I've had a few ask about the impact crater Chicxulub and the formation of cenotes. The limestone which the cenotes formed in was deposited AFTER the impact. However, the impact most certainly would have fractured the older underlying limestone which could enhance the future development of cenotes in later younger limestone deposits. There is evidence that there are more cenotes along edge of the impact where massive fracturing and faulting occurred. It is important to note that there would be cenotes and other karst features without the impact. All limestone becomes fractured through time and also has bedding planes that allow for the fresh water to flow through and dissolve the rock. Bottom line; the impact created more fractures than normal which lead to the formation of more cenotes (much later) than without the impact. A couple of viewers have informed me that I pronounced the Floridan aquifer wrong....I said it as "Floridian"...oops
For that matter, it is not SUB-sid-ence (sid like sit = no-no). The correct pronunciation is sub-SIDE-ence, from subside or subSIDE with just -ence tacked on. The word come from subside, not from subsidy. Google "robot to pronounce subsidence" and the computer does all the example work.
Mr. Cook, as a lifelong resident of the State of Florida, I encourage you to pronounce the name of our aquifer in whichever manner works best for you. Those who choose to belittle others who have learned words and names by reading text in the absence of hearing them pronounced are a bit shameful in my opinion. Thank you for what you do. I hope you had a great time in the Canyons.
"Floridan" is what I've usually heard it called in the mining industry here, but either way is acceptable. Floridians are sometimes called Floridiots too.
01:44 The way you describe the beauty of the canyon and its geological history is truly captivating! Your ability to connect the stunning landscape with deep time and natural processes is inspiring and makes me appreciate the world in a whole new way. Thank you for sharing this incredible insight!
Thinking about deep time in terms of geological features is such a humbling thing. My background is in astronomy and astrophysics, so ive mostly been humbled by the sheer size of the universe. With geology, I have another direction to be humbled in, but in this case its with time instead of space
Deep time - Yes, that concept was first formulated in the 1700s and pushed by atheist philosopher David Hume, along with The Comte de Buffon in France, and Erasmus Darwin (grandfather of Charles), to name a few; but what evidence did they have?.
I live here in Florida, and made a well at a ranch a while ago. At first we only dug about 30 feet down and the water we got out of it had an extremely high concentration of iron. If you filled a bucket with water and left it out for a few hours, it would turn completely red and opaque. It wasn't until we took the well deeper that we got clean water. This was in the SW region.
@leecowell8165 Well I don't know if it technically is or not, but at least the water that comes out of here is freshwater, and that's how all the houses in my area get water too.
We called that egg water, lol, smells like sulfur, tastes nasty, turns all your toilets, tubs, and sinks orange, as well as your hair. You pulled from a shallow, surface level source that’s pretty much from ground water. Everyone along the coast uses it and use water filtration and softeners. You can’t really drill too deep or you start getting salt water inclusion. I live about a mile from the Indian River, which is brackish. Tween the Indian River and the Atlantic is Cape Canaveral. Our well is 150 feet deep and the water is a little better. You can’t really drill drink it w/o filtering it, but it still leaves a rusty looking spot where the tub faucet drips. A little CLR handles it. We still have a water treatment system that removes iron, so it tastes better. Also, still not the aquifer. All that is on top of the limestone. But go inland, the Ocala area, and all down the spine of Florida, and the water is amazing! My parents had a horse farm between Williston and Bronson, and their well was 500’ deep. That water was exactly the same water that Zepherhills pumped up and bottled! Sweet, clear, lovely. That’s water that has filtered down through the limestone and into the aquifer. It’s said the reason the thoroughbred industry happened in Ocala was because of that calcium rich water. Right down the road from our farm was a place called Devil’s Den, an underground swimmin hole. We’d sneak onto the place, climb one of the live oaks that hung over the hole, and dive in. It’s a popular commercial venture now. But my mom would laugh and say ‘get out of my drinking water!’ when she knew we’d been swimming there.
Sobering thoughts. As a Floridian for 51 years, I always thought Florida was just a big sand bar. He explains that the sporatic sink holes over our limestone strata (2500' deep) will expand over millions of years. Right now more coastal high-rise condos are experiencing foundation settlement causing costly damage to buildings. 13:06 He is suggesting parts of Florida will eventually collapse under water!
Yeah Florida is in the long term doomed to sea level rise and karst subsidence collapse though given time as the active margin in the Caribbean is expected to develop into the Atlantic Florida will likely rise again in some form or fashion millions of years from now. In the more short term as that freshwater aquifer is both being overdrawn with rising sea levels seawater is infiltrating it. Though if we want to get into sobering consequences and the likes compared to seawater a bigger issue for aquifers is Florida's extremely lax and loosely followed regulations of sewage and septic systems as the porous rock means those contaminated fluids get into the aquafers and mix with agricultural run off ultimately flowing out to sea where they feed massive eutrophication algal blooms and red tide events visible from satellites. Horrible for fishing and tourism.
@@Dragrath1I live in Titusville. Seems every month there’s a warning to boil water, and sewage has been dumped in Mosquito lagoon and Indian river. Disgusting.
In fact.. The high rises were in South Florida. They were not constructed with the correct Footings, pilings and foundations. and most were built with underground parking... Not a great Idea in areas that get tidal surges. As an Engineer, I see the same poor construction all the way from Florida to NY... Florida seems to be the bulls eye for those who are politically motivated.. Amazing how all these Florida stories seem to stop at the State lines of Georgia and Alabama. I don't think we need to worry about 1 million years from now.. the earth is constantly changing. and man's may destroy the earth before natural force do.
