ไม่สามารถเล่นวิดีโอนี้
ขออภัยในความไม่สะดวก
Particles Unknown: Hunting Neutrinos | Full Documentary | NOVA | PBS
ฝัง
- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 16 ส.ค. 2024
- Join the hunt for the universe’s most common-yet most elusive and baffling-particle. (Aired October 6, 2021)
Official Website: to.pbs.org/4b5... | #novapbs
Outnumbering atoms a billion to one, neutrinos are the universe’s most common yet most elusive and baffling particle. NOVA joins an international team of neutrino hunters as they try to capture an elusive fourth form of neutrino. Their results may force scientists to redraw their blueprint of the subatomic world, the Standard Model of physics, and change our understanding of how the universe works.
Chapters
00:00 Introduction
04:25 What is a Neutrino?
21:22 Detecting Neutrinos in the Universe
31:59 Neutrino Oscillation
36:01 The Standard Model of Particle Physics
43:45 The Future of Neutrino Detection
© 2021 WGBH Educational Foundation
All rights reserved
This program was produced by GBH, which is solely responsible for its content.
This program is made possible by viewers like you. Support your local PBS station here: pbs.org/donate/
Enjoy full episodes of your favorite PBS shows anytime, anywhere with the free PBS app: to.pbs.org/2Qb...
Stay up to date on the latest science discoveries, full episodes, articles, videos, and more by signing up for NOVA's newsletter here: www.pbs.org/wg...
#neutrino #physics #physicsdocumentary #fulldocumentary
FOLLOW US:
NOVA
TH-cam: / novaonline
Facebook: / novapbs
X: / novapbs
Instagram: / novapbs
TikTok: / novapbs
PBS
Facebook: / pbs
X: / pbs
Instagram: / pbs
TH-cam: / pbs
TikTok: / pbs
Shop: shop.pbs.org/
![Everything Discovered from Year 2 of JWST. From Closest to Farthest [4K]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/wh4G1Wh79Ck/mqdefault.jpg)
What I find fascinating, are the instruments used to detect all the particles!!! Let alone the discovery of the particals themselves.
To simply put it, WOW!!! Just simply WOW!
for people interested in this subject fermilab has a relatively large channel here on youtube. they go one step further than this documentary while avoiding the heavy math.
Even Bananas
@@SolaceEasy Thank you, sheepshotguns42
History of the universe.. is an excellent channel..the narration is 10 out of 10. By far my favorite channel. Check it out you won't regret it.
So Complicated and Absolutely Fascinating 💚💫💙💥💜
@@donlouden8850 that kind of depends on you and what you're interested in. you can go to the channel and sort videos by popular then check out whatever catches your eye. youtube doesn't allow links.
Neutrinos would be a good name for a science-themed pizza restaurant.
😎🤙
Come to Lead, SD. There's a neutrino lab here .. and a place called Pizza Lab! lol
I like that!!!👌👍
Neutriños - tilde for the steam on top.
Neutrinos pizzeria, featuring tiny Hamburger pieces (Neutrinos), cheese (atoms?)
A neutron walks into a bar and orders a beer. He asks the bartender "What do I owe you?" The bartender says, "For you, no charge."
😂
Never trust an atom ~ they make up everything!
A bit cliche, but
enjoyable.
He's revered.
As always, another excellent NOVA episode. Thank you PBS!
I stayed up to watch this!!! Damn I love science. I am always a excited dork over this sort of thing, as well as the new telescope, and quantum physics. I think to myself, we are alive to see all this awsome things happen and discovering new things!!! 😎🤓😏😀. Dewey L
What a cool and nicely done video. bravo to NOVA!
I am currently working on a gauge that measures nothing but I am having trouble calibrating it. Great video.
That's because there is no nothing!
@@RO-uz4oi then we should be able to detect it.
LOL! Great comment for this video measuring REALLY subtle nonthings!
Brain food YUMMY!
Thank you Nova/PBS. Always serving up something good.
junk food, increasingly so
What a beautiful documentary. Thank you, Nova for enlightening the world with these beautiful scientific discoveries. We are learning more about our world and with new discoveries come more question. That's the beauty of science.
If things keep violating the laws of physics, doesn’t that mean the laws are wrong? Or is that just unimaginable…
It means we are expanding our understanding to a next level; like adding time as a fourth dimension.
You should read more about what science is. Everything in science is always contingent on the result of the next experiment. See if you can get through the book The Structure of Scientific Revolution, You will be more informed than 99.5% of humans. Thesis, antithesis, consensus. Thomas Kuhn.
Phrases like "violates all laws of physics" are pure clickbait. Others are "amazing discovery" and "turns science upside down," but there are too many to list.
⚓️ Thanks PBS 🌈
If a neutrino has mass then it is subject to gravity. "Dark matter" is therefore the NEUTRINO ATMOSPHERE of galaxies, and no longer a mystery. What a relief!
