Let us count our blessings for being alive in a time when this information has been so generously made available for free. John your are a hero of humanity. When people integrate this information and apply it worldwide, we can feed everyone well while fixing the climate. People pay attention, apply it, and share this information far and wide.
This video literally taught me something new as an undergrad student, I use to think why do we spray all these pesticides when we don’t apply them properly we’re feeding the world toxic chemicals and they can leach into our environment and kill ecosystems in the area. But, when he gave an example about the foliar application of the nutrients to boost up the crop and 48/hrs the pests died. True genius! I never knew any of this I literally used to read books and get tired of reading due to not able to understand any information but John, and his Videos helped me learned so much!
At around 17:50 Kempf mentions that insects lack the digestive enzymes to break down the last peptide-to-peptide bond that is used to build complete proteins. However, insect bodies are full of proteins and are actually really well-known in literature for being able to break down many natural defense compounds in plants. I have never heard of this peptide bond incompatibility being referenced and I would be very interested in hearing more about this enzyme creation incompatibility and if it's cited in any peer-reviewed scientific literature that I could review because it's very relevant to my work. Plants and insects co-evolved with microbes very early in the colonization of Earth's surface and insects have had the ability to break down plant tissues for more than 200+ million years according to molecular clock estimates. In fact herbivorous insects (as well as mites) have access to enzymes for breaking down sugars, proteins, and other substances either produced by their own bodies or those of symbiotic bacteria and fungi. The primary sugar that many insects consume is sucrose (though it is not the only one), and they break this down into glucose which is then converted into a special "blood sugar" called Trehalose, a researcher named Larry Keeley, Professor Emeritus of Insect Physiology and Biochemistry at Texas A&M, focused on Insect Neuroendorinology and found a trehalose synthase in insects, and his videos on the subject are freely available on TH-cam. The vast majority of insects have wings and flight is very important to their ecological interaction. In order to power their flight muscles which is extremely energy-intensive, they break down the trehalose in their body which provides energy. Aphids were mentioned by name, but they eat nothing but phloem sap, and rely on bacteria to process essential vitamins and amino acids much like humans do for similar substances. Also, insect behavior can be highly influenced by their microbes. Silverleaf Whitefly brains for example can be infected by the Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus which change its documented color preference from yellow to green and plant volatile compound attraction, because they're healthier and likely to be uninfested by the virus. In this case, the insect is actually attracted to healthier plants. I look forward to reading about this peptide incompatibility! For those interested in more insect ecology physiology there is much information on the subject and as an Integrated Pest Management Specialist I recommend: "Honeydew Sugars and Osmoregulation in the Pea Aphis Acyrthosiphon pisum" "Living on a high sugar diet: the fate of sucrose ingested by a phloem-feeding insect, the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum" "Biochemistry of Digestion" R Terra and C Ferreira, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil 2005, Elsevier BV "The Nutritional Requirements of Phytophagous insects: Why do some insects feed on plants?" "The regulation of trehalose metabolism in insects" "Herbivory meets fungivory: insect herbivores feed on plant pathogenic fungi for their own benefit" "Evolutionary trends of digestion and absorption in the major insect orders" There's also a video called "The Role of Insect Digestion in Integrated Pest Management" that shows how leafhoppers in organic and conventional vineyards were actually more attracted to plants with higher brix sugar levels in a research report meant to study this assertion called, "Leaf sap brix and leafhoppers in vineyards" by Mark Mayse, PhD, Dept. of Plant Science, California State University-Fresno Organic Farming Research Foundation 1995.
Thank you for taking the time to offer so much perspective and information. This is crucial to us agrarians trying to sort through the torrent streams of information we find ourselves navigating. I hope John K will respond here to you, as well, to help connect, discern and grow the valid body of knowledge collectively. I hope you have (or will) joined Kind Harvest. Gratefully, Willie Gibson, CCA
John will have his sources, I have experienced with aphids and Tomatoes horn worms leaving once I was able to get the Nitates down in peppers and Tomatoes by foliar feeding Mo.
Thank you for your work and explaining why our Mango blooms have zero fungal issues but the weeds below in our orchard floor is covered with powdery mildew.
