The Mind-Blowing Proof of Time Dilation: Muon Decay Experiment
ฝัง
- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 21 ก.ค. 2024
- One of the earliest experimental verification to Time Dilation, and Length Contraction, and hence the predictions of Special Theory of Relativity, came from studying the Muon Decay experiment through atmosphere.
When Cosmic rays strike the Earth's upper atmosphere, it creates muons, also known as mu-mesons, that travel at 98% the speed of light towards the Earth's surface. These subatomic particles have a very short average lifespan of around 2 microseconds. According to calculations, most of these muons should decay before reaching the Earth's surface. However, the number of such muon particles that reach the surface is much higher than expected. This is because, when muons are travelling at such high velovities, their clocks tick slowly, thus increasing the average lifespan with respect to an observer on earth.
00:00 Muon Decay Experiment
01:59 Non Relativistic calculations
08:15 Time Dilation (wrt Earth)
15:36 Length Contraction (wrt Muon)
#SpecialTheoryofRelativity #STR
𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬
Your financial support provides me an additional incentive to create high quality lecture videos. I am very much thankful for your generosity and kindness
Support in Patreon ❤️❤️❤️ / dibyajyotidas
Donate in Paypal 🔥🔥🔥 paypal.me/FortheLoveofPhysics
JOIN as a member in TH-cam 😇😇😇
/ @fortheloveofphysics
𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬𓏬
PLAYLIST ON Special Theory of Relativity
• Special Theory of Rela...
-----------------------------------------------------
1. History of Special Relativity ► • History of Special Rel...
2. Michelson Morley Experiment ► • Michelson Morley Exper...
3. Special Theory of Relativity ► • Special Theory of Rela...
4. Time Dilation (Thought Exp) ► • What is Time Dilation?...
5. Length Contraction (Thought Exp) ► • What is Length Contrac...
6. Lorentz Transormations ► • Derive Lorentz Transfo...
7. Relativity of Simultaneity ► • Relativity of Simultan...
8. Can you prove E=MC² ► • Can you PROVE the most...
-----------------------------------------------------
9. Special Theory of Relativity ► • Special Theory of Rela...
10. Length Contraction ► • Length Contraction (Sp...
11. Length Contraction of Inclined Rod ► • Length Contraction (& ...
12. Time Dilation ► • The Mind Bending Predi...
13. Muon Decay Experiment ► • The Mind-Blowing Proof...
14. Relativistic Velocity Transformations ► • Derivation of Relativi...
15. Speed of light in moving medium ► • Speed of Light in a mo...
16. Relativistic Doppler Effect ► • What is Relativistic D...
17. Relativistic Mass? ► • What is Relativistic m...
18. Relativistic Kinetic Energy ► • Relativistic Kinetic E...
19. Relativistic Force ► • Relativistic Force
20. Relativistic Energy & Momentum ► • Relativistic Energy an...
21. Magnetism arises from Relativity ► • The Hidden Connection ...
22. GATE Physics question ► • GATE Physics: Problem ...
23. TIFR Physics question ► • TIFR Physics: Problem ...
24. Question on Volume contraction ► • Volume Contraction in ...
25. JEST Physics question ► • JEST Physics: Solving ...
26. NET Physics question ► • CSIR-NET Physics Probl...
27. Spacetime Invariant Interval ► • SPACETIME Interval & i...
28. Minkowski Spacetime ► • Minkowski SPACETIME, H...
29. Eucledian Space & Minkowski Spacetime ► • 5 Main Differences b/w...
30. Spacetime Diagrams ► • Time Dilation, Length ...
31. Four Vectors in Relativity ► • What are FOUR VECTORS ...
32. Doppler Effect using 4-vectors ► • How to use 4 VECTORS t...
33. Compton Effect using 4-vectors ► • How to prove Compton e...
34. Particle Decay using 4-vectors ► • Particle Decay in Rela...
35. (SHORTS) Does Light experience time ► • Does light photon expe...
36. (SHORTS) Light for moving observer ► • What is the speed of L...
37. (SHORTS) Nothing can travel faster than light ► • Why nothing can travel...
38. (SHORTS) What is farther away ► • What is farther away, ...
