Get this Jacket here and use discount code PREPPINGGEAR for 10% off canadianpreparedness.com/collections/survival-clothing Winter survival kit (20210-2021) th-cam.com/video/-dEgqxb8Zhk/w-d-xo.html&lc=UgxItDFCZkQgBHjZA694AaABAg.9GO3glwXq8C9GO4TQjK-W2
You get so acclimated to the air conditioning...I used to have to bring my Level II from Minnesota to Phoenix visiting parents...used to sneak the window open at night to warm up.
I'm Polish I remember occasionally -30c .I would say there is huge difference between -20c and -30C. In -20c you can breath freely in -30 this is not so obvious ,without a scarf I feel like lungs clumps stick together like glue
Humidity plays just as big a factor in the winter with the cold as it does in the summer with the heat. -30 in not so bad with low humidity. That said the wind tends to play a bigger role in feeling cold.
There is nothing worse then walking across campus in the morning in -20 degree weather and having to yawn. even through a scarf, that deep of a breath always leaves me coughing.
I’d like to say I love your videos. I am a woman in my 50s and no one in my family takes all this seriously. However I watch your videos and take notes and learn and hope when the shtf that I can pass on this knowledge to some younger person who has a chance of survival. Me? No I doubt it. I do have a lot of healthcare skills, first aid CPR and even delivered a baby, but health wise myself not great with a neuro muscular condition. I am cool with not surviving but I would like my children to do so and so I keep watching your videos and am slowly getting some of the things you mention plus clear instructions. I’ve always known the global disaster was coming and it was why I got trained in the things I said. Nothing is a wasted learning experience. I did make my son go on the last CPR first aid course with me under the guise of needing help because of my condition and he did great so that was one thing I sneaked in there.Thank you so much.
I'm 62, and started prepping because of Nate. He's my Guru! I started just doing a bug out bag, and expanded from that. You don't have to do a lot, but small steps add up. I'm not telling anyone about my prepping. Like you I have health conditions, but I have a husband, and a daughter and son-in-law that live in the city. We moved to the country in a small town almost 5 yrs ago, so we're planning to bug in, but if my daughter needs to come here to bug out, then we'll have food and supplies for them too. I just don't tell them about it, because I'm sure they'll think ol' mom is losing it!
Agreed with the animal fur mitts. Growing up in sask, my mom would buy a ladies fur coat from VV boutique and make mitts for everyone in the fam for super cheap. It really was -40 and we’d walk to and from school and play outside with them and never feel cold 🇨🇦
As an adult, I can no longer enjoy an animals suffering for my own enjoyment. But hard times require harsh realities. I like the idea of using one lady’s coat for multiple gloves.
In Norway we have a saying: "Ull er Gull" which translates to Wool is Gold. Personally i wear mostly wool. 100% wool socks as well as wool for the upper and lower body tights, wool jumper, wool scarf, wool hat etc. For me wool is the best thing to keep you warm without making you feel wet from sweating
Great show as always. As a Canadian from SK and worked on the Oil Patch for a decade I was wearing level 1 and 2 in wet and cold as much as -40c. It also comes down to your tolerence of cold and what you do. Stand and freeze or work and stay warm.
As a twenty year surveyor in Alberta, I thought I knew a thing or two about staying warm in winter. You have made me up my game 5 fold! Thank you so much!
Yea, I disagree with a few things he put on here. Wool is the king. He's a bit of an office guy imo when it comes to outdoors wear. Merino wool is usually thinner than beefy as shit/itchy wool, but it doesn't do nearly as good a job. He just says "nah" and goes straight to the poly base layers. 100% correct about cotton. Never wear cotton socks, even in Bamas. Grey scratchy wool ones are perfect, or the thicker windriver ones. If your feet still get cold, buy a felt/wool/winter insulated boot insole (I wear standard composite leather workboots that I just put in a thicker sole in the winter and make sure its waxed). I will sometimes (in like -10 to -15) wear a tight thick wool base, then a thinner wool shirt, and then cap it with a cotton shirt -when I'm not wearing a jacket, or out of the wind. I'm all about the thickest, purest, itchiest wool. Throw that on a base layer, and just something to break the wind/water proof exterior layer that you can vent. Gunner mitts are the second part. I've never never needed really beefy gloves (tbh I'd never wear gloves, mitts are the best-just wear your controller stylus on a lanyard) because a good pair over oversided (but thin) leather gunner mitts with a pair of thin cotton gloves are the absolute best. You can write in gunners, you can flag in them, and if you really, really need more dexterity, you can take them off without worry, because you can take your hands out with the thin cottons from time to time.
I live in northern Sweden (slightly south of the polar circle), and in the winter it can be as cold as -50°C/-58F, although a more average temperature is between -25°C to -30°C (-13F to -22F). After 13 years up here, I've apparently managed to figure out how to dress in winter (based on your video). The brands in the video are different from mine, but other than that, I dress in quite a similar way. My extreme winter clothes have a comfort temperature around -30°C/-22F (with just a thin base layer underneath), and my Pax Black boots with a removable inner boot of wool felt has kept my feet warm and dry in -38°C/-36F. Thanks for a great survival tutorial!
Hej! I am planning to visit Sweden this year, I hope you wouldn't mind suggesting some brands, or type of jackets I should carry to purchase to survive the cold.
Absolutely Outstanding and extremely practical info. Its difficult to understand "why", until you've deployed in Canadian or Scandinavian winter. Thanks for sharing 👍👍👍
Good overall presentation. 45 years ago I was a railroad brakeman working in the Fairbanks, Alaska, railyard. I used level 3 layers similar to what you described. My footwear back then was a bit different. Some guys wore air force"bunny boots" and we're quite comfortable. The other option was Red Ball arctic golashes. Inside these zip-up rubber boots I had a 1/2" thick wool felt foot pad. I put on wool socks inside of a wool felt shoe (built like an Oxford). A plastic bag over this let it slip in the boot easily. My feet stayed very comfortable like this. At the end of a shift I could expect to find frost on the inside of the bag. This was no big deal as the inner layers would dry out during time off and the rubber boots never got damp. Keeping a thick insulation between the (-60 to -70 F) ground and my feet was key to comfort.
@@friedchicken892 Insulated fitter winter work gloves. Those were expensive AF. They're now around 40~$90 per pair. I had to switch them out several times a day because the snow would melt and turn the gloves into ice.
I live in Eastern, WA.. even Central WA has desert warmth. We have snow. IF I ever had the winter you've experienced, I would move! That sounds miserable!
