Sarah Paine EP 2: Why Japan Lost (Lecture & Interview)

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  • เผยแพร่เมื่อ 26 ม.ค. 2025

ความคิดเห็น • 340

  • @DwarkeshPatel
    @DwarkeshPatel  วันที่ผ่านมา +347

    Hey everyone, I re-uploaded this episode because the original version described seppuku in a way that got it age restricted.
    US high schools already trust students to learn about kamikazes and seppuku.
    History contains some bad things! I don’t think TH-cam endorses hiding this, and I hope they won't this time!

    • @mspaint93
      @mspaint93 วันที่ผ่านมา +12

      Yeah! I downloaded and found hours later I has to click permission to watch. Really silly.

    • @TW---
      @TW--- วันที่ผ่านมา +6

      ​@@mspaint93Gosh! I sure hope you weren't incredibly inconvenienced by having to tap another button.

    • @mspaint93
      @mspaint93 วันที่ผ่านมา +7

      @@TW--- Haha nah, not to say it was inconvenient! Only whining TH-cam is silly, that as a grown adult you have to select consciously to watch content that even recognizes self-exiting.

    • @saira._.elizabeth
      @saira._.elizabeth วันที่ผ่านมา +1

      ⁠@@TW--- Gosh! that took a turn …

    • @2kt2000
      @2kt2000 วันที่ผ่านมา +2

      @@TW--- The pain mspain must have went through. We should set up a Gofund acct. to get em back on their feet. I had to click permission on the 1st upload too, now I'll probably be outta work for a year to deal with the trauma. I literally had to use my FINGER to touch another button..my finger for goodness sake! HELP!!! I'm being "finger abused". It hurts...its hurts man!!

  • @ronaldgum6409
    @ronaldgum6409 20 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +108

    She has come to my attention about 3 or 4 days ago and I can't stop watching her. She is so knowledgeable about history. I love listening to her.

    • @RasmusDyhrFrederiksen
      @RasmusDyhrFrederiksen 16 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +5

      Sarah CM Paine and Stephen Kotkin - outstanding scholars.

    • @nyydk42
      @nyydk42 12 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +4

      She’s fantastic at getting to root causes and quickly

    • @LizStaples
      @LizStaples 4 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +1

      She is also a great communicator, she’s able to relay that historical knowledge in a way that even a layman like myself can absorb and retain and that is a remarkable skill.

  • @FrostSylph
    @FrostSylph 22 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +46

    I love these lectures because they talk a lot about the cultural and political reasons for the military approach of the Axis powers and why that led to failure, instead of just listing the mistakes that lost them the war. There's so often people going "well the germans/japanese could have won WW2 if they just did X or didn't do Y" but that kind of thinking ignores the reasons that led them to make those decisions, and so the path that would lead them to victory isn't a matter of just not making certain decisions but would require a change in the underlying social structure that would make people choose those decisions.

  • @justinbougher1465
    @justinbougher1465 7 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +7

    I’ll never get enough of Sarah Paine.

  • @alexwright4538
    @alexwright4538 วันที่ผ่านมา +26

    I am a huge fan of Sarah Paine's lectures and Q+A!! She is brilliant!!

  • @eisensturm2199
    @eisensturm2199 วันที่ผ่านมา +52

    One of the things in your line of questioning about why the Japanese go ahead with the attack on Pearl Harbor is that it forgets Japanese military success using similar opening gambits before. Particularly in the Russo-Japanese war, Japan is able to launch a surprise attack that cripples their opponent (Russia) who is put in an untenable tactical/operational situation which eventually leads to a negotiated peace favorable to Japan. What the Japanese failed to understand is that the US did not have the other immediate concerns that would make such a settlement palatable to the US. They were essentially running a playbook that had worked very well for them for the past 50 or so years and didn't understand how the US would react differently.

    • @johnprice7516
      @johnprice7516 18 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +5

      to add to your thought, there goal was truly to get America to plea to Japan and give them there foreign trade back. gas, crude, coal, or anything to keep the industrial war machine going
      but, Japan never had a chance to truly harm the American homeland or any of it infrastructure. what's the point of sinking half are west fleet when they couldn't confirm the destruction of it... in one year over half were fixed, by the end of war all but 2 ships were fixed...

