The man who faked human cloning
ฝัง
- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 9 พ.ค. 2024
- This is the scientific scandal that rocked an entire country. Korea's King of Cloning. Part 1 of 2.
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Additional Images from Getty Images
Poker Table 3D model is a Royalty Free Asset licensed from tdubic on Freed3D.
State of the Union Clip from the AP Archive. Bush Stem Cell address from CSPAN.
All other footage from PD Notebook episodes “The Myth of Hwang Woo Suk”, “The Rise and fall of the cloning King, Dr. Hwang”, “The Egg Donor Issue”.
황우석
Music from TH-cam Audio Library and Epidemic Sound (in order of appearance):
Familiar Things - The Whole Other
Alliance - Karl Casey @ White Bat Audio
Brave New World - Karl Casey @ White Bat Audio
Sonic - Lish Grooves
Boards - Francis Preve
Slice of Paradise - Karl Casey @ White Bat Audio
Arcadia - Karl Casey @ White Bat Audio
Namaste by Audionautix is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license. creativecommons.org/licenses/...
Artist: audionautix.com/
Absolutely Nothing - Jeremy Blake
MydNyte - Noir Et Blanc
Dark Matter - Chasms
The Showdown - Karl Casey @ White Bat Audio
Stranger Danger - Francis Preve
Blue Macaw - Quincas Moirera
Lucid Dream - Karl Casey @ White Bat Audio
Melt - Karl Casey @ White Bat Audio
Dangerous - Karl Casey @ White Bat Audio
Last Stop - Karl Casey @ White Bat Audio
Control Sample - Skyra
Fortress Europe - Dan Bodan
Sources:
COMPETING “ORIGINARY” TECHNOLOGIES: HUMAN CLONING, EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS AND BUDDHISM IN SOUTH KOREA AND BEYOND
Explaining the Hwang Scandal: National Scientific Culture and Its Global Relevance
Modest Witnessing and Managing the Boundaries between Science and the Media: A Case Study of Breakthrough and Scandal
How Could a Scientist Become a National Celebrity? Nationalism and Hwang Woo-Suk Scandal
Making matters of fraud: Sociomaterial technology in the case of Hwang and Schatten
Comparing Public Discourses in Stem Cell Policy Debates
The Discourse of National Population Crisis and Its Framing of Bioethical Issues in Contemporary South Korea
Fraudulent Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research in South Korea: Lessons Learned
Questioning Hype, Rescuing Hope? The Hwang stem cells scandal and the reassertion of hopeful horizons:
How Young Korean Researchers Helped Unearth a Scandal - Science Magazine
Science, patriotism and discourses of nation and culture: reflections on the South Korean stem cell breakthroughs and scandals
The Challenges of Governing Biotechnology in Korea
The Hwang Woo-Suk Scandal Hasn’t Ended
The Hwang Scandal That “Shook the World of Science”
Evidence of a Pluripotent Human Embryonic Stem Cell Line Derived from a Cloned Blastocyst (2004 paper)
Patient-Specific Embryonic Stem Cells Derived from Human SCNT Blastocysts (2005 paper)
Dogs cloned from adult somatic cells (Nature)
Human embryonic stem cells: Derivation, culture, and differentiation: A review
Science, Technology, and the Imaginaries of Development in South Korea
Rethinking Women and Their Bodies in the Age of Biotechnology: Feminist Commentaries on the Hwang Affair
Protecting Egg Donors and Human Embryos-The Failure of the South Korean Bioethics and Biosafety Act
The Ethical and Regulatory Problems in the Stem Cell Scandal
Nature’s Comprehensive Timeline of the Hwang Scandal: www.nature.com/news/2005/0512...
0:00 The Idea
9:34 The Crisis
15:14 The Celebrity
24:34 The King
31:50 The Theory
42:20 The American
53:51 The Loophole - วิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี
Part 2 is out now: th-cam.com/video/st6yupvNkVo/w-d-xo.html
i will.
when will it be released on yt
Dont have money :(
watching part 2 rn whilst reading and writing for college exams in a few days
@@mrelephant2283 maybe that isnt the best idea but u do u
hearing bush say “even the most noble ends do not justify any means” a month before 9/11 sure is something
That was before the brain damage
nah it wasnt brain damage, it was just that what was politically convenient changed lol
Ah yes, fake wmds and torture for, respectively, free oil + 500,000 dead Iraqi citizens, and absolutely 0 actionable Intel over more than a decade. The noblest of goals.
@@TheSuperappelflap bush was a fool from beginning to end
I feel like the saying he meant “Even the most in-noble ends justify any means (assuming economically viable)
“Where did you get those eggs” is genuinely one of the most terrifying sentences ive ever heard
fr tho gave me the chills
mf has a phobia of eggs
only in context
@@AverageConsumer-uj8sm I mean yeah, without it it sounds more silly than anything
"Those delicious eggs." -HBomberGuy
If I ever decide to scam my way to a Nobel price , I'll be sure to submit both to Science and Nature
+2
and if you get caught, just say that it was all a part of a sociological study you were doing about how far social engineering can take you
except you can't. anytime you submit, you have to accept the condition that you haven't and shall never publish the results anywhere else.
And don’t forget Scripps
@@teja7976the beauty of the scam is you don’t have the follow the rules. Change a few numbers and boom!
Having watched The King of Clones on Netflix, I feel like I can officially say, in my opinion, this is by far the superior documentary on this scandal. Much more focused, to the point, and informative, without sacrificing drama and tension.
Netflix is just drama even when it focuses on documentaries.
@@ashishhembrom3905Pure entertainment.
Netflix docs are unwatchable, and I do mean ALL of them
the visual storytelling of using both halves of the card to frame the balance locally vs the world stage? keeping the cards face down while they're relevant, just not publicly facing (yet)? you are on another LEVEL with these videos im so impressed
HONESTLY! Their videos are really impressive, I'm always suprised with the different ways to convey a message. Super cool, always a treat a watch!
