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Let Freedom Ring: a History of the Phrygian Cap
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 30 เม.ย. 2024
- A symbol of liberty in many countries, the phrygian cap originated in Persia, and was associated by the Greeks with the neighboring region of Phrygia in Anatolia. Originally representative of easterners in the ancient world, through various accidents of history it became a powerful symbol of liberty and republicanism, particulaly through its use in the French Revolution.
Version française: • Liberté, Liberté Chéri...
The cap I am wearing comes from etsy.com www.etsy.com/listing/13622147...
Title sequence designed by Alexandre Mahler
am.design@live.com
This video was done for entertainment and educational purposes. No copyright infringement of any sort was intended.
Armorer: "What style of headgear would you like?"
Warrior: "I'll take the smurf helmet."
Good choice, fighty smurf!
finally the smurf hat
i was awaiting this episode since i discover this channel
next up, Mainzelmänchen caps
They are the same
So much history and symbolism behind such simple headwear.
The liberty cap is prominent on the flag for the U. S. Army
Multiple times, since the seal has the flag in it.
You sould get rid of it to me it represents serfdom not liberty. A true hat of liberty is the Stetson or more commonly known as the ten gallon hat. Now the Stetson is the hat of freedom.
Not according to the natives..😮
great video. I only knew this from the Smurfs and am amazed at the depth of history behind it
Same here.
@@tjtweedy3189 Same-I grew up watching the Smurfs.
I always wear my red cashmere cap as a Phrygian cap. I tried to explain. Thanks for covering this. Tre bien mercy
As usual brilliantly presented and endlessly fascinating
I am in awe of your research in producing such an informative history of this headwear.
The short lived Spanish Republic, display a woman with a phrygian cap as a republican allegory too.
ay carmela...ay carmela!
una noche el rio paso ay carmela ay carmela!
Ok explain..
"What's a revolution?"
"It's a circular path that always ends where it begans."
That's false.
Yes. All the violence of the revolutionary years was actually theatre. Robespierre lived to be 100.
Not necessarily, it usually makes things much worse. France has yet to recover, let alone Russia.
From king to emperor, not much of an overall change.
I know something of the history of the Phrygian Cap and you presented a complex history very well. Gives me confidence that your other histories, which I know nothing about, are on point.
Similar hats were worn in Catalonia up until a few decades ago called the barretina.
Love from The Basque, Catalonia
Side note: The placard at 4:44 reads "Freedom and Equality" in German.
Brilliantly researched.
Just discovered your channel, you are delight and a source of fascinating information.
Also known as the ‘Smurf’
6:54 this Cap not just protects the Head, but also the Neck.
another great video.
The personification of the Brazilian republic that you've mentioned is currently present on the Brazilian bank notes wearing a phrygian cap and laurel wreath
It also appears in the flag of the former Rio Grande do Sul republic flag, now the state of Rio Grande do Sul.
A TH-cam channel about hats. Amazing!
I was really waiting for the Smurfs…realising where their cap came from. Love the comics!
I do enjoy your videos. I didn't know I cared about this stuff until I found your content.
re: Phrygian cap on coinage, it's also on the seated Liberty silver coinage of the US in the 1800s
It's also found on US cents and half cents of the 1790s, with it being carried atop a pole shouldered by Liberty.
It was also used in the Lower Canada Rebellion aka The Unrest by the patriotes
Love this channel!
Another entertaining and well researched video.
Excellent presentation!
I really like the Phryges, mascot of the Paris Olympics. Seeing them in various sports is much cuter than the horrible sport pictogrammes that will be used
check out Hodori the tiger from 1988 Seoul Olympics
When I saw the one with flaps, it immediately reminded me of an image from my copy of the Wizard of Oz, the original edition. It was called the golden cap, and it gave anyone who possessed the magical ability to command the winged monkeys to do anything you asked them but only three times, like a magic lamp, clearly a Phrygian cap
Very interesting as usual !
(as Belgian I thought of Papa Smurf directly ! 😁)
as always interesting and well presented
Il commence par la version anglophone pour ce couvre chef, Révolte !🗽
"C'est une révolte?"
