Thank you. Every video I’ve seen (Mike Myers, prof messer) they cover this for about 5 seconds and move on. I needed a better understanding just to be able to remember it. I also like your speed and visual representations!
Thank you so very much. I am on a Google Cloud programme and am trying to learn as much as I can about the product and materials themselves (computer hardware particularly as I have little knowledge on the subject matter) - your video has really helped, much appreciated!!
I'm delighted to hear that the video is helping you with your PowerPoint presentation and providing valuable insights into learning computer science. PowerPoint presentations can be a powerful tool for conveying information effectively, and gaining a solid understanding of computer science is a valuable skill.
I'm kinda confused about the difference between Buses and traces , so are Buses simply a collection of traces used to send data on the motherboard , and traces are simply just the individual copper pathways on the motherboard? Any response would be greatly appreciated , thanks :]
Traces are just the name they use for the electrical pathways on the motherboard. A bus is used to transfer data between two different locations. Older buses use one wire for each bit. Buses like PCIe have four wires for sending data to and through. So just depends on how the bus is configued. Think of a bus as the way the computer transfers data between to different points. The traces are just the wires on the motherboard that connect everything together.
Nowadays it pretty hard to buy a motherboard with a Northbridge so you are right there it pretty much gone with new products. However, you may come across it looking in old hardware so for this exam it is required. I would not be surprised during the next revision of the exam objectives the North Bridge disappears for the exam objectives. For this exam, regardless whether the North Bridge is a separate chip or in the CPU you just need to have an understanding of how it works.
great video really appreciative, i am confused a little on the example you gave on the buffer on the northbridge the question is what caused the bottleneck is it the buffer or the gpu that is slow in 12:15
Essentially every thing in the computer has buffers. They may not be able to store to much in the buffers. Consider that GPU is trying to transfer data to the computers memory. In order to do that it is going through the CPU. The CPU also has software trying to transfer data to memory and the memory on the computer is not that fast. When this occurs, the memory can't keep up with demand. Thus, the CPU starts getting backed up. The back up is then passed onto the CPU. If you think of it like roads, same principal. If you get a road that is smaller than the other and everyone tries to use it, this will cause traffic jams elsewhere.
So I understand that it is important to have the 2 send lanes to reduce signal interference and potential data corruption, but with each of the 2 send lanes are they splitting the data being transmitted or is it just redundant?
If you have a look at the following picture it may make more sense. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differential_signaling#/media/File:DiffSignaling.png Essentially when you have two wires close to each other they will be be effected by interference the same way. To put it in basic terms, if one is pushed upwards a little so will the other. So the difference between the two will still be the same. So you could encode a one or a zero by having the difference between positive or negative. So to answer your question, the data is not split. The data is essentially send twice which allows for more accuracy when sending.
When we talk about a sata ssd connected to sata port. Is the sata cable called as a sata BUS. Or does sata BUS refer to the connection on motherboard running from sata port to the chipset like southbridge or platform controller hub? or are they both SATA BUS?
When we refer to a SATA SSD connected to a SATA port, the term "SATA bus" typically encompasses both the SATA port on the motherboard and the associated cables. Here's a breakdown of these components: SATA Port on the Motherboard: This is the physical connector on the motherboard where you plug in your SATA SSD. It provides the electrical and physical interface for connecting storage devices. SATA Cable: The SATA cable is the physical cable that connects the SATA port on the motherboard to the SATA SSD. It carries both data and power, allowing the SSD to communicate with the motherboard and receive power for operation. SATA Bus: The term "SATA bus" is a broader concept that includes not only the SATA port and cable but also the entire data transfer pathway. It encompasses the electrical and data transfer protocols used to connect storage devices, which includes the SATA port, cable, and any associated controller chips or circuits on the motherboard. In summary, when people refer to a SATA SSD connected to a SATA port, they are typically referring to the entire SATA bus, which encompasses both the physical port on the motherboard and the cable used to make the connection. This bus allows data to flow between the storage and the motherboard's chipset (usually the southbridge or platform controller hub) using the SATA protocol.
The maximum number in 16 bit (1111111111111111) is 65,535. Add one since we are counting from one 65,536. Divide this by 1024 (for 1 kilobyte) this give 64kB.
I'm trying to conceptualize a bus as a physical component and having a hard time with that. Is there a simplified way of explaining the bus in the context of the internal/external component, the I/O port, and the transfer cable? For instance, is the bus an actual physical component of a USB cable? Like the wires inside of the USB cable are the "bus"? This might be the wrong way of looking at it and I'm hoping someone can simplify my understanding. Thanks!