    • @dennishealy3305
      @dennishealy3305 14 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +1

      I don’t fully agree with your point. The Japanese military obsessive government was not totally ignorant about the risk filled military actions that they had decided to embark upon. The military leader who had conceived the strategy of attacking Pearl Harbor to achieve a quick knockout blow was also very clear and vocal about his cautionary stance in regard to the only possible way to defeat the American juggernaut. He also prophetically stated that to attack Pearl Harbor would be “awakening the sleeping giant” of the American people. He also stated that the Japanese military must be able to defeat the American forces in less than 6 months if ever to achieve success. He was very correct in his advice to the governing military body, so they were fully knowledgeable and chose to arrogantly ignore the clear warning given to them by their own trusted military leader. So how and why did Yamamoto so confidently make his warning about this decision to foolishly attack a nation larger and more resource enriched? He had lived in the USA for years and had come to understand and very much respected the mindset of the American people that his own government dispelled as weak pleasure seekers

    • @E_Bailey
      @E_Bailey 7 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

      You raise a good point with the Russo-Japanese War. It's not that crazy to look at how the Russian Tzarist military was a basket case, and figure that the Americans could be all bark, no bite. Yeah, they COULD be an economic juggenaught, but so COULD the Russians. Instead, the Russians lost their Pacific Fleet, then hobbled the Baltic Fleet ponderously to the other side of the world, which the Japanese promptly obliterated. Perhaps the Americans get punched at Pearl Harbor, and being arrogant Westerners, then send a ponderous fleet to reclaim the Philippines. That fleet gets smoked, America doesn't really think of the Philippines as a part of itself, and Japan can offer terms that Americans can accept, especially now that they don't "need" American oil so much.

    • @milesbowen9433
      @milesbowen9433 2 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

      You’re totally right. It’s easy to look back and say “what were they thinking?” The same thing they were thinking against the Russians or the Chinese

    • @CPJ
      @CPJ 43 นาทีที่ผ่านมา

      @@dennishealy3305this is a very good addition to the overall point here- and Dr. Paine talked at length about this. While I do not know what internal Japanese estimations of success were for prior opening gambits, I do know, thanks to this wonderful lecture/interview, that more than one prominent member of the Japanese high command understood the long odds they were facing. It was not going to be easy, but a degree of optimism dwelt in the hearts of said command and the call to attack was made.
      And the rest is history, so passionately and carefully conveyed here in this wonderful TH-cam video. Thanks @Dwarkesh, you’re the man.

  • @subhranshudas8862
    @subhranshudas8862 19 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +9

    I absolutely love Sarah, would be a total blast sitting in her lectures.

  • @shunlunwong2630
    @shunlunwong2630 วันที่ผ่านมา +45

    Ms Paine is such a great lecturer and speaker!!! Love her!

    • @saltynutzz
      @saltynutzz 14 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +1

      She's an effective and clear communicator which I love. And she doesn't sugarcoat things or make it into something that is not. I love how well researched she is as well obviously it's her job I get that but it's just so deep.

  • @ChaoMung-t9u
    @ChaoMung-t9u วันที่ผ่านมา +47

    Thank you for reuploading!!

  • @scottrankine2674
    @scottrankine2674 13 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +8

    Clever presentation. One comment on Buddhism. The first noble truth is that existence is Dukkha which is usually translated as 'suffering' but a better rendering would be dissatisfaction based on the observation that everything is impermanent and changing. A subtle but important distinction.

    • @altaydogahan342
      @altaydogahan342 7 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +1

      It might be but it's still pessimistic. I knew of that fact but it didn't take away from her points. Fun fact. The academic philosophy of pessimism is primarily inspired by Buddhism.

  • @JeremyMyser
    @JeremyMyser 23 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +25

    I don't know if you're playing devil's advocate or not, but I think the Q+A time showed too much hubris and optimism of human nature; a tendency that is unfortunately common to our time. All the questions about "what didn't they know", or "would this decision change outcomes" miss the mark. People in earlier times weren't dumber or less enlightened than us. We're not morally superior.
    I loved listening to Professor Paine talk as she really understood this. The value in looking at these things is not to figure out why they don't think like us because we obviously wouldn't get into these messes; the point is that we WILL get into these messes and we need to be prepared to make the best decision in a list of horrible decisions.

  • @capnstewy55
    @capnstewy55 วันที่ผ่านมา +21

    I am weirdly excited for this.

  • @LarsRyeJeppesen
    @LarsRyeJeppesen วันที่ผ่านมา +17

    Yes! Now I can kiss my sleep goodbye. Awesome

  • @Fuzzy_Man-B00bs
    @Fuzzy_Man-B00bs วันที่ผ่านมา +10

    Thank you so much for these interviews Dwarkesh Patel, I also enjoyed you having asianometry on your show, and I would like to see him as a guest again, and/or Dylan Patel!

  • @andrewdewit4711
    @andrewdewit4711 23 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +3

    History matters, and especially the historical context. Professor Paine speaks as an informed realist.

  • @Smrt927
    @Smrt927 21 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +8

    Just in time for more half-court tennis tarrifs.