There was one moment where I paused and was like "oh here we go, all the cards are on the table, i wonder how they'll be played" before i realized i was looking at a grid of literal cards with people's faces on them
Best vids on youtube
LoL, it all a (national security secret) there are a sh*t load of NDA's to cover it. All of it is corporate control that goes beyond worldly belief. To simplify.
th-cam.com/video/jiTvXLB_CPY/w-d-xo.html
I’m infatuated with these science scandals. There’s something about it that fascinates me on the whole idea of science fraud
Science scandals are just oh so juicy, especially because so much of the institution is based on trust, making violations of that trust especially egregious
For me, what makes it exciting is it sort of peels back the idealistic veneer of science being independent inquiry -- it reveals all the ways the institutions are bound up in politics, commerce, ideology, all of which are usually in one way or another the downfall of the fraudster. But that fraud and that downfall isn't what's interesting to me -- it's what it tells about the realities of scientists who aren't fraudsters, the structures they're constricted in, the avenues they're incentivized to pursue, the realities they're forced to confront in order to thrive. Self-promotion, framing or altering your research to meet government priorities, interfacing with the government, the media, international scientific publications, even just your own institution's administration -- that stuff usually doesn't get a whole lot of light shined on it, so having interesting videos which illuminate some of that structure is really nice.
Just imagine how much fraud we didnt discover yet
any science where money is involved is fraud, at least when large scale trials are required.
alot of modern day science is based on ideological nonsense and fraud if not outright made up
You made the cloning of a wholeass sheep sound.. a lot easier than I imagine it actually is.
It really is a lot easier than you think, IIRC the main issue is that most of the embryos they tried it on didn't develop well. IIRC Dolly only lasted 7-8 months before her health issues went nuts. I think that's when we figured out what telomeres did (they're a buffer to avoid crucial damage to vital "data" in our genes, and the adult cell clones don't regenerate that buffer, so you get genes that are "worn down"
So the cloning was easy, the DNA extraction was kinda challenging, but the luck of getting as little DNA damage as possible was where the hurdle is.
Look up "meat grape tissue recellularization" in the search bar, just to see how easy it is to just grow cells where they're not supposed to grow.
Technically you could attempt cloning in your own backyard if you could sustain say, a chicken embryo with the proper egg-like conditions, and had the budget to rent the tools to muck with DNA.
Well of course a sheep is easy to clone, they follow your directions
See it's not easy it's simple, just a 4 step stairway. Problem is is one of those steps is 40ft high
@@zealousdoggo you just gotta jump real high
@@neoqwertycool Getter Robo icon btw
Biomed student here. Great documentary! I would just like to add that nowadays, embryonic stem cell research has pretty much been replaced with induced stem cells. We can just take a skin biopsy or blood sample from someone (healthy or patient) and reprogram these cells to be pluripotent, in essence climbing back down the tree that’s presented. It’s widely used in neuroscience, because it allows us to look at cells within the context of their organ without having to, you know, cut in someone’s brain for example.
Induced pluripotent stem cells get a brief mention in part 2!
Weren't there some disadvantages to induced pluripotent stem cells vs harvesting stem cells from a embryo?
You've nearly mastered science scandal storytelling I'm telling you. That "where did you get those eggs" line was a genius line because I think it was a question in the back of everyone's mind while watching. You know that's an open end and you know there's some major scandal in all of this but that one line ties the ENTIRE story together and primes the next half
The sheer loaded implications of that one question is enough to make you go :O
@@dustrose8101 Yeah, it's one hell of a cliff hanger. Like, I basically stopped considering it as a facet of the story and had subconsciously brushed it off, assuming that they must've got the eggs through existing legal channels or some shit; having Bobby bring it up so suddenly was like hearing the screeching of locked tires right before a crash.
And the picture under the narration that... presumably answers the question??? I'm so scared. What did they DO to Park Eul Soon!?!?!?
that part gave me goosebumps
@@missybarbour6885 same thoughts, can't wait for a part 2
This video made me realize how much scientific news is ruled by hypes. When I was a teenager (in the 2000s), cloning was everywhere. This story made me realize I haven't heard about this topic in at least a decade.
Don't get me started on graphene and carbon nanotubes
@@Ramboost007 The Japanese apparently figured out one of those. Nano-crystal steel is a thing now according to them.
@@pretzelbomb6105 the Japanese always seem to be on the cutting edge of metallurgy...
@@Faesharlyn underrated joke
I’m not super up on the history of the field and I’m only halfway through the video, but I feel like part of the reason for that is the invention of induced pluripotent stem cells (not sure if he goes into it in the video, but if not, they’re basically embryonic stem cells that you can make from fully mature adult cells (skin and white blood cells being preferred) through treatment with four protein factors. These have (at least in theory) made the need for therapeutic cloning a lot less necessary as you can get cells essentially identical to embryonic stem cells from individual patients a lot easier. Of course, the tech still has a long way to go, but that definitely seems to be where the field has shifted now.
My mom used to work for a doctor who kept cloning his dog. It was insanely expensive and he did it like two or three times.
Whoa! How long did the clones live?
something in my bones says thats really hecking weird to do
@@felicityc I thought that Schwarzenegger movie about cloning laid out the appeal fairly well: you’re already familiar with them, their fur pattern is the same, their grooming needs will likely be the same, they’ll probably smell the same. It’s all about familiarity for the owner. Maybe even an appeal in reliving their puppy years.
The movie had some unrealistic conceits, like memory transfer and accelerated ageing so your dog won’t even know she died yesterday, but the rest made sense as something someone with enough money might genuinely do.
