Thank you. If I were to post a critique, I would suggest firstly that Piaget should have been included (I have noticed that you have done a later video on Piaget) and also that the names of the theorists be visible next to their photos. The sound was, as many people have pointed out, a bit low, but when using a headset was clear enough. Other than that, it is a good starting point for the theorists - well done.
Different countries spell things differently. Traditional english and simplified english changed a lot over the years between country to country. In short, what im trying to say is, that might just be how they've been brought up to spell it where they live.
Doesn't this just make you sad, knowing all this, yet *so* many parents haven't even put in the effort and that essentially ruin their children. Hopefully in the future we can come past this and happiness, success and great relationships aren't so illusive.
Thank you for this video. Sound is perfect on my side and I can overlook the spelling mistakes because your narrative helps me understand. Very helpful 👏🏽 Ignore negative comments
All these theories deals with formation of identity. Which is different from formation of personality... Identity : deals with individual and how they relate to society or groups..
Here is all of the CC text in case you'd like: Voiceover: Okay so you're probably looking at this screen and wondering who in the world are these four men that I have put on on the screen.
Well these four men we're gonna look at.
At are very important in understanding theories of development.
So that's what we're gonna talk about in this,
in this video are the different theories of development.
And it would be nice if I could spell it properly. (laughs) There we go. Okay. So, up here, we have Freud. Over here, we have Erikson. Over here is Vygotsky. And last, we have Kohlberg. So, development. Let's start off by defining what it is. Development is the series of age related changes that happen over the course of a life span.
So people pass through different stages in a specific
order and each stage builds on top of another. And we develop capacities through those stages. Built upon the previous stage.
So these four men had four different theories of how we develop.
And the first we're going to take a look at is Freud, Sigmund Freud.
So, Freud proposed the psychosexual theory of development.
So let's write that down here. So, he was.
He was important in starting off the psychosexual theory
that describes how personality develops during childhood.
That's also another key term.
He looked at how we developed through childhood, and
he actually believed that early childhood was the most important.
Most important age or period in which most of our personalitie's developed.
He said that most of our personality is established by the age of five.
And he says that early experiences play a large role in
personality development and that continues to influence behavior later in life.
And his theory was built upon five stages, which we'll get into a little bit later.
But, if these five stages are completed successfully, the result is a healthy personality.
And certain issues, if they're not resolved at a certain
stage and we move ahead to the next stage, then. Something called fixation can happen.
So that's another key term that we'll take a look at a little later.
So that's the psychosexual theory of Freud. Now the second key player.
Or key person that we're gonna look at was Kohlberg.
Sorry not Kohlberg, Erikson.
And Erikson talked about the psychosocial development theory.
So in this theory, he proposed, Eric Erikson proposed.
That personality development occurs through one's entire lifespan.
So, you can already see how it's a little different
from Freud who said personality, most of it's established in childhood.
So he believed that each stage of
development again, was focused on overcoming a conflict.
And success or failure in dealing with these conflicts
at each stage can impact overall functioning of a person.
And he proposed a theory that had eight stages, which we'll take a look at a little later. So in each stage, people faced new challenges and
the stages outcome depends on how people handle these challenges.
The next person was Lev Vykotsky, who was a Russian theorist.
And what Lev said and developed
was the sociocultural, cognitive development theory.
So, socio-cultural and how it's heavily influenced by cognitive development.
And, what Vygotsky believed was that children learn actively and through hands on experiences.
So it's a very, it's an active process through which through which we develop.
And his sociocultural theory suggests that parents, caregivers, peers
cultural beliefs, attitudes, and language are all responsible
for the development of this higher order function of learning.
And he said that a child internalizes the
information they get from the interaction with others.
So he was all about, how us as individuals are influenced
by those around us and the culture around us.
And then that is, that interaction is what is able to
guide children in their own performance and in their own development.
And his theory stresses this importance of
social interaction in the development of cognition.
So, fun fact, unfortunately, Vygotzky died at the age of 38.
So many of the parts of this theory are actually incomplete.
And the last theorist we're gonna take a look at was Lawrence Kohlberg.
And he developed the moral development theory.
So he looked at how we develop our morals throughout life.
He focused on moral reasoning or why people think
about think about the difference between right and wrong.
So right versus wrong. He believed that moral reasoning depends.
Depends on the level of cognitive development and proposed
that people pass through three levels of moral development.
So his was three stages, but each of
these three stages was further divided into two stages.
So altogether, there were six levels. And he came up with this theory after he did a lot of research with groups of children.