I love your perspective on time and how you break down the changes between deposition, erosion, etc all in the same location. I started me geology journey watching you and it’s become a real passion of mine. I picked up a roadside geology book for my state and have learned so much
NÃO DEIXA BIDEN TRUMP OBAMA BUSH CLINTON ELON MUSK TODOS LIGADO A SHORTS AI ESTA O PONTO SER NOT E PUCHAR O FIO DA LIGAÇÃO DE CONTATOS ENTRE ELE EM ESTALAÇAO EM ESCUTAS #ACT
Thanks for another wonderful teaching video. I would never have guessed the irregular positioned red rock in cliffs in your areas like that - what it looks like as founded so long ago compared to newer cases like Florida, and especially such visible ones as in Yucatan. I enjoy the things you teach so well, how to see what something looks like after such long and different lengths of form and change.
@@rocketscientisttoo _"Reality is that which, when you stop believing in it, doesn’t go away"_ - Philip K. Dick Seriously, this is science (and critical thinking, and deductive logic). Let's leave religions out of it.
@@rocketscientisttoo In my opinion, learning about geological history is a great way to gain a deeper appreciation for all the majestic beauty we find all around us. It's a great way to gain a deeper appreciation of all of creation.
This is the kind of material I love to find online, great and fun way to learn about our beautiful planet! I love this and the way is presented. Thank you so much for sharing!
Amazing! 20 minutes explanation of beautiful caves, cenotes, limestone dissolution and karst collapses - and then all of a sudden "no, that's not the case..."! Great trick to make amazing video!!!
Myron embodies all the very best traits of scientists and educators, and none of the bad. No snobby elitism, no preaching marxism, just a dude with an epic beard, a sense of wonder, curiosity about the world, and really glad to share his immense knowledge with us .Top tier youtuber for sure, we're lucky to have him!
@@Kingzzxepic Lol man, I don't watch fox news, I've been a liberal my whole life. I've just seen a lot of marxism in academia, myself. I hope you have a really great day tho bro, being dismissive to people about things they know are true via their lived experience, is a big part of the sickness that has grown in the left, and why kamala lost, and the dem party is just done politically and culturally. Lets look to the future my friend, its bright.
That drone shot at 1:40 - stunning!! Really beautiful stuff, thank you for being so generous with your knowledge and taking us on these adventures with you.
I’ve daydreamed about the geological similarities between the Yucatán and Florida more than once. It’s nice to know my time was not wasted and to learn the larger picture. Thank you.
Always enjoy watching your geology videos. This is right up there and answers lots of my questions about how different places in the world look strangely alike.
I’ve been a secret sub for the last few months…maybe even a year. I’ve been catching up. I’m just a curious gal feeling like a microscopic dot in Earth’s timeline. I love your content. What I have learned other than the physical aspects of our earth’s changes is that it has always survived. One way or another. Renewing its self and its life forms. And that earth will continue to evolve with or without us. We truly have been given the ultimate opportunity. Thank you for your content. 🌲
17:32 - Just south of Gainesville, Florida, is a feature called "Paynes Prairie". I have a buddy from school at UF who's father remembers the feature being a lake and a regular ferry service across the lake to Micanopy. On year a hurricane blew in, and the ground opened up, and the lake disappeared creating the "Prairie". Ranchers started using the land to graze cattle. After a number of years the sinkhole got clogged and the lake began to refill. The ranchers dynamited the sinkhole to open it up again. After a few years, a unique ecosystem evolved on the "prairie", and the lake began to refill, and the ecologists studying the feature dynamited the sinkhole to open it up again. Since then, the ranchers and ecologists have conspired to keep the lake from re-appearing...
Paynes Prairie is fascinating. Had a herd of bison at one point. It’s much bigger than people think, too. There’s been a huge drive to preserve it in the last 50 years, and most is now a protected state park. Which as you can imagine makes the ranchers angry. It’s visibly a sunken area. It’s not just relatively flat, it dips down too. There’s plants and critters out there that are nowhere else in Florida. It’s slowly becoming marshy again over most of it. And sometimes there’s a small lake in it. But it comes and goes depending on rain fall and sink hole activities. Still some feral cattle, horses, and hogs out there. Maybe even a few bison. Other notable features to check out in that area; The Devil’s Millhopper, a very deep and old sink hole you can walk down stairs into, on the Newberry side of Gainesville, and Devils Den, west of Williston, which is west of Gainesville. And next time you fly in or out of Orlando, look out the window and notice all the circular ponds and lakes; old sinkholes. Manatee Springs, Blue Springs, Wakulla Springs (found a mastodon skeleton in that one,) Ginnie Springs, and of course Silver Springs, to name just a few; all started as sink holes. We even have caverns. Called, uh, Florida Caverns, xD
Myron, your videos are (and should be used as) a masterclass in great education. This is the polar opposite of the canned curriculum approach that has been pressed into so many classrooms, an open invitation to be curious about the world, to indulge a little question about a funny-looking rock with an enthusiastic mentor. I’m thinking back to my years in the classroom (as a student), and it strikes me that I can’t even remember the names or the faces of some of the people who I spent an hour or more with for 180 days; in contrast, there are others who shine in my memory. In retrospect, the difference is about things like that little tree in your cross-section-a detail that I can imagine my former associate principal (when I had become a teacher myself) would have frowned at (followed up in the post-observation with a snotty remark about “distractions” and “lost instructional time). That little tree, and the moment of fun that let me relax for a second before wrapping my brain around a new chunk of information, is an illustration of how a great educator transcends above the bulleted list of learning objectives and creates a distinct memory that anchors its roots in my mind long after the actual details of the lesson have been assimilated into the greater tree of knowledge that grows around it (pardon my slip into the fanciful metaphor; yet another thing that I got an earful about during the bi-annual assessment when I realized that I could no longer abide by the direction my administration had acceded to). Apologies for the digression and the ridiculously lengthy comment, but your videos are an inspiration, and I hope that you continue to breathe life out into the world via your whiteboards, hikes, guided questioning, and wide drone shots for as long as it brings you joy!
