Scotty: "I'll put it another way. How thick would a piece of your Plexiglas need to be at 60' x 10' to withstand the pressure of 18.000 cu ft of water?" Nicols: "That's easy, 6". We carry stuff that big in stock." Scotty: "Eeyeah I uh noticed. Suppose, just suppose, I were to show you a way to manufacture a wall that would do the same job, but be only 1" thick? Would that be worth somethin' to ya?" Scotty traded the formula for 6" plexiglas. He didn't have Plexicorp make Transparent Aluminum for him. Forgive me, I'm Star Trek purist....
Indeed. They didn't have time for them to make it and mass produce it. Nor did they have currency to purchase the amount of plexiglass needed, thus, barter.
That scene from star trek always stuck with me ... do you remember right before that when Scotty tried talking to the computer and they looked at him like he was crazy then he said "oh ya" (or something close to that) and picked up the mouse and talked into it like a microphone. Priceless!!!
In order to safe weight (so they tell us in Germany), nowadays the glass layer is thinner, and the plastic laminate is being kept thicker. That means, if you get a relatively small stone from the road thrown onto the windshield, a modern windshield will not crumble with 10,000 pieces laying in the interior. But it will chip on much smaller impact. Since glass is not a flexible material, the modern thinner layer will bend in and develop a crack instantly. Replace, replace, rep[lace ... every time how much?
Im also sure that if you were ever sinking in a lake that u like to be able to break out the windshield. As well as if u ever got into an accident that the fire crew can actually break into the window to save your life.
I find it extremely annoying when people call saphire "transparent metal" - it's not metal any more then regular glass is "transparent silicon" or calling salt "transparent sodium" Compounds with metal elements in them aren't metals, they certainly don't conduct electricity which is the main difference between metals and non-metals. And in fact you call it a ceramic later, which is what it is.
I would love a stronger windshield. I have replaced many windshields in the past for small chips that other people would have just lived with. I'd love a windshield that is more resistant to small rocks and road debris.
Alon's transparency range is wonderful for camera sensors, but its greatest other contribution may be when laminated with a thinner upper & lower flexible glass that could retain the structure's form after successful impacts such as by micro-meteorites.
It's aluminum oxynitride also called Alon with a price tag of $13 a square inch. It can also stop a 50 caliber bullet. The process they use to make it is quite fascinating.
I am very interested in this stuff so please digging. These incremental improvements by Tesla are making their products the best on the planet. I hope other companies are following Tesla as closely as you so they can copy them and improve on what Tesla is doing.
The only thing Tesla is improving is their ability to fool the gullible. Musk demonstrated laminated glass and convinced you that they invented something new.
I think the glass window on the cybertruck presentation was part of the marketing strategy...even if it broke...everyone was talking about it the next day and it will forever remembered.
You can't help but deal with a certain amount of Tesla stuff on any technical channel. Elon is simply pushing the technological innovation and development forward faster than anybody else. If you din't cover him and his companies you wouldn't be doing your job. Keep it up :-)
@@Lemrod83 He's never claimed to be an inventor but he's more than a businessperson. He's got that x quality that motivates people, that gets them excited and wanting to know more. I can't think of another person that currently has that type of acumen. And a big part of it is he wants better for the world. I may be wrong but now that he's filthy rich, he doesn't seem as motivated by the money for money's sake, so much as what it can do and where it can take us. I can respect that. As opposed to the old crusties who just want to take the money for the sake of having it. Like some weird addiction.
@@annakeye I think you're right. He is a dazzling personality. Intelligent, unconventional and not exclusively selfish. But I wish he realized how much he plays and how much more he could do for the planet and its inhabitants. Nobody needs a Mars mission. And a Tesla is no better for the environment than any other car. But I agree with you, he's way better than all the bankers, gamblers, and the other capitalist vermin.
Friedrich Nietzsche I don’t agree with you. Why does Tesla and SpaceX have so many patents if they’re not innovative? Granted, Elon is foremost an engineer, but a highly innovative one.
matthewweaverworks I should know. My stepson took a 10 lb rock to his head. A car basically kicked the rock at my wife’s car and punted it through the window, shattering his skull. He barely lived
Chris Dailey Holy fucking shit. I have heard audio tracks of an entire family screaming as one of them had their entire head crushed from a similar scenario. Glad yours survived.
ALON was developed in the 80's. It's made by compressing aluminum powder under heat. I was part of a Navy team evaluating this stuff for the Sidewinder missile seeker dome.
Vijay Kumar Right, and in fact, this is current practice - by law, ALL windshields are laminated glass, and no one is going to use a pin-fired glass breaker or sledge hammer to escape out the front.
They would probably have some kind of release tab on the inside to make the whole window pop out.Elons smart,so im sure he would've thought of somethin for that already.imagine he built it (the glass n metal body) so strong that they cant even cut it open with the jaws of life thing they use to cut metal doors n shit open tho aye?lol
Hello Mat, Just wanted to mention that the metal glass on the doors might be a bad idea. In cars the windows shatter on purpose. It protects by absorbing the impact of large objects, but in case that a person is trapped inside it can be shattered with a head rest with ease. It you make an unbreakable glass it defeats the purpose of it being easy to break in case of an emergency. It should be only in the front and back windshield.
Jaimejackrivera there is probably a special place in the glass you can hit on the inside to brake it (I assume). I mean its tesla, the company that makes the safest cars on the planet. They probably thought of it.
@@hayo7073 People like cops often need to break glass fom the OUTSIDE to rescue incapacitated people. Some people will burn to death in a cybertruck while people are hammering on the windows in vain. No doubt.
@@DrD0000M They'll probably stick with the laminate glass as it is in the demo car. It's likely safer for this reason. (Laminate breaks but doesn't shatter, and can still be removed. It's just the same stuff as windshields in most cars already, but put to use in the side windows on the Cybertruck.)
@@TroySavary Well maybe, but we are all just assuming here you know. Nobody knows until the final product comes out. Haters will say its unsafe and lovers will say the opposite. i'm a Tesla fanboy i admit, but i'm not unreasonable. If tesla makes a car you can expect it to be safe. If it ends up being unsafe i won't defend it. If the car was unsafe, why would they make it bulletproof in the first place?
Scotty: "I'm an engineer, not a magician captain." Elon: "It didn't go through." Matt - great content, as usual. And thanks for pointing out one of the best imagination captivating scenes in Star Trek. That scene is *exactly* what came to mind the moment Elon said transparent metal at the Cybertruck reveal.