@@felicityc every medical science revolution and breakthrough feels like that
@@kaitlyn__Lxcept, cloning your pet doesn’t result in that at all. It won’t act like your pet and you can’t even guarantee it will look like your previous pet. It’s a clone but it isn’t a copy. It is also a highly unethical process for the surrogate. :/
Great video as always. You should also look into the Alzheimer's disease research scandal regarding amyloid-beta. Was quite a huge deal considering it was one of the hallmark theories of the disease, and raises important issues regarding image manipulation in research.
Agreed, this would be a great video!
Ooh yes! I’d love to see that
++
I second this! Great idea
Yes, please!
Fun fact: Dolly the Sheeps' body was preserved and is currently on display in the National Museum of Scotland, if you are ever visiting Edinburgh. :) It's a lovely museum, would highly recommend, not only for Dolly.
Excellent museum. I visited in the 2010’s, ended up having to get shooed out by the staff because I was still there when they closed reading through all the plaques. Good shit.
I met dolly a couple of times, in fact she ate from my hand. She was very friendly and would come when called - she knew she'd get some food. As a consequence she was rather rotund. I still go and visit her whenever I'm in the centre of town. I second the quality of the museum, it's free to enter too
I live on a different continent, but have made a note to visit once my ship comes in.
when I went, they had painted a birthday hat on her glass for her 30th birthday
edit: 25th birthday not 30th
I've seen it. They have straw and stuff to keep her warm.
"Where did you get those eggs" sent chills down my spine. Holy shit. Can't wait for part 2
You gotta love the way he sets up huge twists like that, such a skilled story teller to turn scientific scandals into engaging hours long narratives
It’s such a good fucking turn, in one swift Hwang goes from fraudster to horrid human being
Where's Reeva Steenkamp?
And it turns out that nothing will crack this world harder than one gentle question.
It’s already out on nebula, 5 bucks. I’ve watched it, and it’s amazing
I worked in a stem cell regeneration at Tufts briefly a decade or so ago. I think something people don’t think about is how many uses stem cells can have. For instance, we were working on using stem cells to aid in heart tissue regeneration say after a heart attack, because heart tissue does not regenerate, it will turn into scar tissue which doesn’t pump the way the skeletal muscle does. Another one we worked on is gum tissue, for those who have suffered gum recession. There’s a lot of uses and it we weren’t using embryonic stem cells, we were using adult undifferentiated stem cells. I encourage folks to be more open minded about all of this. It doesn’t have to look like cloning and I certainly hope it never gets to that point either because frankly it is creepy and reminds me too much of Battlestar Galactica lol.
It’s also true that a lot of researchers have left because of it. Our head researcher constantly complained and talked about how his work would be more effective if he moved to China. Many have.
But the Christians. We have to sit with candles in the dark ages praying to a magic man who's ONLY concern is who you're sleeping with and if you have kids. Because Christians.
I think the problem is the still controversial use of embryonic stem cells rather than focusing on advances of adult undifferentiated stem cells, for a normal person, muddles the waters. Certainly there are ways to move beyond embryonic stem cell research.
cowardice and intelligence never go hand in hand. Cloning humans is rad. But yes, medacinial benefits are healing factor are also rad.
Yeah honestly. People just got kind of scared and it's taboo, but it HAD regulations and can be benefiting millions of people. It's not so black and white
Thank you for your work. Also, I did not know heart tissue doesn't regenerate.
My prof made us read this paper as a case study of how to look for flaws or concerns research papers. She told us a little of the backstory, and we were all horrified, but it’s so much worse with all the details. As much as this case literally makes me nauseous, thanks for putting this out here, because a lot of people (even in biology) don’t know about it.
I had to do the same thing in one of my classes in college! Such an insane read.
One thing I learned that made cloning make a lot more sense is that identical twins are clones. They just happen to be born at the same time, but one of your identical cells split off and started dividing into its own person, and now you have two genetically identical kids. That's all human cloning really is.
I knew a pair of identical twins, one was rather large and the other was very fit,
It must have sucked to have the genetic proof that you can be fit and healthy close to you
Thats not really what Bush was pointing at, more like the ethical concerns of donating body parts and being born from actual lab cloning, I mean what if you were that child who was born from cloning
@@dcttd8022 While that is for sure his reasoning it does raise the question for those of faith where they draw the line on what is and isn’t ‘playing God’. We know what caused twins to form, it‘s a matter of chance, so does that make every human action that changes the odds of another thing heretical?
Honestly I think the only way to settle it is by thinking ‘does this cause undue suffering?’ (like human-animal gene splicing probably would) because very few believe that’s a good thing.
@@wastag9412yea but you wouldn’t say “well I like the look of this one, let’s keep the other one alive but not let it live it’s life, just in case the one we have needs an organ transplant.”
That idea makes it even worse to think about morally tbh.
@@smilesfordaysIf I'm understanding therapeutic cloning properly, wouldn't you just be building a stockpile of the stem cells for a single organ/stem cells like the ones that make blood cells? You don't have to create a functional human being to get those things.
I do agree that "designer babies" is a dangerous concept, and genetically modifying human embryos for certain traits that are ideal is straight up eugenics. Of course you don't want your child to be born with a heart issue, but some people view things like autism as a "defect".
With due respect to a more conventional engineering career you might have pursued, I am really glad to hear you will be making these documentaries full time! Your passion for this is unmistakeable, and you have a real talent for weaving together complex but cohesive stories that keep your audience engaged.
There are a lot of conventional engineers. There are very few talented original story tellers who specifically focus on science scandals.
I know that Science and Nature ARE high-impact journals held in generally high esteem.... but gotta say, among all the molecular biology scientists I know, they aren't known for good science--they're known for *flashy* science. So glad you did bring that up!