The entire order Erysiphales is pretty pernicious, I have some videos about how they parasitize plants if you're interested in understanding that relationship.
We love to hear that, Dave Hansen. There are plenty more available :) Have you had a chance to watch our newest video, How Farmers Can Reduce Inputs through Regenerative Agriculture? Find it here: th-cam.com/video/muv-rQnbVTI/w-d-xo.html - The AEA Team
@@AdvancingEcoAgriculture I did not l, thank you I will watch very soon. If myself and company wanted to have John kempf to speak with our TH-cam community how would I go about that?
This is a really good explanation of what is happening physiologically in a plant. However, there are lots of claims here and it would have been useful to see some cited articles or links to support them. I do not say this to undermine John's presentation but I say it that it would have given more depth and further reading opportunities for the ones interested. Great presentation!
I agree, I've enjoyed other perspectives of Kempf on agricultural topics but when people ask me about sources for certain claims I've never really been able to point them to an empirical peer-reviewed study for things like the protein or sugar enzyme deficiency but I've come across lots of research that specifically focuses on all the enzymes insects have and their need for sugars.
Another extremely insightful lecture from John. Many thanks. I am working with small holder farmers where average plot size is often less than an acre size. Going for sap analysis is, quite challenging. What can we do as a generic approach to go for foliar application to attain the first two level of plant health pyramid..
Each organism seeks to benefit its own self interests (reproduction and survival). I agree there are no ‘pathogens’ because if it benefits an organism more to help another (because they get more food and thus reproductive advantage) they’ll do so.
as usual, great presentation rounding up so many lessons but ..."very slow transformation" if we use only brix readings and not sap analysis? could be slow but very slow? also i am thinking gardens. of course, John knows the economics of these matters and if one's concern is a commercial farm...also if John could talk of leaf pH which Bruce Tainio developed as a test...blessings to all
What is the correlation between birds and insects? Do birds eat fruit because of disease and decomposition after the insect has attacked the fruit? Or do birds only eat healthy fruit and vegetables
Interesting question there is a place for birds to eat ripened or over ripe fruit to spread their healthy seed, I guess nature wouldn't want to spread unhealthy non viable seed. Cant wait to hear what others think on this matter.
Plenty of birds eat ripe, over-ripe fruit and even unripe fruit, it depends on the bird and the plant and the environment in which they interact. Some plants like chili peppers have compounds like capsaicin that repels some mammals and insects but does not affect birds, and facilitates birds eating and them and then passing them to other areas with a nutritive dropping.
Birds often eat/peck veg/fruit for moisture. A good rason to keep recirculating bird baths on you property. It will mitigate some damage by satisfying their thirst & keeps them local to eat insects. Of course nothing short of netting will keep birds off of many fruits.
If Rejuvenate & sulfur & moly can help turn urea into amino acid, will Rejuvenate also bind to other minerals like calcium or potassium thiosulfate to form "bacteria" that can help feed plants efficiently? Perhaps it is only urea?
Hi there! Question: min 5.40 you say Steve and Denis mentioned the work of .... from the university of .... I can’t understand those names which I would love to in order to follow up with that research! Sorry, Spanish fellow here. Language limitations. Thanks a lot and great work!
Hi Miguel, thank you for your question. Steve and Dennis were referring to the work of Dr. James White from Rutgers University on pseudomonas species and disease repression. We're so glad to hear that you enjoyed this video :) - The AEA Team
Let us count our blessings for being alive in a time when this information has been so generously made available for free. John your are a hero of humanity. When people integrate this information and apply it worldwide, we can feed everyone well while fixing the climate.
People pay attention, apply it, and share this information far and wide.
Yet, another phenomenal presentation by the agronomist king, Sir John Kempf.
Thank you Sir! Been growing things for 50 yrs. The systems of processes - you present make me question all my experience. Cheers!
This video literally taught me something new as an undergrad student, I use to think why do we spray all these pesticides when we don’t apply them properly we’re feeding the world toxic chemicals and they can leach into our environment and kill ecosystems in the area. But, when he gave an example about the foliar application of the nutrients to boost up the crop and 48/hrs the pests died. True genius! I never knew any of this I literally used to read books and get tired of reading due to not able to understand any information but John, and his Videos helped me learned so much!
