How Does a Diode Work? Intro to Semiconductors (p-n Junctions in the Hood) | Doc Physics
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 27 ก.ค. 2024
- We will see what a diode does, and then begin to understand why. We'll investigate the structure of silicon and other group (IV) elements. We will discuss doping and other methods of creating mobile charge carriers like electrons and holes. We will finally discover that when p-type silicon is next to n-type silicon, a region of "space charge" or "depletion" is formed. Unfortunately, that region prevents the flow of charge. In order to turn on the diode, we'll have to shrink that built-in electrical potential.
Oh, and the thugs are the guys who lift up the parking garage to make the cars flow. If you were wondering...
Your lectures are full power packed. You use all those frequencies of sound that a human being can make while teaching which indeed makes the lecture really interesting even while teaching a bit boring concepts like semiconductor physics. Awesome lectures sir- greetings from India.
If you think semiconductor physics is boring, maybe you are in the wrong field of study.
wow, ive never seen someone teach physics w such energy. I was so shocked that you weren't yet another boring physics professor that I didn't know how to react. Loved it, thanks!
if you were a lecturer i would never skip class!!!!
facts
You are the most qualified teacher I've ever seen India needs teachers like you...semiconductor is kinda borin but u made it so interesting I want to see this video again..
Respect from India!! Got my 1st year exams in a few days. This helps a lot thank you. :)
I am regular viewer of your videos Doc for last 4 years and when I saw this video dedicated to India.. It made me a lot happy... Thanks a lot 😊😊😊 🔥🔥🔥🙏🙏🙏
i am from Egypt and we have to study semi-conductors :)
thanks so much for those videos :)
The best thing I 've seen regarding tutorials. I had to watch it 2 times because the first times I couldn't concentrate from laughter. :D
Best part shooting electrons out of the lattice.
Thank for your gigantically satisfactory explanation and for dedicating this series to my country.
Your explanation of a P-N junction is simply as insightful as it is
excellent. Many thanks for having taken the time to do this video.
This video is too important to me .. Coz i have an electronics course this term ,, and the final exam after 2 weeks !!
I'll share it on twitter ,, thanx for the greatest teaching 👌
Thank you! Good luck on your exam!
thx man. Your diodes video contains the most details, which helps me through understand how electric field shows up in that certain direction.
Dude I’m only a minute into this and you’ve already accomplished getting me interested in this topic. Your Humour is Amazing! Thanks!
Great video! Absolutely fantastic
Dude, you have the potential to educate the world in a matter of a few minutes! People like you are perfect for this society. Keep up the good work👍
Thank you for comming and sharing with me !
Thank one million !
Thank you, your explanation are awesome
I enjoyed this video so much! Thanks for a nice lesson peppered with hilarious commentary haha
i liked the intro.
i am from india and have to study this stuff
thank you so much!! I'm from India and don't exactly know why..but it makes me feel good that we learn this in 12th standard i.e before undergrad! :D
What an awesome video! Thanks! "Electrizity, Yes!" (14:04)
Brilliant lesson! You're a great teacher/professor. Keep up the good work.
You are a fantastic teacher Sir.
Thank you for this i didn't understand this in my college but in your lecture its looks very easy to me...thanks again
An excellent explanation--thank you!
Perfectly explained. I now at last understand. Thanks!
I like how you make these monotonous subjects seem fun to learn. (Y)
You are an awsome teacher. Thank you very much for shareing.
This is an amazing video! I am working on a massive project and I am trying to relearn diodes. You make this very Interesting with your personality.
Awesome video and it really helps me a lot. Thanks!
Thank You!!!! My lecturer is so hard to understand, and this makes everything so clear!
dude you are the greatest teacher in the world
Brilliant thank you! I found this video to be incredibly helpful!
I totally loved this video !
Thank you for this video it is so original the way you explain things that made it easy to grab for somebody like me just trying to understand how all this staff works, this thing about holes and doping and electric fields was so hard for me to interpret now I understand much better - sorry for my English, I am from Mexico thank you again.