![ลักพาตัว เอาลูกเอิร์นกลับมา...!! [เอิร์นไดเม่]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/f4NVKlZ5qkk/mqdefault.jpg)
Relativistic Velocity Transformations ► th-cam.com/video/e21RCw8GRjM/w-d-xo.html
You, like the physicists who expound this theory, didn't actually think it through entirely. If, from our point of view, the muons are traveling close to c and it results in their time being 1/10th of ours then why didn't you state what our time would be from the muon's perspective when it views our frame as being the one moving at close to c? Let's take care of it right now, the Muon views its time during the trip as being less than 2.2 ms, let's say 2 ms, so what does it see our time as being, if it's the reverse of what we saw its being from our frame? The math is very simple, 1/10th of 2.2 is 0.2. So we must have seen the muons traversing the atmosphere in 0.2 seconds, which is a lot less than the video said.
That of course is why nobody has ever actually stated what the muons would see our time as, they just skipped that part and went to length contraction, saying that it explained how the muons got through the atmosphere before decaying, because it was shallower in its view than we see it being in ours. Well why didn't they mention length contraction of the muon's frame from our view? Could it be for the obvious reason that if the muon frame was contracted, like it saw ours being, then it should actually take longer for it to traverse the atmosphere from our view, because it would be deeper relative to the muons?
Now do the video again, stating all the factors from both frames' viewpoints. Obviously you won't, and neither will anyone else who supports the clearly invalid theory. How can it really be explained why the muons make it to earth? Maybe accelerated muons live longer than non-accelerated ones, could be that simple. Acceleration to near c takes a lot of energy input, so maybe that makes them resistant to decay.
This is a wonderfully concise and thorough explanation and demonstration of special relativity's spacetime transformations. You have a real talent for communicating this subject!
Good to see you on greenboard again. You set an example for those who thinks without digital board online teaching can't be possible 🙏
I just love that Green Board.
Far and away the clearest explanation I have ever seen of Time Dilation and Length Contraction. Great Job.
This helped me understand a time difference situation in a movie I haven't finished yet. Maybe it will be the first time I figure out what the heck is going on in a sci-fi movie before it ends. Your explanations as you worked through the formulas was easy to follow even though I am completely lost with the written calculations. Thank you for posting this. I am now subscribed.
What I don't get: The situation for the muon is, that earth is moving close to the speed of light, so earth's clock should be moving slower according to the muon. So when it reaches earth
and it says: "2 microseconds have passed for me", it should assume that even less time has elapsed for the waiting earthling. But that is not the case as, the opposite seems to be true, i.e. more time has passed for the earthling. I am confused.
Keep it up
I can see the passion you have
Dont stop! Keep spreading knowledge!
We've waited for you for a long time....welcome back
Can't express how much I love all your videos! Have helped me immensely!
Thank you! This clears so many doubts I had. Thanks again or else my mind would have exploded thinking about it. Keep up the good work brother.
Just wanted to say thanks for a great video best one I’ve found about muons on TH-cam
This is quite literally the best explanation of not just the muon decay experiment but anything special relativity. This guy is a master at work!
Maza aagya! Aur ye Jo maza hai na! Mai saare desh ko dena chahuga 😁👍 best on TH-cam
A problem based on muon paradox was asked in JAM 2015 which I could not understand until I saw your explanation.
For me this is the clearest explanation.
Clear, Concise, and Beautiful.
after watching a lot of videos of yours i have got your name because the content and the way of teaching just make me pick the copy and pen and forget about the short intro..
love for physics ❤️
Awesome video, I was struggling to grasp time dilation, this video has very good insights into time dilation
Sir, excellent handwriting!
This helped me so much! Thank you!
Awesome explanation
Excellent explanation dear teacher It will help your students in a big way 👍👍
absolutely briliant explanation, thank you for your help!
thank you soooo much. i could never quite wrap my head about this without some minkovski paper. this video really made my brain 'click'
Outstanding. Thank you I wish the actual data was shown though. That's all I was looking for but the lecture was so good I watched the whole thing. How well does the experimental data fit the theory and where can I find it?
I am feeling good to see you on green board .. Because your lectures on green board are more understandable than software
Hello sir. Your work is much appreciated. Iam glad i could find you.
I have a request. Please make a Quantum Mechanics playlist. I couldn't find a better indian lecture on that. Please consider
Este video es una obra de arte. Quiero agradecerle su labor divulgativa y su talento para hacerse entender. saludos.
We Will never forgot ur hard work sir.
Thank you very much sir. Perfect explanation
Loved your explanation very much sir❤️❤️
Dear Dibyajyothi Das, we are delighted to see u.we request you to make a series of vedios on solar system components and the physics decay on those celestial bodies....
Just great. Hats off to you sir
Excellent explanation…
Very much helping..
Make some videos on quantum mechanics
Amazing!! Thanks sir
Very well explained
Very good explanation sir.
Great job.