At around 17:50 Kempf mentions that insects lack the digestive enzymes to break down the last peptide-to-peptide bond that is used to build complete proteins. However, insect bodies are full of proteins and are actually really well-known in literature for being able to break down many natural defense compounds in plants. I have never heard of this peptide bond incompatibility being referenced and I would be very interested in hearing more about this enzyme creation incompatibility and if it's cited in any peer-reviewed scientific literature that I could review because it's very relevant to my work. Plants and insects co-evolved with microbes very early in the colonization of Earth's surface and insects have had the ability to break down plant tissues for more than 200+ million years according to molecular clock estimates.
In fact herbivorous insects (as well as mites) have access to enzymes for breaking down sugars, proteins, and other substances either produced by their own bodies or those of symbiotic bacteria and fungi. The primary sugar that many insects consume is sucrose (though it is not the only one), and they break this down into glucose which is then converted into a special "blood sugar" called Trehalose, a researcher named Larry Keeley, Professor Emeritus of Insect Physiology and Biochemistry at Texas A&M, focused on Insect Neuroendorinology and found a trehalose synthase in insects, and his videos on the subject are freely available on TH-cam. The vast majority of insects have wings and flight is very important to their ecological interaction. In order to power their flight muscles which is extremely energy-intensive, they break down the trehalose in their body which provides energy. Aphids were mentioned by name, but they eat nothing but phloem sap, and rely on bacteria to process essential vitamins and amino acids much like humans do for similar substances.
Also, insect behavior can be highly influenced by their microbes. Silverleaf Whitefly brains for example can be infected by the Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus which change its documented color preference from yellow to green and plant volatile compound attraction, because they're healthier and likely to be uninfested by the virus. In this case, the insect is actually attracted to healthier plants.
I look forward to reading about this peptide incompatibility!
For those interested in more insect ecology physiology there is much information on the subject and as an Integrated Pest Management Specialist I recommend:
"Honeydew Sugars and Osmoregulation in the Pea Aphis Acyrthosiphon pisum"
"Living on a high sugar diet: the fate of sucrose ingested by a phloem-feeding insect, the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum"
"Biochemistry of Digestion"
R Terra and C Ferreira, University of São Paulo,
São Paulo, Brazil 2005, Elsevier BV
"The Nutritional Requirements of Phytophagous insects: Why do some insects feed on plants?"
"The regulation of trehalose metabolism in insects"
"Herbivory meets fungivory: insect herbivores feed on plant pathogenic fungi for their own benefit"
"Evolutionary trends of digestion and absorption in the major insect orders"
There's also a video called "The Role of Insect Digestion in Integrated Pest Management" that shows how leafhoppers in organic and conventional vineyards were actually more attracted to plants with higher brix sugar levels in a research report meant to study this assertion called, "Leaf sap brix and leafhoppers in vineyards" by Mark Mayse, PhD, Dept. of Plant Science, California State University-Fresno Organic Farming Research Foundation 1995.
Thank you for taking the time to offer so much perspective and information. This is crucial to us agrarians trying to sort through the torrent streams of information we find ourselves navigating. I hope John K will respond here to you, as well, to help connect, discern and grow the valid body of knowledge collectively. I hope you have (or will) joined Kind Harvest.
Gratefully, Willie Gibson, CCA
I would email him. This is an involved question.
I think likely the wrench in the problem is the running assumption that things evolved.
How is evolution an assumption
John will have his sources, I have experienced with aphids and Tomatoes horn worms leaving once I was able to get the Nitates down in peppers and Tomatoes by foliar feeding Mo.
Thank you for your work and explaining why our Mango blooms have zero fungal issues but the weeds below in our orchard floor is covered with powdery mildew.
The entire order Erysiphales is pretty pernicious, I have some videos about how they parasitize plants if you're interested in understanding that relationship.
Superb presentation. Learnt a lot but need to digest them. Thanks a lot.
Epic! The future looks exciting!
Thanks John. Excellent information.
Great job on this. Super important. Makes me second think my grow style
Excellent facts and well spoken (great tone)!! Learned more from this than I expected.
Thank you!
