Civil War That Almost Destroyed the Ottomans - Animated Medieval History
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 26 พ.ค. 2024
- Kings and Generals began remaking its animated historical documentary on the history of the Ottoman empire with the early rise of the Ottoman beylik under Osman I. In the first video we covered the early origins of the beylik, its status among the Muslim states in Anatolia and its early clashes against the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire at Bapheus and Dimbos in 1302 ( • Rise of the Ottoman Em... ). The second episode showed how a tiny beylik became a regional power with the continued battles against the Byzantine empire and other states, including the siege of Prusa (Bursa) between 1317 and 1326 and the battle of Pelekanon of 1329 ( • How the Ottomans Took ... ). As the Ottoman entered the Balkans, they had to face the Serbian Empire and the Second Bulgarian Empire, leading to the battles like Maritsa in 1371 ( • Maritsa 1371 - End of ... ). The Ottomans continued expanding both in Europe and Asia, leading to the conflicts with many states, including the Karamanids, culminating at the battle of Frenkyazisi in 1387 ( • Ottoman Expansion in A... ). As the Ottomans managed to defeat their enemies in Anatolia, they now had time to fight against the burgeoning Balkan alliance that formed against them with Lazar Hrebeljanovic of the Moravian Serbia at its head. His confrontation with the sultan Murad I would led to the battle of Kosovo in 1389 ( • Battle of Kosovo 1389 ... ). In the aftermath of Kosovo, Bayezid I takes the power and continues campaigns both in Anatolia and the Balkans. The events in Anatolia culminate at the battle of Kirdilim of 1391, where the Sultan defeats his Turkic opponents led by Kadi Burhaneddin. The Ottomans became the sultans of Rum getting the title of the Seljuks ( • How the Ottomans Becam... ). Afterwards the Sultan continued campaigning in Europe, leading to the major Ottoman defeat at Rovine in 1395 against the Voivode of Wallachia, Mircea the Elder ( • First Major Ottoman De... ). Despite that, the Ottoman advance in Europe continued and to counter it, the king of Hungary Sigismund called a crusade joined by many nobles and retinues from the Balkans, France and beyond. This led to the so called Crusade of Nicopolis - the last major crusade and the battle of Nicopolis in 1396 ( • How the Ottomans Defea... ). In the aftermath, Bayezid had a free rein and he blockaded Constantinople. The Roman emperor Manuel II Palaiologos decided to travel to Europe to get help, but got no help in the West ( • Roman Emperor Gets No ... ). But with the Ottoman expansion in the east Anatolia, Bayezid was on a collision course with another conqueror - Timur, which led to the battle of Ankara in 1402 ( • Battle of Ankara 1402 ... ). In the aftermath, the civil war of interregnum between the sons of Bayezid almost destroyed the Ottomans.
🎥 Join our TH-cam members and patrons to unlock exclusive content! Our community is currently enjoying deep dives into the First Punic War, Pacific War, history of Prussia, Italian Unification Wars, Russo-Japanese War, Albigensian Crusade, and Xenophon’s Anabasis. Become a part of this exclusive circle: / @kingsandgenerals or patron: / kingsandgenerals and Paypal www.paypal.com/paypalme/kings... as well!
Battle of Manzikert 1071 - • First Crusade: Battle ...
Creation of the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum - • First Crusade: Partiti...
Battle of Nicaea 1097 - • Princes' Crusade Begin...
Battle of Dorylaeum 1097 - • Battle of Dorylaeum 10...
Siege of Antioch 1097-98 - • Siege of Antioch 1097-...
Sack of Constantinople 1204 - • Sack of Constantinople...
What Was Lost in the Sack of Constantinople - • What Was Lost in the S...
Third Crusade 1189-1192: From Hattin to Jaffa - • Third Crusade 1189-119...
Medieval Battles - • Early Muslim Expansion...