Igor, you're one lucky guy. Thanks for being my study mate under doc!
super explanation sir.....ultimate.....!
superb sir. I am amazed how easily you present complex ideas in such simple manner. I'm learning not only physics but also creativity from you. I'm a medical doctor & a Pediatric resident by profession but I really love to watch your videos. thanks a lot sir.
I have a query regarding this video. the electric field graph shown at p-n junction, shouldn't it be in equilibrium with another equal & opposite electric field within that combination? or else all holes present would have been filled with electrons. my question is why that field is not being represented in the graph. may be I'm not getting the idea correctly. please have a look at this query if possible. thank you again & all the best.
Awesome, u make it fun and good explanation
This video Is JUST PURE AMAZING.. I understood everything in such a short time
Thanks! I'm glad.
well done !! Perfect !
NOOOOICE, i like your teaching sir !!!
Awesome vid. Subscribed.
thank you for teaching me.
You're awesome, thanks!
Dude, you sound alot like Hyde from That '70s Show, and listening to Hyde teaching phisics is driveing me CRAZY!!!
Nice methodology, i love the series, cheers!
fantastic good explanation !
Amazing stuff :D
Thank you so much! This is the way physics should be taught, really!
You're the man, Igor!!!
You are very creative 🦋wow.......just wow 💖
Yes. I got it. A teacher has to use various frequencies and amplitutes to make the studebt listen. Good man.
Subsribed!!!! Best physics channel
That was awesome!
Best explanation..
Thanks for the video
You're amazing, bud
You're a legend!!!
your a genius. Thank you!
love the ammeter!
But sir, at 11:50 you say the above band is still the valence band, after raising the electron. All electrons are stable in a valence band. In order for electricity to flow, electrons have to be raised into the conduction band .
As the Arsenic achieves the OCTET structure in the Silicone lattice, it's very easy to give off that electron into the conduction band.
That level should be the conduction band.
Thanks for your awesome videos!
at 23:31 how can germanium be a donor impurity for N-type silicon when it only has 4 valance electrons? Wouldn't Ge only "disfigure" the nice crystalline structure if Si? Perhaps Ge would "stretch" out the Si's nice structure and maybe help the P-type using B impurity (3 valance electrons) holes move more efficiently, just a thought?? I only got a BS in Chemical Engineering.
But my main point is that As, P, or Nitrogen be a better options since they all have 5 valance electrons? These impurities can donate electrons. I Really love the Video by the way. You are an amazing teacher !!!!
We learn this and much more in school, even before freshman year. ;)
thank you very much!!!!
Good job again Doc! Would love to have you as a teacher in my university.
+Adel Taarabt Thanks! Just send the contract over, and I'll have my lawyers look at it.
Doc Schuster haha.. Will do!
You are awesome... brilliant. Love the way you explained and bring life to such a boring topic. That's remind me of Mr. Bean teaching to his teddy😁😁
You're the man!
No, YOU'RE the man!
Interesting. The amount of money generated by ideas such as these is mind-blowing.
Darth Nihiluz YEAH. Seems so simple, right? How about making graphene with Scotch tape?
Si-Si bonds in crystalline silicon aren't double bonds. They consist of two electrons (one electron from each silicon atom), which makes them a single bond. Double bonds (like the C=O bond in carbon dioxide) have four electrons; two from each atom. Your silicon atoms (8:30) are drawn with 8 bonds each, suggesting they are octavalent, which is of course impossible for silicon.
in depletion region, the direction of electrons is same as electric field? but u said opposite thing before
despite of this confusion, dude, i want to tell u, u r an awesome teacher!
love me some argon in my semiconductors lol
epic video
We study diodes in Pakistan too. Really helpful video!
Physics the same wherever u go
Danya Aziz Physics is same. Syllabus taught might be and is different.
+Giriraj Mundhra! Great question. I understand that you WILL get a momentary current, but once the potentials are equalized, the current stops. This is not my expertise, though. Feel free to correct me.