17:37 he picked the cow to clone for the picture I think. That's an amazingly photogenic calf.
Honestly I think the best part of these videos is how you explain it to everyone. You just call organelles "gizmos", because there are people that don't have knowledge of cells, and yet the people that do still know what you're talking about. I just think that it's really cool how you try to reach everyone about important topics like this.
Oh no, people know what Organelles are. It just brings back PTSD of the American school system.
Queue the meme of the powerhouse of the celll
@@LinkiePup nobody asked
@@Magpy93 *It was **_me,_** Bonner, **_I_** am the one who asked.*
@@Magpy93 *It was him, Bonner, **_he_** was the one who asked.*
As a Korean I already know this story, but I didn't even realize until 10 minute mark that this video was going to be about that guy. I was like 'Oh shit I know this one...'
man, the layout of these videos is like asking a student to a lengthy multistep problem, giving them one paper to do it on, and then watching them stuff things where-ever they can, and i love it so much
I live in a world where Eevee is used by a serious youtuber in a video with millions of views to explain stem cells.
Beautiful.
beautiful indeed
The fucking graph is wrong Eevee doesn't evolve with a dusk, dawn, leaf, or ice stone 😑😑😑😑
@@Jerrremy in the newer games you can use both a leaf stone and an ice stone to evolve Eevee but regardless of that it’s simply meant to be a visual aid not be accurate
What video is that?
@@sonic23233 this one 💀
Glad to see you venture into Biology; there's a whole treasure-trove of stuff in our field that makes for good material like the physics scandals you've covered. Can't wait to see this play out.
can't wait for a two hour deep dive into the lysenko scandal that destroyed soviet genetics research
I’m a zoologist, and I agree!
I think biology scandals are more damaging, even as a chemist. With the Schön fraud, the lasting damage is those who were hoping for a new potential material were let down, and not even much financially because he had no investors yet. With the Ninov fraud, all it did really in the end was embarrass a few people. What mattered more in both was that the principle of academic honesty was violated.
With this, you have people like the disabled and the dying hoping for a miracle cure, a government spending millions of dollars, and those donors potentially getting bad side effects. Biology scandals just have higher stakes.
I'd like to see a coverage of the Haruko Obata scandal eventually
Remember when we actively chose to miscount human chromosomes because of one guy? I want a watch a video by him on that too xD
Hi, random Korean here who lived through the Hwang scandal. God that was something... a lot of lessons about research ethics, media hype, and nationalism can be taken from it. The people who aren't aware of the entire story are in for a (rather shocking) treat in part two.
This video is incredibly well researched and I can tell that you put serious effort into this. (I was not expecting Whisoh Lee and Ikjeom Mun to show up lmao, those are two names well-known to the Korean public) As a Korean I can say I'm well aware of the Korean side of this scandal, but not the context of the wider world and the global reception to it. Thanks for covering this incident, part two can't come sooner
Edit) Trivia for the three people who will read this comment: Despite South Korea's obsession with the Nobel prize (which is still a thing), to date only one Korean has ever won one: former president Kim Dae-Jung (mentioned briefly in the video), for his political activism during Korea's military dictatorships and as president, efforts to reconcile with North Korea. Many Koreans still want another Korean to win one, because a) his policies regarding North Korea were and have been controversial and b) it's the goddamn peace prize, even we know it's the most fraudulent of them all
It's similar with where I'm from. There were many cases but there was a not-so-fine chap who fooled the government, media, and general public into thinking he lead rocket, fighter jet, and other defence-related tech development projects in Europe while not being European. Played into the whole nationalism bollocks too, and everyone believed him and hated his detractors who saw through it. The day he was caught was hilarious.
Hi, one of three here, really neat seeing your perspective on this video
Second of three here, cool comment, thank you for writing it
I'm third of three I guess
Fourth, surprise!
As a third-gen Korean American, I really appreciated the cultural context you provided. Hwang’s scientific and PR decisions may seem bizarre at first, but they make so much sense when you understand what the Korean people have gone through in the past and how its shaped 21st century attitudes in Korea. Koreans struggled under oppressive colonizers, poverty, and the devastation of war for basically all of its history up until the turn of the century, when (thanks to an enormous amount of effort) they boomed in economic, technological, global pop-culture success. Korea is now basically “new money” rich - and like “new money” rich people, the country is desperate to prove its own merit. Both the intense patriotism and obsession with western culture among Koreans comes from a long, painful history. We’ve risen to the ranks of our oppressors for the first time, and are now desperate to prove that we’re one of the powerhouses that kicked us while we were down for so long.
Having watched this two parter already a couple of times it is really fascinating how rapidly and skillfully Hwang cultivated the exact persona that he wanted for himself. I honestly don’t know how someone can come from such humble origins and yet have in them such a natural ability to know just the right buttons to press in just the right people to catapult himself into fame and fortune.
Maybe that’s the real way he was able to rise the academic ranks and land himself in such a prestigious school…
Some people are just good at that sort of thing. He was clever and manipulative and he knew how his people ticked. By the time he had any degree of money and fame he likely had advisors that helped him with his image
@@APerson863 that’s true, it’s more just the fact that it manifested relatively late in his life which is bizarre. Typically quacks have a long history of quackery once they’re delved into deeply, but Hwang appears (from this telling of the story at least) to have had a clean record up until his fraud, just an ordinary rural veterinarian. Usually these guys are naturally good at lying their way into high places, but they usually at least also have a long history of doing so preceding the fraud that made them famous, Hwang woke up one day and decided to captivate Korea like a modern Rasputin.
ill tell you how. most likely abusive childhood. abusive parents can always hide it extremely well but you have to learn how to lie from a young age to lessen the abuse.
through my childhood i learned from my parents how to manipulate and lie through my teeth and about anything. however im not a pos like them so i never liked doing that and have stopped that after my childhood but im guessing he didnt and decided to go the other way with it
As a Korean person I absolutely LOVE the effort you've put into the Korean context of this time. My father speaks about his 'humble roots' all the time JUST like this, and he always talks of a time where Korea was in economic crisis... Coming off the low of Japanese dictatorship and trying to find a space in this competitive world. It fuels a lot of the patriotism Korean people have and these days he's very proud of Korea's presence in pop culture. Even I remember a time where being Korean was 'ok, whatever' and now people are fascinated when i say I'm Korean, or I see Korean food or imagery in random unexpected places.
