ฝัง
- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 15 ก.ค. 2020
- With its caustic red waters, Lake Natron doesn’t seem like the ideal place to call home. But some creatures have evolved amazing adaptations that help them survive and thrive in this alkaline lake.
Hosted by: Hank Green
SciShow has a spinoff podcast! It's called SciShow Tangents. Check it out at www.scishowtangents.org
----------
Support SciShow by becoming a patron on Patreon: / scishow
----------
Huge thanks go to the following Patreon supporters for helping us keep SciShow free for everyone forever:
Kevin Bealer, Jacob, Katie Marie Magnone, Charles Southerland, Eric Jensen, Christopher R Boucher, Alex Hackman, Matt Curls, Adam Brainard, Jeffrey McKishen, Scott Satovsky Jr, James Knight, Sam Buck, Chris Peters, Kevin Carpentier, Patrick D. Ashmore, Piya Shedden, Sam Lutfi, Charles George, Christoph Schwanke, Greg, Lehel Kovacs, Bd_Tmprd
----------
Looking for SciShow elsewhere on the internet?
Facebook: / scishow
Twitter: / scishow
Tumblr: / scishow
Instagram: / thescishow
----------
Sources:
earthobservatory.nasa.gov/ima...
boingboing.net/2013/10/02/mee...
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti...
theconversation.com/africas-m...
africageographic.com/blog/tan...
animaldiversity.org/accounts/...
www.nature.com/articles/33716...
www.bashanfoundation.org/contr...
www.smithsonianmag.com/scienc...
water-research.net/index.php/...
www.waterquality.gov.au/anz-g...
jeb.biologists.org/content/je...
anatomypubs.onlinelibrary.wil...
www.flamingos-world.com/flami...
www.pugetsound.edu/files/resou...
Image Sources:
www.istockphoto.com/photo/lak...
www.istockphoto.com/photo/aer...
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
www.istockphoto.com/photo/che...
www.istockphoto.com/photo/lem...
www.istockphoto.com/photo/fla...
www.istockphoto.com/photo/les...
www.istockphoto.com/photo/end...
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
"Special thanks to our Natrons on Natreon"
Lmao
It always amazes me how animals and humans can adapt to live anywhere and everywhere.
Evolution doings it work.
Well, I mean, a lot of them didn't.
to be fair humans spread so rapidly there hasn’t really been any time for the climate to change much. We evolved during the last few million years of Ice Age. Our bodies, if dropped in say, the early Eocene, wouldn’t be able to dissipate heat in Summer temperatures throughout huge swaths of the world, whether or not they had clothing or shelter or sufficient water.
We’re fragile, after all, we just are animals designed to live in dry steppes/not hilariously hot and humid places, which became the dominant ecosystems during the Quaternary Period.
@Ferd Ferd.D they made a valid & very important point why are you upset
Only requires a few million years
1:01 I need those adaptations for browsing Twitter.
Mood
Lmao so true
That's why I don't.
My adaptation is pretty *basic* - don't take it seriously and just laugh at toxic pits
And twitch and TH-cam
"... that have been SHOWN to kill other similar species of fish within an hour"
Am I the only one who feels sorry for those fishronauts?
TheNothingChannel I feel sorry to
The cover animal screams “peace was never an option”
Lesser flamingos sound like awesome flamingos.
@Ferd Ferd.D that would make a cool Pokemon name
@@anshumankumar1238 hum... toxic/flying?? fire /flying?
Lessmingo
It's been -one week- theorized that the phoenix of myth was actually based on the flamingo. Gotta say, that make a lot of sense.
Really!? Do you have a link?
Flamingos are actually named after phoenixes, they are in the phoenicpoteridae (apologies if I misspell that) bird family, so called after the phoenix
@@josjoererg: In addition to being highly informative on the subject, your thumbnail is also very apropos, so @Kevin Dohring, I'd listen to Josie if I were you.
Just barely missed the cut for the lake compilation huh
Yeah SciShow has decided its lake week.
There must've been a few runner ups that didnt made the cut so they're giving them their special. So, Lake Week it is
Enjoying how this "Alkaline water" trend is uh, *pretty basic*
*"buh dum tiss"*
Go sit in a corner
@@biggusdickusiv5883 nice! I had a vewy gweat fwiend in Wome called Biggus Dickus. Hmm intewesting name!
Basically, I find it stupid
This is so clever, yet simple.