I remember the movie and I wondered at that time, when is it going to be discover the transparent aluminum (or any metal)?, and I thought, "not in my life time", but guess what?, now you can even buy it for your car. I learned a lot, thanks
Hang on to your original though 'not in my lifetime' ...not in any lifetime. It's not transparent metal - it's a ceramic. The complete thing is pure bogus marketing BS. The very definition of metal is having electron mobility - which is why it can never be transparent. Calling a dielectric ceramic compound with elemental alumnium in it transparent metal is as bogus as calling table salt tranpsarent metal - because it has sodium metal in it. BS
Ok, so here in south Florida we’re taught in driving school to carry a little pointy hammer thing to break the car windows to escape if the car submerges in water because the door becomes impossible to open. (There’s a lot of water ways here and car drownings aren’t uncommon) How would one go about that if you can’t break the glass??
I have the same question. Given that the demo failed with the glass breaking, it can compromised. I’m assuming the pointy hammer would still work, but might take many hits ... I’m really curious to see how Tesla handles this.
@@revimfadli4666 No. It's plainly wrong. Metal is a physical (and also chemical) definition that refers to the property of a material to have free electrons in a conductance band. Ceramics and most composites aren't metals because they lack this property.
Whether it's sapphire or with nitrogen and/or magnesium, it could have some cool properties. Perhaps, transistor gates, LEDs, PVs, defrosting built right into the surface of the windows. What I would love to see would be a auto-darkening windows that track my eyes to block the light of on-coming traffic or the sun, while leaving the rest of the window clear.
And greetings to you too! And don't count Montenegro out ... with a view like this: sumfinity.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/Kotor-Panorama-Daylight-Adriatic-Sea.jpg I'd never leave.
great video. it really helped me on my research. What is your opinion on using ALON ( Aluminum Oxynitride ) to protect Solar Panels from Hurricane flying debris? Considering that Glass blocks energetic light like ultraviolet unless it’s crystal glass, and that Solar would be less effective with regular glass, and also that Heat is a massive problem
Nice one. Can I add a wee point. I'm being a bit picky with startrek but aluminium would be a poor choice for a transparent metal. It very quickly oxidize becoming opaque (on Earth that is)
Disappointed with Elon on this. He is propely educated in physics and engineering and I'm difficult to swallow the fact the it marketing BS it's factual BS. You cannot have transparent metal because it contradicts the very definition of a metal - which is to have high electron mobiliity. Which makes them good conductors an dby that nature it must strongly scatter/reflect electromagnetic radiation ak.a. light! So its not feasible fro it to be transparent. This is a ceramic which just happens to have alumium as an element in its compound formulation.
I recall in the movie Blade (1998) that Blade's armor was Kevlar with titanium strike plates. Maybe the next Blade movie with Mahershala Ali will have him wearing glass armor plates.
As a first responder, “metal glass” is a great idea for the windshield and a terrible idea for side windows. If you get into a collision and trapped in the vehicle, you don’t want side-windows that are hard to break.
I hate to break this to you, but transparent metal only works well if you apply the "knife cuts metal and is still sharp enough to cut a tomato" technique. If you remember that commercial, the person would start "sawing" away at a metal object and then turn to show the knife could still slice a tomato without any problems. If you payed attention you would see the person used the tip of the knife to cut the metal. Then the blade would make contact with the tomato where it hadn't touched metal. That was the trick. The reason the metal glass on the truck broke is because is was mounted to allow zero bounce on impact. If you look at the sample glass being hit from above 05:40, you'll notice that on impact the glass can bounce. Also, the velocity of the ball hitting the glass from above is measurable, and I suspect within limit parameters, so the glass couldn't break because they knew all the variables. When the guy threw the ball at the metal glass all known variables where "thrown" out the window as well. The only 2 possible outcomes of an uncontrolled experiment is A- it will work as designed or B- for "back to the drawing board". The glass on the truck had "zero bounce" as a specification. The throwing of a metal ball requires way more energy than just dropping it, add to that the change in angle of impact caused by gravity and you have a projectile that has the same specs as a bullet (as shown at 03:45). There is a reason metal ball bearings are perfect at what they do, the engineers at Tesla Armor Glass division should study that before using one to test their products.
I was hired to do some research machining on alon several years ago. I really like working with it, and it's amazingly lightweight. I would very much like all my vehicle windows in it, but thicker than standard glass, for the additional protection.
Did you think that maybe on an electric vehicle, you could just simply roll the window down? Its just a matter of making electrical components- water proof. Also, back in the 70's, my parents car lost its breaks and rolled into Shasta Lake. It rolled pretty fast, because it was on a hill and hit the water hard. It floated for a good 30 minutes, enough time to get my 65+ year old cousin out of the vehicle. Today, with all the electronic sensors, GPS, and display utility connected to the internet, the vehicle could dispatch 911, and roll the windows down, if the driver or occupant's are impaired.
Thanks for another great overview Matt. Given the cost of ALON, I wonder if Tesla is currently combining it with plexiglass or other laminates. Maybe they'll offer an optional aquarium for the vault, sharks with frickin laser beams not included... or maybe as a bonus with the founders series?
Agree with Aaron, gorilla glass is just treated glass. However some phones do use a small amount of man-made optical sapphire to cover the main camera lens. Since sapphire is super hard, it keeps you from scratching the camera.
It’s not so much “transparent metal” as it is really durable ceramic/glass (that’s already transparent), right? Feels misleading to call it transparent metal when it cracks and doesn’t dent like metal
Also, it's physically impossible to have a transparent metal in the first place. High electron mobility in a conduction band (i.e. electrical conductivity) as the main property of metals is not compatible with a material being transparent.
@@quantumbubbles2106 any metal is transparent, it depends on thickness... if glas is thick enough, it loses transparency too... i think that holds for all elements... only my thoughts...
@@PainfulRenegade anything is transparent if you need it to be but i think there is a notion of scale you need to keep in mind: Gold for instance starts to become transparent only under about 10 atoms thick sheets while glass starts to lose opacity at thicknesses of tens of centimeters
Not only didn’t the projectile penetrate the cabin ... it took them 50 or so tries before they got the glass to shatter. Kind of embarrassing that that 51st (or whatever) try happened on stage at the reveal but, hey ... still pretty impressive.