Even optimistic mass of neutrinos put the total mass of these ghost particles to about the same as all the stars. Probably smaller. Anyway much smaller than dark matter.
But good idea.
@@mikkel715 I hope you included the original neutrinos created at the point of, and following, the singularity. Our arrow of time, and our causality, and our original neutrinos, were powered by antimatter creation, from our point of view. Neutrinos are good at hanging about in the cosmos. Not perfect, but good . . . but big galaxy-sized black holes are still stuffed with them.
@@tonyduncan9852 Yes, even included the massless neutrinos into the equation..
@@mikkel715 Well then we're missing something else as well. That singularity . . .
Exciting research, must be incredibly rewarding to publish results that can stand up to massive scrutiny! I'm glad the community eventually rewarded Ray Davis' work with the prize for his work and determination through the unknown problem.
"Right Now on ..." "NOVA" " !! Consistently the best Docs along with Frontline.
When it is discovered that neutrinos are massless, even though they oscillate, standard particle physics will need to be rewritten once again because of this elusive particle. The neutrino will simply laugh and say, "Try to catch me".
Thank you so much PBS. I love Nova and have watched it since I was a kid. I learn so much! 😊❤❤
Too many cheap commercials
So many new physicists to follow!
Saying particles interact with each other perpetuates a model so oversimplified its limiting. What is described in the standard model are discrete patterns of excitation of quantum fields. Most quantum fields interact with each other, some dont. Trying to explain everything with point-like representations of those fields is silly. As we perceive them, they are only the final result of field interactions we do not perceive. Like describing what's happening in the cpu of a computer only looking at a handful of the screen's pixels, at random intervals.
Props to the editor. This takes something interesting and elevates it. Great work. Ian Strang and Henry Fraser. o7.
Cool Worlds channel has a great video on how neutrinos might stop nuclear bombs. Might. 😃
Thanks for the free episode of Nova. 👍.
Perhaps neutrinos are the base electrical charge supporting this simulation. Perhaps we are in a bubble universe, completely isolated from all the other bubble universes, where all the missing, or dark, matter exists. Just a couple of thoughts.
The most obvious question about Bruno Pontecorvo, not answered in the documentary, was did did regret defecting. Googling that question brought me to an interview with his son Tito in Physics Today. Although Bruno never told his children whether he regretted defecting, his son made it clear that his father hated the Soviet Union but was prevented from leaving by his communist bosses. According to Tito, Bruno naively thought he would be allowed to travel. Based on this article, Bruno must have regretted defecting soon after he entered the Soviet Union.
0:45 “…and astonishing experiments that keep defying the laws of physics.”
Uh no. Literally, the opposite.
36:00 - "Throughout the 1950s and '60, clues from experiments performed at CERN, alongside Fermilab..."
Uhh... ground wasn't broken at Fermilab until the end of 1968, and the Main Ring accelerator wasn't fully operational until 1972.
“Fermilab - originally called the National Accelerator Laboratory - began operations in Illinois on June 15, 1967. “
From CERN official website:
“On 17 May 1954, the first shovel of earth was dug on the Meyrin site in Switzerland under the eyes of Geneva officials and members of CERN staff.”
“The 600 MeV Synchrocyclotron (SC), built in 1957, was CERN’s first accelerator. It provided beams for CERN’s first experiments in particle and nuclear physics.”
“The Proton Synchrotron (PS) accelerated protons for the first time on 24 November 1959, becoming for a brief period the world’s highest energy particle accelerator.”
home.cern/about/who-we-are/our-history
Nova is always such a great show!!!
Original air date: October 6, 2021
GENERATING NEUTRINOS: (Besides the 'normal' way):
Do my gravity test for my theory of everything idea, (canceling out 'em' of a high powered laser, thereby generating a mini gravitational black hole), but before the black hole would be generated, possibly a neutrino would be generated. Need to do the test to see if true or not.
I've recorded them, I've trained myself to see them. It comes in 4 forms, most of the time very active sometimes vibrating what appears to be very slowly but in reality it's extremely fast.
The Firesign Theater, on an album that came out in the '70s, did a spoof of noir detective stories titled "The Case of the Missing Neutrino" -- which I haven't heard in well over 40 frigging years. I wonder if it's here on TH-cam somewhere . . . ?
No anchovies? I'm sorry, I spell my name 'Danger'.
NOVA! YOU GUYS HAVE THE POTENTIAL TO CREATE ONE OF THE BEST SPACE DOC TO SLEEP" CHANNELS ON TH-cam RIGHT NOW!
Mind BLOWN!!!
Well all this brought tears to my eyes.
Honest to god!
Using Time as a component; Past Neutrino, Present Neutrino & Future Neutrino. The oscillating factors of the Neutrino.