So he would present these children with a bunch of moral dilemma situations and then
after, he would interview the kids to find
out their reasoning behind their judgements in each
of the scenarios so he could ask them a bunch of questions and try to analyze
how they came to certain conclusions and reasoning behind how they solved each of these scenarios.
So, overall remember that Freud and Erikson looked at personality.
So they were focused on how personality develops.
Versus Vygotsky and Kohlberg were interested in how our cognition develops.
So their theories were heavily, heavily influenced by cognitive theories.
So this is a broad overview of the different
stages of development from four main and different perspectives.
There are a lot of other and much many more perspectives,
but we're going to focus on these four and so the
main takeaway from this is to keep in mind the similarities
and differences, as well as the focus of each of the theories.
And in the next set of videos, I'll go into more depth into each one of these theories.
The volume is a little low, and you presented the 8 stages of Viegotsky's sociocultural theory but you never went over them. Otherwise it's a great video and very informative.
In case anyone is having a hard time listening to the video (since the volume it is so low), look up child development videos, or human development videos.
It helps the general public, as well as practitioners, to learn the appropriate needs and expectations that are generally required for each stage of a person's development/age. For example: in Erikson's Psychosocial model, if a child is in Autonomy vs Shame, then we can expect them to say "no" more often, and want to do things themselves (for ex: wanting to put on their own shoes). A lot of 2 year olds are in this stage, and so it's important to give them some independence and freedom when they're in this stage so they develop a healthy sense of autonomy, rather than shame. These theories are kind of like a scaffold where it can inform practitioners on the overall wellbeing of the child, and where they may need some extra support.
Not sure why all of you are complaining. Watch the video or go away. If your crammed for time stop wasting what you do have and go watch somewhere else. Jesus. 1billion videos on youtube and people still find room to complain on a single one.
Piaget should be here too. Please pronounce your t's. It is im por Tan T. Sloppy speech lessons the effectiveness of an educational video. It is an epidemic and must be addressed!
They couldn't have you remake this video? Numerous mistakes spelling and accidentally calling Erikson Kohlberg. I imagine you were nervous but you should have been able to make a new video.
psycho sexual theory of development Sigmund Freud psycho social theory of development Erik Erikson Sociocltural cognitive development theory Lev Vygotsky Moral development theory Lawrence Kohlberg
0:04 "You're probably looking at the screen."
Me: looking at bag of chips feeling guilty
hahhaha
😂😂😂
Hy
Thank you. If I were to post a critique, I would suggest firstly that Piaget should have been included (I have noticed that you have done a later video on Piaget) and also that the names of the theorists be visible next to their photos.
The sound was, as many people have pointed out, a bit low, but when using a headset was clear enough.
Other than that, it is a good starting point for the theorists - well done.
please note volume is v low..:)
doczak69 then a) turn it up or b) go to an ENT and get ears checked
+shygirlnow2011 nooo this genuinely really quiet. even with a wireless speaker, with volume at its highest, it's quiet
i thought something was wrong with my tab.....volume is too low i agree
th-cam.com/video/af1nqOgDvqE/w-d-xo.html
\
Yes I cannot hear at all
Sound quality could be better, it's also very hard to hear.
It would be helpful if the names were listed above or below the pictures too, but this was a good overview!
😂
I never thought psychology would be very intriguing.. Thank you for the video
Where's Piaget?
ikr?
Generally lumped in with sociology, not psychology.
In the cognition playlist as his theories were about cognitive development, not social/sexual.
Why do you write Psycho without an H? It seems to be a spelling mistake but you repeated it twice. Any reason?!
Different countries spell things differently. Traditional english and simplified english changed a lot over the years between country to country. In short, what im trying to say is, that might just be how they've been brought up to spell it where they live.
I believe, she might have been stoned during this short perview
I love you. This video saved my ass. Thanks
Low volume is correct. Do not bother watching unless you have earphones.
How can you upload something with this POOOOR audio quality?!
Doesn't this just make you sad, knowing all this, yet *so* many parents haven't even put in the effort and that essentially ruin their children.
Hopefully in the future we can come past this and happiness, success and great relationships aren't so illusive.
You have explained those very interestingly.Thanks!
Good video but pleaseeeee consider proper mic etiquette.
Thank you for this video. Sound is perfect on my side and I can overlook the spelling mistakes because your narrative helps me understand. Very helpful 👏🏽 Ignore negative comments
Thank you for making this video-spelling--Psychosexual, and Psychosocial
“Fun fact: Vygotsky died at the age 34”.
How?
@@shanx7706 tubercolosiis
lmao fun fact cause we dont have more stages to learn about!