I can listen to these all day 🙌🏻
We love to hear that, Dave Hansen. There are plenty more available :) Have you had a chance to watch our newest video, How Farmers Can Reduce Inputs through Regenerative Agriculture? Find it here: th-cam.com/video/muv-rQnbVTI/w-d-xo.html
- The AEA Team
@@AdvancingEcoAgriculture I did not l, thank you I will watch very soon. If myself and company wanted to have John kempf to speak with our TH-cam community how would I go about that?
This is a really good explanation of what is happening physiologically in a plant. However, there are lots of claims here and it would have been useful to see some cited articles or links to support them. I do not say this to undermine John's presentation but I say it that it would have given more depth and further reading opportunities for the ones interested. Great presentation!
I agree, I've enjoyed other perspectives of Kempf on agricultural topics but when people ask me about sources for certain claims I've never really been able to point them to an empirical peer-reviewed study for things like the protein or sugar enzyme deficiency but I've come across lots of research that specifically focuses on all the enzymes insects have and their need for sugars.
Another extremely insightful lecture from John. Many thanks. I am working with small holder farmers where average plot size is often less than an acre size. Going for sap analysis is, quite challenging. What can we do as a generic approach to go for foliar application to attain the first two level of plant health pyramid..
Really great!!! Thank you! I will try to adapt this to the honeybees
Sorry.. The plot size is about a quarter of an acre only and terrain is undulated one. I am from India..
Great John
Is there any negative effect of we have excess of mycorrhizal,PGPR, phosphorus solubilizing bacteria in soil.
Was also wondering how hydroponic health worked
I grow plants that have latex, how do you measure brix in that?
Each organism seeks to benefit its own self interests (reproduction and survival). I agree there are no ‘pathogens’ because if it benefits an organism more to help another (because they get more food and thus reproductive advantage) they’ll do so.
Your picture shows uncovered rows. My understanding is that is bad. Why not low cover crops?
as usual, great presentation rounding up so many lessons but ..."very slow transformation" if we use only brix readings and not sap analysis? could be slow but very slow? also i am thinking gardens. of course, John knows the economics of these matters and if one's concern is a commercial farm...also if John could talk of leaf pH which Bruce Tainio developed as a test...blessings to all
What if lamb's quarter is what you're trying to grow?
What is the correlation between birds and insects? Do birds eat fruit because of disease and decomposition after the insect has attacked the fruit? Or do birds only eat healthy fruit and vegetables
Birds eat healthy plants and fruit. They are like us
Interesting question there is a place for birds to eat ripened or over ripe fruit to spread their healthy seed, I guess nature wouldn't want to spread unhealthy non viable seed. Cant wait to hear what others think on this matter.
Plenty of birds eat ripe, over-ripe fruit and even unripe fruit, it depends on the bird and the plant and the environment in which they interact. Some plants like chili peppers have compounds like capsaicin that repels some mammals and insects but does not affect birds, and facilitates birds eating and them and then passing them to other areas with a nutritive dropping.
Birds often eat/peck veg/fruit for moisture. A good rason to keep recirculating bird baths on you property. It will mitigate some damage by satisfying their thirst & keeps them local to eat insects. Of course nothing short of netting will keep birds off of many fruits.
If Rejuvenate & sulfur & moly can help turn urea into amino acid, will Rejuvenate also bind to other minerals like calcium or potassium thiosulfate to form "bacteria" that can help feed plants efficiently? Perhaps it is only urea?
Hi there! Question: min 5.40 you say Steve and Denis mentioned the work of .... from the university of ....
I can’t understand those names which I would love to in order to follow up with that research!
Sorry, Spanish fellow here. Language limitations. Thanks a lot and great work!
Hi Miguel, thank you for your question. Steve and Dennis were referring to the work of Dr. James White from Rutgers University on pseudomonas species and disease repression. We're so glad to hear that you enjoyed this video :)
- The AEA Team
@@AdvancingEcoAgriculture Ah, thanks so very much for getting back! I'll look it up :)
Would it be correct to say 'pathogen' is a function as a type of decomposers in unhealthy biological systems?
Bugs gotta eat something?
The quote on the thumb nail for the video makes no sense