But that might be the acid talking 🤣
Alcolapia? I thought was a tilapia with a drinking problem! **BADOOM TSST!**
I'll show myself out.
*Oh my god no...* I just realized thanking the patrons is literally a modern day "... and contributions to your local PBS stations by viewers like you. Thank you." And now I will never not see it like this
You are so spot on. I remember hearing that line quite often.
They should do it again
How do I say "duh" in a less derisive manner?
Please do a video like this on organisms of the tundra. I worked several years on the Canadian tundra, very near the Arctic Circle, and the environmental techs in our camp taught me a lot about how life is really teaming there - just mostly on a very tiny scale. What looks like moss is actually a banzai forest of tiny plants, moss, bugs, and a lot of little creatures. The bigger animals there have to cover a lot of ground to find enough food, and dive through the snow in super cold temps to find it. When the temps get below -50 C, gasoline turns to slush and diesel turns to jello, but arctic fox, and wolverines, just hunker down and somehow survive. I wish I had taken notes.
Hank, you've gotten a great tan through covid
It's incredible how diverse lifeforms can get.
Fun fact: "Natron" is the German word for baking soda (NaHCO3)
I couldn't find a credible source for the name of the lake. But Tanzania was part of German East Africa, so it's very possible the lake was originally named in German. Though probably not after baking soda, but after soda ash.
NATRON IS Washing soda... sodium carbonate not baking soda... Na2CO3 not NaHCO3
I was thinking the name sounded sodium-related
Indeed the Na periodic symbol for Sodium comes from lake Natron.
Actually the whole etymology for it goes back through Latin and Greek to Egyptian, as they collected the natural soda ash to use in mummification
The origin of the word "natron" comes from the ancient Egyptian language, specifically the word ntryt, which meant "divine" or "sacred". Natron salt is sodium bicarbonate, you can make it at home by boiling table salt with sodium carbonate, aka baking soda (they'll have a fizzy reaction together). Natron was used in all kinds of ritual purposes, as it was believed to be a pure and holy substance. It was used to preserve their dead in one of the steps of mummification. Fun fact: Egyptians often replaced many of the dead's organs with onions, which were similarly sacred, most notably the dead's eyes were replaced with small onions. After removing the organs, draining the blood, and desiccating the corpse with natron, they would then replace some of the organs, bind its feet, wrap it in linen strips and paint it with resin. And that's before the Opening of the Mouth and other ceremonies!
I just tasked myself with finding an instructive video on Lake Natron. It was .... depressing, but not surprising. Firstly, THIS is the best video, the most informative, the least patronizing of our intelligence and the most respectful of its audience wanting to actually LEARN. But the rest? Well, there's a lot of crap out there - a huge reliance on clickbait, on stock imagery, on over-the-top narration or absolutely soulless narration by heartless content-generating outfits. SciShow and Hank, you're a gem.
The toughest animals are the ones that live deep in the ocean, they can withstand so much pressure it’s fascinating
You made this comment before you watched the video, didn't you
that's not really an accurate measure for toughness, it would be better to consider the range between the lowest and highest pressures an animal can handle without suffering permanent damage.
I wouldn't call Jellyfish tough. Some are resilient, some have the potential of living forever, but they aren't what you'd consider tough.
It’s also worth considering that most of those deep sea animals turns into jelly when pulled out of the the water
No, the toughest animals are tardigrades. Seriously, how the f*ck do you kill those little sh*ts!?
Even as a chemist, it's hard for me to conceptually picture what being '1,000x more basic than water' is and what that really means for the lake
If I am understanding it correctly, it would have a PH of 10 or 11 compared to the typical PH of normal healthy lake water ( about a 6).
It has 1000x the number of OH- ions normal water has.Did you forget the PH scale is not linear?
it has three zeros, so it's probably a lot
Chat....
@@Vaprous IIRC, neutral is 7, and since it's orders of magnitude, you would be looking at PH 10 to get 1000X more basic. If it's neutral at 6, then your talking about PH 9. (HS chemistry was a little over 30 years ago, I'm not willing to claim I'm right about where "neutral" is.)
Those fish would probably be pretty good at League of Legends. You’ve got to have special adaptations to survive that level of toxicity.
Scientist:
"How can they drink boiling water? This is impossible!"