So, neutrinos, and possibly other mystery particles are what are involved in 'acting' on the behavior of the double slit experiment
Hmmm no. I don't think so.
The double slit experiment used photons, not neutrinos. That experiment was devised in 1909, before neutrinos were even postulated in 1930.
Why are lasers representing neutrinos?
Nice that neutrino play different tunes durin their journey through & around the maelstrom of the cosmos, they have purpose!
The most exciting things would be to learn to talk to the messenger and also to learn dark matter and what is it and gravity. Both mind boggle me just how amazing they are. Wish I could live long enough to see the day science discovers these things. May be different generations from now. Or the near future. But would be so satisfying to reach source.
I think of all the hours and hours of sacrifice that goes into research.
Neutrinos..A great name for a Breakfast Cereal
Guaranteed Weight Loss!
I'm confused about the claim that something that is massless cannot oscillate. Doesn't light oscillate? And isn't light massless? I don't understand...
Quantum mechanics, not the theory of relativity or the passage of time, actually explains this. Oscillation is a phenomenon specific to quantum mechanics.
I’m first! Let the learning begin.
First? You proud of that? Why?
Vehicles or vessels - Neutrenos
Even in darkness. Light still cast its shadow?
I live in Lead, SD... We have a lab that is going to "catch" some neutrinos that Fermi lab will be sending 😁
I love the thought that with 3D neutrino detectors you could map them, like, " see, there's the sun over there....and those little dots are nuclear power plants..."
I've never seen such complex layouts of nuclear explosions. New interactions!
How many neutrinos would a gravity drive output?
We need to find more particles / we need to keep a lot of people working.
The "Standard Model" isn't standard, and isn't a model
Fascinating!!!
2:29 - *"Remarkable Particles"*
Nice
For the tail end of this VOD, it might be oscillations in the experiment.
Interesting ramification of the mass of the neutrino is, if we can create instrumentation for neutrinos sufficient we will be able to probe gravity at a particle level using the neutrinos. Of course these instruments are probably 10 to 20 years away but eventually the secrets of gravity at a quantum level will be revealed.
Time is 518,000 times faster at the atomic level. However, time is relative in perception
´Consciousness is every(where)ness, expressed locally´, in: IPI Letters, Feb. 2024, downloadable
so what happens when one of the things interacts with an atom in your body ?
Just when the standard theory is well defined, reality bites you back 🔙 🔙 with the sterile neutrino.
Basically, they’re asking for it with that name.
Every second ìs a 6 day week &
Every minute to us is a year at the atomic level
My favorite flavor of Neutrino is strawberry.
That's only because you haven't yet tasted the butterscotch. _yum!_
Banana.
Strawberry Neutrino - excellent girl band name
Imagine writing this script and typing the words "solid matter" and nobody notices and it makes it to the final cut lol.
It's not a weird way of writing it at all. Not all mass is solid. Gases have mass, so do plasmas. So it does make sense to write "solid matter"--you have to define what state it's in.
Energy is all about the particles spin
I wonder how many excess neutrino events are expected when Betelgeuse goes.
Yes that fertile neutrino could be the first of the missing jigsaw puzzle of the 95% unknown universe. And I won’t be surprised to hear there is an anti dark matter and anti dark energy to be discovered. Damn things are getting super exciting ❤
After the proof of Neutrinos, Beta radiation was known to be electrons with Anti-Neutrinos. The full energy equation made sense.
Very nice video
HOW CAN THE GHOST PARTICLE REMAIN CHARGE LESS AND NEGATIVE IF ITS CARYING ENERGY OR CHARGE AWAY AS FIRMI DISCRIBED
They make it sound like neutrino research is something brand new. It's not.
The intro may even be misunderstood that neutrinos may be the explanation to dark matter. They are not, and we have already known that for a while.
They make it sound like there is well-founded reason to expect a new type of neutrino. There is not. It's just a wild hunch.
NOVA for president!😂
Maybe empty space has mass?
I want to say that somewhere I heard that a supernova happening somewhere in the Milky Way galaxy would set off our neutrino detectors , maybe shortly after we saw the flash of the supernova .
Close. We’d detect the neutrinos first. They’d leave the collapsing core and sail through the rest of the star, virtually unimpeded. Meanwhile the shockwave from the collapsing core, that tears the star apart, would take as much as an hour or two to reach the surface. Only at that point would the supernova become apparent visually.
That's going to be interesting - our neutrino detectors going nuts , giving us a heads up that a supernova has happened somewhere . And we are building these detectors thanks to the theorists like Fermi and Pauli , and also to the experimenters like Raines , Cowans , and that other guy . Pretty interesting !