  • @TonkarzOfSolSystem
    @TonkarzOfSolSystem 17 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +9

    1:23:08 It should be clarified that Smoot-Hawley was not an oil embargo. It had tariffs on a lot of goods especially food. This resulted in a massive trade war and a general breakdown in international trade.
    Sarah’s position is that Japan then decided that they need to invade Manchuria to access resources, especially food.
    As a result of Japan’s invasion of Manchuria, the US placed an oil embargo on Japan.
    It’s important to keep this series of events straight because it can be confusing.

    • @WongPeter-tx7qq
      @WongPeter-tx7qq 12 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

      She seems to suggest that that the embargo makes the invasion of Manchuria legitimate and her idea that Japan invaded China for the purpose of warding off communism and stabilizing China are ridiculous.

    • @bolivar2153
      @bolivar2153 10 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

      "As a result of Japan’s invasion of Manchuria, the US placed an oil embargo on Japan."
      The oil embargo was a reaction to the Japanese occupation of French Indochina, not Manchuria.

    • @goldcomet5
      @goldcomet5 4 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +2

      @@WongPeter-tx7qq I font think she ever argues for legitimacy, in general she doesn't focus a lot on the morality of various actions taken in war. At one point he tries to say something about war being more civilized in recent times and she rejects that immediately. My understanding of her point isn't that the tariffs gave Japan some right to invade Manchuria, but rather that they were a failure on the part of the United States to consider the implications of their choice on the wider world. It doesn't make Japans actions more moral or justified, but it was still an incident that she argues led Japan to make the decisions that it did.

    • @LizStaples
      @LizStaples 4 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

      @@WongPeter-tx7qqshe’s not saying this is the “justified cause” she’s explaining the thinking of the leadership who go on to make those decisions. If the leadership had an isolationist bent they maybe could have closed Japan off (as it was during edo period) but that was unlikely the islands were not self sufficient at that point.

    • @LizStaples
      @LizStaples 4 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

      @@bolivar2153I think both were taken at the same time thus the confusion.

  • @canada-mike
    @canada-mike 12 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +3

    Living in Japan for 20+ years, it's incredible to see how much this mentality still controls Japanese work and social dynamics today.

  • @olgglo
    @olgglo 7 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +1

    I have such enormous, inhumane respect for Ms Paine that I even watch her interview at 1.0 speed.

    • @pspublic13
      @pspublic13 2 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +1

      The biggest compliment of all.

  • @yakymua
    @yakymua วันที่ผ่านมา +27

    She’s amazing.

    • @tuckerbugeater
      @tuckerbugeater 19 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

      Oh yes she tells you exactly what you want to hear

  • @michaelsamardzija4504
    @michaelsamardzija4504 วันที่ผ่านมา +13

    This woman is just WOW

    • @WongPeter-tx7qq
      @WongPeter-tx7qq 12 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

      She said Japan invaded China to ward off communism! The communist part in China at that time was insignificant and the KMT was in the process of finishing it prior to Japan started the 2nd invasion. Why dragged communism into it when colonialism was still high in that period of time. Japan had colonized Korea and wanted to do the same in China. That has nothing to do with warding off communism.

  • @eeneckvet
    @eeneckvet วันที่ผ่านมา +6

    About to tune into the whole thing. Looking forward to the lecture, and really hoping that the interview questions are a lot better than Episode 1

    • @mattslowikowski3530
      @mattslowikowski3530 10 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

      What didn't you like about the first interviews questions?

  • @Protogen-ly8hw
    @Protogen-ly8hw 12 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +1

    It feels like she really enjoys herself giving lectures. I am voting for more!

  • @andriusbrah
    @andriusbrah 11 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +2

    Thanks for having her back ❤🎉😊

  • @toysoldier6093
    @toysoldier6093 วันที่ผ่านมา +10

    Commenting so that this re-upload doesn't get buried. I'm surprised that the fairly tame description of [REDACTED] was considered inappropriate.

    • @LizStaples
      @LizStaples 4 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

      So with TH-cam it isn’t that it is “inappropriate” it is that it isn’t something advertisers want their ad next to. We need to be careful to not confuse adsense censorship algorithms with a moral actor and not a machine seeking profit above all else.

  • @ziggyc3004
    @ziggyc3004 วันที่ผ่านมา +10

    Re-watch party anyone? I will do!

  • @NoonyJW
    @NoonyJW วันที่ผ่านมา +30

    Was in the middle of watching the old video now I gotta find my spot 😅

  • @tdn4773
    @tdn4773 20 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +3

    Missionaries. There were thousands of American missionaries in China. In the 1920s and 1930s American school children would go door to door collecting donations for the missions in China. During this period Shanghai was the second largest US diplomatic mission after London. Entire boatloads of hundreds of missionaries would arrive. The US build schools, hospitals, water treatment plants, etc. Some of China's top universities and hospitals today have roots in these American efforts. Americans felt an extraordinary closeness to Chinese people. The "Good Earth" novel about the struggles of Chinese peasants was the bestselling novel in the US in 1931 and 1932. Madame Chiang (Soong Mei-ling) appeared on the cover of "Time" magazine in 1941 and 1937. Americans loved China.

