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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 22 พ.ค. 2024
- Dave explains how BJT and MOSFET transistors work at the silicon chip level.
How does a BJT transistor actually amplify current?
P and N type doping, charge carriers, conduction channel, field effect, holes and electrons, all the other good stuff.
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Literally the best lecture on semiconductors I've ever seen.
Afrotechmods Yeah, I like your channel too, Please make more vids :-).
Afrotechmods Thanks! I'm sure there are much better technical explanations out there though.
EEVblog Do you plan to do a video on IGBTs?
Justin Bell Perhaps, if I do another video on the differences between enhancement & depletion mode MOSFET's and JFET, then I guess I might as well include IGBT's.
Agreed. I need more information that, "here's this and here's how you use it." I want to know why it works. This is the perfect deep-dive.
I used to work at IBM making microprocessors. When you described the MOSFET gate operation, I was reminded of how much time our engineers spent perfecting the gate oxide layer. There were 40 PHD level engineers working full time on gate oxide quality. Good oxide equals faster speed. The more expensive fast CPU processor is identical to the cheaper CPU except for the quality of the gate oxide.
Now that you mentioned it, Jeff, just how are those things built? Did any of you make a video of what goes on in a plant where those things are made?
@@charlesclements4350 there are a few vid out there. the most interesting is those using a high magnification microscope to look at processor circuitry.
Wow ! Thanks, tbled52, I'll keep my eyes open for them.
Respect
@@charlesclements4350 It's an awesome process. I worked at a company called Atmel that made alot of ASIC parts then mostly EEPROMS and 8bit MCU's along with a host of other stuff.
I was the lead operator for the strip process cleaning the silicon in preparation for the next step. The inspection post cleaning was to me the most amazing. Watching the layers build up. Did quite a bit of inspect during the metal layers as well .... DId get to use a Scanning Electron Microscope ( when I became an Eng. Tech ) that was the best.
Also got, at various times, to get cross section views when trying to determine what / where contamination was located.
The clearest explanation of how transistors work I have ever seen. Thanks Dave!
dogastus Thanks, glad it was understandable for you.
Agreed, and I did 2 years of micro-electronics specialization, and spent countless hours making diodes and transistors and logic gate in the lab
dogastus Entirely agreed. This is fantastic.
good job
I learned more in this 23 minute video than I did during an entire semester of my semiconductors course in college. Well done!
Thanks for taking the time to make this video. I have learned something new today and you're responsible for that.
Nice!! These are my favorite videos of yours. You did one similar with op amps.
I absolutely love these. They are the reason I subscribe.
Thanks so much!
Frankly, there is no better lecture on the interent, almost none goes this deep to explain how the elctrons and holes work, after searching for a week to understand it and reading books this one is the best.
+EEVBlog, that's the best explanation ever, textbook authors should learn how to do this from this one! Massive thumbs-up! Thx!
I love how you specifically distinguish conventional current and electron flow. Fabulous!
I've just started studying electrical engineering and I don't get the textbook and I never understand anything on the lectures, so each time i have a test or a laboration I just look at your videos and suddenly I'm the *smartest* one in the room, despite knowing nothing and feeling devastated just hours before. You've literally saved me from failing and even helped me get better grades than I thought was possible. You are the best teacher and I wish the best for you.
Have you finished your degree?
Fantastic video, with probably the clearest explanation I have seen so far on this topic. It is something that is actually difficult to teach and you did great!
definitely interested in more vids about how semiconductor devices work! I've been having a little trouble fully grasping how they work, but your detailed descriptions with visual aids definitely clarify things nicely.
That is a very clear explaination. And the time you needed is not much at all. Had the same stuff at school decades ago but it took the teacher 1.5 full hours to explain. Well done.
This video should be required viewing in all basic electronic courses. Very well done, Dave.
Easily the clearest explanation of transistors I've seen. Thanks!
Best lesson on semi-conductors I've experienced online or in class. Thanks EEVlog!
Yeah! It seems like they want you to know all of the math, instead of practical theory, and applications.
Awesome dive into into the physical world of transistors!
just by you lightly mentioning the ACTUAL flow of electrons, you have started a great avalanche of debate about this issue. Good stuff.
I've always wanted to know the difference between BJT and Mosfets and this video explains that and even more!
Thanks Dave and Keep the great videos coming!
A decent addition to the world's collection of videos explaining how transistors work.
Maybe it's just me, but I think the FET is a little easier to understand how it works.
Thank you so much! This was very informative and detailed. I loved the Moore’s law explanation at the end.
Very well simplified and explained the solid-state-physics things less than 24 min.
Well done!
I would LOVE to see a nice video about how to drive MOSFETS and BJT, including high currents, and inductive loads with "soft off" AWESOME video!!! Learned a lot! Thanks!
Great videos! Appreciate the level and detail you give when explaining.