"Non, Sire, une révolution."
Ce n'est une révolution que si vous gagnez.
@@Valkanna.Nublet😂
@@hathistorianjc😅
Another very good video, well done!
I hadnt seen the phryges yet. Truly alarming.
The Cheech Wizard, probably the most popular character of celebrated underground comic artist, the late Vaughan Bodé, wore a trademark yellow, star~emblazoned Phrygian Cap that came right down to his crotch. Like that other comic character, Judge Dredd, the Cheech Wizard never removed his headgear so that for readers and fellow characters alike, his features would forever remain in the realm of the mysterious×; indeed, in the case of the Wizard, enquiring too deeply on the subject could have painful ramifications!
Vaughan Bodé was beloved by graffiti artists, especially the first wave from the '70's & '80's who would often paint his characters on New York City's subway trains (most notably). Even today, he enjoys almost patron saint status among graffiti artists and his characters are still widely referenced and recognized in grafitti art.
As is often the way with these things, plagiarizing especially wilful plagiarism can be difficult to prove. However, comparing Cheech Wizard to the Olympic mascots, Les Phrygés, it is hard to avoid the suspicion that there hasn't been at least an element of plagiarism by the graphic design team responsible for the latter's creation!
×With one sole exception (according to Wikipedia) in Cheech Wizard's case.
Very interesting, as always.
Great Video as always. Also Don't forget Portugal, one of the first republics in Europe after France, it was even kept in The ditactorship era, the era of the repressed "second republic".
Great research again! I learned about the history of this cap long ago in fashion history class when I studied at a fashion academy in the 1990’s. But didn’t go so deep in to the subject. Well done 👍🏼
By strange coincidence, I recently finished Christopher Beckwith’s “The Scythian Empire: Central Eurasia, and the birth of the classical age from Persia to China”. The hat came to Persia as part of Scythian physical culture, and was known as the “bashlyq”. In depictions of the Scythians, it seems to always have the ear flaps. One function was to prevent one’s hair from billowing around and getting tangled when on horse, including preventing the hair from getting tangled in one’s bow. Fascinating that it has a straight through line as a practical cap all the way to the French Revolution and further.
Don’t forget the awesome musical scale the Phrygian’s gave us too.
Thank you for this video.
Wow!!! Impressive, something I have wondered about. I knew pieces of the history but did not know the connections. A veritable tour de force!!!
Very interesting episode.
Very interesting, as always. 😊
quite interesting
Thanks I have always wanted to know this.
Bravo!
J'ai hâte d'entendre vos idées sur la tuque... c'est plutôt difficile comme sujet.
During my brief pursuit of coin collecting I became aware of the Phrygian Cap. Thanks for the full coverage of the history.
I often tried to shape my knit hat to look like one, when I wore it during the cold months. I thought about finding a proper model, but at the time all I saw were costume hats not meant for actual warmth.
The one I wear here is of pretty good quality. I link where I got it in the video description.
@@hathistorianjc Thanks!
Smurfs hat?! 🤣🤣
🤣😅
I had no idea Smurfs were Belgian tbh but it makes sense now
Viva la Smurf révolution!
@@BryanLikesCandy yes! 👍🤣😅
I find it interesting that I had no time in school have I ever learned about the symbolism of the cap no it’s used in the revolution
Спасибо, познавательная история 👍
Thank you, educational story
The Phrygian cap was also used by militia men during the American war of independence as a hat while wearing their hunting uniform (Davy Crockett-style uniforms)
Reminds me of the fool's coxcomb in King Lear shortly after he divides up his realm and abdicates his powers. The fools first words to Lear: Sir, you were best take my coxcomb... .
Act 1 scene 4.
While the concept of Marianne might indeed go all the way back to the French Revolution of the 1790's, the depiction of Marianne as seen in the painting that you showed a portion of (with a bit of clever editing to appease the algorithms) was actually painted in response to the uprisings of 1848. Don't worry, even I thought that painting was from the French Revolution.
These are so unlike the red caps currently worn in the United States that represent fear, hatred, and cruelty.