I’m happy for you and your beautiful country. Hopefully the North will see the light one day
Maybe one day we all gonna see the light 👀ツ
==>
And we transform into North Korea
¯\_(👀)_/¯¯\_(ツ)_/¯
@@Hecarim420 I mean yeah, if we're all dead why can't we be north Korea.
Hope you and your family are doing well, friend!
@@Hecarim420go there and have fun
45:40 "and we dont want them creating HUMAN-ANIMAL HYBRIDS!" aw hell. junior just outlawed catgirls. moving to thailand to get the illegal off-brand catgirls.
this is LITERALLY 1984
"We've cloned baby, says cult" is such a fucking wild thing to have as a headline
My favorite part of these videos is seeing the scientific method at work and how robust it is at outing fraud. Fraud comes in, grifts for a couple decades or so, their research fails to be reproduceable, and it all comes tumbling down.
i can’t explain how happy i got when i saw this on me recommended, i absolutely love your videos, and i think i’ve watched most of your videos at least 5 times ❤
Same here. Probably my favorite content creator on youtube right now
Absolutely agreed! I've watched them all on my own, with my fiancé, and again with my parents. And I'll probably watch them all over again sometime sooner than later
Same here
Same! Whenever I need something to play while I draw I end up pulling one of these videos up
Truth
I love the emphasis on how famous Hwang was in Korea, and how much nationalist pride plays into stories like this. As much as science is seen as this progressive force beyond national borders, it's also true that countries do want the prestige that comes with scientific discoveries in their country.
Some scientific discoveries also just have very practical benefits that can completely shift national power balances (see WWII Germany and rocket science, or even more recently, covid vaccines)
@@jack90054 rocket science didn't end up shifting WW2 germany's balance of power though, V-2s were not an effective weapon. More forced laboreres died in the V-2 factories than died in the places V-2s were striking
Open borders for Israel
i also appreciate the discussion on how nationalism in colonized countries like korea or scotland & ireland is significantly different in origin and intent than say american white nationalism or japanese nationalism in imperial countries that seek to do the colonizing. the people trying to reclaim their culture and autonomy in ireland or korea or even black pride in ancestors of enslaved african people is definitely something different than white american manifest destiny and the KKK or imperial japan. yet even oppressed peoples nationalism can go to ugly places. sure The Troubles in Ireland or the Rodney King/LA riots in black america or fraudulent cloning in south korea are not nearly as ugly as genocide of native americans or the rape of nanking and human slavery. but it can still get pretty ugly i won't deny that. ethnic pride movements and nationalism of horribly colonized nearly eliminated peoples is definitely a matter i support but still forces us to question about what ends justify the means
you've got me on the edge of my seat with this!!! thank you so much for including subtitles on this, so few longform video creators include actual captions and it makes it incredibly difficult to watch them for so many people. i really appreciate it and i'm sure so many others do too
the visual storytelling on these videos is just insane and you always manage to give just the right amount of scientific, historical, etc. context, my new favorite channel keep doing what you’re doing omg
"where did you get the eggs" and a zoom into Park Eul Soon was so ominous. Got shivers.
Congratulations on going full-time! I was crossing my fingers the explosion of the fake element video would push you into it. You're definitely one of the best creators right now: slick animations, dope soundtrack, very understandable script. Awesome work dude!
so excited you're able to make this your full-time job! keep up the awesome work :)
bobbybroccoli is my favorite youtube documentary maker. i absolutely love the way it becomes a movie, a spectacle. the animations, the music, everything- it's splendid
No joke I think you're one the most valuable creators who's active right now.
up there with EmpLemon for one of the best documetary youtubers on the site
...what?
As a biology major and avid pokemon fan, i absolutely adore the stem cell-eevee comparison. Fantastic vid, as always 👍
yeah!! just very unfortunate that glaceon, umbreon and espeon dont use those stones to evolve
@@zepht glaceon (and leafeon) evolved through ice/leaf stones since gen 8, though they did get right that sylveon doesn't evolve through stones
@@Melecie correct, but that's a shiny stone in the image, not the ice stone
right? great metaphor.
(insert vaporeon copypasta here)
These videos are so brilliant. I adore your style of video essay, the huge themed collages that are meticulous and comprehensive, then you zoom out and see the chaos of it all. Its like if video essays were in the format of a Renaissance painting.
i just found this channel and i have to say this format of editing paired with a historical analysis is GENIUS
for one the esthetic is very nice to look at on top of being really easy to follow. as someone who has trouble reading because he has to constantly reread entire pages, having events show on top of each other is brilliant.
love love love it bout to binge every video cause im a no lifer
I have a whole entire biological sciences degree and you explained the differences in stem cell lines better in a few minutes than my professors could in entire semesters.. you do a brilliant job telling these stories and also explaining the science in such an accessible way, bravo
26:45 Except he called pluripotent the holy grail / embryonic stem cell when it’s not. Totipotent is
@@Ignoranouswell, yes, but really, pluripotent is as good as we can get realistically. As far as I'm aware, there's not even research studies out there on their clinical significance
Dude, your storytelling skills are unmatched among just about any other TH-camr I've seen. Seriously, the way you use visuals to convey these insane narratives is pure genius: when you brought up the question of "where did you get those eggs?" and the board zooms back to the lady who was briefly mentioned way earlier in the video, my jaw dropped.