Looks like I have watched all your videos, Myron. I think I'll simply watch them all over again. That's what learning is all about, isn't it? Apart from that, I have got used to your gentleness and dedication. ❤
Went digging on the net about sinkholes and found this map: Karst Map Of Conterminous United States 2020. Your videos on geology are always so fascinating Myron.
Wonderful video, thanks Myron! I really appreciate your modern day examples and white board explanations- helping us see the story of this amazing canyon, and the processes of geology! ⭐⭐⭐
That was amazing. I have always wondered where those landscapes came from in places like China and Vietnam. Beautifully explained as always, Myron. Thank you for another great video.😊
Wonderful videography as well as presentation by Myron Cook. This is awesome! At first, I was thinking some music could go behind the majestic canyon shots, but I enjoyed the silence as well!
We exist within a perception of time that complicates understanding the timescales of large scale universal processes. You do a really great job of explaining geologic process while barely mentioning the time periods involved, in a way that makes it easier to understand.
Wow. I'm a Floridian. South West FL. Thanks for sharing your knowledge. My friends dive and have told me many great stories about these underwater caverns. I have seen many great videos of these underwater passages.
I love your style of presentation. Rather than just tell, you ask us questions then guide us to the answers. Really effective teaching/learning method! (I've learned a lot from your videos.)
I grew up in Florida. A few times in my youth I found sink holes in the woods. Carefully repelling down there are connnecting caves to explore if the water has drained out.
Hi, Myron, enjoy your educational and gorgeous videos so much, never to old to learn about geology (I am 75)...also enjoy your enthusiasm and warm heartedness. Happy Holidays!
I live in Florida and the way it looks, it won’t exist in say a million years. With all the sinkholes we have, we are just going to sink into the ocean and the Gulf. We can’t afford to lose any more land.
What a great day! I just found this channel. I am a very old woman, not college educated but with an insatiable curiosity about the prehistoric history of our planet and a keen interest in the astro physics videos.
I had a wonderful Earth Science teacher back in Junior High School and at 66 as I watched this outstanding video I felt like I was back in that classroom. Thank you so much for today's lesson. You like Nick Zenter who also teaches Geology here on TH-cam captivate your viewers. By the way, I live in SW Florida. 😊
Great video as always, Myron! I’d love to see you cover the Appalachian Mountains in a future video. There’s so much fascinating history and geology to explore there!
The limestone poses a problem for Florida, especially Miami. In a period of rising sea levels (like now), Miami is impossible to defend with a sea wall; the rising sea simply goes under the sea wall through the porus rock. The salt water also takes out the freshwater lens that southern Florida depends on for freshwater. An interesting problem to say the least.
Sort of true but not completely. In fact, the USACE had plans drawn up just to handle that eventuality. Not all the rock under South Florida is the same. In fact even at the surface level it is not the same from place to place. The Biscayne Aquifer sits on top of that harder rock that the sea water would not enter. Depth of that rock ranges from ground level to about 240 feet further North ( Boca Raton ). Not at all hard to seal off using a curtain wall system. In the Miami area it is ~80 feet down to the imperious layer. But then you run into the problem of the Western part of the area. Again a curtain wall was proposed running along the C-111 Canal ( L-31N Levy ). But once you build those curtain walls, you have to figure out how you are going to get rid of the excess water that would build up inside them. We already have that problem in cases where we have a very wet Tropical Storm or Hurricane that decides to linger. At times we have seen 25 inches of rain in a 24 hour period. And I recorded in an NWS rain gage a 2" rainfall in 15 minutes. Our system is only designed currently to handle 3/4 of an inch in 24 hours. So if a curtain sea wall was built, Miami would still face flooding just it would be from fresh water and not salt water. And to handle that, again the USACE had plans. Large Pump Stations along the coast where the rivers and creeks ( now canals ) drain currently.
Another awesome (and I use that term advisedly!) video, Myron. But glacial breccias? At least in deposits formed by glaciation itself, you're not going to find them, because the moving ice is so good at grinding things down. Sure, you're going to find broken rock falling on glaciers, but unless its stagnant, the tills are going to be overwhelmingly more common! As a denizen of a postglacial landscape, I am mystified by some of the erosional deposts I've seen in the American southwest. Heading out of Las Vegas for the Grand Canyon, the road cuts through what I could swear was a till, but there have surely been no glaciers there recently.... I'd love you to treat erosion of all kinds that you would find in Colorado river drainage!
Aahh! Thank you once again, Myron, for yet another 22 kicked-back minutes of entertainment and learning. It always makes me smile when I notice a new MC in my TH-cam notifications.
I have now watched all of your videos. What a wonderful treasure trove of beautiful landscapes, with a fascinating narrative explaining it all. I am an Englishman, and way back in the nineties I drove thousands of miles in the midwest. I was captivated by the geology and I shall never forget it. Thank you so much for your work in producing these, some of the best videos on TH-cam.
As an aircraft engineer in The Netherlands this stuff is non of my business but i find your sharp eye on geologic clues of historic events in nature fascinating. I'm sold on your geo-video's.
Another great video, Myron! I was pushing the idea this breccia was from a massive tsunami/tsunamis. But, your explanation finally guided me in the correct direction! Thank you.
@NicoleVoracka has brought up a subject like one I have also been wondering about involving stone spheres. On the east coast of the UK, fossil hunters regularly find trilobites and other fossilized creatures in stone spheres. Thank you for another fascinating video.
