Caesar on the Gauls // Roman Primary Source (58 - 49 BC)
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 17 ม.ค. 2020
- Here we have Julius Caesar's views on the peoples he crushed in his campaigns to the west through which he made his name - the Gauls. Foreign and backwards to Caesar, modern archaeological evidence has shown that they were actually a city building culture far more advanced than he gave them credit for.
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Caesar_campaigns_gaul-fr.svg: historicair 14:51, 8 July 2007 (UTC)
derivative work: Sémhur (talk)
"Gods, I hate Gauls, my grandfather hated them too... even before they put out his eyes"
Is this a repost from earlier, or a combination of your two earlier vids on this subject?
"War will come, and I will have no more false visions, I am certain. I think... I think the children will be quiet tonight."
@@thisismyname3928
It's the opening lines to the Romans_julii faction intro, in Rome: total war (the 2004 game)
@@Albukhshi I'm talking about the videos, not whatever nonsense these posters are talking.
This is a line quoted the game ROME Total War from the introduction of the Julii faction ;)
Regardless of whether you think Caesar was a dictator or a genius, or both, we can all agree that he kept outstanding notes.
Even his enemies at the time thought so too. Guy could write!
Being a sociopathic dictator does not stop him from being a genius.
@@cachorrovinagre2979 amen to that! Sadly, history has too many examples.
@@SpencerTaylorOnline True.
These were not "outstanding notes".
It was propaganda describing Gauls as ferocious people who he managed to conquer.
Any content on the PICTS would be appreciated.
Gosh, yeah.
Were they the Brythonic race that perpetually fought/lost to the Romans in a completely undignified manner (doing battle entirely in the nude) or were they the enigmatic ones with the blue tattoos and prowess in battle?
@@thebrocialist8300 What kind of weirdo would wear clothes to battle rather than blue paint
@@thebrocialist8300 they're the ones with the blue paint that were never conquered
Survival + Stuff See the natural mummies of the Tarim Basin, which was part of ancient Sumaria. One of the tartans found with them is an exact replica (except for a thin yellow line that may have been there and faded) of one of the plaids of my paternal line. My aunt traced the lineage back to a Pictish area.
I think the tartan is mentioned here mathildasanthropologyblog.wordpress.com/2008/04/08/the-mummies-of-the-tarim-basin/amp/ but there are a lot of other sites and yt videos about them.
If you are Pict or part Pict descent, hello my cousin :)
Dude was too proud to bring up Asterix.
He was just a footnote in history compared to Julius Caesar
Keebs underrated joke
Caesar: Hippitus Hoppitus, your lands are now my Propitus (granted this is indeed paraphrased and lacks the nuance of proper classical Latin)
Caesar''s phrace "I came, I saw and I conquered" Pretty much sums up what you said
Jackal head vini, vidi, vici.
Jackal head but that wasn’t the Gauls, but the Bosporans.
I'd say:
Hippietās hoppietās
es tū mea prōprietās
I thought Asterix was Ceasar's biggest headache?😆
after Cleopatra anyway.
Obelix was bigger
@@Kenzofeis
Quite literally, as it happens.
No we were. The Belgae. We were fighting the Romans and the Germans at the same time. Caesar must thought of us being mad. 🤣
Among the other things Caesar is famous for he deserves credit for his attention to detail and his outstanding thorough record keeping. This is so cool
Literally every single student of latin in history (me included) has translated it ...fond memories of my early teenagerhood
Beautiful. I wish I had learnt it in school
"Something moves" -Roman: is this a Sythian?
Lol
Well yes.... but actualy no
@@ligninman sir are you Sythian?
Holy shit "gaul is divided into three parts"
"Gallia est omnis divisa in partes tres"
This phrase is carved in my mind from all the times I've heard and read it in high school
This fragment of de bello gallico was the first source translation they made us do on my third year studying latin
Ahaha such fun memories
"GALIA ESTa DIVIdidA En TRES PARTES"
Its amazing how much modern Spanish its the same as Latin.
@@alejandromedina4597
La Gallia è divisa in tre parti (italian)
Sa Gallia est divisa in partes tres (sardinian)
Romance languages are basically spiced up latin
@@trazwaggon And in many cases (heh) simplified too!
Loss of cases, loss of neuter & overall less complicated inflectiosn
"A Gália é dividida em três partes", portuguese
@@alejandromedina4597 Same language, same heritage, all Romance nations descend from a unique city - Mater Roma.
outstanding... you always give such a personal touch to history.. it is much appreciated...