In under 10 years we're looking at another ice age which will be around -50Celcius as a standard globally, just about anyway, there's Algeria and Middle East that global super powers are buying up as it will be warmer than other locations and become vegetation land. Also all electricity will be gone when the magnetosphere + polar reversal hits maximum weakening meaning we no longer have earth's magnetic field protection; we'd feel the true power of the Solar Nova that's in motion and the Sun. Not only that but we have the fun of the mantle cracking apart, freak storms, landscape transformations, flooding, even when the Nova Shell hits it will darken the skies for at least an entire month. Quick video overview of what science is talking about with overwhelming years of data and evidence: th-cam.com/video/rS3QSDXh9Ic/w-d-xo.html
Living in Alaska I have to disagree. You need a good, waterproof outerlayer type bib and jacket Klim is my favorite since they are tough outer shells and the cuffs are rubberized and do not climb the boots like you were having trouble with in this video. Then you can just adjust the base layers and use the vent system for active/inactive cycles. I have 4 pairs of baffin for different temperatures and they are great for a day trip out riding but the absolute best is NEOS overboots. They will keep a decent hiking boot warm in arctic conditions and they keep your feet dry even if very active. For head gear I use the carhart a202 fleece headwear with built in face guard and for colder times an up-downer like you used. Gloves I must get some beaver mittens like you but I do ok with the mittens i have. Most important in "Level 3" is NO EXPOSED SKIN!! Any exposed skin will result in frostbite. Even if you have to take off your underwear and wear it on your head make a face barrier you cannot let skin be out.
@@evilmonkeylords I know it's expensive. Although I heard that 90% merino wool products are considerably less expensive than 100% merino wool products (+ more durable). Thank you for the recommendation.
I love this subject. I live in the midwest USA. I walk for 30 minutes outside everyday and have been figuring out what is needed at different temperatures too. I'll just mention gloves... I have determined that i need mits/mittens for anything less than 20°F or -7°C. In your video, you don't switch to mits until -40°C !! Just goes to show you how hardened and resistant to cold Canadians get!!
perhaps unrelated to your use case, but do take in mind that during the night temperatures can drop -10 to -15 degrees compared to the day temperature, simply because the sun is gone. And when it's clowdy that actually means it's warmer than when the sky is clear, because those clowds actually trap some heat underneath them (also has to do with how clouds form, which is generally from warmer air being blow one a colder surface) ... so when it goes from cold and clowdy during the day, to clear and cold night, the drop in temp. might even be bigger ... So i'm not sure what that 7C is based upon, day or night, but depending on the usecase, please do take this information into account. ;)
I'm from Mexico, and here in my town the lowest temperatures we have in winter are around 5°C to 10°C and when that happens everybody is wearing practically the same you wear at -30°C and still shivering.
bro vivo en chicago por 14 años soy de mexico el frio aqui te congela en mexico sientes frio por que no estamos acostumbrados a bajas temperaturas el cuerpo con el tiempo se adapta mi primer invierno aqui fue brutal
y lo mas importante es la ropa interior termica que el esta utilizando en mexico no usamos eso aqui en chicago la mayoria usamos ropa termica es lo mas importante
Great video. Also keep in mind that everyone's body is different and has a different tolerance to temperature. So what works for one, may not work for others at a given temperature rating. The main principle for staying warm in the winter is keeping yourself dry. How you do that is a matter of preference. There is no one perfect solution to this problem.
true. i have very long extremities that suffer from cold, but my core can sweat, so i learned (in mild winter weather) to stop wearing an outer coat, but to wear a scarf, hat, gloves, and maybe legwarmers.
I live in Anchorage and its amazing how you see people in the middle of the winter wearing shorts and complaining about the cold. Can't remember the last time I got cold cause I dress for the weather.
You need to acclimatize to live in Canada, your body takes up to 2 weeks to do that The dangerous part is someone from the north trying to acclimatize to 110 in Arizona
Not with the proper gear. For -10°C, I just wear a cotton T-shirt and a normal sweater, but top it off with a brutal expedition-grade down parka! Now THAT helps! I can recommend the Mountain Hardwear "Absolute zero" for having no real flaws, excellent collar and hood, nice and thick and warm, plus completely water proof, this one has an excellent price/performance ratio. If money is no problem, then go for the Arcteryx "cold WX parka SVX". You'll NEVER have a better winter parka than that one. It is just 100% perfect in all ways you may look at it. As a The North Face nut, you may choose the "Himalayan parka" and if you prefer Canada Goose, just take the "expedition". Last, but not least, if your activities include dog sledding and other rough thing, nothing beats the Fjallraven "Expedition down parka no. 1". A MONSTER of a jacket, weighing 3kgs! Reinforced in all critical spots, this parka will survice paws and nails from a Husky... where most other parkas will be ripped to rags in no-time!
Awesome video. One thing that might help people that already own a heavy down jacket that has a thin shell, is to layer it under an uninsulated anorak. I've been doing this for a while and it works well. The drawback is I don't have insulated pockets for my hands. Eventually I'll buy a better jacket, but this method allowed me to use what I have to camping with lows around -10C/14F.
Thanks so much for this video! I grew up in warm central Chile. However, many years ago, I moved to England and had to learn about "cold" weather. Then, years later, I moved to Scotland and lived there for 5 years. There, I learned more about windy cold weather. Two years ago, I moved to Stockholm, Sweden, and I'm now learning about dry colder weather. Something that comes natural to many people, like winter clothing, has been quite challenging for me. It took me several years to learn how to dress for British winter and feel physically comfortable while living in the UK. After I achieved it, I thought I had "mastered winter" until I moved to Sweden. Despite the fact that I will probably never live in a place as cold as Canada (I hope so, I have a limit! haha), this video was really helpful to understand the logic behind winter clothing. In Stockholm, I think the coldest we can face in winter is around -15. This is something no one warns you as a scientist: you will probably live in many different countries, and besides having to adapt to different cultures (which isn't very hard if you are from a western country and migrate to other European or American countries), you have to adapt to different types of weather. Before moving to Sweden, wearing a wool peacoat was the most extreme thing I would do during winter haha
Thanks for all the info. As a Canadian, I'm seasoned in staying warm in -40'C winters. The warmest outerwear I owned over the years included a parka that was all synthetic materials. It had 3 ways of wearing it; a vest, a jacket and then the vest and jacket zipped together to become a parka with hood. The other was a long coat that included an inner wool coat, a nylon shell over top with a huge, fur lined hood. Again, you could wear the wool coat on its own, the outer nylon shell as a rainy day coat and then the 2 secured together as a winter coat. Hands down the warmest winter wear I ever owned. The reason they were successful was they both employed layers to keep you warm; the best way to insulate in extreme cold.