The decadent, out of touch, delusional nobility probably said something to this effect about the Sans Cullotes from their gilded chambers in Versailles.
Interestingly the German student cap known as "Stürmer" is also in part derived from the Phrygian cap. While the "Kepi" ancestry is pretty obvious the Stürmer has a profile more reminiscent of the Phrygian hat. Due to its higher cost, especially when made of white silk, they were traditionally worn by some of the more prestigious fraternities. Instead of being associated with revolutionary groups like in other parts of the world, they instead became a symbol of conservatism. Which is why the German Kaiser Wilhelm II can be seen wearing one.
Awesome video! Any thoughts on doing a video on (German) student caps?
Great video as usual! 😊 Somebody else also mentioned this, but i was wondering about the similarities with the Barretina in Catalan culture. Its a red floppy hat but typically has a black headband. Surely it must come from the Phrygian cap?
Thank you, sir, for your wonderfully informative videos on such a niche, but surprisingly fascinating topic. Might I ask what that song you were singing at the beginning is called so I can look it up and learn it?
Merci!
And it's "A la volonté du peuple", the original version of "Do you hear the people sing?" from Les Mis.
@@hathistorianjc Thanks.
I was about to comment about you missing the Smurfs, but you managed to squeeze a mention in at the end. I think most modern US people will see the hat and call it a Smurf hat. And if you are familiar with the Smurfs, they are freed slaves from Gargamel...
Let's dash in the special sauce in this mix for beginners. A cockade is a knot of ribbons, or other circular- or oval-shaped symbol of distinctive colours which is usually worn on a hat or cap. The word cockade derives from the French cocarde, from Old French coquarde, feminine of coquard, from coc, of imitative origin. The earliest documented use was in 1709. Think what you will but I like the etymology of such bold words. Wordcock is a good handle, hmmmm.
Very interesting history! Who would've imagined that the symbolism of the Phrygian cap comes from a cap being mistaken for another cap?
Brazil, my country, has really interesting hats. One that I really find curious is the 'cangaceiro' hat, a leather hat with a wide brim folded in half, and often adorned with stars, fleur-de-lys, crosses and other protection symbols.
How about a video on the magician’s hat 🎩. Chapeau Magie.
Interestingly a hat on a pole is mentioned in "William Tell", yet here it is used to opress the people (the hat symbolizes its wearer - the ruler, everybody has to greaat the hat as if it was the ruler himself).
Similarly, the Ottoman sultans used to send their fancy turbans out on poles to represent them to the crowds. Hats are often symbols of whoever wears them, whether it’s the goddess of liberty or a human tyrant, to the point that they can be held aloft independent of the wearer.
Woooooo!!! Freedom cap!!!!!
Do you know of any link to sailors or sea farers?
I know Of multiple 16th and 17th century Dutch images of seafarers with these hats, for instance the images of the wintering on Nova-Zembla.
I think theirs were more like regular knit caps that, when loosely worn, can sort of resemble these.
I saw another hat guy on youtube. Waiting for the hatmeister showdown.
I didn't know Papa Smurf support the revolution🔥
Wonderful video, where did you get this hat?😃
I put a link in the description
@@hathistorianjc thanks 😉
Etes vous du missouri?
Loved it. We move into symbolic Headwear.
Cool shirt my friend
Merci! From the Rendez-Vous at Fort de Chartres, Illinois, !
I'm yeah interesting now in these caps that they're coming out with all the time I'm wondering if the mushroom cap has any historical significance or is just a evolution of the baseball cap.
Yay! My favorite daily wear cap ^_^
Happy May Day comrade!Excellent channel. Thank you for mentioning my home state of NJ’s flag. I really like our state seal. 🍻
Where can I buy one like yours?
There's a link in the description
Did you make your own Phrygian cap? Do you have a pattern that could help me make my own?
I didn't, there's a link to where I got it in the description.
💚!
Why not make an episode of the Voyageur torque knitted hat?
Kabalak next, please. It is such a unique head covering and I would love to know how it was chosen and why it was dropped!! Ottoman ww1 hat!!
