had no history of colonialism but the Ottoman Empire and Austro-Hungaria begs to differ
Of all the countries that adhered to the NAM, are there any that are economically successful (able to feed their populations without foreign aid)? And how many of them are not in conflict with another country? I want to understand whether this movement brought any positive changes in these countries, if it promoted social and economic development.
Both Indonesia and india are top 10 countries by GDP respectively Yugoslavia is destroyed by nato Egypt was failed state because of constant wars with Israel and Ghana is progressing except for 2 countries non aligned movement pretty much sucessfull
NAM means We are aligned with both side