This is truly fascinating! Thank you for another excellent, easy to understand geology lesson, Myron :) I really enjoyed your explanation of how cenotes are formed. All the best from Brittany, western France.
Limestone is primarily formed when the remains of marine organisms, like coral and shellfish, with shells made of calcium carbonate accumulate on the ocean floor, decompose, and over time become compacted and cemented together under pressure, creating a solid rock mass. When you talk about the shelf around florida, and the rapid rising of water which "drowned them", it makes it sound like the shelf was created while out of the water.
The only sad part about this video is we will not be here to see the beauty imagined in another 5k to 1M years from now. Excellent episode, thanks for sharing.
Hi Myron, Wyoming sure is a big state (I'm in Maryland, which is much smaller). I would guess there is a lot of iron in that Breccia layer to explain the red coloration, which seems in concert with your findings. Yes, I noticed that the Breccia layer seems continuous and not spotty the way I would expect Cenotes at be.
It starts out above my understanding, but I made myself be patient and listened and as you explained , I started understanding more and more , so thank you . I enjoyed all the new information and ideas. 👍🌷. Your a great teacher
Morning coffee with Myron , I love Saturday mornings ❤. Thanks mate your so informative and make a boring subject extremely interesting . Wish I had teachers like you back in school!
Absolutely fascinating. Is Ha Long Bay in Vietnam another example? I believe your New Guinea photo may have been Raja Ampat? I was there but did not realize what i was seeing. Thanks for a great video.
Dr. Cook, I should have added. I am aware of snow avalanches. For decades I skied the high and far. Skiing the top of yesterday's avalanche is terribly erose. Much like if a farmer had covered his fields in rounded granite boulders, you are skiing a rock garden. Snow sliding down a mountain trades potential energy for heat. The snow warms with the exact amount of energy in relation to the change in elevation. Often, rolling snow compacted slush balls when the slide comes to rest, and freezes rock hard in minutes or hours. And the surface looks exactly as erose as your cliff face layers.
Very cool. To complete the story, it looks like the karst terrain was uplifted for a time and formed caves, which collapsed. Then it was submerged again, and buried under new layers of limestone. And then it was again covered with sedimentary rock ,before being uplifted again, and eroded into canyons.
@@myroncook Cool to know. I guess that's a whole other video about how the ocean basins get more and less shallow, changing sea level in the process. But surely there was a bit of both, I mean, that location is very high up now.
I've had a few ask about the impact crater Chicxulub and the formation of cenotes. The limestone which the cenotes formed in was deposited AFTER the impact. However, the impact most certainly would have fractured the older underlying limestone which could enhance the future development of cenotes in later younger limestone deposits. There is evidence that there are more cenotes along edge of the impact where massive fracturing and faulting occurred. It is important to note that there would be cenotes and other karst features without the impact. All limestone becomes fractured through time and also has bedding planes that allow for the fresh water to flow through and dissolve the rock. Bottom line; the impact created more fractures than normal which lead to the formation of more cenotes (much later) than without the impact.
A couple of viewers have informed me that I pronounced the Floridan aquifer wrong....I said it as "Floridian"...oops
Sorry, I had to, I sit atop it, and I'm a hydogeo.. so...
For that matter, it is not SUB-sid-ence (sid like sit = no-no). The correct pronunciation is sub-SIDE-ence, from subside or subSIDE with just -ence tacked on. The word come from subside, not from subsidy. Google "robot to pronounce subsidence" and the computer does all the example work.
geologists use it both ways
Mr. Cook, as a lifelong resident of the State of Florida, I encourage you to pronounce the name of our aquifer in whichever manner works best for you.
Those who choose to belittle others who have learned words and names by reading text in the absence of hearing them pronounced are a bit shameful in my opinion.
Thank you for what you do. I hope you had a great time in the Canyons.
"Floridan" is what I've usually heard it called in the mining industry here, but either way is acceptable. Floridians are sometimes called Floridiots too.
It's always a good day when another Myron Cook video drops..
Too true!
@@Ichijoe2112 why does it give you some thing to jerkoff to?
Oh no better sell all of my properties. Yeah right. Wake up dude
@@Martin-mt3wz Wat?
The Mr. Rogers of geology
I was a geology major once upon a time before I was called to another life. Still love learning more, so I am happy to have your videos!
01:44 The way you describe the beauty of the canyon and its geological history is truly captivating! Your ability to connect the stunning landscape with deep time and natural processes is inspiring and makes me appreciate the world in a whole new way. Thank you for sharing this incredible insight!
thanks!
AQUI FORA ELES VAI SER CAÇADO E PRESO E RESPODER CRIMINALMENTE E ORDEM GLOBAL ELE VAI TER INTERVENÇÃO INTERNACIONAIS #ACT
Thinking about deep time in terms of geological features is such a humbling thing. My background is in astronomy and astrophysics, so ive mostly been humbled by the sheer size of the universe. With geology, I have another direction to be humbled in, but in this case its with time instead of space
Here's another example of Einsteins special relativity at work, it seems space and time are truly inexplicably connected
I was gonna say are they not the same
@@autotek7930 two faces of the same coin
Deep time - Yes, that concept was first formulated in the 1700s and pushed by atheist philosopher David Hume, along with The Comte de Buffon in France, and Erasmus Darwin (grandfather of Charles), to name a few; but what evidence did they have?.
I've heard someone once say astronomy shows us our insignificance in space, and geology in time.
I live here in Florida, and made a well at a ranch a while ago. At first we only dug about 30 feet down and the water we got out of it had an extremely high concentration of iron. If you filled a bucket with water and left it out for a few hours, it would turn completely red and opaque. It wasn't until we took the well deeper that we got clean water.
