The Crisis of Feudalism - How the Peasants Broke out of Serfdom
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 25 ก.ค. 2024
- This week we look at how Feudalism began to collapse and it's role in the crisis of the late middle ages.
The Feudal system relied on the taxing of those below it to maintain the arms and lands of those above it to supply protection, but during the 14th Century the economy and supply of labor could no longer maintain the system of feudalism.
watch the video to find out why
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Links and Sources
Crisis of the Late Middle Ages Play List
• The Crisis of the Late...
Wages and prices in England in the later Middle Ages
www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/1...
Preferred Citation: McNally, David. Political Economy and the Rise of Capitalism: A Reinterpretation. Berkeley: University of California Press, c1988.
ark.cdlib.org/ark:/13030/ft367...
CRISIS OF FEUDALISM An Environmental History - JASON W. MOORE
www.researchgate.net/publicat...
Was there a General Crisis of Feudalism?
www.versobooks.com/blogs/3449...
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Our channel is intended to discuss the skills needed to reenact, demonstrate and teach. We also discuss the historic context and research behind our findings.
Popula Urbanum is latin for people of the city. We are recreating the burgeoning middle classes in the 14th century.
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Edited in Blender 2.10
This is now my favorite channel for random shit I never knew that I always wanted to know.
It's what we excel in TBH
This is really interesting stuff thanks
Glad you think so!
Very interesting, I've heard occasional mentions of aristocratic families losing money coming into the Renaissance (such as in _Don Quixote_ , where his family appears somewhat impoverished despite their status). So, in regards to the nobles who sold their lands and titles, what did they end up doing afterwards for a living? Similarly, how did the people who bought noble's lands avoid the same issues that the nobles had with diminishing rents?
Those that ended up selling their lands and titles ended up taking up a trade, there is one account of a noble family ending up as millers. Others became farmers or merchants, basically whatever they could do to make a living. As for the merchants that bought the lands, well they continued to be merchants and make money, mostly they did not peruse the feudal models which resulted in poverty, instead the engaged in commerce.
@@PopulaUrbanum Thanks for the info! So, what did the merchants who bought land from nobles _do_ with that land, if they weren't seeking feudal-style income from it?
@@InSanic13 They utilized the land for commodity farming, they hired farmers to work on the lands, and extracted taxes. Importantly they used the commodities for trade and they reinvested to improve output instead of paying for their lifestyle.
Thank you for your videos, they are so enjoyable and enlightening! Even though I'm only "reenacting" through writing stories in fantasy genre, this information you giving is of huge importance to me. And I also appreciate the way you present it, so nice and comfortable to listen and to understand, even though I'm not native speaker. Thanks yet again! :)
Thank you so much for your support, I am glad this makes a difference. I really enjoy fantasy but what annoys me is when writers try to create worlds with a medieval setting but don't understand the medieval world.
Let me know if there is anything I can ever help you with.
Another Very nice summary!
Thank you
This was super interesting!
Glad you enjoyed it. I really enjoyed making this one.
great vid great style
Thank you
fantastic
This feels like a historical materialist analysis of the period. Very interesting! Thank you for sharing your findings. I know it's quite an ask, but it'd be great if you were able to indicate which sources you are using when presenting some facts.
Yes I probably could if I were a better editor, which as you can tell I am not. I struggled to even publish these short videos which is why I don't make videos anymore
Wow, just followed a recommendation here from Shadiversity and was very surprised & chuffed to be met by a greeting in te reo! Greetings from Christchurch/Otautahi... 😁 (Are you currently NZ-based as well as being a Kiwi...?) Looking forward to binging your back catalogue now I've found it!
Hey that's great! just trying to spread some Te Reo to the world. We are in Wellington/ Poneke.
Can someone explain how the extension of market relations emerge and what effects it had on the socio economic system of feudalism
That really is another topic all together, we cover these ideas more in depth in our other videos concerning the rise of the Medieval Cities and the guilds although not addressing it specifically. The complexities surrounding the development of the medieval market is a bit too long for a comment.
However if you want to do more research on feudalism I can suggest the works of Marc Bloch, Henri Pirenne's work on the medieval cities, David Nicholas' work on the medieval cities and economy as well as Anthony Black's seminal work Guild and State.
Great video! Seems like you're applying a historical materialist explanation. When will you have one on the rise of capitalism?
Yes there is some historical materialism in the analysis of these events. The video(s) on the rise of capitalism are slow in the the coming much of the channel is laying the ground work in establishing the framework in which to discuss the rise of capitalism outside of the accepted historical and economic views, mostly that capitalism rose post 16th century and is closely tied to English industrialism.
Or the rise of the Merchantile trades during the colonisation of the New World neither of these things are the roots of capitalism, instead capitalism and the birth of it can quite firmly be found in the 14th century post Black Death and the rise of the guilds.
This sounds a lot like America during and after the pandemic..
I have been worried about plagues and pandemics and their social and economic impacts for about 20 years
@@PopulaUrbanum so do you think the ongoing pandemic is going to cause capitalism to collapse or double down into fascism?
@@CyberdarkHellKaiser I'm not one for making prediction on the internet, I've found it has left egg on my face before.
However I can soundly say that I do not believe that capitalism would collapse due to a pandemic, it may suffer a massive shock which we are in the process of "living through."
The state has too much interest in maintaining capitalism or as it is put "the economy"
From a historic standpoint, post plague either great mortality or the Spanish flu is that that there is an immediate economic impact, usually followed by inflationary pressures and wage increases and an attempt to curtail wages. Industrial disputes and state crackdowns.
If it a question of double down, that already appears to be the course for some countries, others may choose a neo -Keynesian model.