Also you've officially converted another soul to Nebula because damn it I need to know where this story goes RIGHT NOW haha.
I'm so scared lol what did they DO to her!?!?!?
You should really look into Jon Bois who I believe is the progenitor of this kind of style of 3D infography. He covers mostly sports though.
@@Beevee Yeah there’s a couple of Jon Bois videos that aren’t about sports at all, but most of them are about the human stories around sports. That being said, he’s one of the all-time greats in taking dull data and making it into impossibly compelling, sincerely human stories. Who else would frame a documentary about the number of people named Bob in pro sports? And make it amazing??
@@missybarbour6885 Nebula subscriber here so I’ve seen part 2. Without spoiling anything, it genuinely gave me second-hand rage.
it was like the reveal of military funding by reagan in his SSC series. his cliffhangers, reveals, and ability to fit so much information into such a nuanced and interesting format is insanely captivating
I am a doctor and I am surprised by the quality of medical and scientific info you have presented in this documentary.
You deserve a lot more views and subscribers and success.
This just appeared in my recommended and you've got yourself a well earned subscriber. Nice work on the graphics really helps to keep track of all the pieces and see how they relate to each other.
I rewatch your videos during my study breaks (I'm a biology student) they're super engaging and I feel that the messages about the scientific community is extremely insightful. Your science communication skill is seriously incredible. Thank you!!!
I'm also a bio student and I know most of the stuff he's talking about. I'm like "whaaaa I have that in my textbooks"
@@Overeasyeggsoee You're bothered.... that I'm showing support to a creator that I like and respect? This isn't rotten tomato, this is a TH-cam comment section, kindly keep your intrusive thoughts to yourself. Especially considering, you know... you're not adding anything new to any discussions.
Same here, funnily enough my exam is about stem cells
The way you make complex science actually understandable, to the point where I can have a "NO WAY!!!" reaction to something I've never encountered or understood before, is amazing.
9:30 into the video "and that is where our story takes us" reminded me it wasn't a video on the history of cloning but on a man who faked cloning. I was deeply invested in this documentary on cloning that happened to just be an introduction.
for the people that want to dunk on W for thinking you'd have to grow a whole person to grow organs, yeah that was the idea at the time. back in 2001 we weren't really talking about growing individual organs like we are today
I don't necessarily like either of the Bush's either btw
You need to add Pt. 1 to the title!! I was not emotionally prepared for a cliffhanger. I'll have to finally use the Nebula subscription I forgot I had. Amazing work, and so stoked to find a science scandals channel which is honestly all I've ever wanted in my content.
Is he limiting it to Nebula or using Nebula for early-access?
@@ivoryphoenix7 Just early access! If I understood correctly, part 2 will be up in two weeks (though this genuinely might be what motivates me to get a Nebula subscription)
@@gardengoyle113 Thanks :)
true. I feel a little betrayed watching an hour long video only for it being part one.
I like in depth but I also like transparency
@@tidy5156 It says "part 1 of 2" in the description and almost all of his videos have parts. Idk why you're surprised
You are one of that rare breed of TH-camrs who can combine arresting visuals with a gift for storytelling and the ability to take complex, multifaceted subjects and "dumb it down" for people who lack the technical knowledge and expertise so that even they can understand it. And I say this counting myself as one of those people who need it dumbed down.
Awesome work. This website needs more people like you.
I've said it on part two of this video but I'll say it again, I had to come back and watch your video again because the way you tell this story is phenomenal. Great job Bobby!
Quality of your documentaries getting higher and higher, wow! You are the sole reason I got a Nebula subscription, I got too invested in the story!
Visuals are just top notch.
Part 1 is an hour long? Glad you're experimenting with short form content
lol short form.
I bet his TH-cam shorts would be 20 mins long
Only longtube will endure!
Hey I've made two 1 minute videos!
Well, “where did you get those eggs?” Out of context seems pretty innocent. In the context we have that is, in fact, a horrifying question. The next part is going to be insane!
It's a showcase of a masterful aspect of Bobby's storytelling. He set up way before that the eggs needed for the research aren't easily acquired, at least legally, and then continues on with the story so it sits in the back of our minds. And then at the end he drops the bombshell "where did you get those eggs?" which draws it back to the forefront and we're left with the horrible implications of that question.
@@dustrose8101 but why arent they easily aquired? I dont get it. you just find volunteers. its just eggs. plenty of women, me included, dont need eggs, dont want kids, and would definitely donate it if someone asked and facilitate all the procedures involving it. so it shouldnt be that hard to find eggs.
@@teaja211 It states in the video that you cannot be paid to donate eggs
@@FireAspectPL I didnt mean to donate eggs, I meant all medical expenses that comes in the process of donation to be paid. Like the extraction process etc. The donor would get nothing but would pay nothing.
@@teaja211 It requires surgery which can come with complications
I watched the second part first without realizing, your story telling is just so entracing. Keep up the amazing videos
this editing style is so perfect for my adhd it’s insane.. like it’s the perfect amount of movement, photos, and music to keep my attention….
As a nebula person who watched part 2 already, yall have no idea how wild part 2 is going to be
you were not lying lol
Me: *reads the Wikipedia article*
"I hold the power of time in my hands."
😊
I was an IVF and egg donor baby! I was born 1 year after Dolly and like to joke that she's a sister since we were both made in a lab. I see her in the permanent display at the National Museums of Scotland sometimes. I love her very much 🐑💕
This is so sweet ❤❤
That's so adorable ❤
This comment made me smile
awesome as usual man, and really cool to see you part of nebula, great to see your success you make such good shit
This video is absolute ART. I’m blown away by your visual effects and your incredible explanations, alongside the best storytelling ever.