Its 45° today in NJ when historically we're in the sub 20s this time of year. I've been wearing shorts all weekend. I gotta admit I miss throwing on my cold weather gear. Maybe next year
Worked close to the arctic circle, 40 and below from time to time. From my experience you don't really need a bunch of special winter gear except those mittens and boots. The rest of it are several layers of the same clothes you would wear for the rest of the year with a windbreaker on top, granted you will want to have some size difference in the under garments because stacking 3 tight fitting long sleeved t-shirts on each other isn't going to do you much good.
@@Lappmogel yeah I mean I'm at 72 north, I agree that you don't need specialized gear except like you said hand and feet. I prefer synthetic boots for long treks for the support while walking,, but generally my seal skin shoes allows me to stay still -20c, while my synthetic will start to feel cold. What I'm amazed of is that this guide lacks any basic wool clothing! At least he talked about merino tights, but I would definitely advice people to get a decent wool sweater, cap, neckwarmer on top of the tights... I use my tights almost all year round because I don't like being cold, but in the winter it's all about that wool :) Also personally I prefer to wear those running T-shirts from puma, Nike because they soak up the sweat so well and dry instantly, paired with a nice wool sweater and a wind breaker and you're set. I'm not going to shit on him, but down Jaket? he even mention the wetness! just go with wool or animal skin (seal) and a wind breaker, that way you don't risk getting it wet and really cold. I think it's a different culture out there, I bet it's mostly dry and cold, with little wind chills, while here at the coast it's windy as hell, while the mountains are also windy.
@@svampebob007 I'm surprised he doesn't use merino wool instead of synthetic base layer, too. What's a windbreaker looks like, is it like the tight base layer but thick (similar to what divers wear)? It seems that this kind of wear is difficult to find, not many seem to buy it I guess. About down jacket - didn't he talk about waterproof layer with that? With waterproof layer on top it's not a bad idea at all, no?
Well done Nate. Nothing to add but for those who wonder where that story of losing 80% of your body heat from your head comes from. I found that it started from a researcher taking a thermal photo of people who were dressed fully in winter gear and from that photo it could be seen that 80% of the body heat lost was escaping from their face/head area which can't be covered fully because we need to see and breath.( I want to say that it was done by the America Army in Antarctica but it has been awhile so I am uncertain of that.)
The nice thing about colder prairie weather. The colder it gets, the less windy and humid it gets in Alberta. Dressed properly and -40°C is enjoyable for a few hours of walking or working outside. Winter actually feels more brutal at -10°C in Toronto or even -5°C in Prince Gearge because of high winds or biting humidity. I love Alberta winters no matter how cold it gets.
This made me really happy because I’m going to be moving to Calgary from India soon and I was concerned about Alberta winters. Although I did hear that Calgary is usually the sunniest part of Canada.
I experienced a -20C briefly and immediately ordered a giant down coat. I’m happy to have it available for when I need it! I’ve also bought down gloves and great-quality socks. I’m planning a move from Massachusetts to northern Maine so...
That was great. When the temp dips to below freezing, 32F or below, I pull out my fur hats, gloves and scarves...my mother taught me this years ago...NOTHING keeps you warmer than animal skins and fur. Natures way of protecting us when we can't...need to watch again and take notes...and check my current gear.
I'm in North Dakota for over 30 years and have never made it past level 2. It's really about balancing clothing with activity level conditions and covering exposed skin.
Allow me to introduce Musk Ox Wool... Musk Ox Wool is second to none. It has at least the same insulation capabilities - and best of all - it doesn't shrink. The disadvantage is that it's much more pricy.
I love mittens. I used them in -40° temps when I was a forklift driver in a freezer. once you break them in you can still do things like write with a pencil , push buttons on a joystick , etc... Mine were "wahls" brand . Leather with a synthetic fur interior. Not expensive and my fingers never got cold. I'd suggest getting some for elderly , and young people for preparedness reasons.
@@MaximC I got mine from a catalog my job had . I worked in a freezer. The brand isn't important . I just looked at mine and I misspelled it. It's "Walls". Maybe try searching arctic gear or freezer suits and accessories.
Thanks for this video!! I work as Security during the night and it’s about 0 degrees Celsius with some wind and this video has honestly been more helpful than anything else I’ve found.
You should do a review of the S- Boston Pocket Hand Warmer... In my opinion it far superior than any other I've tried. It can give you heat up to 75C (167F) and lasts for up to 20 hours. This hand warmer is easy lighting and extinguishing. There's no need for a lighter, simply press the button for 5 ~ 10 seconds and it starts working!
I live in South Texas but I'm always freezing and the info about the base layer was very useful to me. Never realized the downsides of cotton. At worst it gets freezing for maybe a few days at a time but after February it's all over but I'm still cold. I'm a real whiny baby about being cold even though I actually prefer cooler weather. On an other note, the dogs look MAGNIFICENT! More dogs please:)
That used to be the case, now-adays i think they are required to have flame retardants in them (not 100% sure though) ... now flame retardant doesn't mean flame proof, but they shouldn't burn like they used to, and only melt for a very short period of time (yes that still means holes around the campfire) ... ps. the melting can still be a problem because if you get that on your skin it prolongs contact and thus severity of the burn.
OMG, this video is very informative. Just started a job as a Locomotive maintenance tech and I’m gonna frequently travel to Michigan to service CSX locomotive’s and I really needed some great info, thanks
I live in a town called Wigan in England, I think the record coldest my town has been is -11c (-24c is the UK's coldest record temperature) but personally I find a damp 2c worst than a cold minus temperature. Marino wool base layers all the way for me ...and a merino balaclava and glove and socks.!All good tips though. Keep up the good work😊👍
I thought it was deceiving that my computers tell me that the UK doesn't reach more than 1 degree !!!! I knew it was so much colder.. but can't explain why I can't see it... when I see my garden it tells a different tale altogether !!!!
Loved the video. I really want the setup you use for level 3 winter. I live in alberta and every year we see a week at least of minus 50 celcius weather. I work in it doing snow removal so i am very climatized for cold weather. But those beaver gloves. Omg i didnt know they made such beauties.
My daughter is going to Canada for a family reunion in winter, we're born and raised in Hawaii. It's a huge climate change for her, she'll be 6. We honestly don't know how to dress in cold weather hence the reason I'm here 🤣. Thank you for the well needed info. All your knowledge is appreciated. I hope they sell these in kids sizes. I'm sure she'll love playing in the snow. Thanks again! Have a good one!