The video was made by Ilhan Altunkaya, while the script was researched and written by Ege Güneş ( / ottomanhistoryhub . This video was narrated by Officially Devin ( / @offydgg & th-cam.com/channels/79s.html.... The art was created by Nargiz Isaeva. Machinimas by MalayArcher on Total War: Attila engine.
Production Music courtesy of Epidemic Sound: www.epidemicsound.com
#Documentary #Ottomans #timur
0:00 Introduction
2:02 The Aftermath of Sultan Bayezid I's Defeat
2:47 Suleyman Çelebi's Ascent and Actions
3:35 Suleyman's Diplomacy and Treaty of Gallipoli
4:59 Devastation in Anatolia and Ottoman Fragmentation
5:47 Isa Çelebi and Mehmed Çelebi's Rivalry
7:03 Mehmed Çelebi's Rise to Power
8:35 Musa Çelebi's Involvement and the Civil War Escalates
10:00 Isa Çelebi's Continued Struggle and Downfall
12:13 Suleyman Çelebi's Campaign Against Mehmed
14:39 Developments in the Balkans
17:10 Serbian and Wallachian Moves During the Civil War
18:45 Musa Çelebi's Rise and Conflict with Suleyman
20:07 Suleyman's Retreat and Mehmed's Resurgence
21:10 Suleyman's Downfall and Mehmed's Final Campaign
22:53 The Conclusion of the Ottoman Interregnum
🎥 Join our TH-cam members and patrons to unlock exclusive content! Our community is currently enjoying deep dives into the First Punic War, Pacific War, history of Prussia, Italian Unification Wars, Russo-Japanese War, Albigensian Crusade, and Xenophon’s Anabasis. Become a part of this exclusive circle: th-cam.com/channels/MmaBzfCCwZ2KqaBJjkj0fw.htmljoin or patron: www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals and Paypal www.paypal.com/paypalme/kingsandgenerals as well!
turks are not arabs !
they dont use BiN in the name !
This is so crazy, but my family my ancestors hailed from Amasya and Bartın. It’s crazy to know that this was part of the history mainly because I stayed there for months during the summer of 95, which was shortly before I moved to the United States with my parents what took us back was unfortunately a death in the family it was very hard for me to reallyemotionally comprehend what was going on because I was really young and I didn’t know the person that had passed away but it was amazing being able to explore the places such a small town so beautiful it feels like it barely changes every hundred years and it’s amazing to know that this was part of the history of the town
"You know, Isa. I know that after your father died, you have walked from court to court, and from humilliating defeat into humilliating defeat. You have lost all the armies you have commanded. But... what the hell. I kind of like you. Have another army. Just don't break it like the other ones!"
I saw this comment while he was going to the court of Jandarids for soldiers lmao that guy was hopeless
The Karamanids "Wait, actually we don't want to give an army to the guy who just lost like four of them in a row."
This is the least mentioned Ottoman history part in Turkish schools. It's only "after 1402 there was 11 years of civil war and Mehmet çelebi gained power". Details of the civil war and remaining years of his reign is unknown for most of the Turks.
I really appreciate the effort and your work. Thanks for the video!
Why is it like that?
@@truja97 history in schools are clearly biased. We beat the whole Europe history is more popular, hence, struggles of the empire don't mentioned as much. Most of the defeats are mentioned as "because Austrians and Russians are allied and stuff then we lost, otherwise we were cool" . Education only accepts real Ottoman decline in 19th century since there is no decisive wins remaining :) I needed to read foreign sources to understand real position of the empire. In my knowledge, until the end of high-school, I believed that ottomans did not lose even any minor skirmish against the Europeans until 17th century. (obviously wrong in all sides)
+yes
I've been looking forward to another addition of the rise of the ottoman series for months! I honestly didn't know about this civil war. Glad it's getting mentioned though.
That's a shame because this is very interesting.