Same scientist same evening:
"*Sip sip* mmm tea... :-DDD"
#gofigure
Tea ain’t boiling when you drink it mate
I forget which temp exactly, but it was coffee somethin' over 120 Fahrenheit that caused severe 3rd degree burns on Stella in the McDonald's lawsuit. So, go ahead and drink tea hot enough to cook your thyroid, pal. Have fun with that.
@@hauntedshadowslegacy2826 It was 190F, while most places serve their coffee at 160F. It's the difference between 3 seconds to cause severe burns and 20 seconds.
Everyone likes to laugh at "Hur hur, stupid lady sued because she spilled coffee on herself," and they forget the woman was 79 and burned badly enough that most of her damages went to paying for medical care and a live-in nurse until she died back in '04.
@@howeyyadoing9070 But it is pretty close when served. We use different adaptations though, such as blowing on it, or letting it cool down.
Neat to learn about how nature thrives in exotic circumstances! Thanks for uploading!
"How they do this is not clear " but you know what is. Birds don't give a single damn
The raptors of old aren't retiring yet. They will continue to wing it.
They were dinosaurs. They haven't forgotten and they don't want us to forget either.
Chicken: who are you?
T. rex: I'm you but stronger...and on crack.
@@ethanharrydu So t-rex is the Florida Man of chicken?
@@BarbarianGod: Spend any amount of time around chickens and you'll come to realize that it's the other way around. Chickens are the florida man of T-rex. Why? Because chickens still believe that they're T-rex, and some of them will attack anything and everything on sight to prove it.
Fascinating. Thanks for your great videos.
I visited Lake Nakuru in Kenya. The salt lakes are truly a marvel to behold. It was very surreal crunching our way over the salt deposits to get a good look at the flamingos.
The lesser Falmingo would be such a cool Water/Fire type pokemon
4:13 C'mon guys, 'Young Lesser Flamingos'?
You're just asking for the Great Flamingo Revolt of late 2020!
Itd be consistent with 2020
damn it really is the end-times, even the flamingos are rioting!
#FlamingoLivesMatter
Albert
Lesser Flamingo- "The heat never bothered me anyway." 😂
Thanks for the knowledge
Im STILL heartbroken over documentary footage of baby flamingos with their legs encrusted in salt/minerals; a death sentence.
...and this is why I watch TH-cam, great content, thank you for sharing!
SciShow: Here are some flamingos
Me:
あなた フラフラフラ フラミンゴ
2:21 Flameingo is the first Water/Fire type non-legendary Pokemon!
Pretty cool!
I wonder why the algae is red
They produce a red pigment called phycoerythrin (PE) to do photosynthesis. PE is also used for antibody labelling, as it is a very bright fluorescent molecule.
source: I used such antibodies for flow cytometry.
It's not what turns the flamingos pink though, that's a mix of PE, zeaxanthin and carotenoids (red, orange, yellow/orange).
--Jokingly--
Itz amgree algea...
@@Tinky1rs appreciate you
@@Tinky1rs Some plants also use red pigment for photosynthesis. Is it better in very strong radiation environments, or is it just what they happened to evolve to use?
@@Nerobyrne it has more to do with light wave length from the Sun in that region of the globe, hence why some plants / fruit, etc. are red (like tomatos).
Came for the high PH fish, stayed for the absolutely metal flamingos
LOVE that John Darnielle/The Mountain Goats t-shirt, Hank!!!
Everyone is a king in his own alkaline lake.
Except when someone else start mining there.
Lesser Flamingos? Whoever named them must love RPG naming scheme
sounds warm, like red chicken soup
This week I got a super cool video about a cool lake on eons and on scishow ♥️
Imagine being such a bad ass that you can drink boiling water without side effects.
*Boiling water with almost battery electrolyte
Me living in iraq where 55 c° is normal in summer : Are we Unbelievably Tough?
Yes.
Yes you are.
me looking out the window where a little bit of rain falls so glad i dont live in 55 c i would literly die thats to hot for me
Flamingoes are thought by some to be the origin of the phoenix legend.
"ooooh!!! Natron!!!" - The Carry On film that never was... :P
Love these weird places episodes
Haven't watched Scishow in a while, but it's nice to see this guy is still the same
You guys love your lakes
Thought flamingo were pink from eating shrimp. Do they seek out/thrive on foods that make them pink ?
Lesser Flamingo eat different things that give them their colors. Typical (common) flamingos eat shrimp to get their colors but not these guys.
Flamingos in zoos have shrimp-derived dye added to their food to keep their color.