Synthetic sapphire? Some of that is an "aluminum ceramic" of sorts that is clear and used in things like expensive watch faces that are resistant to scratching. I think the demo car had something more like shatter resistant glass than "fully armored" glass. Basically it's the same laminate that most windshields have, rather than the safety-only glass that pills up as usual when broken in the side windows. Laminate will break up, but the glass doesn't fall out on it's own. Also in an emergency the usual laminate can still be pushed out, or picked at with a hook or pry bar and pried out. I think synthetic sapphire would be more ideal for headlight lenses or as the outside layer that a headlight lens could be formed into. Would be the best application since it could make them resistant to scratching and hazing as the polycarbonate plastic ones do now. Unbreakable glass for the main windows might not be a good thing when you need to get somebody out of a vehicle accident. Would you want to be trapped with a jammed door if the vehicle catches on fire?
Crypto - actually Electric HEAT is 100x more Efficient, you can HEAT a whole room with a Quartz Heater. just make sure you Close all the Doors inside. Isolating the Room you are in is KEY.
What about comparing that aluminum glass to sapphire glass? Or to plain old gorilla glass? Seems like every time people compare their glass, it’s to some form of “normal” glass, which makes it really hard to get relevant comparisons
The simplest solution to the 'it worked in tests' rap, is that the example used in the live promo wasn't metal glass. Its just a mockup, to be delivered on a future date etc.
@@julian-io5wl All kind of test instruments with display screens, in addition to phones, computers and tablets. Any mirrors in vehicles and in homes could benefit, not to mention the mirrors in gas station restrooms and rest area stops. With all of the crime and shootings where people are killed by stray bullets into homes and businesses, the windows would be best made of this. All vehicle glass. Every place where plate glass is used in businesses. Aquariums. Skyscrapers. Riot shields if it could be made light weight enough. Safety glasses and welding shields. Fireplace glass doors. And to think about it, maybe it could be used as the entire frame for our phones, tablets, and computers. All of these things are just the beginning! Depending on the characteristics of the material there may be other found uses with electrical or electric circuits. Could it be eventually used as a replacement for some types of plastic? Perhaps could it be used for food storage containers because it wouldn't leach harmful chemicals into food or drink? Applications would vary depending on heat and electric conductivity and if these properties could be altered by adjusting the manufacturing process. As the process of making it becomes more widespread and improved, the manufacturing process will be much less costly. Eventually it could become affordable for all kinds of applications. I wouldn't expect it for another 20+ years though. Ultimately it would depend on the greed of those developers who hold patents. Will they be willing to allow the product to be made without imposing heavy royalties or license fees?
Im curious about how this would behave in a crash test. It's hard to break but assuming that it can shatter in a high speed impact, how do the resulting shards behave. If it can stay intact in a high speed crash, how does that affect passenger safety, especially if they don't have a seatbelt on (although I'd assume that car manufacturers assume that passengers are wearing a seatbelt, when they do crash testing)
The "transparent aluminum" bit always gets me. I love when sci-fi and reality seem to come together so seemlessly. I hope they can crack the case and solve the problem that's letting their metal glass crack. The irony isn't lost on me.
Aluminum glass is sapphire glass, even before ALON, you have aluminum oxide glass that's used in watch faces like the glass on a Rolex. The alternative to ALON is also aluminum spinel something that is more common than the proprietary formula that is used in ALON.
Undoubtedly it would be awesome, but extremely cost prohibitive. It just goes to show that under the right conditions, something that is black as coal can eventually become as transparent as glass.
Wow, when did I say anything about diamond windshields? I was just saying that carbon - a black substance in most applications - can be clear and colorless in the right conditions. So, why should we be surprised that other typically opaque elements can be used in transparent materials?
Two things not mentioned. The tesla trucks windows were flat panels and as such can't spread the impulse force. There's another reason that AlON is used in military aplications. It's transparent to IR radiation whereas traditional glass is not. Which makes it far better for thermal, and night vision applications.
As someone who had a full can of coke dropped on my car from a train overpass, I saw it coming down and hit the brakes and instead of coming through the windshield, it dented my hood, I appreciate the concept of “It didn’t go through.”
Hi... Matt Farrel, i enjoy your videos with your glint of excitement in your eyes. This is a good one. After seeing that Star Trek Movies i thought their ideas are unrealistic but now those very ideas are becoming reality. Who knows in future you may do video on "Bulletproof Liquid" or "Anti Gravity Levitation" etc., However I love your videos and looking forward to many more. Thanks from Hyderabad, INDIA.
It is TRANSPARENT CERAMIC ... "transparent metal" is silly marketing hyperbull. Ceramic is NOT Metal, Bauxite is not Aluminum metal, and rust is not iron metal.
what actually undercuts his selling point, 'downtime' for commercial windshield damage, is the fact that no matter if an object penetrates completely or not, you have a damaged windshield forcing the vehicle out of service until repaired.
mounting would also be a great addition thou in figuring how to make something more durable. there is a difference between hard mounting, soft mounting and reactive mounting of things. hard being bolted down as tightly as possible to soft where its still bolted down but using a softer material to help absorb shock waves to reactive which would mean mounting it using the softer material on one side of the hard mount, (where you can if wanted use a 2nd layer of soft material on the backside) and a floating hydrolic or spring type of base. of course the faster something moves might defeat these actions and still damage it but i'd think it would damage it less... the problems will be the space needed, cost of the added components and possibly of systems to monitor the pressure within the system when you go reactive.
5:45 What was shown was NOT any kind of glass. At first, I thought it was the clamps absorbing the impact. But a hard object would not lose so much energy, or roll so nearly to stop so quickly, after impact on the surface (which is why the ball was snatched up so quickly). I want to say that pane is some formulation of Lexan (polycarbonate). But I have not heard of such a formulation of Lexan or acrylic that can resist bending or warping in an otherwise completely flat pane after being struck by a relatively large metal ball as hard as it obviously was. Is that streak, on the lower left corner of the table, a second pane? It would act as a buffer and the top pane would not deform as the impact force would be transformed to the second pane, which no one would see and if that did it would be dismissed as an imperfection in the table itself. I want to assume I am wrong. However, Musk has played it up for the crowd before.
I saw years ago potassium dipped glass. The molecules are smaller than glass and would fill in the spaces on the surface creating very hard and smooth glass. Same demo as cybertruck ball drop. Maybe they figured out how to do it with magnesium or similar?
One big difference between Alon and glass is that it shows up as black in the infrared spectrum. This may result in less of the sun's energy penetrating and heating the interior of a vehicle, but it also may mean that the Alon itself will heat up significantly when exposed to the sun.