This was in the SW region.
right. That's not on the aquifer. To get on it you gotta get further North but stay away from the East coast.
@leecowell8165
Well I don't know if it technically is or not, but at least the water that comes out of here is freshwater, and that's how all the houses in my area get water too.
@@leecowell8165 I live in the Ichetucknee springs area. Beautiful, pristine water here.
We called that egg water, lol, smells like sulfur, tastes nasty, turns all your toilets, tubs, and sinks orange, as well as your hair. You pulled from a shallow, surface level source that’s pretty much from ground water. Everyone along the coast uses it and use water filtration and softeners. You can’t really drill too deep or you start getting salt water inclusion.
I live about a mile from the Indian River, which is brackish. Tween the Indian River and the Atlantic is Cape Canaveral. Our well is 150 feet deep and the water is a little better. You can’t really drill drink it w/o filtering it, but it still leaves a rusty looking spot where the tub faucet drips. A little CLR handles it. We still have a water treatment system that removes iron, so it tastes better. Also, still not the aquifer. All that is on top of the limestone.
But go inland, the Ocala area, and all down the spine of Florida, and the water is amazing! My parents had a horse farm between Williston and Bronson, and their well was 500’ deep. That water was exactly the same water that Zepherhills pumped up and bottled! Sweet, clear, lovely. That’s water that has filtered down through the limestone and into the aquifer. It’s said the reason the thoroughbred industry happened in Ocala was because of that calcium rich water.
Right down the road from our farm was a place called Devil’s Den, an underground swimmin hole. We’d sneak onto the place, climb one of the live oaks that hung over the hole, and dive in. It’s a popular commercial venture now. But my mom would laugh and say ‘get out of my drinking water!’ when she knew we’d been swimming there.
@@leecowell8165 I’ll keep my east coast water. If you have spring water coming out of your well it’s because you live on a sinkhole. 😮
Sobering thoughts. As a Floridian for 51 years, I always thought Florida was just a big sand bar. He explains that the sporatic sink holes over our limestone strata (2500' deep) will expand over millions of years. Right now more coastal high-rise condos are experiencing foundation settlement causing costly damage to buildings. 13:06 He is suggesting parts of Florida will eventually collapse under water!
Yes. It's not very good news for the iguanas and gators. Saltwater is bound to take over.
Oh yes. Sealevel rise will submerge most of Florida
Yeah Florida is in the long term doomed to sea level rise and karst subsidence collapse though given time as the active margin in the Caribbean is expected to develop into the Atlantic Florida will likely rise again in some form or fashion millions of years from now. In the more short term as that freshwater aquifer is both being overdrawn with rising sea levels seawater is infiltrating it.
Though if we want to get into sobering consequences and the likes compared to seawater a bigger issue for aquifers is Florida's extremely lax and loosely followed regulations of sewage and septic systems as the porous rock means those contaminated fluids get into the aquafers and mix with agricultural run off ultimately flowing out to sea where they feed massive eutrophication algal blooms and red tide events visible from satellites. Horrible for fishing and tourism.
@@Dragrath1I live in Titusville. Seems every month there’s a warning to boil water, and sewage has been dumped in Mosquito lagoon and Indian river. Disgusting.
In fact.. The high rises were in South Florida. They were not constructed with the correct Footings, pilings and foundations. and most were built with underground parking... Not a great Idea in areas that get tidal surges. As an Engineer, I see the same poor construction all the way from Florida to NY... Florida seems to be the bulls eye for those who are politically motivated.. Amazing how all these Florida stories seem to stop at the State lines of Georgia and Alabama. I don't think we need to worry about 1 million years from now.. the earth is constantly changing. and man's may destroy the earth before natural force do.
Myron Cook is such a talented educator! He makes geology so easy to understand. These videos all seem like they could be on PBS
Agreed, absolutely wonderful.
Myron is totally the Marty Stouffer of geology.
You have the best geology videos. Appreciate the time you spend on them
You take me where I've been many times and make it new again. Thank you so much.
Im glad theres a new video. I've been binge watching the channel and running out of unwatched videos.
Keep up the outstanding work.
I love your perspective on time and how you break down the changes between deposition, erosion, etc all in the same location. I started me geology journey watching you and it’s become a real passion of mine. I picked up a roadside geology book for my state and have learned so much
Awesome! Thank you!
NÃO DEIXA BIDEN TRUMP OBAMA BUSH CLINTON ELON MUSK TODOS LIGADO A SHORTS AI ESTA O PONTO SER NOT E PUCHAR O FIO DA LIGAÇÃO DE CONTATOS ENTRE ELE EM ESTALAÇAO EM ESCUTAS #ACT
Thanks for another wonderful teaching video. I would never have guessed the irregular positioned red rock in cliffs in your areas like that - what it looks like as founded so long ago compared to newer cases like Florida, and especially such visible ones as in Yucatan. I enjoy the things you teach so well, how to see what something looks like after such long and different lengths of form and change.
Thank you so much for sharing this! A masterclass not only in geology but in teaching in general! Thank you!
I agree.
Appreciate you taking the time to go down to Tulum to shoot this video. The sacrifices you make in the name of teaching geology are commendable!
Nice little tax write off on a trip to the beach - would be negligent not to see it in person 😏
Did you say geology? Don't you mean atheism?
:)
@@rocketscientisttoo _"Reality is that which, when you stop believing in it, doesn’t go away"_ - Philip K. Dick
Seriously, this is science (and critical thinking, and deductive logic). Let's leave religions out of it.