I think experience, knowing how to dress for the activity level, is the key. I mean, it dictates what you should wear imo. So you cannot say you should wear this for that temp, and that for that temp. It totally depends on how hard your body is working and thus, how much heat your body is creating. The most critical thing is to avoid sweat at all costs. Synthetics usually traps sweat near your skin and make you even colder after activity. I have worn only a thin woolen mesh baselayer and a thin uniform in 15- C when moving with a (very) heavy pack and kept a perfectly cosy body temp. When pausing in such a scenario, just temporaily pull on a heavy woolen sweather/pants. Then remove these when moving again. If on standstill or guard duty, pack on with heavy wool and tighten any air gaps, especially around the neck/head. Some of the major aortic arteries is placed very shallowly beneath your neck-skin and they suck the warmth out of you if not properly covered. A Polished military leather boots, with thin wool socks and wool soles is more durable than goretex shoes. As you said, do not pack on to many pairs of socks - it will freeze your feet solid. You want to create an air barrier, like house insulation - so make room in your boots. Military-style boots could be used as ski boots as well, unlike civilian winter boots. Multi-purpouse is smart. I would not recommend any synthetics at all, only a thin raincoat/poncho for rainy weather and perhaps the upside of your headwear, to keep moistyre away from your hair. Synthetics like goretex and fleeces, burns when hit by even the smallest sparks or flame and tears yeasily when heavily used. In addition it is usually very noisy, not good for hunting or other stealthy work. The down jackets are indeed warm, but will not be warm if wet. My recommendation is to just augment military/indigenous kit. Wear woolen / animal skin tunics. For example a wool bush shirt / boreal shirt.
I'd say the reason they blame the head for heat loss is due to people not wearing proper headwear compared to the rest of the body. Source: Myself as a teen not wearing a hat ha ha
Well it's actually most to do with the opening of your jacket at your neck ... so wearing a scarf is probably more important than wearing a hat ... this is obviously because heat rises, and if your neck isn't sealed well in order to trap the heat, you will loose it ... (head wear, imo, is mostly to do with comfort of the ears, because most (not all) have hair (aka natural fibers) to protect their head from cold) ... So there is some merit to saying you loose most the heat at the top of you body, but that is due to the heat rising and escaping at your neck 'aka the top of your body'... ... the more you dive into this stuff the more you pick up and know ;)
This is an awesome video. I want all kinds of fur lined stuff now. There’s one thing I can say about heated garments. I have a heated vest and it lasts ten hours on the low setting. When I wear it under an insulated jacket it shuts off automatically when it gets to a certain temp. Then if I get cold again I can turn it back on and I’m toasty in no time. This makes the battery seem as if it lasts way longer than ten hours. I’ve never owned anything else heated, and don’t really want to, but I do like how this system has been working so far this year
There is cold weather, and then there is Canada. If you visit there even in early spring time, I recommend bringing heavy sweater, thick down winter coat, hat and gloves. I made the mistake of visiting their in late March, and I only had my Fall/Spring jacket (no heavy sweater, gloves or hat). One night was waiting outside a crowded bar before they would let you in, I only lasted a couple minutes, before I gave up and ran to my car (and I was in the military and slept in tents with no heat, when it was below freezing, the water in canteens froze).
Always those rare few that wants to prove they are tougher than everybody else, the other day i saw a young "dude" walking around in a T-shirt, shorts and sandals.....it was -11 Celsius.
Great video. My wife and I live in the mountains of Mongolia in our yurt camp. January average low is -30C and high -20C. The lowest I've experienced personally is -46C when I walked to work in 2011. I find that if you're active, you don't need a lot of kit. If it gets windy at all, you'll need to cover any exposed skin and that includes double-lens ski goggles. My core usually isn't the problem or my feet. I still have issues with fingers going numb. Despite what you said, I've found electric under-gloves to work quite well to stop numbness. We don't have a lot of western brands here, although they can be bought online and imported. Down jackets are great - I've got several good ones - but you're correct that most have extremely thin nylon outer fabrics which are very vulnerable to tears when working outside. As an alternative I've got a sheepskin lined 'deel' which is a Mongolian traditional robe. I'm going to try it this winter. I also bought some leather boots which are lined with dog fur. I wear electric heated socks under those but don't always need them since I don't seem to suffer from cold feet as much as hands. I'll look into the fur gloves made locally but doing any outdoor work would be very tricky. The inner gloves can help with that, as you said.
How do you keep your nose warm? My nose dries if I don't wear a mask, if I wear a mask I get a runny nose and makes me feel more colder. Any suggestions?
So what you are saying ... (1) United States West Coast clothing, (2) United States Midwest and New England clothing, ... and then (3) Canuckian daily clothing.
What is the chance of me finding your channel when you collabed with Bald n bankrupt. And then, 6 months later i randomly watch this video and here you are.
Most of these guys wear an inner layer such as meriano wool. When it was around -25 in Toronto, I had no inner layer just a regular sweater from RW&CO and do a daily walk about 30mins to work in my Canada Goose expedition. Other accesories include Sugoi cycling gloves with fingertip cellphones and a Sugoi beanie. Pants were heattech layered khakis from Mark warehouse and they have served me up to -30 without warm socks for the shins. Shoes were Ecco Goretex hikers.
When I was in Winnipeg, in -40 weather, I would see kids outside wearing running shoes and windbreakers. Maybe you should talk to them to discover their secrets.
@@volvo7453 in edmonton last year we had coldest temp on earth 3 days straight. My car read -47 Celsius, however we here all know Winterpeg is worse, i believe him (rabbit general) :P
I agree completely with your assessment. I do a couple of things different. I use a Very lightweight Kevlar coveralls with built in Gators to protect my cold weather clothing, also it helps with wind penetration. I use Muskox down for head, feet and hands, I’ve never used anything warmer, it work superbly in the Antarctic.
That was exactly what type of video I was waiting for, tank you. I like your video because we know you will not recomend us a shitty product only to made cash llike some other👍 sorry for my english im french from canada😀
These are all well and good for standing around in the cold or maybe walking to work but if you are actually out there trying to work you want lots of layers over one extra thick jacket. The ability to customize as conditions change and you undertake different levels of activity is super important. A giant jacket is not good if you soak it with sweat while hiking and then pause to cook a meal in your now wet and cold coat.
Just as a little rule I have for doing things in the winter which takes longer. At -10 C + 50% the time to do a task, at -20 C twice as long, at -30 C three times as long.
Live in Minnesota with way below zero weather...just purchased The North Face "Gotham III" and it's working out pretty good. 550 Goose Down/tough fabric like a canvas and water proof and windproof 100%. I like that it has a hood with a face covering incorporated into it. It is my Level II go to jacket...My Atlas Corp (original US Military Contractor) parka is my level III with some layering.
Minnesota here. It's hard to believe that people need this kind of education. I also forget that people don't live in the below zero weather like we do for months. Much love from Minnesota. I would like to contact you with some feedback, long time follower and your videos are pretty much spot on. The after the collapse sieries is by far the most educational for the average person. Kudos.