Your early Ottoman history videos are much appreciated! Especially for a Bulgarian from Thrace. An often ignored period in our history. 🙏
Bulgarian from thrace?
Check a map Seawolf.@@Seawolf887
@@GhjkoplokkpWestern Thrace is greek while northern Thrace is bulgarian.
@@Ghjkoplokkp western thrace is Greece.
@@Weberkooks ok
This is a real unicorn of a Kings and Generals video: it's about the Ottoman Civil War AND contains the phrase "died of natural causes." I never thought I'd see the day!
Fun fact: Ottoman princes are named after prophets.
Mehmed: Mohammad
İsa: Jesus
Musa: Moses
Süleyman: Solomon
Mustafa: Another name of Mohammad
Correct
Solomon wasn''t Prophet, HE WAS KING OF ISRAEL !!!
@@aleksandarvil5718 He was according to Islamic faith. And Ottomans were Muslim.
Muslims recognise 25 prophets, all of the above mentioned are the ones included
@@aleksandarvil5718hayır kuranda peygamber olarak anılır.
He is also known as "the second founderer of the Empire".
It's pretty impressive that except for a few civil wars like this the Ottomans had 10 really good Sultans in a row.
I can’t imagine, what was Emperor Manuel was going through during this turbulent time, constantly changing his allegiances from one prince to another and agreeing to all the new and different treaties.
It didn't look that complicated to me
@@dominicguye8058 Because your life, City, fate of thousand year realm etc. is not influenced by those events as you are watching video from home/work. Manuel had no such luxury.
Keyboard genius@@dominicguye8058
The sons of Bayezid are named after religious prophets.
Mehmed: Muhammad
Isa: Jesus
Musa: Moses
Suleyman: Solomon
Mustafa: Epithet of Muhammad
While he himself was named after a Sufi saint from Central Asia (Bayezid Bistami)
@@nenenindonubin yezitten gelmiyormu yani muaviye oğlu yezid demek ben öyle biliyorum. Osmanlıların emevi yanlısı olduğunu düşünüyorum
@@HOCATIMURTASPASAErken Osmanlı hep Bektaşi olm. Devleti Sünni yapan Yavuz Sultan Selim. Ayrıca Bayzeid sozcüğünün Yezid ile de alakası yoktur, Payazat'tan gelir.
@@HOCATIMURTASPASA No, Muslim dynasties affiliated with sufi mysticism from Turkestan somehow revere caliph Ali a lot and despise Umayyads, just look at what Timur did to Umayyad graves and sympathizers in Damascus
@@nenenindonuDostum Hz Ali'yi seviyorlar lakin bir okadar da Hz Osman'ın seviyorlar, Emeviler hz Osman'ın soyundan geliyorlar ve Osmanlılar emevilere saygı duyuyor kurucusunun ismi osman ve devletinde ismi osman olması bunun göstergesidir ve hz Alinin oğlu hz Hüseyin'in şehit edilmesinin emeviler ve yöneticilerle alakası yok osmanlı bunu çok iyi biliyor ve bu yüzden iki sultanın ve şehsadelerin ismi bin yezittir yani bayezit. Timurun Hz yezidin mezarıyla ilgili söylentiler nekadar doğru bilmiyorum ama bir fars şairinin mezarını yıktığını duymuştum.
Evrenos Bey, an Ottoman general who had served the dynasty since the foundation of the empire also escaped from prince Musa and joined forces with Mehmed I
He's had a very long life, does he? He's even still leads the army even though he's more than 100 years old #cmiiw
Bro gazi evrenos bey was a diff level veteran, he saw the empire from literally growing to disintegrating and then uniting again, he lived for 129 years ( 1288 - 1417 ). Truly deserved his title.
@@mohammadbilal4473bro my guy say every sultan, from Osman bey to orhan bey to sultan murad to bayezid to sultan mehmed
5 sultans in 100 years crazy.