Source: Used to work in a zoo with flamingos.
yeah, that's interesting. common flamingos eat shrimp, those hardcore lesser flamingos eat algea. but at the end of the day they are both pink.
what's even more interesting - can we feed them something with blue coloring in it (safe for consumption of course) to make blue flamingos?
@@polina-rs4lr I think it depends on the die but it could be possible but I won't think it'll end well.
@@polina-rs4lr that might make them not mate anymore.
Would be funny to have an LGBT-flamingo herd in your yard ^^
OMG, we're at Lake Natron! *#Basic**!!!*
Hank pronounced "niche" correctly! What world am I in?! Have I wandered through a transdimensional gate?
*falls off chair* as per my contractual obligations.
First, Fact Fiend and now SciShow is talking about the badass Flamingos. Nice.
Flamingos are a lot more hardcore than I thought.... I thought they were just silly looking goofy birds, not guys who can drink BOILING WATER
Oh my god, it's the Possum Mountain Goats shirt!
I have been observed drinking near boiling water from teacups with little to no ill effect. How 'bout that? ;)
Odds are it wasn’t nearly as hot as you think it was.
"How 'bout that?"🤣🤣🤣🤣Reminds me of when bhad Barbie said that on Dr Phil
Scientists should look into this. The flamingoes probably use tea cups as well. They stand on one leg, and hold a little tea cup with the other foot.
It is probably because you are sipping it which comes with air that cools it down?
@@eljanrimsa5843 with their littlest toe pointing upward, of course.
You don't need to change, it's boring being the same, Flamingo- Oh oh, oOOooh
He said fishes at 1:48. I just outsmarted the smartest man/science expert!!!!
the mountain goats shirt 👌🤧👏🙌
love the goats shirt, WOOHOO
cool tmg shirt, Hank
“Touchin it is severely painful for humans.” Did someone test that? I’m not sure if it would surprise me if someone really did
Africa has so many natural wonders, a gene sequencing project that takes on the fauna of the different ecosystems in Africa can teach us a lot about the mysteries of human biology and aging.
Nope
Umm.. how? What makes Africa so special if this was even the case, when all of the continents (save for maybe Antarctica) have an immense plethora of various ecosystems, and their fair share of unique flora and fauna?
Aaah, flamingos, my favorite extremophiles
Surely the water is open burning , those fish are surviving and they also deliciously, natives who are living nearby are fishing, in the year 2008 I visited the place. I am Tanzanian.
I clicked on this because I recognise Natron from my instructions for mummification, and was not disappointed.
Egyptian”s we’re referring to flamingos in their legends about the phoenix rising from its own ashes. In keeping with this “flamingo” means “flame colored. Harry Potter fans, take notice.
While you're right that myths of the phoenix began in Egypt, the Egyptian phoenix was called the "Bennu", in reference to the benben mound which Ra was born on out of the Nu, or the void. The bennu bird was said to contain the ba, or soul, of Ra, the god of the sun. Art of the Bennu bird depicts it as a heron, as there was a large, human-sized species of heron that once existed in Egypt. Egyptians did not associate flamingos with bennu birds, even though flamingos were common in Egypt (and I believe Lake Natron is named in reference to the salt Egyptians used to preserve their dead, which was called natron). The concept of the bennu bird dying and resurrecting are borrowed from the mythology of Ra, who was said to die when the sun went down only to be born anew as the sun rose in the morning - this is where the immortal, reincarnating phoenix comes from (as Greeks got their inspiration for the phoenix from the Egyptians). Also, phoenix means "blood-red", from the same root as the Phoenician culture from the Bronze Age.
Smooth transition to the Patreon plug there. XD
Are you... tan??
Flamingo: Normal flamingo
The cooler flamingo: Lesser Flamingo
lmaooo I found this ep because I'm reading the Alcolapia paper too prepare for my project with one of the authors I feel like a real scientist now 😭
I LOVE MISSOULA!!!
Petition to rename the 'Lesser Flamingo' to 'Spicy Boi Flamingo', let's make it happen.
Or really, the Greater Flamingo.
Because let's face it, these things are way more badass than Common Flamingos.
2:22 - I don't think that the Greater Flamingo (Phoenicopterus roseus) or the Superior Flamingo (Phoenicopterus bogus) would agree with that statement!
Dang, I was hoping my Alkaline-water-algae-mat-loving shore flies, the subject of my thesis project, would be included in this vid. I’m fairly certain they (and some extremophile fairy shrimp) are what the fish and flamingoes are eating!