Currently freezing my ass of in my car because I went out without a coat in 35 degree weather. 😬 Every time I’ve done this I hear CP’s voice in my head saying “don’t go out in the middle of winter in a t shirt!” Haha ooooooops
Great video!... Spent one winter (Sept to April) working between Fairbanks and Deadhorse, AK. If you want to function, you WILL learn how to dress... At -40F (this is the only time C & F are the same) we carried two pair of boots. One pair rated at -10 to -20 for strenuous activity , and one rated at -40 or more for staying 'stationary'. It worked for us. Maybe boots have improved since 2001-2
Good recommendations. I regularly go long range shooting at -10F/-20F with wind. Last year I went long range shooting at -35F in Minnesota (Windchill was -40F to -45F). Biggest issue is keeping my hands warm. Feet are the 2nd one to go. Had 1600 grams of insulation in my hunting boots and 4 pairs of socks. Couple medium thickness poly, then ankle poly sock and over that FITS boot socks (FITS are awesome, warm and stay on your foot all day, walked to 600 yards a few times no socks sliding). You are correct about socks/gloves with electric heater. I have those too, but don't wear them. Too much hassle. They are either too hot, or not warm enough. And electric socks slide down your leg and bunch up immediately. At -35F with wind I had 4 layers on my legs (including ski pants) and 5 layers on my torso. I usually wear a thin sturdy jacket that is windproof. Don't like bulky ones. Neck warmer is awesome and helps a lot. Balaclava is must, then thin cap, topped off with ear muffs for shooting. Only issue is icicles forming on my eyebrows and optics fogging if you exhale close to it. After a few winters you learn what works. I have mittens with pocket on the back side of my fingers where I slip a warming pad. It works for couple of hours and after they fade away. But it helps. You body initially gets confused, until it learns that you need more blood in your extremities. I am still learning from people like you. Did not know about those boots. Over years wore all kind of socks but will buy a pair of ones you mentioned to check them.
Depends on if your dogs live outside or not. If they live outside year round they will fur up and stay warm so long as you feed them enough (and it will be SUBSTANTIALLY more than the warm months, as in how many times more not how much percent more). If they live inside with you (where it is warmer), then you need to be concerned about them when you take them out. Paw socks to keep their feet dry and ice from building between the toes are the first step, but you will need to get your dog used to wearing them (preferably in warmer months). You can also put a dog coat on them if needed. Of course, since that is only for dogs not acclimated to the outside, if it is too bad outside just leave your dogs at home for their own safety.
Thank you for the info! I’m a Land Suryeyor In the Midwest. I’ve been struggling with the winter’s for a little more than 25 years. I’ve found a few things that work for me with big companies like…The North Face, Columbia and Carhartt and even Patagonia, but they tend to focus on the weekend adventures. They tend to discontinue what really works. In this one video I’ve watched of yours, you have really helped. Keep up the good work! I’m going to watch more and hopefully find something that fits my work style!
One of my favourite hats when it gets really cold here in Norway is a Canadian beaver trappers hat similar to in the video. I always wish for really cold winters so I can wear it. So warm!
*Laughs in finnish* Depends of course how long you're staying outside, I think this guide is accurate and good if you're going to be staying outdoors for several hours. Living in cities tho and having to maybe walk distances that take something like 10-45 minutes, I personally do this: -10C: Normal pants, Normal shirt + hoodie/college shirt, basic winter jacket. Beanie and thin gloves, such as leather gloves. -20C: Same as -10C, but add lower layered clothing. Can be merino wool or polyester-cotton mix pants and shirt. You can still get away with thin gloves, although your finger tips are gonna freeze a little bit, so you might want to get mittens instead. I also suggest getting wool socks, which can be used either alone or on top of your cotton socks to lessen the freeze on your toes. -30C: Same as before, but now you need add proper outer layer clothing. A proper winter jacket with winter pants, basically the same clothes you wear if you've ever been downhill skiing. Good gloves are mandatory unless you're going to only keep your hands in your pockets. Wool socks are also important, because even if you were cold resistant, your toes are still gonna freeze like hell. -40C: Don't go out. I also suggest taking vitamin D, C and zinc on the regular to avoid getting colds. You can switch these around depending on where you're living, I'm sure some of you never even have to deal with -20C. In that sort of place you can just take this list and add 10C to all of them. I just suggest being careful about having too warm clothes in climates that reach extremely cold temperatures, because you wont have much you can add on after lvl 3. This means that if you wear fully layered clothes at -10C and suddently the climate drops to -25C, it's going to feel super cold to you.
I am a fledgling bushcrafter from southern California, aspiring to experience adventure into the Far Northern woods someday. This wonderful video is spot-on for the info on coverage during Arctic/extreme cold weather conditions. THANK YOU for sharing your knowledge with the world, and in honor of my Canadian ancestry through maternal lineage : Rock on, hoser! I'm smashing that subscription button now : D
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Canadian Prepper I was going to ask for the handmedowns when you upgrade, but after seeing the coyote and beaver pelts, I think I'll take my chances freezing to death over a grizzly bear attack! Grizzly: Sniff Sniff, Yummy Dog, Coyote, Beaver and With a Dash of Canadian Pepper, Priceless! Canadian Prepper: it's Prepper Prepper not Pepper, Shiate..........Wheres My Gun? Hey Roman or the Atwoods, I see You 👀 Peace and God Bless
Terrific video. Well produced. Valuable infor...even for CDNs. :) So many TH-cam sites talking about hi-end winter jackets e.g. Canada Goose but neglect to talk about pants and boots. :) Can't really ignore "the other half". Wearing a TNF shell now. GORE-TEX. with a TNF ""level 2" fleece jacket used as the linter. It was part of a 3-in-1 system. Should have bougtht the Nuptse down jacket. Only bought the vest. Not sure if a Nuptse down jacket will zip into the shell. A 2021 down jacket. Should be the same as the Nuptse jacket from decades ago. Havent' bothered to buy one to find out. Thought I lost my mind spending what I did. :) Now I'm vaguely considering down pants. Though honestly I've never needed them for walking around the block walking my dog even in -30c....just wore thermal pants under my jeans and winter boots rated to -25c.
I wish I would of cam across this video 10 years ago.. I'm originally from Florida and moved to Toronto 10 years ago.. Ended up working winters in outdoor construction and spent hundreds going through items trying to stay warm..
I found this very helpful. LIving in Arizona you don't see cold much but I like to be able to be prepared for some cold. So you don't get much instruction here, this was helpful.
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Thank you friend I live in the Greatlakes region and been searching high and low for a video like this. Well you earned my subscription. Cheers mate.
Basically the colder the temperature the higher percentage of animal fur there should be in the jacket.
For vain reasons,not for functional use.10:00 you said that!
What's wrong with heat reflect chlotes ???
I got a columbia rugged path jacket with it and it works well !
Thanks for the clothing advice, I am starting my order right now, btw love those dogs.