Thanks!
@@VoicesofthePast I truly thank you.. I enjoy history and to have these little tidbits of person observations it quite exciting..
Congrats on 100k subscribers, well deserved.
Thanks pal!
Fenristhegreat Yes, just recently found this channel. Very interesting.
I've often wondered why the continental Celtic tribes were wiped out when the Germanic tribes were not. They seem to have been relatively similar in terms of cultural and military prowess. Then recently I came across a quote by Napoleon Bonaparte, "You must not fight too often with one enemy, or you will teach him all your art of war." The Gauls were destroyed remarkably quickly, France and Spain are effectively peninsulas, and there was no sprawling hinterland for them to retreat into and regroup, as was the case for the Germanic, and later, the Slavic tribes. After centuries of virtually constant warfare against the Romans, their technology caught up, militarily of not scientifically, and ultimately that is the only technology that truly matters, as Emperor Honorius could tell you.
but wouldnt it be more precise to say they were assimilated by the Romans rather than wiped out?
Gaul and Spain were next to Italy and had extensive road and river networks for Roman armies and administration to move around. By comparison Germanics and Slavs were in further, less accessible areas. And while the Celtic tribes were catching up in terms of administration, there weren't completely there yet. It's not just about the conquest, it's also about the systematic occupation and "peace keeping" afterwards. People like to stress the Romans' supposed military superiority while Caesar didn't come far from losing his legions, while they underestimate the Roman state's organisation.
This being said, while the war was grueling demographically, they weren't wiped out. Gaulish was still spoken by the time the Western Empire collapsed.
I'd say that probably the most important event was Varus losing 3 entire legions at Teutoberg in 9 AD. I'd say that nobody really wanted to see another army swallowed up in that deep, dark woods for a generation or two after that. By the time Marcus Aurelius is fighting and writing up there in the 160's to 180's, the Romans are about to face a serious decline politically and the Germanic barbarians are definitely on the ascent. They become the Goths, Franks, and Saxons and take over Europe.
Because Caesar is giving himself too much credit, as usual. He was only able to conquer Gaul because the Narbonensis province was already under Greek/Roman influence for centuries, and he allied himself with various tribes, like the Aedui, to ransack their neighbors. Nobody ever mentions the real reason patricians assassinated Caesar is because they were revolted by the nomination of Gaulish senators from allied tribes.
@@rickb1973 Germanicus crossed into Germania and defeated the tribes that Arminius led not too long after. They didn't launch a full invasion of Germania because the land was harder to farm than in places like Gaul
I actually had to read the original Latin in high school.
Wow you're lucky.
"Gallia est omnis divisa in partes tres".
Everyone who took up Latin comes across this text sooner or later
Same. We also read pliny’s first hand account of mount Vesuvius’s eruption
Why were you in prison? Who on Earth forcea children to learn and translate latin? God damn catholics!
I love these please keep them coming
Okay!
One of my favourite figures in history!
fantastic reading!
Great videos and wonderful voice.. .
Hmm your voice is good for this. It will be tempered in time then it will be perfect. Gj!
Thanks! I don't know what that means, but thanks!
I click on these videos so hard when I see them, it’s finger breaking
Nice!
Yeah I smashed my finger straight through my screen
♚♞🌹 Informative, mature, appreciate this vid. TY
Hurrah
I don't disagree but they're all caesar's words.
This, to me, sounds like a "favourable" commentary of Gaul considering the source. 🤔
You don't belittle your enemies unless you want to sound like a.... you know... pansy
Recall and compare how the German wehrmacht is depicted ;)
@@DanMcLeodNeptuneUK okay good point.
@@deanbuss1678 I thought the same as you when I first saw the Gaul texts! I read from a historian about how he tried to basically justify and glorify what was basically a mini-genocide peppered with some pretty one-sided battles.
He was being factual and realistic. Never subjective. Hallmarks of a successful leader.
Well done.
Eeeeee! I translated a part of this text for homework in Latin class😁
This famous beginning of Commentarii de Bello Gallico always makes me think about a song "Classical History Lesson" by Polish singer, songwriter and poet Jacek Kaczmarski, in which he used the opening sentence in original Latin, followed by the even more iconic phrase "Ave Caesar morituri te salutant!" as a refrain.
Gallia est omnis divisa in partes tres
Quarum unam incolunt Belgae aliam Aquitani
Tertiam qui ipsorum lingua Celtae nostra Galli appellantur
Ave Caesar morituri te salutant!