This is probably the best way to advertise nebula…. I was so interested the entire time and now you leave me on this cliff hanger!!! Amazing job as always
You won me over, I bought a myself a yeat
What did Helen do lol?
Can you make translated subtitles for your videos? I'd love to watch them with my dad, but he doesn't speak English, only Portuguese. I'd love to show him the man who faked an element. He's a lawyer, but love science videos in general.
Can't the community add subtitles?
@@standowner6979 ✨ not anymore ✨
TH-cam sadly removed this option long ago, now the uploader has to be the one who submits subtitles
@@scusachannel1682 Dang!
Honestly, the only thing you could do is basically donate money to Bobby, so he could hire some to make subtitles. A lot of bigger creators have a team of translators for that
One option is that you can have TH-cam auto-translate the english subtitles to Portuguese. It won't be perfect, but it at least helps.
Re-allowing community subtitles would be so nice for matters like this.
I've got to say, with this video and your others, I regularly try to use them as stuff to listen to while doing other stuff and I end up just tabbing back in because the visuals are really compelling and well done. Honestly some of the best visuals I've seen, not even only with a qualifier like 'on youtube' or anything, just in general.
this is such a well made video, well done! definitely gonna watch your other content
Man, there’s something extremely special in the way you make these videos. The overall presentation of all the information that will be discussed in the entire video, revealed with music and in an extremely visually pleasing way, it gives me shivers.
You should look into Jon Bois' work here on TH-cam. This entire style, as far as I know, originated with him
My autism makes it hard to watch long video essays because I forget and lose focus really easily. This format you've used with this and the fake element video have really helped me. Love the content and it's presented in a way that I can understand it, thanks man! Keep it up!
AuDHD and same lol. I watch video essays, but it takes a special one to be able to contain my full attention
@@unflexian Its always about the moving map maan😩😩
Dude's got style and it's captivating
Y'all get it
@@unflexian kinda yeah! Because eveything is completely layed out on the screen, I can hear something he says and look back and see a visual queue as to what he's referencing so I can remember it easier! Often if there's a video essay I want to watch that's longer than maybe 15 mins, I take cliff notes so I can look and see oh okay that's what he means when he reference this. Hope this helps!
Fantastic work, and I am really looking forward to seeing where you go from here!
Dude this video is super well done. The editing style and writing and research. Thanks bro
I love the way you talk about about people, especially how you talk about non western countries and how thing were seen and felt at the time by the people that live there. You include their religious and cultural and societal views and always take so much care to show things in the most accurate and kindhearted way, especially when discussing politically and spiritually difficult or controversial topics. You simplify such interesting scientific issues without dumbing them down or reducing their impact. I always feel so hopeful for the future after watching your videos, and I feel so disappointed by every failure, and even great empathy for people I otherwise would have dismissed for power greedy fraudsters. I love your work so much and I hope you enjoy making it and never stop turning out these amazing phenomenal documentaries.
yeah, in a lot of media when people talk about research being carried out in Eastern countries they'll talk about it like some nefarious lawless land, a very different treatment to western European countries that carry out experimental scientific research (especially in human medicine)
I have to say I really love your style of videos. I'm very impressed how you can explain only the bare minimum needed to understand a very complex topic, while not taking too long, and then snapping back to the actual story without losing the plot. That is no easy task...
so awesome to see time go by and be surprised when you post a banger of a video. absolutely adore the work!
still, by far, my favourite channel. Great content. Always. Thanks!
i’m not a very science oriented person, but this video is absolutely fascinating. i especially appreciate that it takes the time to explain a lot of the concepts so even someone like me without a good grasp on biology can understand. can’t wait to watch part 2
Absolutely crazy story and it only felt like just the beginning! Can't wait for part two to come out and shatter everything we learnt in part one
Love to hear you were able to go full time! You do great work!!
Incredible work as usual, I can't wait for part 2!
I've been sick for about a month now, rewatching your videos over and over. So incredibly hyped for another one.
Stay strong friend
get well soon!
I’m so sorry. I’ve had mono that lasted a month, so I empathize. I hope you make a full recovery soon!
Stay strong friend! You might like HBomberGuy or Summoning Salt, maybe scishow? There's some great cave diving horror story channels that are enthralling. Hope to help entertain during these trying times 🙏
@@marybean2231 oh, I love Hbomberguy. Especially his new video about the Roblox oof sound. What a trip
As a baby biologist, THANK YOU SO MUCH for dedramatising embryonic stem cells by explaining what they actually are. So much demonising political discourse around it was made by people who have no idea what a cell is and how it works. I can't imagine how dramatic it would've been like for the field of biology if total bans on stem cell research had happened, just because of people who think the goal of stem cell research is for people to eat babies to stay young forever like some kind of vampire.
I'm also glad you're making a doc about my field! I admire and enjoy your work a lot but sometimes when you get into the specific of some physics concepts, I get a bit lost. This time I'm in familiar territory.
Baby biologist 😭
@@jeffreyhogan3087 lmao I just got my bachelor's idk how else to say it
I'm sorry for being so ignorant, but don't embryonic stem cells involve harvesting from a human embryo?
@@naidoeshacks yes, embryonic stem cells come from human embryos. Typically these are at the blastocyst stage (4-5 days after fertilization, before implantation in the wall fo the uterus). I encourage you to look up what a blastocyst looks like. It's a hollow ball of about 200 cells, with a pile of cells in one spot on the inside of the cavity. All the cells at this stage are not differenciated, which means they are not specialised in any kind of function. Their function is basically "stay alive and multiply" at this point, and they can become any human cell type in the future, from skin to neuron to immune cell. They can also reproduce easily. To make stem cell lines, scientists will harvest these cells and make them proliferate infinitely in cell cultures. So you don't need to continuously take cells from embryos: you can just take from an existing cell culture. Stem cells are convenient for that reason because they can basically reproduce infinitely so we don't need to take cells from organisms to have enough cells in stock. So when people are talking about banning stem cell use, they are talking about banning the use of already existing cell cultures, that come from only a handful of embryos (1 stem cell line comes from only 1 embryo), that can reproduce infinitely, and do not require any additional embryo harvesting to be used. No embryos would be affected by this decision. Only research would suffer needlessly, because it would be denied already existing tools.