That version of Star Trek movie is actually my favorite movie. I watch it continually throughout the year. And I had thought about that movie when he had presented that
The obscure Star Trek material is cool - I love hearing about older sci fi tech becoming real. You could have also mentioned Transparisteel from almost all of the 200+ Star Wars books & movies as well.
Very true! And I also love seeing older sci-fi becoming real. I’m such a nerd that I named my iPad, PADD, as a reference to the data pads they carried around in STNG. Yes .... NERD!
It’s supposedly over 2 times harder than the current iPhone glass which lays at a ~800kgm./mm.2 on the knoop hardness scale, while ALON is reportedly ~1850. For reference regular glass is ~400, and sapphire is 2000 On the Moh’s scale, glass scratches at 5, iphone glass at 7, ALON and Saphire both scratches at a 10 ALON sounds pretty freaking incredible.
The key for the glass is to not crack as its truck off road, saying that because the projectile didn't go through the glass (but cracked the outside) still didn't fix the issue. Your not trying to protect the occupants unless your the military but rather as at the beginning of the video prevent a crack. It cracked. It's not market ready.
You could make the window out of polycarbonate too. They is almost impossible to break. Pretty sure there are legal required to have the side windows that can be broken if the car rolls over or you end up submerged and need to get out
If they start using transparent metal on cell phones Imma keep my phone in my chest pocket for +50 armor stat
Samsung made plastic screen covers
Unbreakable but not bulletproof
I am okay with that
Aluminium- that metal you can bend with your fingers? ;)
@@hamsterminator try bending a jumbo jet
@@hamsterminator that's pure aluminium. Alloys are a lot stronger
+50 to AC? I'd take that any day!
Scotty: "I'll put it another way. How thick would a piece of your Plexiglas need to be at 60' x 10' to withstand the pressure of 18.000 cu ft of water?"
Nicols: "That's easy, 6". We carry stuff that big in stock."
Scotty: "Eeyeah I uh noticed. Suppose, just suppose, I were to show you a way to manufacture a wall that would do the same job, but be only 1" thick? Would that be worth somethin' to ya?"
Scotty traded the formula for 6" plexiglas. He didn't have Plexicorp make Transparent Aluminum for him.
Forgive me, I'm Star Trek purist....
Lake Racer Far better than a Sports Almanac.
My fellow Trekkie you are not alone my friend I also am a HUGE Star Trekkie. Live long and prosper 🖖.
Indeed. They didn't have time for them to make it and mass produce it. Nor did they have currency to purchase the amount of plexiglass needed, thus, barter.
🖖
Yes, this, lol
That scene from star trek always stuck with me ... do you remember right before that when Scotty tried talking to the computer and they looked at him like he was crazy then he said "oh ya" (or something close to that) and picked up the mouse and talked into it like a microphone. Priceless!!!
Yes, haha. "Hellllo, computer."
The keyboard? How quaint.
He said, "how Quaint" when told to use the keyboard and mouse.
I want a windshield that doesn’t chip from small stones thrown up by passing traffic.
Then how are the glass companies going to make billions of dollars of us
In order to safe weight (so they tell us in Germany), nowadays the glass layer is thinner, and the plastic laminate is being kept thicker.
That means, if you get a relatively small stone from the road thrown onto the windshield, a modern windshield will not crumble with 10,000 pieces laying in the interior. But it will chip on much smaller impact. Since glass is not a flexible material, the modern thinner layer will bend in and develop a crack instantly. Replace, replace, rep[lace ... every time how much?
Im also sure that if you were ever sinking in a lake that u like to be able to break out the windshield. As well as if u ever got into an accident that the fire crew can actually break into the window to save your life.
Windows are designed like this for a reason, not just when it comes to money. Safety as well
Peter Kroll and if you commute into the sun every day you are reminded just how secondhand your car is.
I find it extremely annoying when people call saphire "transparent metal" - it's not metal any more then regular glass is "transparent silicon" or calling salt "transparent sodium" Compounds with metal elements in them aren't metals, they certainly don't conduct electricity which is the main difference between metals and non-metals. And in fact you call it a ceramic later, which is what it is.
Agree. Should be transparent alumina (oxide), not transparent aluminum (metal)
You've beaten me to this pedantry. heh It's an important distinction, and it bears being said. Thanks for posting.
It's technically a metal oxide
CO2 is transparent Coal.
Marketing dude... That's all marketing terms that don't give a sh*t for accuracy... And I'm a materials engineer
I would love a stronger windshield. I have replaced many windshields in the past for small chips that other people would have just lived with. I'd love a windshield that is more resistant to small rocks and road debris.
Me too. I’ve had windshields that looked sandblasted.
Alon's transparency range is wonderful for camera sensors, but its greatest other contribution may be when laminated with a thinner upper & lower flexible glass that could retain the structure's form after successful impacts such as by micro-meteorites.
It's aluminum oxynitride also called Alon with a price tag of $13 a square inch. It can also stop a 50 caliber bullet. The process they use to make it is quite fascinating.
Excellent video and insight - I love these vidoes that dig into the 'nerdy' stuff if technology 👍 So keep it up. BR, Per (Denmark)
Matt - yes keep doing these deep dives on specific technical topics. These are great!
I am very interested in this stuff so please digging. These incremental improvements by Tesla are making their products the best on the planet. I hope other companies are following Tesla as closely as you so they can copy them and improve on what Tesla is doing.
Thanks, John. I sometimes worry that I may be going to "nerdy." Glad I'm not!
@falchulk That's for sure!
The only thing Tesla is improving is their ability to fool the gullible. Musk demonstrated laminated glass and convinced you that they invented something new.
I think the glass window on the cybertruck presentation was part of the marketing strategy...even if it broke...everyone was talking about it the next day and it will forever remembered.
As always an interesting and enjoyable video to watch and to think about . Well done Mr. Ferrell 👍
👍 Thanks so much!
You can't help but deal with a certain amount of Tesla stuff on any technical channel. Elon is simply pushing the technological innovation and development forward faster than anybody else. If you din't cover him and his companies you wouldn't be doing your job. Keep it up :-)
I like that thought! Hadn't considered that angle.
I would rather say he monitarizes the already existing technical innovations. He's basically like Edison, not an inventor, but a businessman.