    • @HaloFTW55
      @HaloFTW55 4 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

      It helped that Madam Chiang spoke English with a American Southern accent that she acquired while studying in the US, nowhere else in the world had that kind of accent so that endeared her to the American people more.

  • @SleepPara
    @SleepPara 2 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +1

    How do you get to be in the audience for these lectures?

  • @emperorofeastica
    @emperorofeastica 28 นาทีที่ผ่านมา

    Sarah Paine is someone I could just talk to for days on end. She’d be such an interesting person to hangout with

  • @jeffharmed1616
    @jeffharmed1616 18 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +1

    Thought provoking thanks.
    What also struck me is Sarah Paine’s deep absorption of the East philosophy into her own way of thinking - descending the “simple, complex, simple, complex etc” which is what one Chinese wise man (Wang?!) said of delving into problems.

    • @LizStaples
      @LizStaples 4 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

      You get a glimpse into the depth of her understanding when she gestures that while other cultures of Asia share some norms they have their own underpinnings

  • @bobk1845
    @bobk1845 22 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +4

    Besides being a fascinating lecturer she does something unheard of on the web. She will say she doesn’t know some answers.

  • @Dr.Berrel
    @Dr.Berrel 22 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +2

    wake up new sarah paine lecture just dropped.

  • @grantsnell6782
    @grantsnell6782 18 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +2

    Excellent video! Thanks!

  • @SilverScarletSpider
    @SilverScarletSpider วันที่ผ่านมา +8

    9:45 If Japan 🇯🇵 Bushido has 3 pillars: Buddhism, Shinto, Confucianism, would it be fair to say China 🇨🇳 three pillars are: Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism?

    • @Commieboi16
      @Commieboi16 19 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +5

      I would say China has never had anything that's analogous to Bushido. There was never a established warrior class like the Samurai & going into the 20th century the ROC was already an officially secular state. Realistically the kind of dutiful adherence to an ideology wasn't a thing until communism.

    • @kidd32888
      @kidd32888 17 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +1

      No. Especially most Chinese are atheist

    • @altaydogahan342
      @altaydogahan342 7 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +1

      #1 is Legalism, then Confucianism which is more the social side, Buddhism mixed with folk beliefs and some Taoism is on the aesthetic and spiritual side.

  • @gumbotime9564
    @gumbotime9564 วันที่ผ่านมา +85

    Why reupload?

    • @TheRoleplayer40k
      @TheRoleplayer40k วันที่ผ่านมา +26

      Cause they got demontized I think

    • @ChaoMung-t9u
      @ChaoMung-t9u วันที่ผ่านมา +19

      TH-cam messed up and added Age Restrictions

    • @slavage3m
      @slavage3m วันที่ผ่านมา +6

      YT doesn't care about 1a

    • @DwarkeshPatel
      @DwarkeshPatel  วันที่ผ่านมา +151

      The previous video was unfortunately age-restricted due to the discussion of seppuku. We've removed about a minute from this version, but you can still find the uncut version on all the other platforms!

    • @davidbrunnerchemeng
      @davidbrunnerchemeng วันที่ผ่านมา +37

      ​@DwarkeshPatel the paternalistic attitude of youtube is very frustrating :(

  • @Luca.Bruschetta
    @Luca.Bruschetta วันที่ผ่านมา +9

    The queen 👑

  • @ajowilk
    @ajowilk 12 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

    Thank you so much for this series with Dr. Paine. I’m about to go check out her books next

  • @JamesZaworski
    @JamesZaworski 3 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

    One would hope to have such a knowledgeable and insightful individual in one's own government.

  • @mikehunt9392
    @mikehunt9392 19 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +2

    Also, Sarah, one more question the battle of cannae the actual logistics of killing that many people with swords,bows and arrows ,shields ,clubs, the pure logistics even if you use the lowest possible numbers is absolutely horrifying Hannibal‘s army would’ve never been the same from a psychological point, also Romans that survived and had watched the carnage or at least as much as they could see through the fog and heard must’ve completely changed them forever in my opinion it was explains why Hannibal‘s army couldn’t finish the job and also why the Romans were so brutal in their retaliation thank you so much for everything you do. Your mind works in such a beautiful way.❤

  • @somtimesieat2411
    @somtimesieat2411 19 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +1

    Thank you for the reupload! TH-cam is awful for educational content restrictions

  • @Tekorekore
    @Tekorekore 22 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +2

    That Musashi quote was all about principles. The principles required to defeat 10 enemies is the same as 10,000.