I live in Egypt, I don’t know why youtube recommended this to me
Surely it has to get cold somewhere in Egypt? Do you really not have even 1 mountain or hillscape where it gets a little chilly?
🤣🤣🤣
@@J-BiRTH it’s never even close to level 1
@@adhamelguindy2818 Same, from Texas.
salem
You know he's Canadian when moderate cold is - 10 degrees lol
Hell yeah, 0° is Tshirt weather
Same here in Sweden
-10C is an extreme heat wave in Antarctica
@@bezklavikaszekminmespukzk9961 and -50c is scorching hot in the uncaring void of space
Same here in Idaho
I'm in california, if it gets below 70, you'll see people wearing your level 3
Hahaha I was thinking the same about all people here in the Netherlands. (Including myself)
Yeah, lifelong Arizonan. It's only 72F right now so I'm out in my workshop with a heater running. Anything below 85F and I risk hypothermia.
Right? Im q northerner but how is -10C cool?
You get so acclimated to the air conditioning...I used to have to bring my Level II from Minnesota to Phoenix visiting parents...used to sneak the window open at night to warm up.
At 70°F, this Canuck is going to be running around in a t-shirt and shorts!
I'm Polish I remember occasionally -30c .I would say there is huge difference between -20c and -30C. In -20c you can breath freely in -30 this is not so obvious ,without a scarf I feel like lungs clumps
stick together like glue
Humidity plays just as big a factor in the winter with the cold as it does in the summer with the heat. -30 in not so bad with low humidity. That said the wind tends to play a bigger role in feeling cold.
wft i would instantanously die in -20 C my brain cant even think of how cold that would be.
@@gustavsantos6225 -19 C today. No big deal. Barely even need to wear a jacket.
There is nothing worse then walking across campus in the morning in -20 degree weather and having to yawn. even through a scarf, that deep of a breath always leaves me coughing.
@@tchevrier I suppose you're used to it. But people from tropical zones rarely exerience temperatures under +10°C.
I’d like to say I love your videos. I am a woman in my 50s and no one in my family takes all this seriously. However I watch your videos and take notes and learn and hope when the shtf that I can pass on this knowledge to some younger person who has a chance of survival. Me? No I doubt it. I do have a lot of healthcare skills, first aid CPR and even delivered a baby, but health wise myself not great with a neuro muscular condition. I am cool with not surviving but I would like my children to do so and so I keep watching your videos and am slowly getting some of the things you mention plus clear instructions. I’ve always known the global disaster was coming and it was why I got trained in the things I said. Nothing is a wasted learning experience. I did make my son go on the last CPR first aid course with me under the guise of needing help because of my condition and he did great so that was one thing I sneaked in there.Thank you so much.
Respect.
I keep trying to get my kids to take it seriously but they just give me looks like I'm crazy. Oh, well.
you are a good mother
I'm 62, and started prepping because of Nate. He's my Guru! I started just doing a bug out bag, and expanded from that. You don't have to do a lot, but small steps add up. I'm not telling anyone about my prepping. Like you I have health conditions, but I have a husband, and a daughter and son-in-law that live in the city. We moved to the country in a small town almost 5 yrs ago, so we're planning to bug in, but if my daughter needs to come here to bug out, then we'll have food and supplies for them too. I just don't tell them about it, because I'm sure they'll think ol' mom is losing it!
Respect!!
Agreed with the animal fur mitts. Growing up in sask, my mom would buy a ladies fur coat from VV boutique and make mitts for everyone in the fam for super cheap. It really was -40 and we’d walk to and from school and play outside with them and never feel cold 🇨🇦
Such a great idea. I went past a ladies fur coat and wondered how I could use that amazing material
VV Village. Lol sounds fancy
While I assume that your cutom made winter gear works amazing you too have better cold resistance than my summer loving body
As an adult, I can no longer enjoy an animals suffering for my own enjoyment. But hard times require harsh realities. I like the idea of using one lady’s coat for multiple gloves.
@@WontSeeReplies i think synthetic fur would work fine as well, the way fur works is many hairs trap air between them and insulate
Level 3...the kid from "A Christmas Story".
underrated comment
"falls over in the snow"
That's Randy
In Norway we have a saying: "Ull er Gull" which translates to Wool is Gold. Personally i wear mostly wool. 100% wool socks as well as wool for the upper and lower body tights, wool jumper, wool scarf, wool hat etc. For me wool is the best thing to keep you warm without making you feel wet from sweating
Only Moreno Wool. Italian sheep is the best in that regard. Not all wool is the same.
Have you ever worn Cashmere!
Thinsulate
@@CusheeFoofeeyip
Great show as always. As a Canadian from SK and worked on the Oil Patch for a decade I was wearing level 1 and 2 in wet and cold as much as -40c. It also comes down to your tolerence of cold and what you do. Stand and freeze or work and stay warm.
As a twenty year surveyor in Alberta, I thought I knew a thing or two about staying warm in winter. You have made me up my game 5 fold! Thank you so much!
Yea, I disagree with a few things he put on here.
Wool is the king. He's a bit of an office guy imo when it comes to outdoors wear. Merino wool is usually thinner than beefy as shit/itchy wool, but it doesn't do nearly as good a job. He just says "nah" and goes straight to the poly base layers.
100% correct about cotton. Never wear cotton socks, even in Bamas. Grey scratchy wool ones are perfect, or the thicker windriver ones. If your feet still get cold, buy a felt/wool/winter insulated boot insole (I wear standard composite leather workboots that I just put in a thicker sole in the winter and make sure its waxed). I will sometimes (in like -10 to -15) wear a tight thick wool base, then a thinner wool shirt, and then cap it with a cotton shirt -when I'm not wearing a jacket, or out of the wind.
I'm all about the thickest, purest, itchiest wool. Throw that on a base layer, and just something to break the wind/water proof exterior layer that you can vent.
Gunner mitts are the second part. I've never never needed really beefy gloves (tbh I'd never wear gloves, mitts are the best-just wear your controller stylus on a lanyard) because a good pair over oversided (but thin) leather gunner mitts with a pair of thin cotton gloves are the absolute best. You can write in gunners, you can flag in them, and if you really, really need more dexterity, you can take them off without worry, because you can take your hands out with the thin cottons from time to time.
Level 3: buckle up, hibernate and wait until level 2 and level 1 come back
Nah level 3s just starting to get fun 😀
I guess that would be a good advice for me moved from Puerto Rico to Minnesota 4 month ago 🤷♀️🤣😂🥶🥶🥶🥶
I live in northern Sweden (slightly south of the polar circle), and in the winter it can be as cold as -50°C/-58F, although a more average temperature is between -25°C to -30°C (-13F to -22F). After 13 years up here, I've apparently managed to figure out how to dress in winter (based on your video). The brands in the video are different from mine, but other than that, I dress in quite a similar way. My extreme winter clothes have a comfort temperature around -30°C/-22F (with just a thin base layer underneath), and my Pax Black boots with a removable inner boot of wool felt has kept my feet warm and dry in -38°C/-36F. Thanks for a great survival tutorial!