Europe reverberates heavy legion's march
inevitable spelling for the Republic crash
Gaul hills from mixed blood turn into a marsh
-Julius Caesar writes his memoirs!
Gallia est omnis divisa [...]
Let us, Oh Caesar, when we take the world
to rape, pillage, satiate all the desires
-simple are requests of the troops
and Julius Caesar's silence doesn't forbid games!
Gallia est omnis divisa [...]
Civilising conquered peoples in a new law
Crosses growing from Rhein to the Nile
complaints, cries and lament around the known world
-Julius Caesar polishes his lapidary style!
Gallia est omnis divisa [...]
The translation is taken from lyricstranslate.com, done by a user going by the nick Svarozhyc with some minor edits by me, so it's far from perfect.
Here you can hear the original:
th-cam.com/video/YgiqvHS3mcM/w-d-xo.html
Thank you.
Do Ceasar's account of the end of his reign next, please.
You skipped the most important detail, when Caesar describe Gaulish society as one with very few free people (knights and druids) and in which most were practically slaves.
He did mention it on the video about Caesar and the Druids
@@Alex-fv2qs - OK but I still miss it here.
Interesting. Maybe the romans knew for the scarcity of knights in Gaul and the probable unrest and discontent of slaves and used it for the conquest.
@@pierren___ - Caesar was not that specific, I interpret some degree of contempt (after all Caesar was a populist of his own Roman/Latin/Italian nation, favoring the interests of the lower classes, the last Marian, even if not at all nearly as radical as Marius or the Grachi were) but the commentary is neutral-descriptive as belongs also to a foreign conqueror with some documentary social, political and even maybe what we'd now call anthropological general but distant interest.
But for me discovering that passage was very interesting, because it's almost never discussed at all, rather avoided, probably because of rampant cultural-ideological celticism (this short Caesarian observation makes Celts a lot less "us" than most people like to imagine).
I dont know where you get you informations but most of the population were marchants/warriors bacause they had, that said the slaving part was done on other tribes, instead of killing them.(Slavery is very common in every culture)@@LuisAldamiz
I wish there were more Gallic/La Tène archaeological artifacts and sites as illustrations!
NOOOO. “Gallia est omnis divisa in partes tres.” Though it was ten years ago by now, I will never forget having to translate this stuff in Latin class. As mentioned by others, almost all Latin students will remember this.
4:05 In Latvian we call God "Dievs".
In French we call him Dieu
Any fellow Belgea decendants here?
The French-Canadian woman I have servicing my testicles at the moment just affirmed her connection to your tribe
Yes i am probably descendant of them as well as the Romans
MrPotates Via my paternal maternal line. Settled around what became Blackmore then much later were moved to Selborne in Hampshire, SE England. I am now in Bognor Regis, another largely Belgae descent area. Hello my cousin. Where are you in the world?
Still the bravest of the Gauls. ;)
Hell yeah
Thank you
You have a rare gift, my friend. You engage the audience, with an elegant vocabulary that grips the mind, stealing it away from any distractions. You have a voice that is commanding of all attention and forces the audience to the role of whom you describe. I hope that your talent brings you a trove of riches, and fame. You are Plato reincarnated, a philosopher of modern era!
Bruh this guy is just reading what Caesar is saying in his diary lol
@@varolussalsanclar1163 sure thing, I still give credit in the skill of narration, and knowing when to emphasize emotion onto sentences. Always engaging the audience with a broad vocabulary. Never just a boring robot or some monotone voice, wasting away the audience.
@@varolussalsanclar1163 do the world a favor and if you think you can do it better, start a audiobook channel, would love to come critique your work...
"Gallia est omnis divisa in partes tres" - sic dictum est a Caesare!
France is divided into three parts - the so-called Caesar
“Sextus the Pest!” was a better chapter.
Sweet Jesus, I'll never forget translating this in Latin class
Practically every one that has taken Latin in school has had to translate parts of this.
Yay, I read that part of the text long, long ago 🥰
My paternal maternal ancestors were Hampshire (UK) settled Belgae. Word of mouth family history is that they crossed the Rheine to get away from the always warring tribes, then stopped them landing when they tried to follow. The Belgae didn't like war but when they had to they went for it full pelt.
My paternal G'mother was told that when the Belgae (in Britain) stopped fighting the Romans when it was discovered they would help get rid of the druids who were cruel, and too powerful. They became known as a client kingdom and life was better for them with the Romans. So much so that it was more like a co-operative as the Romans (in their area at least) were much less greedy than the druids.