    • @jcortese3300
      @jcortese3300 6 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +1

      Yep. And it's still wrong.

  • @hmhbanal
    @hmhbanal 19 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +1

    This is a must watch for war enthusiasts, especially the Japanese.

    • @syjiang
      @syjiang 18 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +1

      Perhaps not "war enthusiast" . Nobody should be enthusiastic about war. Military history enthusiast

    • @akshay-kumar-007
      @akshay-kumar-007 17 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +1

      Japanese are certified war deniers. Part of the reasons are discussed indirectly in lecture itself.
      Pretty sure this kind of videos are not recommended by algo in Japan. Also it's in English

  • @abodz9702
    @abodz9702 16 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

    Sarah Paine's interpretation of WWII is definitely very interesting and entertaining.

  • @PhysioAl1
    @PhysioAl1 8 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +1

    Great content 👌

  • @mrinank8494
    @mrinank8494 21 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +3

    Appreciate your questions on her methodology, maybe dont cater to that much alternate history, ask the host to share alt hist if necessary

  • @predragtolmachev3883
    @predragtolmachev3883 12 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +1

    Everyone working some job in foreign affairs, diplomacy, or ambassadorial work needs to listen and take notes

  • @BuffaloBob-og
    @BuffaloBob-og 9 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +1

    I always look forward to her lectures and interviews.
    Where can I find more of her besides the Naval War Institute and your channel?

  • @JR-bj3uf
    @JR-bj3uf 5 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

    I tried to read Musahi"s book on tactics called The Five Rings. It's very Japanese culturally and difficult to pin down. Musashi is venerated because he fought many duels and because his fierce surprise attacks was victorious. There is a story where he fought a prince and his body guard using only a wooden sword. These attacks emphasized fierceness and timing as the cause for the victory. Musahi also equates warfare with other pursuits such as art, music and poetry all which rely on perfect timing to be successful. He believed that a small dedicated force could defeat a larger force if timing and choice of battle filed was on the attacker's side.

  • @PatricKlein86
    @PatricKlein86 10 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

    You definitely earned a subscriber Mr. Patel. Bravo!

  • @jimaholic
    @jimaholic 13 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

    So nice, I watched it twice! ✌️

  • @NickHammer99
    @NickHammer99 วันที่ผ่านมา +2

    Idc that is a reupload. Ill watch it again!

  • @pujanshah7868
    @pujanshah7868 13 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +2

    If just look at my feed on youtube it just feels like Dwarkesh just owns Sarah Paine 😂 every second video features her.

  • @BirdDogey1
    @BirdDogey1 13 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +1

    Great lecture

  • @tocreatee3585
    @tocreatee3585 21 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +2

    the concept of "will power" is called 精神論 in japanese.
    its a way to force or coarse subordinates to do impossible tasks.
    a very useful concept for superiors in any organization rooted in seniority and confucianism.
    i think modernization and democracy turned it into some kind of elitism.
    not necessarily unique to japan, but all over east asia. and still alive, even in pop culture, from "senpai" anime to worshiping Kpop idols .
    japanese military just used it as a tool. it was the earliest way to convince japanese was "bushido" ,because everyone farm boy want to be samurai, the ultimate elit in the eyes Japanese commoners.

  • @camilordofficial
    @camilordofficial 7 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

    i liked dwarkesh asked the next question, and pushed the ideas further. The thing about the sanctions and what's the end game if it does not change minds it just makes people poor, great one!

  • @shad00w239
    @shad00w239 วันที่ผ่านมา +2

    I LOVE THIS!

  • @lostchingu6120
    @lostchingu6120 11 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +2

    SARAH PAINE FOR PRESIDENT

  • @bmunson4920
    @bmunson4920 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +1

    ‘….a bonsai charge?…’ so the Japanese military employed gardening clubs?

  • @Victor-lr2xr
    @Victor-lr2xr 5 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

    Excellent presentation. I watched the video on Admiral Ugaki's diary and your explanation matches him. Another influence I noticed was the Russo-Japanese war and its outcome. Japan's sneak attack destroyed Russia's Pacific Fleet. Then Japan destroyed the rest of Russia's Fleet. The war ended with diplomacy This scenario is what Japan wanted in WW2. Admiral Ugaki kept looking for a decisive battle that would bring the USA to the negotiating table and end the war. Never happened.

  • @C0n7ax
    @C0n7ax 6 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

    Sarah Paine's lectures are very interesting and I appreciate that I was able to discover her through Mr. Patel. Unfortunately the interview portions come off as an adult having a discussion with an intelligent for their age, but naive child.
    The Japanese civilian government didn't control the army enough to prevent the invasion of Manchuria, how do you imagine they would be able to force the army to stop the war in China after 100s of thousands in military casualties? Half-court tennis as Mrs. Paine would call it.