Very clear explanation :)
Excellent explanation , thanks a lot sir.please provide problem solving questions to crack pg entrance at central university level.thank you
Hello sir jab tk ap samne the itna seriously nhi sune 😢ab jab ni h vha to yourube se seekh rhe aapse😅😅😅ab lg rha ksh us samay pdhe hote itna acha content samne mil rha tha 😅😅😅
Hello...i was introduced with the planck constant in the blackbody radiation problem...then it appeared in photo electric effect then it appeared in compton effect then suddenly planck constant appeared in quantum theory and all its application. Now i was reading about phonon where we again find that the energy of each phonon is planck constant times frequency of phonon...but why it is planck constant?shouldn't it be other constant...and suddenly why planck constant was regarded as fundamental? Can you please explain why it a fundamental constant?why quantisation of every type of field must have particles whose properties such as energy and momentum are associated with planck constant?why this creepy planck constant?
My optional paper ( physics) for UPSC CSE. It's very very good explanation of physics for UPSC CSE topics covered all clear sir 👍👍👍👍👍 optional paper physics ✍️✍️✍️✍️✍️
The mind blowing. The video makes must offer padmabhushan for popularized of science
Very good explanation 👍👍👍👍👍🙏🙏 🙏🙏🙏
I am biochemistry students,,but still I listen your lecture and starts to loving physics. Plz make a NMR lecture series
Please go watch chemistry untold channel he explained spectroscopy very briefly
Superb screen play ❤
Sir can you make the videos based on jee physics and it's all of the course
CLEAREST EXPLANATION TO THE DILATION AND CONTRACTION CONCEPT ……..STRANGE HOW SAME TIME AND SAME DISTANCE INVERSLY CHANGE IN ACTUAL S FOR TWO OBSERVERS JUST BECAUSE THE TIME SPACE FABRIC CHANGES IN RESPECTIVE WAYS FOR EACH …..MIND BLOWING
The realisation of that you understand a topic which not understand before gives more satisfaction then anything else.,😌
Thank you sir for the video. Can you please clarify this: why, when the Earth is addressed you consider 10 km between the Earth and the Muon, while when Muon is addressed you consider 2 km between the Earth and the Muon? Shouldn't the frames of reference of each of them be equal? Thank you.
That was a great lecture 😍
Love from Pakistan💞
Shouldn't length contraction applied to the Muon, the traveling object, not on the surrounding universe?
If length contraction is applied like that, then the mass increase should be applied to the earth and the universe as well?
Great❤️❤️❤️
Can you please explain relativistic kinematics of particles in four vectors?
Sir I read in class eight.I have completed general theory of relativity in class 7 and I can understand your lecture and thanks you for this kind of higher lecture
Chal
Bata
In Minkowsi space time the distance between the points lying on the hyperbola and origin are same
True or False
Is the equation for radioactive decay correct? I think you forgot to include ln(2) in the exponent e: : -t * ln(2) / (muon lifespan)?
I like your explanation 😘😘
thank you!
Very comprehensive video, I did not physics after all.
Is not the Muon "accelerated" from the source to near speed of light and that might have been the cause of time dilation?
Amazing
What if the oberserver moves with the muons ?
This is nuts 🤯
I’ve always wondered, why did we conclude that time is moving more slowly, and not just conclude that something about motion affects whatever forces are leading to the radioactive decay? Time itself should be independent of things like radioactive decay, and mechanistic processes of clocks which are either driven by EM forces or gravitational forces. So again, isn’t it easier to say that motion affects those forces, thus making it seem as if the clocks are ticking slower, or a particle is less affected by whatever forces are causing it to decay? Maybe there is no such abstract thing as time, and instead there are just other forces which lead to processes happening in certain directions at certain speeds.
But how do you solve in this contest the twin paradox? For the muon the clock of the observer on heart is ticking slowly but which of the clock sign a lesser time spent in the travel?
Both the inertial observers think the other's clock is ticking slower. That's what str tells us
Nice
Thank you very much
Wonderful. I always had doubts on this during my student life. One question. There is no difference between an observer at motion or static. Both r in motion according to the other one and static according to him. Now if I define the observer on the muon as static, which I can, then how the result can be explained?
Acc to muon, distance gets contracted. Lifetime remains same
Nice one... :)
Sir please make a video on the g2 force experiment by fermilab
Sir kindly upload the videos of electronics ( MSc physics)
Bloody makes perfect sense to a phenomenon sounding northing less than a witchcraft all these days ….congratulations 🎉
Sir plz make video in cp violations.🙏
Thanks sir for this Crystal clear explanation.