Hej! I am planning to visit Sweden this year, I hope you wouldn't mind suggesting some brands, or type of jackets I should carry to purchase to survive the cold.
Nice! Actual Canadian related skills and help.
Couldn’t agree more
REAL Canadians tho not the ones from Montreal, Toronto, and Vancouver.
lol-me and my (native made) moosehide mitts do look out of place here in the big smoke lol
@@bobcosb21 so Canada's economic biggest cities aren't real Canadians? Damn, let me just throw away my Canadian passport!
Get finnish help to get actual help
Him - I have 3 levels of layering to tackle temperatures as low as -50.
His Doggo - I can do this all day🤣
Yo, we never really consider amazing feet's these animals can withstand.
Absolutely Outstanding and extremely practical info. Its difficult to understand "why", until you've deployed in Canadian or Scandinavian winter.
Thanks for sharing 👍👍👍
Absolutely! Whole different ball game!
Good overall presentation. 45 years ago I was a railroad brakeman working in the Fairbanks, Alaska, railyard. I used level 3 layers similar to what you described. My footwear back then was a bit different. Some guys wore air force"bunny boots" and we're quite comfortable. The other option was Red Ball arctic golashes. Inside these zip-up rubber boots I had a 1/2" thick wool felt foot pad. I put on wool socks inside of a wool felt shoe (built like an Oxford). A plastic bag over this let it slip in the boot easily. My feet stayed very comfortable like this. At the end of a shift I could expect to find frost on the inside of the bag. This was no big deal as the inner layers would dry out during time off and the rubber boots never got damp. Keeping a thick insulation between the (-60 to -70 F) ground and my feet was key to comfort.
I worked in Alberta at -30. I didn't use anything too fancy. Just Dunlop boots and thick acrylic/wool socks.
@@user-xg6zz8qs3q what did you use for your hands😩?
@@friedchicken892 Insulated fitter winter work gloves. Those were expensive AF. They're now around 40~$90 per pair. I had to switch them out several times a day because the snow would melt and turn the gloves into ice.
@@user-xg6zz8qs3q Thanksuch for the response is that the name of the brand?
@@friedchicken892 The usual brands: Watson, Dakota, Helly Hansen...
We had 55 days in a row that was at least -30 to -58. I live in Wisconsin, and we were colder than Alaska that year.
We're in Minnesota I remember that winter, always good to be prepared.
I live in Eastern, WA.. even Central WA has desert warmth. We have snow. IF I ever had the winter you've experienced, I would move! That sounds miserable!
That is crusty
In under 10 years we're looking at another ice age which will be around -50Celcius as a standard globally, just about anyway, there's Algeria and Middle East that global super powers are buying up as it will be warmer than other locations and become vegetation land. Also all electricity will be gone when the magnetosphere + polar reversal hits maximum weakening meaning we no longer have earth's magnetic field protection; we'd feel the true power of the Solar Nova that's in motion and the Sun. Not only that but we have the fun of the mantle cracking apart, freak storms, landscape transformations, flooding, even when the Nova Shell hits it will darken the skies for at least an entire month.
Quick video overview of what science is talking about with overwhelming years of data and evidence: th-cam.com/video/rS3QSDXh9Ic/w-d-xo.html
When was it ever that cold for that long in Wisconsin?
Living in Alaska I have to disagree. You need a good, waterproof outerlayer type bib and jacket Klim is my favorite since they are tough outer shells and the cuffs are rubberized and do not climb the boots like you were having trouble with in this video. Then you can just adjust the base layers and use the vent system for active/inactive cycles. I have 4 pairs of baffin for different temperatures and they are great for a day trip out riding but the absolute best is NEOS overboots. They will keep a decent hiking boot warm in arctic conditions and they keep your feet dry even if very active. For head gear I use the carhart a202 fleece headwear with built in face guard and for colder times an up-downer like you used. Gloves I must get some beaver mittens like you but I do ok with the mittens i have. Most important in "Level 3" is NO EXPOSED SKIN!! Any exposed skin will result in frostbite. Even if you have to take off your underwear and wear it on your head make a face barrier you cannot let skin be out.
If you live in the costal region of Alaska then I would agree for sure. Completely different climate. Much more moderate and wet for sure.
I'm going to make this easier for everyone confused about what to get
Level 1: Light wool
Level 2: Medium wool
Level 3: Heavy wool
This! All that plastic is just BS. Get good wool and you are set.
@@kattkatt744
Which brands make good wool (and preferably more affordable)?
@@evilmonkeylords
I know it's expensive. Although I heard that 90% merino wool products are considerably less expensive than 100% merino wool products (+ more durable).
Thank you for the recommendation.
I love this subject. I live in the midwest USA. I walk for 30 minutes outside everyday and have been figuring out what is needed at different temperatures too. I'll just mention gloves... I have determined that i need mits/mittens for anything less than 20°F or -7°C. In your video, you don't switch to mits until -40°C !! Just goes to show you how hardened and resistant to cold Canadians get!!
perhaps unrelated to your use case, but do take in mind that during the night temperatures can drop -10 to -15 degrees compared to the day temperature, simply because the sun is gone. And when it's clowdy that actually means it's warmer than when the sky is clear, because those clowds actually trap some heat underneath them (also has to do with how clouds form, which is generally from warmer air being blow one a colder surface) ... so when it goes from cold and clowdy during the day, to clear and cold night, the drop in temp. might even be bigger ... So i'm not sure what that 7C is based upon, day or night, but depending on the usecase, please do take this information into account. ;)
Just need to get use to it. It will be cold anyway. All you can do is making it less cold.
@@dutchcourage7312 thanks for the information
I think that he's using Celsius ;)
I'm from Mexico, and here in my town the lowest temperatures we have in winter are around 5°C to 10°C and when that happens everybody is wearing practically the same you wear at -30°C and still shivering.
bro vivo en chicago por 14 años soy de mexico el frio aqui te congela en mexico sientes frio por que no estamos acostumbrados a bajas temperaturas el cuerpo con el tiempo se adapta mi primer invierno aqui fue brutal
y lo mas importante es la ropa interior termica
que el esta utilizando
en mexico no usamos eso
aqui en chicago la mayoria usamos ropa termica es lo mas importante
6:13 Me: Looks down at sweater zipper, sees the YKK marking. "Mmm...quality."