A bus is essentially the communication systems that transfers data between components inside a computer or between computers/devices. Thus, you could call the data transfer between the computer and the device over USB a bus. For example, in the old days of SCSI cables it was often refereed to as a bus. So to put it simply, a bus packages the data up on one side of the cable, it is transmitted over the cable, it is un-packaged a the other end. Although this may also sound like networking. A bus is a physical connection between devices or components, where network is more widespread. Buses are also point to point. You could have multiple devices on the same bus, but they are daisy chained together.
7:44 Sir i Cant understand data corruption as a concept,Please do elucidate on it and im completely from a differenr stream apart from understanding these science stuffs.If u cant atleast tell me the place from i should refer from.I can't understand interference at all
The way differential signaling works is it measures the difference between the two wires. Let's make up and example. A real life example would be different. 1 bit make wire 1 positive 75% and wire 2 25%. 75 - 25 = 50% (Positive 50) 0 bit make wire 1 positive 25% and wire 2 75%. 25 - 75 = -50% (Negative 50) Both would give you a different result which could be read as a one or zero. When interference effects the wires both wires since they are near each other will be effects. Let's say interference at 20% to both wires. 1 bit make wire 1 positive 95% and wire 2 45%. 95 - 45 = 50% (Positive 50) 0 bit make wire 1 positive 45% and wire 2 95%. 45 - 95 = -% (Negative 50) You can see that even if the wires are effected by interference we can still determine with the signal is a one or zero.
Thank you. Every video I’ve seen (Mike Myers, prof messer) they cover this for about 5 seconds and move on. I needed a better understanding just to be able to remember it. I also like your speed and visual representations!
Makes, glad we could help.
Thank you for making this topic mush easier to understand and digest. Visual representations also really help.
Glad it was helpful!
Thank you for your excellent presentation
Thanks for watching.
Thank you so very much. I am on a Google Cloud programme and am trying to learn as much as I can about the product and materials themselves (computer hardware particularly as I have little knowledge on the subject matter) - your video has really helped, much appreciated!!
Thanks very much for watching.
This video is really helping me out with me making my PowerPoint Presentation and a grasp of reality to learning Computer Science.
I'm delighted to hear that the video is helping you with your PowerPoint presentation and providing valuable insights into learning computer science. PowerPoint presentations can be a powerful tool for conveying information effectively, and gaining a solid understanding of computer science is a valuable skill.
simple and easy to understand. Thanks!
Glad you liked it!
Beautifully clear for us nitwits here... ty.
Glad it was helpful!
Yah vol, Herr Commandant! I finally understand! Thank you!
Glad it helped!
thank you so much this was really helpful keep up the good content
Glad it helped
Fantastic content. Thanks
Glad it was helpful!
Thank you! Very useful video
Glad it was helpful!
شكرا Thank you💙💙
amazing video
Thanks!
Thank you very much for this video and the time to prepare it
Most welcome 😊
Great video. Thanks for all the information!
Glad it was helpful!
Very good training
Thanks very much
I'm kinda confused about the difference between Buses and traces , so are Buses simply a collection of traces used to send data on the motherboard , and traces are simply just the individual copper pathways on the motherboard? Any response would be greatly appreciated , thanks :]
Traces are just the name they use for the electrical pathways on the motherboard.
A bus is used to transfer data between two different locations. Older buses use one wire for each bit. Buses like PCIe have four wires for sending data to and through. So just depends on how the bus is configued.
Think of a bus as the way the computer transfers data between to different points. The traces are just the wires on the motherboard that connect everything together.
Good video.
Glad you enjoyed it
10:34 : North Bridge ? I thought the North Bridge Chip was a thing of the past and had been integrated to CPUs long ago ?
Nowadays it pretty hard to buy a motherboard with a Northbridge so you are right there it pretty much gone with new products. However, you may come across it looking in old hardware so for this exam it is required. I would not be surprised during the next revision of the exam objectives the North Bridge disappears for the exam objectives. For this exam, regardless whether the North Bridge is a separate chip or in the CPU you just need to have an understanding of how it works.
Thanks!
Thanks very much. Much appreciated. More videos to come.
great video really appreciative, i am confused a little on the example you gave on the buffer on the northbridge
the question is what caused the bottleneck is it the buffer or the gpu that is slow in 12:15
Essentially every thing in the computer has buffers. They may not be able to store to much in the buffers. Consider that GPU is trying to transfer data to the computers memory. In order to do that it is going through the CPU. The CPU also has software trying to transfer data to memory and the memory on the computer is not that fast. When this occurs, the memory can't keep up with demand. Thus, the CPU starts getting backed up. The back up is then passed onto the CPU. If you think of it like roads, same principal. If you get a road that is smaller than the other and everyone tries to use it, this will cause traffic jams elsewhere.
So I understand that it is important to have the 2 send lanes to reduce signal interference and potential data corruption, but with each of the 2 send lanes are they splitting the data being transmitted or is it just redundant?