He saw them turn from a couple lands to a beylik than a state then an empire then a beylik and then a sultanate again
What a fascinating time. And how quickly the Ottomans recovered (granted the spent their strength fighting among themselves) after Timur.
It's survival of the fittest with these dudes, as controversial as it was when they stopped doing it arguably the empire declined 🤔🤔😂
@@kalmon6745 Its kinda true but also alot of chaos and resources spent to find the most capable Sultan
This video is very well put together. As a Turk reading Turkish history for years, I’d like to thank you.
A civil war I did not know about in detail, wel summarized. A pity we don't get to see some details on the most important battles
I guess the sources are too limited
@@Kili2807 yeah that's usually the case with K&G when they don't go in depth
God, Ottoman history is just so interesting and fun to learn about. I love it!
Your videos on early Ottoman history are tremendously appreciated. In particular, for a Bulgarian native of Thrace. A historic era that is frequently disregarded.
This+2nd Crusade+Wars of the Diadochi, you guys are on fire with interesting history.
The foundations of the Ottoman state were already so strong by early 1400s that Bayazid's defeat at Ankara held them back only for 10 years before state got reunited.
Surprised with all of this going on in the Ottoman empire that the neighbouring kingdoms didn't have a go at destabilising them more.
They were reeling from the wounds of nicopolis
I will write my previous comment again here. It's interesting to observe that many commentators often seek to downplay the achievements, conquests, and innovations of the Ottomans. Yet, let's acknowledge that we are discussing an empire that engaged in wars, primarily driven by economic and political motives rather than religious ones. It successfully adapted to the demands of its time, establishing a robust framework for administration, trade, and the economy. The Ottoman Empire created a flourishing civilization with the influence of other rich civilizations where diverse nations coexisted harmoniously; although, one might observe a different scenario in its former geography marked by various problems nowadays. As someone proud of my Turkish heritage, I take immense pride in my ancestors who, despite their imperfections, played a pivotal role in shaping and sustaining the Ottoman Empire for an impressive six centuries. Thank you, K&G, we love you!
I find the Ottomans to have combined the best of the East and West in their empire better than that of the Arabs and Persians.
Day by day this channel's qulity of making videos is improving✅ and it's giving us most interesting doucmentries for free.
Thank you so much❤
Awesome video. Hopefully the next episode comes soon.
Amazing video as always!
You said it.
As always, love the Ottoman series. Keep up the great work K&G!
Note: After Ertuğrul's death, Osman's younger uncle, Haji Bektash Veli, became Bey, according to stories found in the book Vilayetname. Around that period, Osman and a few other fighters began planning raids on the Byzantine territories that bordered Söğüt, including Yarhisar, Bilecik, İnegöl, and İznik. Provoked as a result, the Byzantine Tekfur (governor) of Bursa complained about these ongoing attacks and sent envoys to the Seljuk Sultan Alâeddin Kayqubad III.
I cant wait for the next episode🥰, i hope you will release the videos about the ottoman history sooner in the future!
We need the next part ASAP...
AWESOME EPISODES🎉🎉
Really interesting! Thanks!
Thank you bro I've been waiting for a long time. ❤
2:49 - Your visual description of Albanian lords and their tribes is VERY ACCURATE. Amazing channel, congratulations.
Excellent video thanks
As usual .. marvelous videos😍
Finally a deep dive into this war by you!
Refering to the fratricide family tree, Murad's elder brother was Suleyman. In sources like von Hammer, Suleyman was the favorite one for the day to ascend to the throne would come. However, he was killed in a hunting accident and left Murad to fight his little brother Halil.
Being the elder one left might be a legitimacy winner for Europe in that age, it didn't work like that in the east, though. Fratricide as a practice entered the law during the reign of Mehmed II, being the grandson of the first. A couple of generations later, might-be-heirs grew up in the palace in Constatinople. Many of them never left the quarters or at least alive, anyhow.
Happy to contribute, keep it coming!