The Belgae would find unused land and clear and settle upon it. Sometimes forest would belong to an already settled tribe and an agreement would be reached that the Belgae could buy it with work, even over several generations. Not work 5 days a week etc., as we do but as and when required. Maybe a couple of weeks building at times here and there, with crops, animals, defence, travel for trade, hunting, whatever. Plus they had to clear and work the land agreed upon for themselves, which could mean draining bogs, digging sticky blue malm, breaking up hard ragstone (later used for cobbles and hard on the feet), softer unstable chalk and greensand etc. Plus clear trees and various other growth. In fact it wasn't until after our tribal ancestors began to make these isles habitable and ready for them to build yet another great civilisation upon that Romans then others later wanted to invade.
The Belgae didn't much like their Atrebate cousins who would invade and take, causing ill feeling among other tribes.
There is a lot more I was taught. Too much for here. However, maybe that is of interest to some.
Btw, all the tribes DID have writing. Embossed on thin metal sheets. Gold for the most important Treatise and Marriages between tribes. The metal was melted for re-use when the document was no longer wanted. Our people in these isles weren't ignorant and stupid as the Victors stories told. Far from it. The cruelty was that of the evil druids that for some reason the new age brigade romanticise and imagine were only nature loving tree huggers. From what I was told, helping get rid of them was the best thing the Romans did for us and a lot of tribes were very pleased for their help in that. Might not have done it without them. A lot of tribal fighting had been because of druids.
Very nice story thank you!
how tf do you have an idea of family history to ancient times
@@rafangille Someone at some point in recent history has been bullshitting
@@rafangille Same as a few others here in the UK, in Africa and other countries. Generational word of mouth. It's only when people lost or became separated from their elders or migrated willingly, as slaves or as convicts abroad, to the 'New World' for instance, that people lost touch with their roots.
In some areas such as Scotland, Ireland, Wales, Cornwall and other parts of the UK quite a lot of people are less interbred with those from outside their Counties or Countries that they still have at least a modicum of family history going back into history, whether it is that their forbears were Hugenot refugees from France, or one of the invading tribes of Nor(th)mans, isaac sons, their angels, ju tes, Romans or from earlier.
Sadly, too many have been brainwashed that 'it doesn't matter', that 'it's elitist', or 'racist' to be interested in and proud of ancestry that they have discarded it and failed their children, grandchildren and future descendants by not passing on the knowledge.
Well, if it's a good thing for a Native American, a Druz, a Ghanian and others to know and be proud then it's a good thing for all of us, is it not?
@gearoid quirke Interesting. I have heard of the Helveti/Brigante and what you write sparks my interest to read about them.
Maybe you could do a video on the periplus of the Carthaginian explorer Hanno the Navigator on his trip down the coast of Africa?
Done it
@@VoicesofthePast oh sorry, didn't notice it... keep up the amazing work and sorry for this!
“Such loyal slaves... they cry for their master’s death.....” “what’s that bonfire for?”
fun fuct: most of the times Caesar forgets to be roman and his roman propaganda and praises the gauls for their knowledge and their ingenious solutions during difficulties.
Caesar: "It's free real-estate"
Actually the Gauls were very close to the peoples of the Italic peninsula (culturally speaking). The Italic split from the rest of the Celts quite late in history so that explains why. :)
They weren't just close. They were Gauls. Hence why the Romans called northern Italy Cisalpine Gaul.
Southern Italy was inhabited by Greeks (there were more of them in Southern Italy than Greece). Hence why it was called Magna Grecia.
The middle of Italy was inhabited by Italics
@@ignaciomondragon99 ❤👋
Rome was established by the mediterranean people of Latins and Trojans (Anatolian Greeks). The ruling class, which Caesar was obviously a part of, would have been either Latin or Greek, so the Gauls are indeed complete foreigners (barbarians) to people like Caesar.
About what years or century
@@varolussalsanclar1163 The Latins were Italics weren't they?
Caesar mentions the Gauls worshipped Roman gods. I assume this was written after they were romanized, yes?
It pretty typical of the Roman to associate foreign gods to Roman gods with similar characteristics, like for example Teutates and Mars, and Belenos and Apollo.
So when Cesar writes about Mars, he is in fact talking about Teutates, etc...