If you have a look at the following picture it may make more sense.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differential_signaling#/media/File:DiffSignaling.png
Essentially when you have two wires close to each other they will be be effected by interference the same way. To put it in basic terms, if one is pushed upwards a little so will the other. So the difference between the two will still be the same. So you could encode a one or a zero by having the difference between positive or negative.
So to answer your question, the data is not split. The data is essentially send twice which allows for more accuracy when sending.
@@itfreetraining Thank you! This was very helpful and I feel like it cleared it up for me.
@@itfreetraining Thanks I had the same question
When we talk about a sata ssd connected to sata port. Is the sata cable called as a sata BUS. Or does sata BUS refer to the connection on motherboard running from sata port to the chipset like southbridge or platform controller hub? or are they both SATA BUS?
When we refer to a SATA SSD connected to a SATA port, the term "SATA bus" typically encompasses both the SATA port on the motherboard and the associated cables. Here's a breakdown of these components:
SATA Port on the Motherboard: This is the physical connector on the motherboard where you plug in your SATA SSD. It provides the electrical and physical interface for connecting storage devices.
SATA Cable: The SATA cable is the physical cable that connects the SATA port on the motherboard to the SATA SSD. It carries both data and power, allowing the SSD to communicate with the motherboard and receive power for operation.
SATA Bus: The term "SATA bus" is a broader concept that includes not only the SATA port and cable but also the entire data transfer pathway. It encompasses the electrical and data transfer protocols used to connect storage devices, which includes the SATA port, cable, and any associated controller chips or circuits on the motherboard.
In summary, when people refer to a SATA SSD connected to a SATA port, they are typically referring to the entire SATA bus, which encompasses both the physical port on the motherboard and the cable used to make the connection. This bus allows data to flow between the storage and the motherboard's chipset (usually the southbridge or platform controller hub) using the SATA protocol.
2:33 How does 16 Address Bus Wires equate to 64 kB of memory?
The maximum number in 16 bit (1111111111111111) is 65,535. Add one since we are counting from one 65,536. Divide this by 1024 (for 1 kilobyte) this give 64kB.
@@itfreetraining if 65536 bits are there, in bytes (8 bits is 1 byte) its (65536/8) 8191 bytes. How is that 64K Byte ?
@@mithurshan1 The address references bytes not bits so don't divide by 8. Thus, 16 bits can access 65536 bytes which is 64k.
I'm trying to conceptualize a bus as a physical component and having a hard time with that. Is there a simplified way of explaining the bus in the context of the internal/external component, the I/O port, and the transfer cable? For instance, is the bus an actual physical component of a USB cable? Like the wires inside of the USB cable are the "bus"?
This might be the wrong way of looking at it and I'm hoping someone can simplify my understanding. Thanks!
A bus is essentially the communication systems that transfers data between components inside a computer or between computers/devices. Thus, you could call the data transfer between the computer and the device over USB a bus. For example, in the old days of SCSI cables it was often refereed to as a bus. So to put it simply, a bus packages the data up on one side of the cable, it is transmitted over the cable, it is un-packaged a the other end.
Although this may also sound like networking. A bus is a physical connection between devices or components, where network is more widespread. Buses are also point to point. You could have multiple devices on the same bus, but they are daisy chained together.
Awesome bro
Thanks 🤗
Thanks
No problem
insane, how all ideas are online. I am just a random kid in the middle of europa. But i have big dreams! I will one day make my own game :)
Thanks for watching. I hope your dreams come true one day.
thank you
You're welcome
Sir data bus carry how many bits?
Buses vary in size. For example, RAM with have 64-bit. It depends on the device.
Respect ❤️
Thanks for watching.
thanks a lot
You are most welcome
7:44 Sir i Cant understand data corruption as a concept,Please do elucidate on it and im completely from a differenr stream apart from understanding these science stuffs.If u cant atleast tell me the place from i should refer from.I can't understand interference at all
The way differential signaling works is it measures the difference between the two wires.
Let's make up and example. A real life example would be different.
1 bit make wire 1 positive 75% and wire 2 25%. 75 - 25 = 50% (Positive 50)
0 bit make wire 1 positive 25% and wire 2 75%. 25 - 75 = -50% (Negative 50)
Both would give you a different result which could be read as a one or zero.
When interference effects the wires both wires since they are near each other will be effects. Let's say interference at 20% to both wires.
1 bit make wire 1 positive 95% and wire 2 45%. 95 - 45 = 50% (Positive 50)
0 bit make wire 1 positive 45% and wire 2 95%. 45 - 95 = -% (Negative 50)
You can see that even if the wires are effected by interference we can still determine with the signal is a one or zero.
@@itfreetraining Please upload Core 2 of comptia also
Good :)
Thanks 😁
ty
Thanks for watching.