Hunting 'accidents' were very popular among medieval rulers. I still don't get how some Bulgarian tsars dared to go hunting with some brother or cousin who is interested in 'inheriting his job'. It was like this for tsar Gavrail Radomir (1014-1015) and the other one was tsar Mihail II Asen (1246-1256).
Dear K&G, if biased Ottoman historians say a sultan is a hard partyer, he was very probably a hard partyer.
When they say biased, they mean pro Mehmed and anti Suleyman sources
Yep
@@KingsandGeneralsplease cover more videos on india like mughal conquests, mughal relationship with Ottomans, British conquest of india and maratha conquests
Why do karamanids israeli flag
@@sidiahmedhowmy7925 It isnt Israeli flag. Karamanid flag had the star of David on it.
I've been waiting for this! I've been wondering about the ottoman civil war!
An interesting story I knew very little of, I look forward to the next video in the series.
Thanks!
Awesome video as usual
Great video keep it up you're doing amazing things 😁👍
Very informative 🎉
Thanks for the video
I was waiting impatiently for this
keep going bro, we love your content! especially ottoman empire
Would be phantastic if you could make a video about Phromo Kesaro and the Turk Shahis.
Or the Turkic army corps of the Abbasid dynasty is a very underrated piece of history, too. A detailed listing of the intrigues during that time would be a PIECE OF ART.
Very amazing video.
It is amazing none of the European lands of ottomans revolt after battle of Ankara. Only anatolian Türkmen beys revolted. This shows Ottoman empire's foundation in Europe is strong. But now we have little of it
great video!
Great video
thnks for video
I have been waiting for the follow-up video of the defeat of Sultan Bayazid I from Timur The Lame for a long time and finally it has appeared, waiting for the continuation
Thanks for Ottoman Empire videos❤❤❤
It is crazy that this is the one & only civil war for an empire of 600 years lifespan.
Bayezid II and Cem Sultan was also a great civil war.
@@kubat552 it was not that big.
It depends on your definition of a civil war but yeah, nothing of this magnitude ever happened again
What about Kavalalı, he nearly captured the throne after defeat the ottoman army 3 times. Like in this turmoil, ottoman sultan stop them by the help of external powers
@@osmanokumuser It was an uprising of a governor. He didn't have any right on the throne.
This was great.
extremely well made
Everyone knows about Mehmet the second, conqueror, but not that many about Mehmet first the person who recreated ottoman empire through difficult times
Thanks…. Keep updating us about the Ottomans
Fascinating video about a very turbulent period in history!
I’m looking forward to the episodes about the reigns of Murad II and Fatih Sultan Mehmed🥰
K&G uploaded a new Ottomans video today. Today was a good day.
excellent
Ottoman recovered while timurids lost in oblivion
Mehmed is considered the second founder of the Ottoman Empire because he ended the Ottoman civil war.
16:06 Fun fact: This is when the events of Kingdom Come: Deliverance and likely its sequel take place, in 1403 Bohemia during Sigismund's wars there
Nice
You know your state is special when it only has 1 civil war in its 600 years of history.
Special needs yeah
güzel ve başarılı bir video olmuş
Bro what took u so long we need more #OTTOMAN videos ❤
Mehmet reminds me of Aurelian
Hey Kings and Generals Crew! Are you ever going to do continue what happened to Ottoman Empire after the year 1600 when slow downfall of the Empire started? Seems to me you are redoing old videos about early history of the ottomans again. Also Komnenian restoration period would be awesome :)
Yes
Slow downfall was from 1700. K&G is a biased Europeon history channel. When europeons lose it was always "fought heroic", someone fleed or a natural disaster.
@@MrCommandert10 I'd say it started early 1600's but it's subjective matter. Some say after Suleiman died the decline started and some say after siege of Vienna 1684. Take your pick :)
This might be my fav K&G series, Ottomans were so cool
Will you be releasing the patreon only videos for everyone like you did with the Peloponnesian war series?