Aren't those flies only live in Lake Mono?
@@farizkeren5730 No, I have collected them from an alkaline lake in eastern Alberta, Canada. So the distribution must be wider than that.
@@aLime404 Just checking it out, and you're right. Apparently the population is spread out across western US all the way to Canada and Mexico. Lake Mono just happened to host a large number of them. Apparently the pupal stage is edible.
May I ask what kind of project are you working on? Just curious.
@@farizkeren5730 I am working on the evolutionary relationships in that family using full genome data, beginning with a closely related genus to the mono lake fly called Paracoenia.
@@aLime404 Nice. Thanks for satisfying my curiosity, by the way
Flamingoes go hard
famingos can breed in artifitial salt pans. we have one two blocks from my house with the lesser and greater flamingo.
If you see this, please explain “artificial salt pans” - TY
Hank your tan looks good. It's rare to see a ginger with such a great tan.
Very informative, and awesome but....
ALKALYN?!?!?!
these fish remind me of the Shining gourani from Toriko.
There are so many very unique species in tiny niches on this planet so it is shameful we are killing them by the thousands.
So very sad how greedy, ignorant, careless and selfish we humans can be to the others wonders that exist and have existed on this earth. It's like we're the disease infecting this planet and it's the host.
I've been there! Well...close enough to see it, anyway (it wasn't pink then, as I visited just after one of the rainy seasons, so the water level was rather high, and the alkalinity was rather low). I visited Tanzania to climb the volcano you can see in a couple of the images in the video, Ol Doinyo Lengai, which is only itself a few km from the lake. This is actually the source of the alkaline minerals that turn this lake into a caustic hellhole - it erupts a VERY unique magma* that contains almost no silica material _(note to SciShow people - this is a VERY interesting volcano...it might be worth doing an EPISODE on!)_ ...the magma is called natrocarbonatite (usually, it erupts in lava flows, but it has some historical explosive eruptions too), which erupts black (it glows red at night, though you can't see this black body radiation in sunlight), turns white on exposure to rain, or even just the moisture in the air for a couple of days, and gradually weathers to a brown, sandy material over a period of a few months. As the lava and volcanic ash is highly soluble in water, it does tend to contaminate all shallow water sources (though there are equilibrium considerations to be sure - it can't build up indefinitely...if the concentration gets high enough, it will start to precipitate). The village of Engare Sero is fortunate that there is a deeper groundwater source in the area that is uncontaminated by these (toxic - at these high concentrations at least) carbonate ions - it exists below an impermeable cap of rock that prevents meteoric water from percolating into it, taking with it the sodium carbonate from the surface.
*This natrocarbonatite is ONLY erupted (right now) at this one location...and the vast majority of the small number of total known places where this magma has been erupted in the past are around, and south of Lake Natron.
Karibu tena Tanzania.
@@sirbeat1 Asante sana.
Man this is one of the biggest proofs of evolution
Never clicked so fast in my life, love me some flamingos 🦩
I could handle it!
Welcome to the English language where the plural of "fish" is "fish" but the plural of "fish" is "fishes."
Is it me or does it seem like hank has been out in the sun for a while
This lake is something we'd see on Venus and then say "no wonder there is no life on Venus."
Let's let that sink in😂
see now I want an ice flamingo pokemon that's got an ability that renders Fire-type moves(and Scald) ineffective. Oh, and stat wise make it an offensive mon.
Flamingos are so metal
Last time i was this early
The lake did not exist
1:05 "the toxic environment they call home" :D
Y’all really letting my man dress like that ong. Give him a raise to get well dressed ,my g come on imma show this to my children to learn , love ur show fr no bs.
The info on the flamingo sounds like something from a Pokedex description
Nature: "So we have a boiling lake that will mummify your remains."
Animals: _Adapt._
Nature: "Wait, that's illegal."
But you JUST released a lakes compilation
Me: Wow this lake is so toxic but life still evolved to live in it!! Good thing the lake is so nasty humans would never mess it up.
Other humans: Soda ash mines go here.
Right!!!
See, if life can thrive there, i think life could exist anywhere
Woah
And yet, when looking for life on other worlds, these conditions are labeled as "impossible"
mmkay.
That bird has sith eyes
Africa is the coolest continent, the diversity in that continent alone is crazy!!!
💜💜💜
Flamingos are cool! #LakeNatron