Noooooo! That man sounded so awesome!
Thanks 👍
Thanks for the content.
Loved this video! WOuld've been nice if you put their names next to their photos :)
Kohlberg's theory focuses on the Moral Development of a person, not Cognitive. She should've presented Piaget instead.
This is great what is this programme your writing on please.
Well explained !
All these theories deals with formation of identity. Which is different from formation of personality... Identity : deals with individual and how they relate to society or groups..
Thank you so much, my week has been a blur and then I found this video ❤️🥺
What program are you using to write on the screen? its very cool
The content might be good but I can't hear you!.
There is nothing wrong the the volume; try headphones. I am on 16/100 and I can hear it perfectly.
Thanks!...I'll try it.
Nice
SO UP HERE
No Piaget? Chomsky?
Q a Assrasassasassasaaaaaaaaaa@aaaaaaaaaaaaa@aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa@aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaQaaaaaaAAA@AAAaaaaaaaaaag
D moonw
+Alcatraz conocer .... Paiget ; deals with cognition development .. Chomsky ; language development.
I can't really hear the video. I'm studying for a BIG test and I was hoping this would help.
Pro tip: Turn on CC!
Here is all of the CC text in case you'd like:
Voiceover: Okay so you're probably looking at this screen and wondering who
in the world are these four men that I have put on on the screen.
Well these four men we're gonna look at.
At are very important in understanding theories of development.
So that's what we're gonna talk about in this,
in this video are the different theories of development.
And it would be nice if I could spell it properly.
(laughs) There we go.
Okay.
So, up here, we have Freud.
Over here, we have Erikson.
Over here is Vygotsky.
And last, we have Kohlberg.
So, development.
Let's start off by defining what it is.
Development is the series of age related changes
that happen over the course of a life span.
So people pass through different stages in a specific
order and each stage builds on top of another.
And we develop capacities through those stages.
Built upon the previous stage.
So these four men had four different theories of how we develop.
And the first we're going to take a look at is Freud, Sigmund Freud.
So, Freud proposed the psychosexual theory of development.
So let's write that down here.
So, he was.
He was important in starting off the psychosexual theory
that describes how personality develops during childhood.
That's also another key term.
He looked at how we developed through childhood, and
he actually believed that early childhood was the most important.
Most important age or period in which most of our personalitie's developed.
He said that most of our personality is established by the age of five.
And he says that early experiences play a large role in
personality development and that continues to influence behavior later in life.
And his theory was built upon five stages, which we'll get into a little bit later.
But, if these five stages are completed
successfully, the result is a healthy personality.
And certain issues, if they're not resolved at a certain
stage and we move ahead to the next stage, then.
Something called fixation can happen.
So that's another key term that we'll take a look at a little later.
So that's the psychosexual theory of Freud.
Now the second key player.
Or key person that we're gonna look at was Kohlberg.
Sorry not Kohlberg, Erikson.
And Erikson talked about the psychosocial development theory.
So in this theory, he proposed, Eric Erikson proposed.
That personality development occurs through one's entire lifespan.
So, you can already see how it's a little different
from Freud who said personality, most of it's established in childhood.
So he believed that each stage of
development again, was focused on overcoming a conflict.
And success or failure in dealing with these conflicts
at each stage can impact overall functioning of a person.
And he proposed a theory that had eight stages,
which we'll take a look at a little later.
So in each stage, people faced new challenges and
the stages outcome depends on how people handle these challenges.
The next person was Lev Vykotsky, who was a Russian theorist.
And what Lev said and developed
was the sociocultural, cognitive development theory.
So, socio-cultural and how it's heavily influenced by cognitive development.
And, what Vygotsky believed was that children
learn actively and through hands on experiences.
So it's a very, it's an active process through which through which we develop.
And his sociocultural theory suggests that parents, caregivers, peers
cultural beliefs, attitudes, and language are all responsible
for the development of this higher order function of learning.
And he said that a child internalizes the
information they get from the interaction with others.
So he was all about, how us as individuals are influenced
by those around us and the culture around us.
And then that is, that interaction is what is able to
guide children in their own performance and in their own development.
And his theory stresses this importance of
social interaction in the development of cognition.
So, fun fact, unfortunately, Vygotzky died at the age of 38.
So many of the parts of this theory are actually incomplete.
And the last theorist we're gonna take a look at was Lawrence Kohlberg.
And he developed the moral development theory.
So he looked at how we develop our morals throughout life.
He focused on moral reasoning or why people think
about think about the difference between right and wrong.
So right versus wrong.
He believed that moral reasoning depends.