I need to find a good replica. If you have any suggestions on where to find one let me know.
Pile à temps pour les JO!
for years I've been confused when I saw this hat anywhere outside the ancient era context. I might be the only one who knows it as a thracian hat, or a common hat in antiquity. Being a Romanian I still see this hat when people do reinactment as dacian warriors, and i knew it was used in other places but when I saw it on latin American flags I was like "why are they using our hat if they dont wear it"
so now I learn that is a republican symbol. Makes me wonder why doesn't the Romanian eagle wear one, instead of that crown they added to it in 2016. I like it as it was before, whith nothing on its head, but if it has to, a phrygian cap would be better, representing republican values (don't even know why it has a crown now if we have no king) and a golden eagle representing Rome wearing a phrygian hat, worn by the Dacians is a cool allegory to Romania, since we are the result of the Roman conquest of Dacia and both people are part of our identity. Very weird that it's western countries the ones who identify harder whith it, despite being a mistake. They didnt even bother to correct it, it's a permanent thing now it seems.
what a weird story about people mistaking a hat
I read that the shape of the hat comes from the ballsack of a bull/steer. When a bull was turned into an ox, gelding, the ballsack was tanned and turned into a hat by the phrygians.
This is the hat I wish to wear, but I don’t want to look like a Smurf
So what you’re saying is red caps have always been a political statement? Or at least since the 19th century.
I guess it could be argued since the 17th century, yeah... the more things change... :p
Will we get to see a history of the balmoral?
I need to acquire one first
@@hathistorianjc I’d be happy to donate one with a hackle and a glengarry, as soon as I could get them in.
So glad you're back, dear. Planning on doing anything on clerical toppers? Keep up the marvelous work!
Clerical toppers? Which ones were you thinking of?
@@hathistorianjc, various types of hats worn by the clergy to denote positions, denominations, etcetera. There's rather a wide world of information out there on this.
Ahh, yes, I'm hoping to do some of those in the future.
@@hathistorianjc, looking forward to it!
like the mitre
Toque quande? QUANDE? Love from Canada!
These evolved into the French-Canadian touque
The Phryges the mascots of the Paris Olympics are phrygian caps
1:37
Fun fact: "barbarian" just means "non-Greek people". Which I find a bit comedic.
I think "Bar bar" to the Greeks was like "Blah blah", so they were the people who spoke gibberish :p
I dont know if anyones said this, but you sound like the narrator who announced Silly Songs with Larry
They used to sell little rubber Smurfs when I was a kid. Wonderful little mushroom men from the forest.
Do the bucket hat!
I have read that Athenian hoplites used the hat as a liner under their helmet, and I think one can readily draw a lineage down to Prussian military headgear, though obviously that was never all that much of an image of freedom. Glad you caught the bit about Jefferson Davis and the statue of Columbia on the Capital dome. In the US, it is fairly common to find that had in public sculptures above the Mason Dixon line, but near impossible to find it below that line. Athenian history was very important in the free states, whereas Spartan history and culture were very much admired, and tragically imitated in full, in the former slave states.
a note on the color: Red is probably most common because of the cheapest dyes commonly available in the day, It is also a good strong color, though due to it's source it can naturally tend towards the brown. it is to be noted that the uniforms of the British New Model Army of Cromwell's day chose the same red dye due to its low cost. I would add too that the Prussian enthusiasm for yellow ochre dye probably has much the same motivation as it is a very similar material that is quite cheap and available. Blue uniforms came later and at greater cost.
And as I am sure you know, the damn cockades cost more than the hat.
I believe "The Seven Dwarves" predated the Smurfs!
Liberty cap!
Please slow down and relax with ease of audience awareness in a friendly approach and not so bluntly pedantic. Great material and appreciate your video to immediately subscribe and like. Just a friendly note to consider. Just love it all though even though I am a slow kind of thinker. Explaining the shape was limited though. Hint, It is shaped like a triangle.
Oh the smurf hat
Sharp
"The French Revulsion well and truly turned the Phrygian Cap into a potent symbol of oppression and murderous intolerance"
There, fixed it for you !!