@@Lemrod83
He's never claimed to be an inventor but he's more than a businessperson. He's got that x quality that motivates people, that gets them excited and wanting to know more. I can't think of another person that currently has that type of acumen. And a big part of it is he wants better for the world. I may be wrong but now that he's filthy rich, he doesn't seem as motivated by the money for money's sake, so much as what it can do and where it can take us. I can respect that. As opposed to the old crusties who just want to take the money for the sake of having it. Like some weird addiction.
@@annakeye
I think you're right. He is a dazzling personality. Intelligent, unconventional and not exclusively selfish. But I wish he realized how much he plays and how much more he could do for the planet and its inhabitants. Nobody needs a Mars mission. And a Tesla is no better for the environment than any other car. But I agree with you, he's way better than all the bankers, gamblers, and the other capitalist vermin.
Friedrich Nietzsche I don’t agree with you. Why does Tesla and SpaceX have so many patents if they’re not innovative? Granted, Elon is foremost an engineer, but a highly innovative one.
It didn’t go through, is a good point. Any normal window would see the occupants with a face full of ouch.
matthewweaverworks I should know. My stepson took a 10 lb rock to his head. A car basically kicked the rock at my wife’s car and punted it through the window, shattering his skull. He barely lived
Chris Dailey Holy fucking shit. I have heard audio tracks of an entire family screaming as one of them had their entire head crushed from a similar scenario. Glad yours survived.
Oh my ... so glad he survived.
Chris Dailey damn, that’s intense. I’m glad he survived.
@@cmdoggy24 🧡
ALON was developed in the 80's. It's made by compressing aluminum powder under heat. I was part of a Navy team evaluating this stuff for the Sidewinder missile seeker dome.
I need a pair of safety glasses with transparent metal glass.
Poly carbonate lenses are quite tough, but they have issues with getting scratched and don't like UV. Don't make for good windshields.
Glasses ? we all should be wearing ALON face shields.
Oooooo nice
Hmmmmmmm
Alon turns into little knife like shards when it breaks, have fun!
Imagine being trapped in a vehicle and all you needed to do to get out was break the window
Yes - but there are work around this safety issue. all you need is some areas with usual glass. The metal glass is needed only in the windshield.
Vijay Kumar
Right, and in fact, this is current practice - by law, ALL windshields are laminated glass, and no one is going to use a pin-fired glass breaker or sledge hammer to escape out the front.
They would probably have some kind of release tab on the inside to make the whole window pop out.Elons smart,so im sure he would've thought of somethin for that already.imagine he built it (the glass n metal body) so strong that they cant even cut it open with the jaws of life thing they use to cut metal doors n shit open tho aye?lol
@@philipsmi-lenguyen8155 release tabs often don't work when the frame is warped or damaged
You roll down the window??
Hello Mat,
Just wanted to mention that the metal glass on the doors might be a bad idea. In cars the windows shatter on purpose. It protects by absorbing the impact of large objects, but in case that a person is trapped inside it can be shattered with a head rest with ease. It you make an unbreakable glass it defeats the purpose of it being easy to break in case of an emergency. It should be only in the front and back windshield.
Jaimejackrivera there is probably a special place in the glass you can hit on the inside to brake it (I assume). I mean its tesla, the company that makes the safest cars on the planet. They probably thought of it.
@@hayo7073 People like cops often need to break glass fom the OUTSIDE to rescue incapacitated people. Some people will burn to death in a cybertruck while people are hammering on the windows in vain. No doubt.
@@DrD0000M They'll probably stick with the laminate glass as it is in the demo car. It's likely safer for this reason. (Laminate breaks but doesn't shatter, and can still be removed. It's just the same stuff as windshields in most cars already, but put to use in the side windows on the Cybertruck.)
@@hayo7073 I see you drank the Kool-Aid.
@@TroySavary Well maybe, but we are all just assuming here you know. Nobody knows until the final product comes out. Haters will say its unsafe and lovers will say the opposite.
i'm a Tesla fanboy i admit, but i'm not unreasonable. If tesla makes a car you can expect it to be safe. If it ends up being unsafe i won't defend it.
If the car was unsafe, why would they make it bulletproof in the first place?
I would like to see electrochromic glass for skylights so I can dial up and dial down tinting.
It's been on the market for years, but it is very expensive.
Scotty: "I'm an engineer, not a magician captain." Elon: "It didn't go through." Matt - great content, as usual. And thanks for pointing out one of the best imagination captivating scenes in Star Trek. That scene is *exactly* what came to mind the moment Elon said transparent metal at the Cybertruck reveal.
I'm surprised you didn't mention sapphire (corundum), which is Al2O3 -- another type of "transparent aluminum" that's already in wide use.
I remember the movie and I wondered at that time, when is it going to be discover the transparent aluminum (or any metal)?, and I thought, "not in my life time", but guess what?, now you can even buy it for your car. I learned a lot, thanks
Glad you liked it!
Interestingly, Sapphire is Aluminum Oxide (technically Al₂O₃), which is very close to ALON (which is very close to ELON :D ).
@@ColinFox Okay, so we already had it
Hang on to your original though 'not in my lifetime' ...not in any lifetime.
It's not transparent metal - it's a ceramic. The complete thing is pure bogus marketing BS.
The very definition of metal is having electron mobility - which is why it can never be transparent.
Calling a dielectric ceramic compound with elemental alumnium in it transparent metal is as bogus as calling table salt tranpsarent metal - because it has sodium metal in it.
BS
Lots of metal oxides are transparent. Oxidized metal isn't really "metal". There is still no transparent, ductile, metal.
Ok, so here in south Florida we’re taught in driving school to carry a little pointy hammer thing to break the car windows to escape if the car submerges in water because the door becomes impossible to open. (There’s a lot of water ways here and car drownings aren’t uncommon)
How would one go about that if you can’t break the glass??
I have the same question. Given that the demo failed with the glass breaking, it can compromised. I’m assuming the pointy hammer would still work, but might take many hits ... I’m really curious to see how Tesla handles this.
Awesome breakdown Matt!
Thanks, Raj! Glad you liked it.
ALON Musk :')
Ha! I thought the same thing. Happy accident?
Bingo 😁
Too easy !!! LOL
So Iron man got it wrong? 🤣
Yup
People should stop calling ceramics "metal". They are metal oxide.
We don't call ceramic bowls a metal bowl.
Maybe "metal" doesn't refer to the substance, but the genre
@@revimfadli4666 No. It's plainly wrong. Metal is a physical (and also chemical) definition that refers to the property of a material to have free electrons in a conductance band. Ceramics and most composites aren't metals because they lack this property.