I'm an amateur astronomer. If there's a supernova, the gravity waves and neutrinos from the explosion would arrive a few hours before the light does. I'm signed up to get an alert if there is a simultaneous detection of gravity waves and neutrinos from the same direction.
@colincampbell767 : What a spectacular and dramatic confirmation of several current theories THAT would be - amateur astronomers like you being alerted that the flash of a supernova is imminent ! Everyone contributing - the theorists with their calculations , predicting the existence of neutrinos and gravity waves , and the experimenters building the instruments to observe them . Very exciting . You amateur supernova hunters are making a major contribution , like Koichi Itagaki in Japan when he found the supernova in the " pinwheel galaxy " last May . But that one happened 21 million years ago , so perhaps too far to set off neutrino and gravity wave alarms way over here !
@@johnishikawa2200if it’s close enough, the gravitational waves should show up too.
The connumbrum,the more you know,the more you realise how much you dont know.
How do we know neutrinos exist when we have yet to observe one non-synthetically?
We haven't observed any of the parts of an atom directly.
Because you can observe them period.
What does non synthetically mean.
@@colincampbell767no, we have. Quarks even.
@@DrDeuteron Really? When have we 'seen' a quark?
Thanks! brilliant...
That tiny particle exploded my mind. Knowing there is a 3d mandelbrot in each one
I'm thinking neutrinos could actually be photons with a little tiny bit of mass. I'd call them heavy photons.
Super no.
No,
Fermi looking 49 at 26 13:43
There! I just saw one! Did anyone else see that?!
They cause flashes in the eyes, even more for astronauts.
@@SolaceEasy Our eyes are not neutrino detectors. We can't see them with our eyes. It takes specialized equipment to detect them, & then only secondarily after they've hit an atom.
Imagine roaming the apocalypse in Japan, and finding a tunnel into a mountain... and inside is a giant room full of light emitters... I'd be wondering what crazy stuff was going on lol
Those are light receivers, not emitters. Single photon even. See photomultiplier tube.
calculated there must be something... missing?
Have You heard of a new numbers format for computers: Posits instead of Floating point numbers? invented 2017 by John L. Gustafson, in Singapore!
Posits are better, they map the real numbers in a more symetrical way, with less exceptions, less NaNs, consume less bits/numerical precision, can be faster and need less storage.
in short a more reliable and efficient numerical representation for Physics calculations; if and when cast into processor hardware! Risk-V ? Samsung? Fujitsu? NVIDIA? FermiLab sure could use those Posits.
Who will do it?
I❤NUETRINOS
If you consider the universe is full of neutrinos, photons, radiation and gravity waves all mixed together for billions of years I'd expect some interaction between all these different things. Dark mater and dark energy could be the result of these interactions. Since we just discovered the Higgs boson and didn't even know it might exist 75 years ago I'll bet ther's more to the story than we can even imagine!
I wonder if neutrinos have mass only after they've interacted with a Higgs field, or perhaps that interaction causes the neutrinos to change flavors?
Well, considering that it’s been proven that antimatter exists, why not anti-neutrinos? Each flavor would have its opposite. That would certainly make a lot more sense, now wouldn’t it? You don’t have to try and shoehorn in a fourth particle when all you need is three other particles who are exact opposites of the detectable Lutrin’s.
That’s the whole point of the 4th neutrino, it’s a special kind that is it’s own antiparticle.. the known ones have anti versions.
Oh my god, the music. Please at least cut it in half. Oh wait, I'm good, just turned the volume down and put the CC lol.
I saw this guy on stargate the series the other day. He was a sci-fi director or something.
Corbin Burnes, former Brewer is an Oriole now. Thank goodness.
Thanks for the insight ❤
Love this stuff!
Ty NOVA!!
THANK YOU...!!!
Dark matter may hold the answer...!!!
Because dark matter may not be really dark... It is dark due to the huge distance & area and depth ( compactness... but very light like charcoal ) ... where light may not have reached and absorbed yet...!!!
When the light reaches it... It may not stay as dark matter at all... but ( evolved)...
in SPACE- TIME...!!!
Thanks Again...!!!
Every video, show Nova or PBS produce of the unknown and unseen proves God exists!
Very cool Nova!
What if there really are a superparticle that would act like a portal to a whole new realm of reality... wouldn't that make us look like dark energy for that other reality???
dark matter/energy are the particles already traveling through space like light energy(mass), gama, nuetrinos it fills the empty space which means if we can see and detect it ...its mass ...thats the dark matter
"Super K"? Really? I always thought it was Super-Kamiokande. Has that become too complicated to say?
Acknowledging the desire for, if not the necessity of, symmetry I vote for at least three new neutrinos.
Huh, how do they know whether the neutrinos are coming from a short distance or not?
Up is short and down is far
Pontecorvo? Just off my rough Latin, Crow Bridge? Are we doing a bit?
awesome vid!