Depends on the level of cognitive development and proposed
that people pass through three levels of moral development.
So his was three stages, but each of
these three stages was further divided into two stages.
So altogether, there were six levels.
And he came up with this theory after he
did a lot of research with groups of children.
So he would present these children with a bunch of moral dilemma situations and then
after, he would interview the kids to find
out their reasoning behind their judgements in each
of the scenarios so he could ask them a bunch of questions and try to analyze
how they came to certain conclusions and reasoning
behind how they solved each of these scenarios.
So, overall remember that Freud and Erikson looked at personality.
So they were focused on how personality develops.
Versus Vygotsky and Kohlberg were interested in how our cognition develops.
So their theories were heavily, heavily influenced by cognitive theories.
So this is a broad overview of the different
stages of development from four main and different perspectives.
There are a lot of other and much many more perspectives,
but we're going to focus on these four and so the
main takeaway from this is to keep in mind the similarities
and differences, as well as the focus of each of the theories.
And in the next set of videos, I'll go
into more depth into each one of these theories.
This would be a perfect video if you would have spoken up just a little. The content is head on. I really appreciate the breakdown.
The volume is a little low, and you presented the 8 stages of Viegotsky's sociocultural theory but you never went over them. Otherwise it's a great video and very informative.
I had to hook up my speakers...the volume was so low
put a gate on the mic, it sounds horrible. Too much room noise
your audio needs to make a careful recording.
Should’ve put the names of the guys by each picture as you were drawing as well
God-damn VOLUME
The volume is so low n this video😞
I was given the link for my online college class and can barely hear anything
In case anyone is having a hard time listening to the video (since the volume it is so low), look up child development videos, or human development videos.
volume is way too low, please upload again :(
Hey guys is there anyone who knows Psychology very well?
volume is very low that one can’t clearly get what you are saying.
had a hard time eating cereal while watching this with the volume so low
Why is it necessary to know the child development theories? What can we learn from psychological theories of development? @khanacademymedicine
It helps the general public, as well as practitioners, to learn the appropriate needs and expectations that are generally required for each stage of a person's development/age. For example: in Erikson's Psychosocial model, if a child is in Autonomy vs Shame, then we can expect them to say "no" more often, and want to do things themselves (for ex: wanting to put on their own shoes). A lot of 2 year olds are in this stage, and so it's important to give them some independence and freedom when they're in this stage so they develop a healthy sense of autonomy, rather than shame.
These theories are kind of like a scaffold where it can inform practitioners on the overall wellbeing of the child, and where they may need some extra support.
Thank you for the informative video! my only complaint is the audio is very quiet.
ur voice is not audible enough
Huh? I can't hear you. It looks like an interesting video, so there's that....
Not sure why all of you are complaining. Watch the video or go away. If your crammed for time stop wasting what you do have and go watch somewhere else. Jesus. 1billion videos on youtube and people still find room to complain on a single one.
Thank you
Chelsea thank you
You've misspelled everything.
please remake this video
ur audio is not clear.. make it louder pls
About the volume... Try earphones 😋
Just wanted to point out Psychosocial is spelled incorrectly.
What about Piaget?
Nice💕
Piaget??
Sound is bad
PUT ON uh the screen
who's he for psych
Volume low. Can't hear
ur volume is hell....
plz look on it
can you kindly speak into the mic rather than away from it, can hear a word your saying
Too bad the spelling errors take away from an otherwise good lecture. Sorry, but it totally discredits your professor :(
Voice is too low
why so quiet?
Volume is way too low
Psycho-social or psycosocial?
Psychosocial
Piaget should be here too. Please pronounce your t's. It is im por Tan T. Sloppy speech lessons the effectiveness of an educational video. It is an epidemic and must be addressed!
Lessens
I cannot hear
They couldn't have you remake this video? Numerous mistakes spelling and accidentally calling Erikson Kohlberg. I imagine you were nervous but you should have been able to make a new video.
Dx her mic popping sound is killing my ears
So HARD TO HEAR
4 men? Triggered
Wot in tarnation
Watch with headphones
The
Lol...cant hear...🧏♀️
That's not how you spell "psychosocial."
Boring ! Your volume is too low ..
P
stop making typos, women!
Disappointment. Can't hear well at all. Very poor insturctor
very lazy video but thats normal for you guys
psycho sexual theory of development Sigmund Freud
psycho social theory of development Erik Erikson
Sociocltural cognitive development theory Lev Vygotsky
Moral development theory Lawrence Kohlberg
Thank you for your insightful video, helped me to break it down. Awesome job
P