You have the facial hair of a young tsar Nicholas
Thank you, he had great facial hair
Was the gentry upper middle class or rich ?
The Gentry, are difficult to place, this is usually to mean wealthy landowners. We can often assume they have some form of heredity title, this would place them well outside of the middle class and into the ruling classes
@@PopulaUrbanum who was the upper middle class in medieval Europe ?
The upper middle class is very hard to define, even in our own era. If we are to consider this a position of higher wealth and social mobility the it would be the burgher elites, and petty nobility. These people usually have positions of power within medieval cities and wealth but are not usually landed elites and members of the ruling classes.
Because of the nature of the cities (the usual location of the middle class) many of the burgher elites are wealthy merchants and guild masters.
@@PopulaUrbanum ur right thanks 4 ur answers 😊😊😊
My pleasure
Nothing has changed since the beginning of time.
Is it foolish to think the black death essentially led to the end of feudalism
Interesting do you have an alternative hypothesis?
Sounds alot like today.
It is not the end of Feudalism.
It's okay to be of European descent. It is okay to be interested in "l'histoire" of your people/ ancestors!
I'm a bit confused by this statement, considering this is a channel dealing with medieval history we are very interesting in European history. History belongs to all of us it is the shared story of how we have arrived to this point today.
I am also confused about your statement of how it is okay to be of European decent, of course it is. It is okay to be of any decent. If anyone thinks that being of any one decent is better or worse than any other one has some very warped ideas.
@@PopulaUrbanum This is an ideological troll, quite evidently. Anyone who mentions "European descent" for no reason is just trying to race bait leftist ideologues.
@@Jkp1321 I assume so, but I try to approach things in good faith and as an honest Interlocutor, I would rather people say what they mean rather than try to use dog whistles. I assume that there could be a miscommunication and give a chance for clarification. It appears that this was an attempt to gauge the channel for European supremacism. I can assure everyone that this is no such place.
@@PopulaUrbanum If you think that saying "It's okay to be of European descent," means white supremacy when almost every Western nation is being overrun and replaced by invaders then you're out of your mind. Preserving the history of a people is not the same as supremacy, just as a channel run by Chinese talking about East Asian history wouldn't be "Asian supremacy." Westerners 100 years ago were 20% of the world's population, and now we're down to 10%. We are a dying people that I'm interested in preserving. You can laugh, but the numbers don't lie; and it's clear there are globalist powers and money that want to see us disappear, whether through attrition or through outright violence. So yeah, cuck, it's okay to be white, and it's great to discuss European history, for all to enjoy. Just as black people might appreciate African history a little more than the rest of us, so can white people appreciate European history a little more than the rest.
And the odd fact is .. they didn't. Well, not 'peasants' per se, and not 'serfdom', or not exactly. A rustic or pagan, that is one of the countryside, tied to the land, a fellow native of 'a country') = Paisano et al; and 'serf' or servus, a servant of some sort, having/ owing some duty to serve (in military or economic terms); was not the same as penal servitude in hard labour (for a grave crime, less than murder or treason) rather more like being bound over to community service, by law (except that it was expressed in good faith terms, to serve faithfully as/ in exchange for a living .. a fief).
The major difference being that the land needed intense and long-term care; in the absence of slaves (and landless migrants) some militaristic-focused societies bound farm workers to farmlands, and with hereditary rights and duties; and thus a social status, if not a highly prized one - though essential. Economics set such landed servants free, that is their lowly service was required elsewhere in society - as wage slaves, for instance in factories .. or today in 'service industries'.
Indeed the great majority of Western 'citizens' and civilians (city-dwellers) are still bound to work in service .. though without any good faith requirements binding in legal contract, or to become life-long beggars - from state charity or prison (with some penal servitude, learning a craft, self-improvement elements); and like it or not, this servile state is still by and large hereditary in many places (for want of other opportunities, and despite state benefits and donations = programmes); and we like to call this status an advance or progress in social care (Thomas Sewell does good work in this scholarly field).
Cf The Servile State, Hillaire Belloc
th-cam.com/play/PLo0HRxViEnZf7VnNzADh_xazvvMjdzxcl.html
I'd not disagree in principal to some of the assertions.
I do need to disagree to the principal that the coercive nature of capitalism and wage labour is the same as feudalism.
While to the modern person who has their rights and freedoms stolen from them by the nature of wage labour, a thoroughly medieval invention, it cannot be justly or sensibly equated to the servile lifestyle of the feudal serf who's rights and obligations were but a microns to a person who lives within a democracy.
However if we are dealing with those who are exploited by at the very beginning of capitalism, sweatshop workers, farm workers, migrant workers, rare earth miner, victims of human trafficking and so on then often they have less rights than the medieval peasant .
I think it is a false equivalence to compare the modern wage slave to the feudal serfs lot, just as it is the feudal serf to the roman slave, although one preceded the other.
The point is that while the feudal aristocracy collapsed they transitioned into the upper echelons of the burgeoning mercantile class which was building a new economic system. What replaced it was not something which benefitted the peasants or the urban workers. The wealthy landowners and merchants built this system, not intentionally mind you, which ensconced them in power just as before. As this new economic system arose so too did the modern state.
The key to much of this is the development of the medieval middle class, which after all is responsible for inventing the systems and intuitions in which are the foundations of capitalism.
@@PopulaUrbanum Quite so. ;o)
Peasants didnt break out of serfdom 😂😂😂
Hopefully capitalism suffers the same fate soon 🤞🏽
We’re going backwards back to feudalism. Corporations are buying up all housing and farmland (atleast here in the states)
@@calvinversailles7662 :(((
It did. We reverted back to feudalism.