What thibault said^
Thibault Caron already explained it perfectly, but I will add that if you wish to read more about the phenomenon he describes, it's referred to as "interpretatio romani" (my spelling might be off, but should be good to do a search).
excellent
Interestingly, recent ancient DNA analyses of genomic material obtained from the remains of Romans and other ancient Italic peoples (e.g. Latin, Etruscan, Ligurian tribes) have shown that the Romans of Caesar’s time shared more in common genetically with modern Northern Iberian, Southern French and Southwestern British populations than they do with contemporary Italians.
Id like to read that article. Can you link it
Because modern Italians are from the Asian steppes (Far western, so more Slav and Finn than Turk or Mongol). Same reason modern French are German and Latin rather than Celtic.
THEY WERE CELTS ,SCYTHIAN ,CELTOI , LIKE THE EARLIER INHABITANTS ,THE GREEKS .
Link please.
@@davidkelly4210 nope italians have little slav none finn and none mongol and very little turk dna
8:52 'Corn'?!
It's strange to see countries today who don't have a set national language in central Europe belonged to the continental celts, Guals
I remember the first minute very well from latin class
As a Gallman.....I approve
Any content on the iberians? Pre-roman iberia that is
Is this direct reading from Caesar's writing the Gallic Wars?
Ah, the good old days...
Ceaser on Britain next please
Its on the channel
He was a madman.
And you are just mad, man
Interesting that a Roman would comment on excruciating tortures when Romans were fine with crucifying thousands, using up all the wood and trees in some locations for this purpose.
It's religious the way people hate the Romans, hold them to double standards, gobble up every urban myth, and then claim everything the Romans ever documented was a lie because of obvious exaggerations that anybody can spot
@@jl9211 The truth is that a lot of ancient cultures did some really terrible things. It is interesting how those cultures may have judged each other as we find in the video presented here. Some scholars have suggested a term that means something like 'culturally accepted violence' to describe extremely violent times which to some extent exist to this day.
@@jl9211 It religious the was people defend the Romans, pretending they weren't as cruel and barbaric as anyone else.
@@slappy8941 ???.English is not your first language?
@@slappy8941"tHe rOmAnS wErE the REAL baRbAriaNs" Wow how original and not quoted from every media piece about them ever. The current dogma is that they were worse, so stop lying like that.
If i were a slave to a wealthy man in those times i'd make sure his bath was to cold, that his bed was wet & that his food was burnt ! No fire death for me thank you very much :D
Gallia est omnis divisa in partes tres etcetera
cant help but think the favour towards Hermes was a self selection effect
Even though I know i would probably die, I always wished I could have been a soldier back in those days. Just to see what it was like when the earth was still wild.
So did they burn ALL of the spoils of war? They didn't keep any of it? Seems like a waste tbh. How did they gain wealth, just by trading/farming? I feel like some of the wealth and spoils of war would have been taken for personal use and then a good amount of it would be set aside to be burned.
Maybe it was a protection racket?
8:53 - corn?
The word corn is older than the use of maize. It just means grain.
Video Title: Caesar on the Gauls
Wait so he had more than statements regarding massive Gallic casualties about the Gauls?
I thought the extent of his quotations on them were highly inflated kill ratios at Alesia and how he came, saw and conquered?
Well the Veni, vidi, vici quote came after the siege of Alesia. And the quote was referring to his victory at the battle of Zela, not Alesia.
@@bendive1631 ironic since he destroyed most of it.
I thought this *book* written by Caesar was quite famous
I always find fascinating that Caesar words have survived to our days. probably the most important man in human history.
meh
@@ojberrettaberretta5314 no it's you buddy
Jesus Christ is the most important man but Caesar is in the top 10 ten.
What a ridiculous claim lol
Hell yeh to the Swiss 🇨🇭
EUROPE HAS THE BEST HISTORY IF ONE BORN A WARRIOR.
I wonder how much Gaul genes I have....
WHY I NEVER !!! THE GAUL !! lol.. 🤠🖖
What were the Celtic names for the gods that Caesar mentions?
I'm more familiar with the Irish, Scottish and Welsh versions of the Celtic gods but Gaulic Mercury would have been Lugus a sun god of the arts and divine kingship. Jupiter would be Taranis the Celtic god of thunder and storms. Minerva might be Sulis a goddess of hot springs. Apollo might be Belenus, a fire god "the shining one". There is no one Gaulic or Celtic god of war but it might have been Camulos who had a large ornate helmet like Ares and an invincible sword.