  • @mikehunt9392
    @mikehunt9392 19 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +1

    Sarah, my question is about Pakistan and it’s current state fighting the Taliban if we refuse to provide aid are we in a sense supporting India?

  • @Karminion
    @Karminion 15 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

    If you're going to use time codes, 0:00 is not "Lecture begins", it's "Highlights". 0:45 is "Lecture begins" For the people who want to avoid duplicate watching it's much appreciated if you have a way to know when to skip ahead to.

    • @DwarkeshPatel
      @DwarkeshPatel  15 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +1

      Fixed!

  • @lmenascojr
    @lmenascojr 22 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +1

    Most countries that start a war and then proceed to lose continue to fight for fear of retribution from the apposing side.

  • @Sandrodziej
    @Sandrodziej 8 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +1

    She is a strategic resource of the US. Whether it understands it or not.

  • @argenireyes5954
    @argenireyes5954 วันที่ผ่านมา +1

    I love you Sarah Paine, I wish you were my Teacher.

  • @DennisSullivan-om3oo
    @DennisSullivan-om3oo วันที่ผ่านมา +3

    042.00 Hot Washes? It's called an AAR (after action review).. They ask what went went well, and what did not go well.. Everyone, even an E-1 private is encouraged to speak freely.

  • @misubi
    @misubi 11 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +4

    This dude needs to slow the F down! He talks like a rabbit on speed and it's really distracting from the guest and seriousness of the topic.

  • @galty1987
    @galty1987 วันที่ผ่านมา

    New to the channel, been hoovering up interviews at pace though... If anyone has any recommendations of their favourites, I'd be all ears... Especially if they use history to teach current geopolitics like Sarah does

  • @russellandrews1177
    @russellandrews1177 16 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

    Uttery fascinating

  • @anabh4569
    @anabh4569 22 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

    did you make any edits to the seppuku description, and if so, what were they?

  • @Regular-Sized
    @Regular-Sized 15 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +1

    Amazing lecture by Prof Paine but GOOD LORD those Q&A prompts were mind-numbing. 🙄 It’s like each one was specifically formulated to be as detached from the very basic realities of human interaction as possible.
    “I think the war could’ve been averted if these two groups of people, from vastly different cultures, with vastly different values, and speaking vastly different languages, would’ve simply communicated better.”
    😐 uhhh yea.
    There’s like 200,000+ years of human history full of violence that could’ve been avoided had we been capable of clearer communication at the time.
    I may be wrong, but something about that trend leads me to believe you miiiight not be the first person to notice better alternative decisions in hindsight...and since the ones before you clearly didn’t manage to make humanity any less violent with such *grand* revelations, our prospects for the next 250,000 years aren’t looking any less bloody than the first.
    Thankfully, people like Prof. Paine exist. We *clearly* need more educators encouraging realistic analysis if a person can be THIS confused by the nature of their own species.

  • @TheOvalOwl
    @TheOvalOwl 22 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

    love these

  • @bmunson4920
    @bmunson4920 2 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +1

    Dorkish has the geopolitical awareness of an 8 year old.

  • @thanatophoric
    @thanatophoric วันที่ผ่านมา +1

    1:05 lecture begins

  • @AlamoDon
    @AlamoDon วันที่ผ่านมา +2

    Very good

  • @QoStoOds
    @QoStoOds 4 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

    I see Paine, I click.

  • @fuzzychops8710
    @fuzzychops8710 14 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

    If you enjoyed this, Dan Carlin's "Supernova in the East" covers Japan in WW2 and it's fantastic.

  • @michaeldunne338
    @michaeldunne338 21 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

    The oil embargo for Japan is raised with regards to WW2, but the fact is the embargo was only imposed after Japan occupied S. Indochina, in August 1941. The United States was already quite unhappy about Japan occupying Tonkin in N. Indochina in September 1940.

  • @eloiseripley
    @eloiseripley 13 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +2

    17:00 , 26:56

  • @mrhay6904
    @mrhay6904 12 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +2

    Why does this guy always ask some variation of “what could the US have done differently to avoided conflict with expansionist fascist?” Like, probably nothing, my guy.

  • @dboconnor57
    @dboconnor57 18 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +2

    Patel needs to slow down and get a better grip on the material, the cultures being examined and the chronologies. Then again he is young and sounds at times like he just graduated from college. I trust he will mature as an interviewer.
    Sarah Paine is a phenomenally candid, intelligent and articulate academic.

  • @DarthPinn
    @DarthPinn วันที่ผ่านมา +5

    I don't understand why more people don't listen to Sarah Paine instead of Fox News.