Never commented on your videos before but I've been watching this channel for over a year so I thought I'd write one now:
EEVblog is full of great insights into electrical engineering, and Fundamentals Friday is my favourite segment. From and inspired by it I have learned a lot of electronics basics. I wish my teachers would've been as inspiring as you are. Maybe I would have gotten into electronics earlier. Electronics for me have turned from a hobby into a job and I'm loving every moment of it. Keep making these videos. You rock!
Sincerely,
Panu
This is an excellent presentation Dave, well done.
Really good explanation. I love this channel! A lot of useful stuff. Thank you ,sir !
Many thanks for another trip back to basic EE stuff. Actually, a bit of physics as well.
Excellent.
Thank you so much for this, Dave!
I have struggled to understand how transistors really work for years, and you completely cleared it up for me!
Hamstah Glad to hear!, thanks.
awesome video! i'm about a month into my circuits 1 course at university and this video is very helpful at helping me understand how transistors work! Hopefully a bit more practice with the calculations and i'll have these things down for the test in 2 weeks.
Very good explanation, This is what I have been looking for thanks so much @EEVblog.
Dave, you are a great instructor, brother!
Fantastic video, BJT's really are such wonderful devices
This extra electron appearing in doped matrix was brilliantly explained. I've never seen it done graphically, it still makes sens without the picture, but this way it is really easy to understand and remember.
Thank you very much for that wonder explanation. You answered many questions that I was pondering on.
Mind-boggling I love the way you explain it makes it a little bit easier for someone like me to try and understand many thanks👍
You upload this video just a few days after my exam in the subject!!
Thanks a lot Dave for your work and your time! I deeply respect people like you who take their time to spread their knowledge free. Of course, some "Iknoweverythingandimbetterthanyou" people will criticize your work, but what you do is popularization of electronic sciences (and you never claimed it to be anything else, and... no one's perfect). So thank you again!
BTW, if i may, you should do also a thursday, wednesday or whatever day lesson, where you present and explain, in a 5 minutes format, week after week, a simple electronic circuit function: example like limiter current system, protection system, etc... but kind of circuit that you build with less than 10 basic components (resistor, transistor, capacitor, diode, even AOP in the most extreme case), not the one that you build round with a specialized IC.
I have been looking for something like this.
Most videos explain at the circuit level but not at the physics level.
Thanks.
i made a whole project about bjt's and mosfets in middle school. learned more by watching this video than when i did that project. well done lol
Great video, Dave! Would love to see more educational videos like this.
You taught me in 20 min what my professor tried to teach me in 2 weeks. Nice Video!
Absolutely Superb!! Best explanation I've seen.
Moreover Australian accent made it just PERFECT!!
Thank you mate!!
Thumbs up Dave, just like the lectures I went through at University.
Phenomenally good explanation Dave. Thank you so, so much.
Man oh man
Couldn't have explained it better
My hat is off to you :)
This was awesome. Thank you very much! I had that "Ah-Ha!" moment here where it all clicked.
you had an A-Ha Moment and you decided to TAKE HIM ON huh ? LOL
Great, Thanks! I'm stil struggling with the BJT, but I guess I'll just look at it again until I get it.
Excellent Dave!, and a great followup from your last video on why you should learn electronics. Learning a lot and really enjoying it.
Tom
Excellent presentation ! Cheers very much !
this is great, we did this on the physics level today at uni, thanks dave. :)
You explained it way better than my Iranian instructor(No Bias), back in the day, Dave. Many thanks!
Great job Dave.... Exact exactly what I needed!
Very good explanation. FETs are new since I studied Physical Electronics in the 60's!
I've always been confused at the difference between the two, this explains it very well.
Thanks Dave, looking forward to more videos like this....total beginner here
Yes, I like fundamentals in Dave's way.
Clear as mud : )
Awesome explanation!!
Your work is a treasure, thank you a lot!
Outstanding lesson! Thank you Dave!
This is so fantastic. Thank you, Dave
Thank you very much for the very detailed explanations.
This is really useful. Even for people who work with this regularly to be able to explain it to other people. Thanks!
I think what happens is that the electron moves over, and thus the atom left behind is now genuinely positively charged. Obviously the P type silicon wants to have that extra electron to fill its shell, but technically it is neutrally charged, and the N type wants that extra electron gone from its shell, but is also still neutral. When they meet up and the electrons go from the N type to the P type, they happily fix their she'll situation, but the result is that now you literally have a negative charge on the P type and a positive on the N type. It's almost like the "holes" did move over. Technically of course the situation is fundamentally different, but from an engineering point of view you don't need to care about that, you can just say the two materials swapped roles.
Yr 12 physics exam on monday, one section is transistors. You couldn't have timed this better
Thank you ...well done.... its helpful and simple to understand .
Dave knows alot of chemistry wow, well elaborated usefull video indeed,kudos!
You made it so easy to understand!
Dave would make an awesome classroom instructor!
Perfect, unsurpassed explanation, thank you very much indeed
Great review of stuff I began to learn over 50 years ago as a naive young-ling. But I still love to review it and imagine all of the little particles in there doing my bidding within my amplifiers...
very nice video.