Depends on the local tribe reLly... most known are Jupiter: Taranis and Cernunnos, Apollo: Belenus, Grannus and Borvo, Mercury: cissonous, Visucius, Lenus, Minerva: Belisama, sulevia, Diana: Sirona, Abnoba, Hercules: Andosto, Ogmios... Dis, maybe Taranis, Aericuros or Smertrios.Many gods could also be more thN one god... Toutatis could be Mars as well as Mercury for example... Sucellos could be Silvanus and Plutus.
kernunos was mentionned by Cesar to be the most popular god in Gaul
You have an oddly satisfying voice like Morgan Freeman. Lol
He was a genius
Will someone tell me the parts of Rum please?
Just a comment . The visuals are making it hard to concentrate on the words. I know it’s a lot but can you try to match the visuals with the story ? Thanks for your hard work on these !
Why is there almost no mention of asterix and obelix in the comment section?
AHH YES... AREN'T PAPER TRAILS JUST FASCINATING. lol.. 🤠🖖
How did they sow corn before the america's were discovered? I'm assuming a bad translation of grain. would be amazing if they had corn a thousand years or so before columbus.
Corn was long a generic term for various agricultural crops. What we call "corn" today is more properly known as maize. It is similar to the way that "cat" is a term applicable to most all felines but is usually used to refer to the common household pet. It's not wrong to refer to a lion or tiger as a cat, but it is unusual in this day and age. Such is the relationship between "corn" and the various grains of both antiquity and the modern world.
@@lewstherintelamon244 Corn is still used today and it means any plant that is grown for its grain, such as wheat
@@diegoyuiop
For reference, "Korn" in most Germanic languages does not have any particular association with maize. In Swedish it has similarly ended up being the name of a specific crop, namely barley. English got the word "grain" from the French, which made that semantic shift possible.
You also have the word "kernel" which came from the equivalent of "corn + le"
So is it Aquitani or Aquinati?
They are the ones with druids
where can I find this source in latin?
Interesting the evidence of a common Indo European religion is clear in the writings of Caesar.
next topic: Tacitus on the Germans
He done this already
TheNeoYouth no, he hadn’t
@@Ottovonostbahnhof oh sorry, mixed it up with Caesar's remarks
Funny to see how little has changed overall in more than 2,000 years
8:52 Caesar says they are sowing corn. But corn was discovered in the Americas and didn't exist in europe at this time. Can anyone explain that?
He most likely meant grain. The word corn was interchangeable with grain and rye, as was the case with how the British called wheat and grain corn when they passed the Corn Laws in Ireland.
Corn is derived from an old Germanic word, meaning grain. What you know today as corn was originally called "Indian corn", which eventually became shortened to corn by antonomasia, thus becoming associated solely with the new American plant. The word maize (Spanish maíz) is a proper indigenous name, derived from Tahino "mahis".
It's because he is not speaking American English. Americans used to refer to grain as corn, too. Can't remember the explanation for why you started only calling maize "corn", though.
Corn is a Germanic English word. It refers to "grain".
So those ones gauls in the west the others germanians later on
reeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaaaaaaaaaly cool
Thanks!
...all of Gaul?
All of Gaul.
Except Cisalpine and Narborensis Gaul, I think
Did he say corn?
So they had a culture
And roman
VOTP: Caeser crushed Gaul
Me, who had Celtic ancestors: [angry Vercigenorix noises]
We hear the genocider describe the land. Not fair.
Is this from "commentaro bello Galica" ( and is this spelled right?) ?
Commentarii de bello gallico
Comments on the Gaul War
At 8:52 Cesar mentions "sowing the field with as much corn as possible"
Corn was brought to Europe by Columbus centuries later.
Is this just a poor translation?
What gives?
american clown
The new name for kelts is gauls. Read pausanias.
The Swiss: men who long for war!
Thanks for making me sleep faster.
Uhmm; Ceasar did not call the Belgae the most courages, but was just complementing himself for defeating them in battle
He conquered a bunch of other Gauls in battle as well, so your little theory holds no water.
*GALLIA EST OMNIS DIVISA IN PARTE TRES*
1988 CHATEAU ROME JULIUS CAESAR FRÈRE JULES REMI GOFFLO CÉSAR ROMAIN EMPIRE
1988 CHATEAU ROME JULIUS CAESAR FRÈRE JULES REMI GOFFLO CÉSAR ROMAIN EMPIRE
Julio cesar called all of them germanians
Is in his name