@@raffaeledivora9517 so how does that contradict what I said? Does that make metal music, aesthetic etc not metal?
@@revimfadli4666 Lol I had not taken your statement as a (funny!) quip. 🤣 My bad
Whether it's sapphire or with nitrogen and/or magnesium, it could have some cool properties. Perhaps, transistor gates, LEDs, PVs, defrosting built right into the surface of the windows. What I would love to see would be a auto-darkening windows that track my eyes to block the light of on-coming traffic or the sun, while leaving the rest of the window clear.
Thank you, Matt, from Peru, South America where some of Tesla windows are made... :)
Thanks for watching, Walter! And greetings from Boston (sounds like I'm enjoying the Peruvian made glass in my Tesla every day).
And greetings to you too! And don't count Montenegro out ... with a view like this: sumfinity.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/Kotor-Panorama-Daylight-Adriatic-Sea.jpg I'd never leave.
Walter Cabanillas López And T shirts (at least the Cotten says ...Peruvian.
@@just_a_random_n00b_ Balkan region gave us Borat 😀
@@just_a_random_n00b_ And on top of that you lost one of your greatest scientists of the century so far: Dragan Hajdukovic.
I enjoy digging into the tech surrounding this! Thankyou for the great content!
Great informative clean production
Thanks!
great video. it really helped me on my research.
What is your opinion on using ALON ( Aluminum Oxynitride ) to protect Solar Panels from Hurricane flying debris?
Considering that Glass blocks energetic light like ultraviolet unless it’s crystal glass, and that Solar would be less effective with regular glass, and also that Heat is a massive problem
Thank you for sharing your wonderful wonderings with the world. They fascinate me (and undoubtedly many others).
Thanks, Corey! Glad I'm not alone on enjoying exploring these topics.
Nice one. Can I add a wee point. I'm being a bit picky with startrek but aluminium would be a poor choice for a transparent metal. It very quickly oxidize becoming opaque (on Earth that is)
Thank you for the knowlegde. Always enjoy your video's !
Appreciate that! Thanks for watching.
Thanks for the very informative video again Matt..
Thanks for watching as always!
Good 'ol Musky: "Transparent Aluminum?..."
Scotty: "That's the ticket laddie!"
Disappointed with Elon on this. He is propely educated in physics and engineering and I'm difficult to swallow the fact the it marketing BS it's factual BS. You cannot have transparent metal because it contradicts the very definition of a metal - which is to have high electron mobiliity. Which makes them good conductors an dby that nature it must strongly scatter/reflect electromagnetic radiation ak.a. light! So its not feasible fro it to be transparent. This is a ceramic which just happens to have alumium as an element in its compound formulation.
keep it coming i just love how you break things down...
Yes! I want a cybertruck channel😁. I need something to watch for the next 3 years.
24/7 Cybertruck to hold you over while you wait?
Yes me too. Please lots of updates please!!!!
So the headline should read: “ELON FAILS WITH ALON”
"Only ELON can break ALON"
-> Something something... diamonds! ( Yes. I know Franz is the one who did it ).
I recall in the movie Blade (1998) that Blade's armor was Kevlar with titanium strike plates. Maybe the next Blade movie with Mahershala Ali will have him wearing glass armor plates.
As a first responder, “metal glass” is a great idea for the windshield and a terrible idea for side windows. If you get into a collision and trapped in the vehicle, you don’t want side-windows that are hard to break.
is it law where you are that the side windows need to be breakable? i know in some places it is same goes for houses.
is it law where you are that the side windows need to be breakable? i know in some places it is same goes for houses.
I hate to break this to you, but transparent metal only works well if you apply the "knife cuts metal and is still sharp enough to cut a tomato" technique. If you remember that commercial, the person would start "sawing" away at a metal object and then turn to show the knife could still slice a tomato without any problems. If you payed attention you would see the person used the tip of the knife to cut the metal. Then the blade would make contact with the tomato where it hadn't touched metal. That was the trick. The reason the metal glass on the truck broke is because is was mounted to allow zero bounce on impact. If you look at the sample glass being hit from above 05:40, you'll notice that on impact the glass can bounce. Also, the velocity of the ball hitting the glass from above is measurable, and I suspect within limit parameters, so the glass couldn't break because they knew all the variables. When the guy threw the ball at the metal glass all known variables where "thrown" out the window as well. The only 2 possible outcomes of an uncontrolled experiment is A- it will work as designed or B- for "back to the drawing board". The glass on the truck had "zero bounce" as a specification. The throwing of a metal ball requires way more energy than just dropping it, add to that the change in angle of impact caused by gravity and you have a projectile that has the same specs as a bullet (as shown at 03:45). There is a reason metal ball bearings are perfect at what they do, the engineers at Tesla Armor Glass division should study that before using one to test their products.
During a Job Interview
Manager: So tell me about yourself
Me : 1:48
McKevin Dauntless😂😂🤣🤣🤣🤣
Thanks for a really, really informative and good presentation video 🙂
Great research thanks
Thanks, Jeff!
Love this channel and the production is masterful.
Can I get this on my phone?
I was hired to do some research machining on alon several years ago. I really like working with it, and it's amazingly lightweight. I would very much like all my vehicle windows in it, but thicker than standard glass, for the additional protection.
The biggest problem with that glass being in/on any vehicle is emergency escape measures. Other than that why not.
Did you think that maybe on an electric vehicle, you could just simply roll the window down? Its just a matter of making electrical components- water proof.
Also, back in the 70's, my parents car lost its breaks and rolled into Shasta Lake. It rolled pretty fast, because it was on a hill and hit the water hard. It floated for a good 30 minutes, enough time to get my 65+ year old cousin out of the vehicle.
Today, with all the electronic sensors, GPS, and display utility connected to the internet, the vehicle could dispatch 911, and roll the windows down, if the driver or occupant's are impaired.
@@Chilltothend electric vehicles have the weight of a heavy battery
Thanks for another great overview Matt. Given the cost of ALON, I wonder if Tesla is currently combining it with plexiglass or other laminates. Maybe they'll offer an optional aquarium for the vault, sharks with frickin laser beams not included... or maybe as a bonus with the founders series?
ordered 2
It's already used in smartphones: Gorilla Glass is a transparent metal - it's a form of industrial sapphire, which is based upon aluminium.
Agree with Aaron, gorilla glass is just treated glass. However some phones do use a small amount of man-made optical sapphire to cover the main camera lens. Since sapphire is super hard, it keeps you from scratching the camera.
