Storm, Thunder, Lightning

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  • เผยแพร่เมื่อ 8 พ.ค. 2020
  • I love the storm in early May,
    When the spring, the first thunder,
    As if frolic and playing,
    Rumbles in the blue sky.
    Lightning is one of the most impressive phenomena on Earth. You always accurately recognize the approach of a thunderstorm, because sometimes you even hear peals of thunder before you see dark clouds. But the scenario of a thunderstorm can be different.
    Lightning is a static discharge in the atmosphere. Ice crystals and water droplets create static electricity, which leads to different levels of positive and negative electric charges in the clouds and below them. Like all weather events, lightning is just an attempt by nature to balance the situation: in this case, it tries to balance the uneven electric field in the atmosphere.
    During a thunderstorm, you can see quite a few different types of lightning. We are best acquainted with cloud lightning: it can begin at the base of the clouds (negative lightning) or high in the atmosphere in the center of a thunderstorm (positive lightning). We can also observe a lightning strike from cloud to cloud; lightning flashing inside one cloud; and lightning that comes from the cloud into the air around it.
    Regardless of where it occurs or where it strikes, lightning itself is very hot: in fact, the average lightning is many times hotter than the surface of the Sun. Although most discharges last only a split second, these extreme temperatures still quickly heat the air around the lightning. This superheated air expands rapidly in the form of sound, that is, the roar of thunder. This is the answer to our question: all lightnings generate thunder due to their highest temperature and subsequent heating of the air.
    However, even if all lightning creates thunder, you can easily see lightning without hearing thunder. The sound of thunder disperses as it moves away from the point of lightning strike. For example, you may notice on the horizon a flash of lightning in a thunderstorm, located more than 150 km from you. You can also see dozens of discharges and flashes in the clouds in the distance, but you won’t hear the thunder. This phenomenon is mistakenly called the “lightning”, because before people thought differently, believing that it was hot air that caused lightning.

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