@@rocketscientisttoo In my opinion, learning about geological history is a great way to gain a deeper appreciation for all the majestic beauty we find all around us. It's a great way to gain a deeper appreciation of all of creation.
You, sir, have the soul of a poet. Always informative and enticing. Thanks!!😎
thank you!
Your exposition of geologic time is fascinating; profoundly fascinating! Marvelous! Thanks!
but not more than a guess anchored to how much money you will lose if you do not tow the line.
This is the kind of material I love to find online, great and fun way to learn about our beautiful planet! I love this and the way is presented. Thank you so much for sharing!
Amazing! 20 minutes explanation of beautiful caves, cenotes, limestone dissolution and karst collapses - and then all of a sudden "no, that's not the case..."! Great trick to make amazing video!!!
Myron embodies all the very best traits of scientists and educators, and none of the bad. No snobby elitism, no preaching marxism, just a dude with an epic beard, a sense of wonder, curiosity about the world, and really glad to share his immense knowledge with us .Top tier youtuber for sure, we're lucky to have him!
Lol 😂 Are the Marxists in the room with us now?
Please leave your politics out of geology
Bro is so scared to death by fox news he thinks every educator is a Marxist. Lol
@@jayaltairiI think that was what he was praising Myron for: not being political.
@@Kingzzxepic Lol man, I don't watch fox news, I've been a liberal my whole life. I've just seen a lot of marxism in academia, myself. I hope you have a really great day tho bro, being dismissive to people about things they know are true via their lived experience, is a big part of the sickness that has grown in the left, and why kamala lost, and the dem party is just done politically and culturally. Lets look to the future my friend, its bright.
Wow! That was so interesting! And your photography in Wyoming is incredible. Thank you Myron for another great video!
Thank you for continuing to create quality content!
Thanks 🙏🏻👍🏻
That drone shot at 1:40 - stunning!!
Really beautiful stuff, thank you for being so generous with your knowledge and taking us on these adventures with you.
I am learning so much from your videos. I had no idea a person can tell so much from looking at rock. Keep up the good work
It's great to see you again, Myron! Keep up the amazing work
it is amazing, just like what my favorite magician does.
I’ve daydreamed about the geological similarities between the Yucatán and Florida more than once. It’s nice to know my time was not wasted and to learn the larger picture. Thank you.
Like wise from Tasmania.
I look forward to your videos. Every one of them opens my mind to new things. This one did not disappoint.
Always enjoy watching your geology videos. This is right up there and answers lots of my questions about how different places in the world look strangely alike.
Absolutely love your channel and work! Thank you, Sir!!
I’ve been a secret sub for the last few months…maybe even a year. I’ve been catching up. I’m just a curious gal feeling like a microscopic dot in Earth’s timeline.
I love your content. What I have learned other than the physical aspects of our earth’s changes is that it has always survived. One way or another. Renewing its self and its life forms. And that earth will continue to evolve with or without us. We truly have been given the ultimate opportunity.
Thank you for your content. 🌲
heaven ad earth will pass away
17:32 - Just south of Gainesville, Florida, is a feature called "Paynes Prairie". I have a buddy from school at UF who's father remembers the feature being a lake and a regular ferry service across the lake to Micanopy. On year a hurricane blew in, and the ground opened up, and the lake disappeared creating the "Prairie". Ranchers started using the land to graze cattle. After a number of years the sinkhole got clogged and the lake began to refill. The ranchers dynamited the sinkhole to open it up again. After a few years, a unique ecosystem evolved on the "prairie", and the lake began to refill, and the ecologists studying the feature dynamited the sinkhole to open it up again. Since then, the ranchers and ecologists have conspired to keep the lake from re-appearing...
interesting!
Paynes Prairie is fascinating. Had a herd of bison at one point. It’s much bigger than people think, too. There’s been a huge drive to preserve it in the last 50 years, and most is now a protected state park. Which as you can imagine makes the ranchers angry.
It’s visibly a sunken area. It’s not just relatively flat, it dips down too. There’s plants and critters out there that are nowhere else in Florida. It’s slowly becoming marshy again over most of it. And sometimes there’s a small lake in it. But it comes and goes depending on rain fall and sink hole activities. Still some feral cattle, horses, and hogs out there. Maybe even a few bison.
Other notable features to check out in that area; The Devil’s Millhopper, a very deep and old sink hole you can walk down stairs into, on the Newberry side of Gainesville, and Devils Den, west of Williston, which is west of Gainesville. And next time you fly in or out of Orlando, look out the window and notice all the circular ponds and lakes; old sinkholes.
Manatee Springs, Blue Springs, Wakulla Springs (found a mastodon skeleton in that one,) Ginnie Springs, and of course Silver Springs, to name just a few; all started as sink holes. We even have caverns. Called, uh, Florida Caverns, xD
Myron, your videos are (and should be used as) a masterclass in great education. This is the polar opposite of the canned curriculum approach that has been pressed into so many classrooms, an open invitation to be curious about the world, to indulge a little question about a funny-looking rock with an enthusiastic mentor.
I’m thinking back to my years in the classroom (as a student), and it strikes me that I can’t even remember the names or the faces of some of the people who I spent an hour or more with for 180 days; in contrast, there are others who shine in my memory. In retrospect, the difference is about things like that little tree in your cross-section-a detail that I can imagine my former associate principal (when I had become a teacher myself) would have frowned at (followed up in the post-observation with a snotty remark about “distractions” and “lost instructional time).
That little tree, and the moment of fun that let me relax for a second before wrapping my brain around a new chunk of information, is an illustration of how a great educator transcends above the bulleted list of learning objectives and creates a distinct memory that anchors its roots in my mind long after the actual details of the lesson have been assimilated into the greater tree of knowledge that grows around it (pardon my slip into the fanciful metaphor; yet another thing that I got an earful about during the bi-annual assessment when I realized that I could no longer abide by the direction my administration had acceded to).