  • @edwinjones7307
    @edwinjones7307 19 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

    Nice one sarah. ❤

  • @bdcochran01
    @bdcochran01 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

    Another detail. Masanobu Tsuji was the planner of the SE Asia campaign. Germany had breeched its agreement with Japan that it would not go to war against the Soviet Union without coordinating. Japan had been defeated by the Soviet Union in the late 1930s. The military viewed the options and concluded that unless it participated, the Germans would lose. However, Japan did not have enough resources to respond. The initial options were to either take years to build up the Japanese exploitation of Manchuria (conducted by the grandfather of the former JApanese prime minister who was assassinated a few years ago) or to take resources in SE Asia. It was decided at the very last minute to do the SE Asia campaign. The Japanese army from Manchuria and deployed it to SE Asia on bicycles. Where landing craft were to be used, there was no practice, but cartoon leaflets were handed out to the enlisted men.
    The US had a plan. Bombers based in the Philippines would destroy the Japanese base on Formosa from whence supplies were being sent in 1940 support the Japanese occupation of Vietnam. MacArthur went to a party on the evening of the attack on Pearl Harbor and there was no second in command. In 2024, the equivalent would be the Secretary of Defense disappearing for a while without his second in command or the White House being told where he was. So the air fleet was destroyed the next day.
    Bushido Code. Maresuke Nogi was the celebrated general from the War of 1905. When he returned to Japan, he asked permission to commit suicide. The Emperor Meji refused permission and said he could do it only after the emperor died. General Nogi was haunted by the deaths of his troops. He immediately committed suicide with his wife after the Emperor died. He didn't do it because of some concept that when the boss died, you followed.

  • @ScottBoydathome
    @ScottBoydathome วันที่ผ่านมา +2

    34:00 THE ARSENAL OF DEMOCRACY, BABY!!!

  • @joshuaphillips4604
    @joshuaphillips4604 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Might just watch the whole lecture again.

  • @thisnameisok
    @thisnameisok 8 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

    57:30 "all this bushido moral stuff" "how does it square with the behavior" - this is such a painfully worded question.
    some thoughts:
    In bushido, surrender is cowardly and a coward is the worst thing you can be. The way western war the idea of 'retiring' and perhaps trading your officers for large bounties and stopping for midday tea etc was a European way of fighting war which had evolved over time. A time Japan wasn't interacting with the world. As Sarah mentioned, to be a good warrior you needed to accomplish the task or if you didn't you should die trying. When you surrender you're not trying hard enough.
    Building on Dan Carlin's idea Japan's last major wars were all domestic wars and this is how they were fought, you slaughtered everyone and took their women and children maybe. They missed out on the mediating influences and relative contemporary way of war that was common in Europe. They emerged essentially from the 18th century into the 20th century with weapons and continued making war the way they had done internally prior to that.
    Japanese Buddhism, like bushido, was co-opted for the governments aims. The emperor, who is a deity, or at least descended from one, is telling you to protect the homeland/fight enemies etc. Therefore they're "right", the rest is simply noble action to accomplish an outcome. Buddhist practitioners would say this is not true Buddhism, however in Japan many of the Buddhist leaders encouraged the national cause (as did others). Specifically to 'defend the dharma" (righteousness).
    Using Zizek's example, in righteousness, you are not swinging the sword and killing someone, they are falling onto a sword you are holding- you are an observer of this righteous action.
    Some scholars of bushido may be able to say this was a co-opting of bushido.. but I will leave that to them as I'm no expert just adding some speculation which viewers may find interesting.

  • @QuizmasterLaw
    @QuizmasterLaw 21 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

    Kinda misunderstands 4 noble truths: Suffering is inevitable, but suffering can be ended by right action (8 fold path) and detachment (NOT indifference!) To exist IS to suffer, but WHY and to WHAT EXTENT are Choices and yeah with perfect equanimity you escape just about all suffering.

  • @MMuraseofSandvich
    @MMuraseofSandvich 9 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

    59:00 Often, if a Japanese person is "supposed to" be in a position of power over you (e.g., aforementioned prison guard) and you look them in the eye, the first thing they will scream at you after they take a breath after a tirade (or pummeling) is, "What are you looking at?!" (なんだその目は!)
    And it does not matter if they're completely wrong, unjust, tyrannical, etc., they're going to say it because they have assumed power over you, they're going to use it, and how dare you defy the Japanese order of things by looking someone higher up than you in the eyes. This part of the hierarchical society has survived to this day and it is part and parcel of the bullying and abusive dynamics in Japanese society.