It’s not so much “transparent metal” as it is really durable ceramic/glass (that’s already transparent), right? Feels misleading to call it transparent metal when it cracks and doesn’t dent like metal
Also, it's physically impossible to have a transparent metal in the first place. High electron mobility in a conduction band (i.e. electrical conductivity) as the main property of metals is not compatible with a material being transparent.
@@quantumbubbles2106 any metal is transparent, it depends on thickness... if glas is thick enough, it loses transparency too... i think that holds for all elements... only my thoughts...
@@PainfulRenegade anything is transparent if you need it to be but i think there is a notion of scale you need to keep in mind:
Gold for instance starts to become transparent only under about 10 atoms thick sheets while glass starts to lose opacity at thicknesses of tens of centimeters
It really isn't comparable
@@bastienpabiot3678 that is what i said, it depends on thickness...
Not only didn’t the projectile penetrate the cabin ... it took them 50 or so tries before they got the glass to shatter. Kind of embarrassing that that 51st (or whatever) try happened on stage at the reveal but, hey ... still pretty impressive.
"What is Tesla Armor Glass?" Matt Ferrell doesn't know. Thank you very much, Matt.
Synthetic sapphire? Some of that is an "aluminum ceramic" of sorts that is clear and used in things like expensive watch faces that are resistant to scratching.
I think the demo car had something more like shatter resistant glass than "fully armored" glass. Basically it's the same laminate that most windshields have, rather than the safety-only glass that pills up as usual when broken in the side windows. Laminate will break up, but the glass doesn't fall out on it's own. Also in an emergency the usual laminate can still be pushed out, or picked at with a hook or pry bar and pried out.
I think synthetic sapphire would be more ideal for headlight lenses or as the outside layer that a headlight lens could be formed into. Would be the best application since it could make them resistant to scratching and hazing as the polycarbonate plastic ones do now. Unbreakable glass for the main windows might not be a good thing when you need to get somebody out of a vehicle accident. Would you want to be trapped with a jammed door if the vehicle catches on fire?
I want a cigarette lighter that will heat my whole house.
I can do that! Just go under your house with any lighter and set it on fire. Boom warm.
Crypto - actually Electric HEAT is 100x more Efficient, you can HEAT a whole room with a Quartz Heater. just make sure you Close all the Doors inside. Isolating the Room you are in is KEY.
What about comparing that aluminum glass to sapphire glass? Or to plain old gorilla glass?
Seems like every time people compare their glass, it’s to some form of “normal” glass, which makes it really hard to get relevant comparisons
never get tired of hearing Ganja - Ooyy
Ha! Great song.
The simplest solution to the 'it worked in tests' rap, is that the example used in the live promo wasn't metal glass. Its just a mockup, to be delivered on a future date etc.
Impenetrable glass is wonderful until you're trapped behind it.
They'll just put a metal ball that throws itself at the window in case of emergency
ALL Tesla vehicle have kick out Glass from the Inside.
I have waited 2 decades for Alon to take off its about time!
Really milking that CyberTruck! I love it!😂
Gotta do for a living.
The fire is still blazing, but not as hot as before...
Mr. Boomguy I imagine after they unveil the new battery tech they will update the ranges for the cybertruck and then the fire is blazing again.
I'll bet you top dollar you're correct on that.
Ha! Yeah ... this is probably my last one for a bit.
Interesting to say the least. I like these kinds of videos. Good job, I gotta look this stuff up now!
Sounds like a bad idea for a driver trying to escape a sinking vehicle.
make cars waterproof 2020
Thank you for refraining from playing that background music throughout!
I could use transparent metal on a lot of things! haha
explain
@@julian-io5wl All kind of test instruments with display screens, in addition to phones, computers and tablets. Any mirrors in vehicles and in homes could benefit, not to mention the mirrors in gas station restrooms and rest area stops. With all of the crime and shootings where people are killed by stray bullets into homes and businesses, the windows would be best made of this. All vehicle glass. Every place where plate glass is used in businesses.
Aquariums. Skyscrapers. Riot shields if it could be made light weight enough. Safety glasses and welding shields. Fireplace glass doors. And to think about it, maybe it could be used as the entire frame for our phones, tablets, and computers.
All of these things are just the beginning! Depending on the characteristics of the material there may be other found uses with electrical or electric circuits. Could it be eventually used as a replacement for some types of plastic? Perhaps could it be used for food storage containers because it wouldn't leach harmful chemicals into food or drink? Applications would vary depending on heat and electric conductivity and if these properties could be altered by adjusting the manufacturing process.
As the process of making it becomes more widespread and improved, the manufacturing process will be much less costly. Eventually it could become affordable for all kinds of applications.
I wouldn't expect it for another 20+ years though. Ultimately it would depend on the greed of those developers who hold patents. Will they be willing to allow the product to be made without imposing heavy royalties or license fees?
@@MicahFunk Ok I thought you meant that ironically because of the "haha".
Could be kitchen knifes with blades made of ALON??... sharp like ceramic knifes but no as brittle to impacts??
Geniuses make just as many mistakes as everybody else. But when they get it right - amazing.
I believe they make a lot more mistakes
Elon Musk is no Genius.
Just a rick prick with no more ideas then a 12yo kid
Cough, Hyperloop, cough cough.
Im curious about how this would behave in a crash test. It's hard to break but assuming that it can shatter in a high speed impact, how do the resulting shards behave. If it can stay intact in a high speed crash, how does that affect passenger safety, especially if they don't have a seatbelt on (although I'd assume that car manufacturers assume that passengers are wearing a seatbelt, when they do crash testing)
Can't wait to drive my Lamborghini Cyber truck
Rambo Lambo
The one that costs £500 to fill the tank?
The "transparent aluminum" bit always gets me. I love when sci-fi and reality seem to come together so seemlessly. I hope they can crack the case and solve the problem that's letting their metal glass crack.
The irony isn't lost on me.
As in a previous comment, AlON is NOT A METAL, just like NaCl is not a metal.
I assume it's a crystal lattice. Perhaps ionic crystal lattice doesn't sound as cool as transparent metal.
Aluminum glass is sapphire glass, even before ALON, you have aluminum oxide glass that's used in watch faces like the glass on a Rolex. The alternative to ALON is also aluminum spinel something that is more common than the proprietary formula that is used in ALON.
Let’s not forget that diamonds are transparent carbon...