Apologies for the digression and the ridiculously lengthy comment, but your videos are an inspiration, and I hope that you continue to breathe life out into the world via your whiteboards, hikes, guided questioning, and wide drone shots for as long as it brings you joy!
POVO O YELLOWSTONE ACABA DE ENTRAR EM ERUPÇÃO ISSO E CAUSADO POR ELES VIU #ACT
Yay, Myron!
Happy to see you again!👍🏻
Looks like I have watched all your videos, Myron. I think I'll simply watch them all over again. That's what learning is all about, isn't it? Apart from that, I have got used to your gentleness and dedication. ❤
Went digging on the net about sinkholes and found this map: Karst Map Of Conterminous United States 2020. Your videos
on geology are always so fascinating Myron.
Wonderful video, thanks Myron! I really appreciate your modern day examples and white board explanations- helping us see the story of this amazing canyon, and the processes of geology! ⭐⭐⭐
That was amazing. I have always wondered where those landscapes came from in places like China and Vietnam. Beautifully explained as always, Myron. Thank you for another great video.😊
Wonderful video, I so enjoy learning about geology with you. So much fun, you are a treasure!! Thank you for sharing and teaching!!
Hello my friend. Always good to see you.
Hey, thanks
Your simple pleasure in examining and explaining these geological phenomena is just contagious...keep up the great work!
Many thanks!
Wonderful videography as well as presentation by Myron Cook. This is awesome! At first, I was thinking some music could go behind the majestic canyon shots, but I enjoyed the silence as well!
We exist within a perception of time that complicates understanding the timescales of large scale universal processes. You do a really great job of explaining geologic process while barely mentioning the time periods involved, in a way that makes it easier to understand.
Fascinating as always. Thank You.
WOW, what an ending! It's always bugged me how that part of the world got to be that way. Thanks Myron, can't wait till the next adventure : )
So much love and admiration for Earth in your videos. This is how I believe our planet should be treated.
amazing landscape, thanks for sharing
Hey Mr Cook, always enjoy your geology lessons! Keep up the great work! Hello from Nova Scotia, Canada.😀👍👌✌
been there...great sea food!
Another great teaching video. Thank you Mr Cook.
Teaching or is that indoctrinating?
Wow. I'm a Floridian. South West FL. Thanks for sharing your knowledge. My friends dive and have told me many great stories about these underwater caverns. I have seen many great videos of these underwater passages.
Great job Myron 👏 - Amazing video.
Thank you Myron. I always am happy to see what you have for us.
I love your style of presentation. Rather than just tell, you ask us questions then guide us to the answers. Really effective teaching/learning method! (I've learned a lot from your videos.)
Great job! The possible geology of tomorrow is excellent subject!
Stunning views. Thank you.
I grew up in Florida. A few times in my youth I found sink holes in the woods. Carefully repelling down there are connnecting caves to explore if the water has drained out.
neat
Hi, Myron, enjoy your educational and gorgeous videos so much, never to old to learn
about geology (I am 75)...also enjoy your enthusiasm and warm heartedness. Happy Holidays!
Thank you, Happy Holidays to you too!
Thank you, Myron; I always look forward to your studies and vistas.
I live in Florida and the way it looks, it won’t exist in say a million years. With all the sinkholes we have, we are just going to sink into the ocean and the Gulf. We can’t afford to lose any more land.
Thanks Myron. I always enjoy.
What a great day! I just found this channel. I am a very old woman, not college educated but with an insatiable curiosity about the prehistoric history of our planet and a keen interest in the astro physics videos.
great to have you!
I had a wonderful Earth Science teacher back in Junior High School and at 66 as I watched this outstanding video I felt like I was back in that classroom. Thank you so much for today's lesson. You like Nick Zenter who also teaches Geology here on TH-cam captivate your viewers. By the way, I live in SW Florida. 😊
Great video as always, Myron! I’d love to see you cover the Appalachian Mountains in a future video. There’s so much fascinating history and geology to explore there!
The limestone poses a problem for Florida, especially Miami. In a period of rising sea levels (like now), Miami is impossible to defend with a sea wall; the rising sea simply goes under the sea wall through the porus rock. The salt water also takes out the freshwater lens that southern Florida depends on for freshwater. An interesting problem to say the least.
Sort of true but not completely. In fact, the USACE had plans drawn up just to handle that eventuality. Not all the rock under South Florida is the same. In fact even at the surface level it is not the same from place to place. The Biscayne Aquifer sits on top of that harder rock that the sea water would not enter. Depth of that rock ranges from ground level to about 240 feet further North ( Boca Raton ). Not at all hard to seal off using a curtain wall system. In the Miami area it is ~80 feet down to the imperious layer. But then you run into the problem of the Western part of the area. Again a curtain wall was proposed running along the C-111 Canal ( L-31N Levy ). But once you build those curtain walls, you have to figure out how you are going to get rid of the excess water that would build up inside them. We already have that problem in cases where we have a very wet Tropical Storm or Hurricane that decides to linger. At times we have seen 25 inches of rain in a 24 hour period. And I recorded in an NWS rain gage a 2" rainfall in 15 minutes. Our system is only designed currently to handle 3/4 of an inch in 24 hours. So if a curtain sea wall was built, Miami would still face flooding just it would be from fresh water and not salt water. And to handle that, again the USACE had plans. Large Pump Stations along the coast where the rivers and creeks ( now canals ) drain currently.
This guy read the rocks like a book! I love deep time and to understand how it all happens. Thanks Dr Cook!