Sir, As per muon we are travelling at a speed of light then why don't our clock slow down and the length contract in his perspective.
It does
Very well explained
But I have one question why we have considered length contraction for the observer on muon, w.r.t. this observer the whole earth is moving and the time of earth should be dilated (w.r.t. him).
We can obtain the results by either approach..
1) acc to earth observer, muon's time is dilated
2) according to muon, distance is contracted
For both, results are consistent
@@FortheLoveofPhysics ok, thank you 😊
Beutiful example
the Time Dilation equation, of the Lorentz-Einstein transformations, is a purely kinematical equation. if we apply it to the cosmic muon as shown, then we must assume that the Earth is moving at -0.998c relative to the muon. however, this would be a violation of the conservation of linear momentum for the Earth-Muon system. for the earth-muon system we have M(earth)*v(earth) = -m(muon)*v(muon). hence, v(earth)= -(m/M) * 0.998c. this is not equal to v(earth) = -0.998c. in fact the v(earth) is essentially 0. we cannot use v(earth) = -v(muon) = 0.998c in order to apply the time dilation equation. we have to use gravitational time dilation which is insignificant given the GF of the earth to increase the decay time of the cosmic muon to reach the earth surface.
MUON break Spacetime symmetry equal Dark Matter/GRAVITATIONAL Field , Equal Time Dilation,As Gauge symmetry equal LEPTON/BOSON field and when this symmetry is Scaled equal BARYON FERMION matter field.
Sir please make a video on four vectors and their application..
there are relativity courses online that explain this well. Leonard Suskind does a class at Stanford on this subject and Ramamurti Shankar covers this is his class at Yale. Shankar covers Relativity starting at lecture 12 while suskinds whole course is on Special Relativity. They are both great lecturers
Sir please add the topic twin paradox
You are not telling science history or science fictction. They are all $hit for making some $. Thank you and keep up. Good to see you again 😊 BTW: sorry for my bad english, i am not native speaker.
The lab does not have a transition from naked space to Earth atmosphere, not to mention entering a gravitational potential, so all of the foundational data may be completely pointless. At best, ALL of this is just a test for Relativity. If you look at it another way (without postulates), it proves that particles can travel faster than light. That is a matter of perspective and what data you hang your hat on. Relativity says that if you move your head, the entire Universe INSTANTLY changes shape along that axis JUST FOR YOU! Luckily, this goofy story is only true ON PAPER, and the NON-transformed reality IS STILL THERE IGNORED, so we can pick it up in the future sometime.
sir, why not an observer on earth considers length contraction?
Observer on earth is at rest. So distance acc to him is not contracted
@@FortheLoveofPhysics it is the same case for the observer on the muon, he is at rest
Acc to muon, earth is in motion, so atmospheric distance is contracted
👌👌👍
dada apuni je nagaon aji he gom paisu....
👍👍👍👍
You are the next RICHARD FEYMAN........
but bro muons are not called mu-mesons.
This poses an interesting question:
How do we as people on a rock moving through the cosmos calculate our relativistic static speed? Do we know if we are already moving near the speed of light? And if we were, because we are on the item traveling close to the speed of light (like the observer on the muon); would we know it or would our ability to measure the speed of light be hampered by the dilation we experience by nature of us taking measurements in our natural state?
I’ve often thought of this as we discuss interstellar travel; as we move away from the time dilation that our sun and our planet cause, does the distances between the stars remain as time consuming as we assume them to be from here?
There is no absolute reference frame. Only relative speeds wrt observers.
If u understand this, your problem will be resolved.
@@FortheLoveofPhysics
This makes sense. And in fact right after posing this question I stumbled upon your video from several days ago relating to the answer I was looking for.
Thank you for both your response and your very accessible educational demonstrations.
I feel quite special to merit both. You are a blessing to me.
at 16:25 length contraction x time dilation = blowing up the universe
so.. if i deal with the deep space travelers, i only need to deal with what kind of clock they have, since i cant detect their lengths, and i also need to show them a lousy falsified earth measure stick to guide them , so that i can fool them to capture these travelers. they cant control my clock as i cant control their lengths.
He is assuming the values of Muon observer. So that is NOT exactly the verification of Muon observer proof.
thn y nt mass also increases ??
🤣
Brooo, this is creepy as hell honestly. I've heard nature can be weird but for it to be this weird :|
:)
You are wonderful!
The only thing, that remains unclear, why "time dilation" SHOULD be applied to a standing observer and NOT "length contaction"?
Because for the standing observer, the mountain/atmosphere height doesn't change, but the muon's lifetime is dilated
Fantastic explanation so far