Not at this point
Nicely done
Awesome video! Love ya!
I want this series to continue all the way to the end
It's Beauty this video
Ottoman history is very interesting please continue this series
Is really weird to see a map of the Ottoman Empire without the Anatolian region.
Make you think about the size of that mess.
Chapeau!
Love king and generals videos on Islamic world ( from the Middle Ages and the ottomans), beautifully done 👍🏾
More of ottomon please❤
can you please do one on the goryeo-khitan war and on the famous general, Kang Gam Chan who’s on par with Yi Soon Shin as one of Korea’s generational one of a kind generals
I think that it's a miracle that Ottomans managed to reunite and not lose even more lands. Had Timurids managed to retain their influence in Anatolia or Hungary capitalized and chip away lands in the balkans, history would have gone through a different route.
There was no way the Timurids would be able to retain their influence in Anatolia as the empire is almost depend on Timur.
Imagine if the Nicopolis Crusade had happened *after* Ankara and not before.
the exact opposite would happen if Bayezid had managed to defeat Timur. History can't be written with "if"
For those who are confused; the term "Ulema" means scholar class
History. The greatest show on earth.
Amen to that
It would be great if you created an episode of the ottomans rival in the east, Safavids, and their great shah Abbas I
Thats why the fracticide rule plays a key role in these territories.
Before we comment on historical events we should consider the culture, the religion, the territory and most important the time (era) to understand the motive. Otherwise it is easy to criticize the historical events such fractricide or dewshirme system, that they were tyranic, despotic actions.
From the point of view of the 21th century of course such things are strange to us, killing a brother? Wtf. But as you can see also from the video, if the rulers dont kill their brothers, the folk, the people will slaughter their brothers in civil wars...
Even medieval Islamic law fracticide is a despicable crime. I don’t know how they use to go around this
@@adamsnow4979its ruled as "if its going to bring instability and lead to civil peoples death its correct to kill competition"
@@segwhkamaza6447 they used to kill their brothers old or young ambitious or not. It didn’t even matter what their opinions was only paranoia of power mattered. As for stability arguably the decline of the ottomans was because of one incident of fratricide
The competent son of suleiman the magnificent was unlucky and fell prey whereas the useless one became sultan after him
Still waiting for the next ep
Ottoman empire remake is back? Bring it on!
nice naration
Wow i never head about this before.
I'm not sure if I missed it... But what happened to Timur after he sees the Ottoman reawakening? And why didn't he support a side during the civil war.
Timur died in 1405
@@KingsandGenerals No heir?
@@ksagitarius yep, with their problems with civil wars in Iran and Central Asia
@@ksagitarius There was a succession crisis after Timur died which ran from 1405 through 1411, after which Timur's son Shah Rukh basically withdrew Timurid influence to the Euphrates. Anatolia is after all quite a long way from Samarkand and Herat. (Although you'll often hear that the Timurid Empire collapsed after Timur, Shah Rukh held everything between the Euphrates and India firmly until his long reign ended in 1447, and *that* is when the Timurids started to crumble).
@@ksagitarius it was nearly impossible for muslim rulers to die without an heir, since they had both multiple wives and concubines. They suffered from many successors rather than no successors.
Family. family is great...
One of the overlooked great Ottoman rulers, unlike the more popular Ottomans Mehmed I didn't even inherit the throne let alone taking over a stable state as Suleiman I did. He's basically an Ottoman equivalent of Atatürk
@@1purpose482 ikhwanist cope
@@nenenindonucmon comparing this badass to a jew like ataturk 🤷🏻♂️🤷🏻♂️🗑️
@@1purpose482 every muslim understand this except our Turks
Next one quick
Day 3 Do you have any plans to join armchar tv
Please make more often videos for ottomans
what a video...
Thank you!!👍🏽
Make a video on the mughal empire and Silesian wars