  • @ilcattivo13
    @ilcattivo13 13 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

    Great lecture, and although I don't fully agree with Professor Paine, I still consider it extremely valuable and important.
    My comments mainly concern:
    1. Using the word "Russia" to refer to the Soviet Union, which is a misnomer.
    2. Regarding the declassification of files. Declassification of documents about JFKjr or others have no impact on international relations. On the other side, documents from the conference in Tehran (where the post-war division of the world and giving half of Europe to the Soviets) or even those regarding the battleship USS Maine in the Havana port will never be declassified, because it would/could put the USA in a very bad light..
    3. The third issue is related to the latter, i.e. the fact that Americans want to deal with everything legally on the international arena. Now maybe yes, but the issue of the outbreak of the American-Spanish war shows that this is a far-fetched statement and, in addition, the USA was/is able to do sacrifices to achieve its goals.
    4. I am also a supporter of sanctions, but I realize that sanctions only apply to countries that are recipients of goods. In the case of Russia, which is a producer and supplier (for some countries the only one) of goods, from raw materials, through mining, military or nuclear technology to food, which is also economically linked to countries that may less or officially ignore sanctions, such sanctions will have only minimal effect.
    5. Regarding the previous lecture and the fact that China may want to attack Russia now to take advantage of its involvement in the West and Africa to occupy part of Siberia - the Chinese are not stupid and know that they must first create together with Russia and other countries such as, for example, Iran and North Korea, an alliance that will allow them to defeat the USA (and it's allies), because without it the Americans could change their policy in an instant and start supporting the Russians attacked by China, which would end for China just as World War II ended for the Germans.
    6. As to Germans as great US supporters - they are not. In the last 30 or so years Germany, just like France, is doing everything to limit American influence in Europe and the Middle East and, for its own benefits, is able to cooperate with US enemies, such as Russia or China, to achieve its own goals.
    Greetings from Suwałki, Poland. I am looking forward to the third lecture and conversation.

  • @syjiang
    @syjiang 15 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +1

    Hi Dwarkesh, I not sure why you keep probing alternative scenarios where US avert involvement in WW2 at the 1:10:00- 1:25:00. Striving for peace at ALL cost is not always the preferred path. Imperial Japan and Nazi Germany had incompatible outlook from other world powers and sought to impose their own vision at the expense of others, definition of a zero-sum game. Negotiating with the Japanese may avert war in the short term by agreeing to their dismemberment of China and no oil embargo. But that just strengthen their long term position to challenge US again with a stronger hand and does nothing to deter future aggression. War is horrifying, but it is also one of the most definitive coercive instrument against your opponent. I am not sure any of us would want to live in a world where US remained in detente with imperial japan and allowed their militarism ideology to entrench for decades in East Asia.

  • @arshitsingh774
    @arshitsingh774 21 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

    just completed the first ep

  • @KWally
    @KWally 8 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +1

    What Dwarkesh needs to remember is that the Nazi's were appalled by how the Japanese treated their own soldiers....

  • @ksc_iv
    @ksc_iv วันที่ผ่านมา +1

    It’s movie night I guess 🍿

  • @boggeorge
    @boggeorge วันที่ผ่านมา

    Oh well... guess I just have to watch it all over again...

  • @daniellimo4087
    @daniellimo4087 วันที่ผ่านมา

    My grandfather fought in Burma. He's still alive with interesting stories

    • @DennisSullivan-om3oo
      @DennisSullivan-om3oo วันที่ผ่านมา

      What is he? like 100?

    • @daniellimo4087
      @daniellimo4087 23 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

      @DennisSullivan-om3oo he says he was born 1924 but then all his agemates were born 24 so it's more of a guess work but around that time.

    • @DennisSullivan-om3oo
      @DennisSullivan-om3oo 22 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

      @@daniellimo4087 Give him our thanks for his service.

    • @derbybOyzZ
      @derbybOyzZ 12 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

      My great grandfather fought in ww1 and ww2. mons, somme, burma. I never met him but i'd love to know more about what his unit did.
      Sometimes I wonder if there are any veterans out there still that may have known him or fought alongside him.

    • @daniellimo4087
      @daniellimo4087 10 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

      @@derbybOyzZ they are not many my grandfather is the last of this generation. It's complicated because my grandfather for example was illiterate and his memory is failing. Most of his documents are gone he only has medals a tin cup and plate given to him at the end of the war

  • @michaelsaunderson5574
    @michaelsaunderson5574 21 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

    It's insane to me that the naval arm of a nation's military could (or even would) hide the fact that they lost ONE THIRD of their aircraft carriers. Bushido or not, at some point you have to know that what you're doing will harm Japan long-term.

  • @lightspeeder
    @lightspeeder 19 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา +1

    sounds like typical anime - just believe, get a random plot armour buff and somehow win the day through sheer willpower

  • @QuizmasterLaw
    @QuizmasterLaw 21 ชั่วโมงที่ผ่านมา

    I'm surprised Paine does not cite the Book of Five Rings, they literally named their lead BB after its author, no?