The problem is that there is so much fear mongering around stem cells, linked mostly to anti abortion talking points. Some people in the general public seem to believe that stem cell research is made by barbarically stealing cells from thousands of almost born babies (even if that was allowed that would be completely useless), even though the cells are actually taken from something less complex than a mosquito larvae, that has a size of 200 micrometers (0,2 mm), and doesn't even have any functions comparable to a mature organism (no blood vessels, no digestive system, no nervous system, no nothing). Fun fact btw: the first recognisable bodypart that appears on an embryo is the butthole. The embryo becomes basically a hollow ball with a butthole and a tube inside. At that blastocyst stage where the cells are taken, the butthole isn't even there yet. People are convinced stem cell research is "torturing babies" or whatever, when there is nothing capable of hurting in the first place. And there is no need for that many embryos since you can just take one sample and make it proliferate forever.
The goal of stem cell research is also not to allow rich people to stay young forever thanks to baby juice, unlike what some people seem to believe. Mostly, stem cells are used to study how a cell can specialise or un-specialise itself, and the clinical uses so far are basically to provide a damaged tissue with new cells that could replace the lost cells, because some cell types like auditory cells, retina cells, neurons etc can not be regenerated by the body because they are too specialised to reproduce.
I hope that was an interesting rant, thanks for being curious!
@@juliee593 So you do have to kill an embryo to get the initial culture started though, right?
For those who are against abortion, it doesn't matter if it's "less complex than a mosquito larvae" because as has been pointed out, it has the potential to develop in to a full clone.
The whole argument is about the potential for human life, not the complete presence of it at all stages.
So I don't see how this is reconcileable with anti-abortion views.
unfortunately i watched part 2 thinking it was a standalone video not knowing it had a first part. still worked
Not only is your information, and research great. Whoever is doing the editing, animations, and mixing in that synthwave. Mint.
Around 1:00:50 I was like "I know that music 👀 Oh man, who fucked up 👀👀" and DUDE the ending line actually gave me real, genuine chills. The followup is gonna be insane, jesus christ.
How the hell do you do all this? So much research, writing, editing, animation, graphic design, video editing, recording, and much more I probably can't even think of!
Even without the SPECTACULAR research and content, the video visual parts alone is fantasticly impressive! Do you have a team/help??? I can't even imagine someone doing this alone and being able to make more than a single video per year 😳
Adobe Plug-ins and a good work ethic is probably the answer
It's just me! Lots of time and Blender practice
@@BobbyBroccoli holy shit! You are an inspiration!!
@@BobbyBroccoli blender is awesome. I really liked the casino table on this one! Your visual aids are actually incredible.
@@BobbyBroccoli Oh so you upgraded from animating on Google Earth?
This is not only a fascinating topic, but the production value is incredible! I love the poker(?) table layout, it's so creative! Keep it up!
"Even the most noble of ends do not justify any means."
I hope you keep that in mind in a month, George.
I've already watched this video like 10,000 times (realistically 4) but it's amazing and I promise you it that this video has one of the most fucking jaw-dropping *holy-shit* ending cliff hangers out of the whole Broccoli-Documentary series.
fucking great, 10/10, kinda wish Nebula had comments so I could express this over there rather than waiting a few months
He’s on nebula?
Looks like I’m gonna get another subscription
@@jtgd Yeah the video premiered there a few weeks back
you watched a video that has been out for 10 minutes and is an hour long 4 times ( ignoring you posted this 8 minutes after the video was uploaded)
@@hmm8454 You replied to this comment without reading the other comment about it being posted on Nebula some time ago?
@@hmm8454 lots of TH-camrs either release it early for Patreon subscribers, or release it early on Nebula.
It would be weird some years ago, but it’s actually well common by this point by people who have a decent number of subscribers
Love the video. Can't wait for more. Also, thank you for crediting the musical artists. Love the outro song.
You’re a great story teller, and the depth of your research really stands out. Reminds me of a Malcom Gladwell essay. Looking forward to seeing how this channel grows!
As a molecular geneticist student, watching this amazing video on such an interesting scientific scandal was fantastic! Hope you can keep making these sorts of videos in the future :)
as a biomed student who loves your videos but doesn’t quite understand the physics i am thrilled this is your new topic !!! thanks for all the effort you put into these
Same
You did it! I've been thinking about subscribing to Nebula for a long time, but when I got to the end of this video, I HAD to watch part 2. TAKE MY MONEY.
I came across this video and your channel by chance, and this presentation has got to be among the best i’ve ever seen. The way you pan around a game board that slowly develops is so fascinating and fun. Love this, will definitely watch more!
Another knockout doc, I just finished it on Nebula (congratulations btw) and I'm amazed I had never heard about any of this before. Your ability to research these stories, especially this one, is remarkable. Thank you for this and I can't wait for the next one! Keep up the awesome work.
Mr. Broccoli really has such a unique style to his content and thats why he quickly became one of my fav creators. Its hard to capture my full attention for every second of a video especially when getting to hour length and longer but his video's graphics and his narrative style are so on point that i cant look away. I feel like in no time soon his channel is going to have a lot of imitators.
I love the ways these videos are made, I always feel so intrigued and informed by them, Great job bro 👍
Man, I’m so glad I found your channel. High quality content!