Another awesome (and I use that term advisedly!) video, Myron. But glacial breccias? At least in deposits formed by glaciation itself, you're not going to find them, because the moving ice is so good at grinding things down. Sure, you're going to find broken rock falling on glaciers, but unless its stagnant, the tills are going to be overwhelmingly more common! As a denizen of a postglacial landscape, I am mystified by some of the erosional deposts I've seen in the American southwest. Heading out of Las Vegas for the Grand Canyon, the road cuts through what I could swear was a till, but there have surely been no glaciers there recently.... I'd love you to treat erosion of all kinds that you would find in Colorado river drainage!
I have never seen a glacial breccia but there is no reason it couldn't happen and I fully expect that it has
Aahh! Thank you once again, Myron, for yet another 22 kicked-back minutes of entertainment and learning. It always makes me smile when I notice a new MC in my TH-cam notifications.
This video just kepot me from total despair after a horrible two weeks. Geologic time is soothing.
Excellent geologic discovery, thank you!
I have now watched all of your videos. What a wonderful treasure trove of beautiful landscapes, with a fascinating narrative explaining it all. I am an Englishman, and way back in the nineties I drove thousands of miles in the midwest. I was captivated by the geology and I shall never forget it. Thank you so much for your work in producing these, some of the best videos on TH-cam.
Many thanks!
As a Floridian I really appreciated you teaching me whats going on under my feet! Knowledge makes the world so much more interesting!
Yay another video from Myron
As an aircraft engineer in The Netherlands this stuff is non of my business but i find your sharp eye on geologic clues of historic events in nature fascinating. I'm sold on your geo-video's.
cool!
Myron Cook is the Sherlock Holmes of Geology. Always looking for clues and cleverly reconstructing a timeline of geologic events. Simply AMAZING.
You are the best Professor and I was born and raised in Florida, You can say it whatever way you want to sir! Thank you for what you do!!!!
What's another pearl gift !!! Thank you Myron.
Really enjoying watching your videos Learning lots about the earth environment and grounds etc, Keep up your videos for more to come!Thank you Sir
Truly enjoyed the video and the reminder that "It came to pass. It didn't come to stay."
Always fascinating! ❤❤
Another great video, Myron! I was pushing the idea this breccia was from a massive tsunami/tsunamis. But, your explanation finally guided me in the correct direction! Thank you.
Myron, wow... do you ever not just totally ROCK every video? Great again!
I love your videos, Myron! Always enjoy seeing your videos in my feed. Keep up the great work!
@NicoleVoracka has brought up a subject like one I have also been wondering about involving stone spheres. On the east coast of the UK, fossil hunters regularly find trilobites and other fossilized creatures in stone spheres.
Thank you for another fascinating video.
This is truly fascinating! Thank you for another excellent, easy to understand geology lesson, Myron :) I really enjoyed your explanation of how cenotes are formed. All the best from Brittany, western France.
Limestone is primarily formed when the remains of marine organisms, like coral and shellfish, with shells made of calcium carbonate accumulate on the ocean floor, decompose, and over time become compacted and cemented together under pressure, creating a solid rock mass. When you talk about the shelf around florida, and the rapid rising of water which "drowned them", it makes it sound like the shelf was created while out of the water.
Phenomenal content!
Your videos are amazing, thank you!
You've brought so many people peace with these videos.
Merry Christmas!
The only sad part about this video is we will not be here to see the beauty imagined in another 5k to 1M years from now. Excellent episode, thanks for sharing.
Hi Myron, Wyoming sure is a big state (I'm in Maryland, which is much smaller).
I would guess there is a lot of iron in that Breccia layer to explain the red coloration, which seems in concert with your findings.
Yes, I noticed that the Breccia layer seems continuous and not spotty the way I would expect Cenotes at be.
It starts out above my understanding, but I made myself be patient and listened and as you explained , I started understanding more and more , so thank you . I enjoyed all the new information and ideas. 👍🌷. Your a great teacher
I appreciate the encouragement to really look closely and notice things
I love and look foreword to these moments of being in a different world/time through your narration and video style.
Morning coffee with Myron , I love Saturday mornings ❤.
Thanks mate your so informative and make a boring subject extremely interesting .
Wish I had teachers like you back in school!
Very nice! Thank you, Myron, for the REAL science and knowledge.
Best channel on TH-cam!
Absolutely fascinating. Is Ha Long Bay in Vietnam another example? I believe your New Guinea photo may have been Raja Ampat? I was there but did not realize what i was seeing. Thanks for a great video.
yes
Perfect video this morning while I sip on my coffee ☕️. Thank you, Mr. Cook, you are amazing.
I see I’m not alone in being excited about getting to enjoy one of your videos. Thanks and have a good one!
Dr. Cook, I should have added. I am aware of snow avalanches. For decades I skied the high and far. Skiing the top of yesterday's avalanche is terribly erose. Much like if a farmer had covered his fields in rounded granite boulders, you are skiing a rock garden. Snow sliding down a mountain trades potential energy for heat. The snow warms with the exact amount of energy in relation to the change in elevation. Often, rolling snow compacted slush balls when the slide comes to rest, and freezes rock hard in minutes or hours. And the surface looks exactly as erose as your cliff face layers.
Very cool. To complete the story, it looks like the karst terrain was uplifted for a time and formed caves, which collapsed. Then it was submerged again, and buried under new layers of limestone. And then it was again covered with sedimentary rock ,before being uplifted again, and eroded into canyons.
better to say sea level changed...very similar to land uplifting
@@myroncook Cool to know. I guess that's a whole other video about how the ocean basins get more and less shallow, changing sea level in the process. But surely there was a bit of both, I mean, that location is very high up now.