I spent hours and hours to try to understand the principle and I felt exhausted and depressed. Your TH-cam can make me understand within a hour.!
I've finally understood transistors. Thank you
Very good explanation. I actually understand what is going on now!
Hi, Dave, you do a very nice job, thanks a lot!
Dave, you are the engineer par excellence, I love fundamental Fridays, I really learned something. thanks you are DA Man!!!
Congratulations.Thank you for sharing your knowledge with us.Very good English speech,good for non native English speakers .Keep going.
Do you plan a video for Depletion type FET transistors?
Moore's law is nonsense.
I put a transistor into my drawer 10 years ago and it did not become smaller at all.
The Kaiser Hahaha. You are hilarious.
The Kaiser Hahaha. You are hilarious.
The Kaiser I remember putting a transistor in a drawer 10 years ago. I just went to look and I had 32 transistors, just what I expected.
mart fart It is about getting smaller, NOT more and I bet you left 2 transistors of opposite sex in the drawer, so that was to be expected.
+The Kaiser mine became mosfets, as expected. Measure emitter-base, and its open in both directions.
I loved it! please make more of these, you do an excellent job explaining things! clear, concise, easy to understand! it really helps beginners like me!
Although beginner may be a stretch, considering how i see the world in resistive and capacitive values now XD
WeAreGRID Yeah, I wouldn't recommend a beginner start understanding the physics like this. They should start with basic circuit theory.
Great overview! Thank you.
Hey Dave love this video! Can you make one on biasing BJTs as well as the different biasing configurations of BJTs?
Very good presentation. The only difficult thing was the explanation of the current amplifying physics. That was unclear. The mosfet was very clear.
gamingSlasher Ah, yeah, could have made that better. Basically, small number of holes enter from the base, huge number of free electrons get moved up from the emitter due to the collector voltage, and only some of those electrons match up with holes to exit the base. the rest go up to the collector. Hence small base current, large collector current.
I have worked in electronics, both as a career and as a hobby for more than 40 years. Even after reading several articles and books about how transistors work (remember the old RCA transistor manual?), I never really understood it as clearly as your explanation here. Thanks.
Nice video Dave!
I think it would be nice to illustrate why Mosfet can be connected in parallel without worries while for BJT one should always use ballasting resistors.
Excellent video Dave!!
Could you please make a video explaining the manufacturing steps required to produce a transistor/mosfet? For example how do you dope silicon? How are the channels etched? How is the insulating oxide layer created? How are the metal contacts deposited?
I LOVE! all your videos. Can you do one on how to find total impedance of a parallel RCL circuit im so lost and cant seem to find a good site that explains it.
Nice! Keep them comming! This is digging up my school stuff :-)
Dave, you are a genius. Amazing. Thank you thank you!
Please do a followup video about popular transistor configurations, basic building blocks. Many people struggle with that. I've done several commercial designs and still could use a revision.
Very nice Dave. Thank you!!
!!!!!! Thank You !!!!! For Bridging the gap on a 20 year mystery
Finally someone who speaks clear English and knows what they are talking about.
Your videos are the best !
Can you make more videos about basic electronics ?
Hi Dave, first thanks for all your awesome videos, not only this one.
As a small suggestion, the MOSFET it's easier to understand if the 4th terminal (often not shown) is included and conected to the source terminal, so the electric field is applied to the whole substrate creating the conductive channel
Purely great, Dave! :)
This was fascinating.
Great video, thanks for the thorough but perfectly ELI5'ed explanation! Now I'm really a FULL-stack engineer. :)
Hello Dave: I have been watching and learning from many of your videos for the past 10 years and I wanted to take the time out to thank you for the Excellent job of explaining in great detail. I am now retired currently residing as an expatriate with my Philippine born wife in the Philippines. I have 50 years of experience in the field of electronics and electrical almost all phases from power plant, industrial controls, consumer electronics including Tv repair, computer systems and residential and commercial electrical wiring just to mention a few. This experience comes along with vast amount of Technical, Vocational, Military and collegiate education. I would particularly like to mention your video on the TD- 220 Tektronix Digital scope where you were shown reviving one you had found in the mud lol! I happen to have one along with a few others. I decided to pull it out a few days ago for use in troubleshooting a problem to find that the LCD display has gone bad only able to view some traces of letters and figures at high contrast. Well just thought I’d share that with you and let you know you are doing an amazing job. Keep those videos coming.
Fantastic explanation - love your energetic presentation style. I've tried a few times to get into electronics, made a few basic circuits (op amps, NE555 timers and the like) but have had real trouble picking up the basics of circuit theory from books. Have you done tutorials on the subject or would you consider doing some?
Great video as always.
THIS is educational!!! When you break things down to their simplest form and begin rebuilding them until you have a component, the principles of electronics really become evident!
Tired issues, like which type of capacitor is "best," become rubbish. Does that cap allow the electron to move from one atom to another? More efficiently than another?
I spend WAY to much time listening to the information Dave shares!!! Back to the money square, I go!!!