Alright. So if the potentials are equalized, doesn't this mean that the depletion layer is umm.. "depleted"? Just like it does at the breakdown voltage. Won't this break the diode?
One more thing. In this case, the p side is at a lower potential than the n side. So isn't this the same as a reverse bias connection?
Also when we plot the I vs V graph, the current at V = 0 is zero. So according to this no current should flow.
But then again there is a potential difference across the wire so a current should flow. Right?
I keep contradicting myself. I'm so confused.
Going beyond the breakdown voltage will not necessarily damage the diode - some are used routinely in that regime.
I would agree that it's similar to a reverse bias, but not as extreme. That's why no current will even if it is slightly forward biased.
See, that's the semiconductor, again. At a small forward bias, there's still a depleted region where there are no free charge carriers - so no current.
I have two or three more videos on diodes after this. Have you seen them?
+Doc Schuster zener diode works regularly beyond breakdown potential
thank you bro
Awesome
thank you!
U are awesome!!
There are two things that is disturbing to me here :
1. When electrons move to the left, the hole does not move the right as I think holes are absence of electron IN A BOND and not just absence in general. Still the charge build up argument holds up as same, but this diagram strictly speaking is not right :(
2. Please tell me that the potential graph is an over approximation. Even if I take the charge distribution in depletion region as that of a diode say or dielectric, " - +" when you move to the left of "- "this the potential should decrease(and not be constant) and same when you move right of "+". Also at exactly where +/- lies you should have infinite potential. So the graph would be kind of discontinuous and spiky.
I am really grateful for this video, it has finally given me a good understanding of diodes and now I feel that high to explore more of this subject. Thank you sir :)
if u could suggest anyone who teaches chemistry just like youuu??? would love to have a teacher like u in my univetsityyy...
Give this man an Oscar
Nice amperemeter! What's the burden voltage? and/or shunt resistor resistance?
According to that V vs displacement graph that you plotted, the p side is at a lower potential than the n side. So if I connected the p side and the n side with just a wire and no battery, will we get any current?
I luv this guy !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Thanks a lot
So does conduction due to holes occur in the valence band or the conduction band? surely holes can only be in the valance band right?
Very well done! And also amusing. Just a minor correction: the chemical symbol for Arsenic is As (8:08). You had it right later...
Rob J Thanks!
Sir, plz make a video on transistors
We study diodes in Frenshman year in Canada too!
I think you meant pentavalent rather than tetra at around 8:37? Fun video! Love the props!
Kenny Koller Indeed! Thanks for the help!
Hey doc I'm a big fan! Just one question - when photons hit electrons in p-n junctions, don't the electrons get knocked _out_ of the valance band and _into_ the conduction band? You said they get knocked out of the covalent band and into the valence band when you shot it with your gun at 11:44. Sorry if this sounds picky, I just want to be fluent when it comes to this stuff. Am I missing something?
bro , i love you
There is just one thing that I dont get. Is the free electrons that you dop in the silicon in the valenc band or in the conduct band at room temp?
You can also remember which end is which on diagrams. because the cathode end has a backwards K formed by the line and half of the arrow.
Shouldn't the covalent bonds between silicon atoms be single bonds, not double bonds? I always thought a single line represents two electrons; one from each atom. So each Si with 4 lines means the Si 'thinks' it has 8 electrons. But an Si with 8 lines would mean 16 electrons. Have I missed something?
each line represents one electron being shared
Respect 💪
#doc what is the difference between silicone and silicon??
does the space charge cover everything or limited ?
8:27 double covalent bonds?
only video that made sense
Hi! Thanks from India for this great video! Helped a lot! But I don't understand why you mentioned Germanium as a donor impurity. Germanium is in the same group as Silicon, and they both are tetravalent so it should not really act as a dopant. I understand Arsenic will be a donor impurity as it is pentavalent. Other pentavalent dopants could be Antimony and Bismuth.
hmm these all of the diode topic comes under which of your playlist sir doc ???
I didn't group them, but they are all among my most recent videos.