Can't imagine a diamond windshield ... but that might be kind of awesome ... and expensive.
Undoubtedly it would be awesome, but extremely cost prohibitive. It just goes to show that under the right conditions, something that is black as coal can eventually become as transparent as glass.
@@douglasgroff7648 It would make very crapy windshield, it is too brittle...
Wow, when did I say anything about diamond windshields? I was just saying that carbon - a black substance in most applications - can be clear and colorless in the right conditions. So, why should we be surprised that other typically opaque elements can be used in transparent materials?
Two things not mentioned. The tesla trucks windows were flat panels and as such can't spread the impulse force. There's another reason that AlON is used in military aplications. It's transparent to IR radiation whereas traditional glass is not. Which makes it far better for thermal, and night vision applications.
They invented transparent metal long time ago, it's called "chain link fence".
If channel becomes 100% CyberTruck I won’t complain
As someone who had a full can of coke dropped on my car from a train overpass, I saw it coming down and hit the brakes and instead of coming through the windshield, it dented my hood, I appreciate the concept of “It didn’t go through.”
Intentionally or ? Where at ?
It was high school kids doing something stupid. I almost lost control and crashed the car as well. I guess BMW does stand for break my window.
You should have sped up and it would have hit the roof, trunk or road behind you.
Foo Barrel It’s not like I had much time to ponder my options . If I sped up it might have come through my sunroof.
@@idocmirk Yeah, was just yanking your chain, mate. You did the right thing on instinct.
Phones are generally quite durable already, if people actually hold them properly or have them stored somewhere padded while out on bikes etc.
You said it your self: alon is ceramic.
As a consequence to the polishing for transparency - it makes the surface resistant to anything adhering so no need for windscreen wipers.
Would never be In a phone, how would the company make money on screen repairs 😂
But who even sends their phone back to the company for a screen repair .. suckers..lol.
. Most people goto those asain repair shops
Right! It was a really cool Star Trek moment. (Even if the movie was a little lack luster). Very enlightening, Matt, thank you.
This nerd has convinced me
Hi... Matt Farrel, i enjoy your videos with your glint of excitement in your eyes. This is a good one. After seeing that Star Trek Movies i thought their ideas are unrealistic but now those very ideas are becoming reality. Who knows in future you may do video on "Bulletproof Liquid" or "Anti Gravity Levitation" etc., However I love your videos and looking forward to many more. Thanks from Hyderabad, INDIA.
It is TRANSPARENT CERAMIC ... "transparent metal" is silly marketing hyperbull.
Ceramic is NOT Metal, Bauxite is not Aluminum metal, and rust is not iron metal.
As a chemist I gave a thumb up. It's probably aluminium oxide (possibly with something extra) . Not metallic, not pure aluminium.
Yes, Alon is technically a transparent ceramic, but it’s taken on transparent metal as a common marketing term because it has aluminum in it.
@@UndecidedMF every glass has metals in it
@@UndecidedMF Yes .. unfortunate, but true ... but that is what happens when Star Trek IV marketing execs start shooting up Ketracel-White.
Well done Matt. This is simple and informative on such an important spec of the truck and Tesla innovation.
“That’s the ticket laddie”
what actually undercuts his selling point, 'downtime' for commercial windshield damage, is the fact that no matter if an object penetrates completely or not, you have a damaged windshield forcing the vehicle out of service until repaired.
mounting would also be a great addition thou in figuring how to make something more durable. there is a difference between hard mounting, soft mounting and reactive mounting of things. hard being bolted down as tightly as possible to soft where its still bolted down but using a softer material to help absorb shock waves to reactive which would mean mounting it using the softer material on one side of the hard mount, (where you can if wanted use a 2nd layer of soft material on the backside) and a floating hydrolic or spring type of base. of course the faster something moves might defeat these actions and still damage it but i'd think it would damage it less... the problems will be the space needed, cost of the added components and possibly of systems to monitor the pressure within the system when you go reactive.
5:45 What was shown was NOT any kind of glass. At first, I thought it was the clamps absorbing the impact. But a hard object would not lose so much energy, or roll so nearly to stop so quickly, after impact on the surface (which is why the ball was snatched up so quickly). I want to say that pane is some formulation of Lexan (polycarbonate). But I have not heard of such a formulation of Lexan or acrylic that can resist bending or warping in an otherwise completely flat pane after being struck by a relatively large metal ball as hard as it obviously was.
Is that streak, on the lower left corner of the table, a second pane? It would act as a buffer and the top pane would not deform as the impact force would be transformed to the second pane, which no one would see and if that did it would be dismissed as an imperfection in the table itself. I want to assume I am wrong. However, Musk has played it up for the crowd before.
I saw years ago potassium dipped glass. The molecules are smaller than glass and would fill in the spaces on the surface creating very hard and smooth glass. Same demo as cybertruck ball drop. Maybe they figured out how to do it with magnesium or similar?
One big difference between Alon and glass is that it shows up as black in the infrared spectrum. This may result in less of the sun's energy penetrating and heating the interior of a vehicle, but it also may mean that the Alon itself will heat up significantly when exposed to the sun.
That version of Star Trek movie is actually my favorite movie. I watch it continually throughout the year. And I had thought about that movie when he had presented that
The obscure Star Trek material is cool - I love hearing about older sci fi tech becoming real. You could have also mentioned Transparisteel from almost all of the 200+ Star Wars books & movies as well.
Very true! And I also love seeing older sci-fi becoming real. I’m such a nerd that I named my iPad, PADD, as a reference to the data pads they carried around in STNG. Yes .... NERD!
Great video, I was assuming that it was Transparent Aluminum, while your video is not a confirmation, it does strengthen my original feeling.
It’s supposedly over 2 times harder than the current iPhone glass which lays at a ~800kgm./mm.2 on the knoop hardness scale, while ALON is reportedly ~1850. For reference regular glass is ~400, and sapphire is 2000
On the Moh’s scale, glass scratches at 5, iphone glass at 7, ALON and Saphire both scratches at a 10
ALON sounds pretty freaking incredible.
The key for the glass is to not crack as its truck off road, saying that because the projectile didn't go through the glass (but cracked the outside) still didn't fix the issue. Your not trying to protect the occupants unless your the military but rather as at the beginning of the video prevent a crack. It cracked. It's not market ready.
You could make the window out of polycarbonate too. They is almost impossible to break. Pretty sure there are legal required to have the side windows that can be broken if the car rolls over or you end up submerged and need to get out