I'm pretty sure they just have a monopoly so most clothes use their zippers
@@staplez6038 yep
Great video. Also keep in mind that everyone's body is different and has a different tolerance to temperature. So what works for one, may not work for others at a given temperature rating. The main principle for staying warm in the winter is keeping yourself dry. How you do that is a matter of preference. There is no one perfect solution to this problem.
true. i have very long extremities that suffer from cold, but my core can sweat, so i learned (in mild winter weather) to stop wearing an outer coat, but to wear a scarf, hat, gloves, and maybe legwarmers.
love the talk about the gimmickry in jackets like Canada goose and interior reflective material, i knew it!
I live in Anchorage and its amazing how you see people in the middle of the winter wearing shorts and complaining about the cold. Can't remember the last time I got cold cause I dress for the weather.
If it got to -10 in central Texas, I would probably freeze to death just looking out the window!
I am New to the North Texas area. Was surprised about the sleet and 1/8 inch of snow as well as the tornadoes too.
@@JohnSmith-km3pe didn't do yer research ??
Are you talking Celsius or Fahrenheit?
You need to acclimatize to live in Canada, your body takes up to 2 weeks to do that
The dangerous part is someone from the north trying to acclimatize to 110 in Arizona
Not with the proper gear. For -10°C, I just wear a cotton T-shirt and a normal sweater, but top it off with a brutal expedition-grade down parka! Now THAT helps! I can recommend the Mountain Hardwear "Absolute zero" for having no real flaws, excellent collar and hood, nice and thick and warm, plus completely water proof, this one has an excellent price/performance ratio. If money is no problem, then go for the Arcteryx "cold WX parka SVX". You'll NEVER have a better winter parka than that one. It is just 100% perfect in all ways you may look at it. As a The North Face nut, you may choose the "Himalayan parka" and if you prefer Canada Goose, just take the "expedition". Last, but not least, if your activities include dog sledding and other rough thing, nothing beats the Fjallraven "Expedition down parka no. 1". A MONSTER of a jacket, weighing 3kgs! Reinforced in all critical spots, this parka will survice paws and nails from a Husky... where most other parkas will be ripped to rags in no-time!
Awesome video. One thing that might help people that already own a heavy down jacket that has a thin shell, is to layer it under an uninsulated anorak. I've been doing this for a while and it works well. The drawback is I don't have insulated pockets for my hands. Eventually I'll buy a better jacket, but this method allowed me to use what I have to camping with lows around -10C/14F.
Thanks so much for this video! I grew up in warm central Chile. However, many years ago, I moved to England and had to learn about "cold" weather. Then, years later, I moved to Scotland and lived there for 5 years. There, I learned more about windy cold weather. Two years ago, I moved to Stockholm, Sweden, and I'm now learning about dry colder weather. Something that comes natural to many people, like winter clothing, has been quite challenging for me. It took me several years to learn how to dress for British winter and feel physically comfortable while living in the UK. After I achieved it, I thought I had "mastered winter" until I moved to Sweden. Despite the fact that I will probably never live in a place as cold as Canada (I hope so, I have a limit! haha), this video was really helpful to understand the logic behind winter clothing. In Stockholm, I think the coldest we can face in winter is around -15. This is something no one warns you as a scientist: you will probably live in many different countries, and besides having to adapt to different cultures (which isn't very hard if you are from a western country and migrate to other European or American countries), you have to adapt to different types of weather. Before moving to Sweden, wearing a wool peacoat was the most extreme thing I would do during winter haha
Thanks for all the info. As a Canadian, I'm seasoned in staying warm in -40'C winters. The warmest outerwear I owned over the years included a parka that was all synthetic materials. It had 3 ways of wearing it; a vest, a jacket and then the vest and jacket zipped together to become a parka with hood. The other was a long coat that included an inner wool coat, a nylon shell over top with a huge, fur lined hood. Again, you could wear the wool coat on its own, the outer nylon shell as a rainy day coat and then the 2 secured together as a winter coat. Hands down the warmest winter wear I ever owned. The reason they were successful was they both employed layers to keep you warm; the best way to insulate in extreme cold.
Its 45° today in NJ when historically we're in the sub 20s this time of year. I've been wearing shorts all weekend. I gotta admit I miss throwing on my cold weather gear. Maybe next year
Worked close to the arctic circle, 40 and below from time to time. From my experience you don't really need a bunch of special winter gear except those mittens and boots. The rest of it are several layers of the same clothes you would wear for the rest of the year with a windbreaker on top, granted you will want to have some size difference in the under garments because stacking 3 tight fitting long sleeved t-shirts on each other isn't going to do you much good.
@Chad KyleWhy would you need to do that? Are you taking a break from walking 6 times an hour?
@Chad Kyle Yeah whatever mate, keep our delusions and keep changing clothes every 10 minutes if you want. I really don't give a shit.
@Todd Stamos fun fact, the arctic circle ia actually like a circle across the arctic and isn't something unique for Canada
@@Lappmogel yeah I mean I'm at 72 north, I agree that you don't need specialized gear except like you said hand and feet. I prefer synthetic boots for long treks for the support while walking,, but generally my seal skin shoes allows me to stay still -20c, while my synthetic will start to feel cold.
What I'm amazed of is that this guide lacks any basic wool clothing!
At least he talked about merino tights, but I would definitely advice people to get a decent wool sweater, cap, neckwarmer on top of the tights... I use my tights almost all year round because I don't like being cold, but in the winter it's all about that wool :)
Also personally I prefer to wear those running T-shirts from puma, Nike because they soak up the sweat so well and dry instantly, paired with a nice wool sweater and a wind breaker and you're set.
I'm not going to shit on him, but down Jaket? he even mention the wetness! just go with wool or animal skin (seal) and a wind breaker, that way you don't risk getting it wet and really cold.
I think it's a different culture out there, I bet it's mostly dry and cold, with little wind chills, while here at the coast it's windy as hell, while the mountains are also windy.
@@svampebob007
I'm surprised he doesn't use merino wool instead of synthetic base layer, too.
What's a windbreaker looks like, is it like the tight base layer but thick (similar to what divers wear)? It seems that this kind of wear is difficult to find, not many seem to buy it I guess.
About down jacket - didn't he talk about waterproof layer with that? With waterproof layer on top it's not a bad idea at all, no?
Well done Nate. Nothing to add but for those who wonder where that story of losing 80% of your body heat from your head comes from. I found that it started from a researcher taking a thermal photo of people who were dressed fully in winter gear and from that photo it could be seen that 80% of the body heat lost was escaping from their face/head area which can't be covered fully because we need to see and breath.( I want to say that it was done by the America Army in Antarctica but it has been awhile so I am uncertain of that.)
sorry Thought I could find the article on line but no luck.
The nice thing about colder prairie weather. The colder it gets, the less windy and humid it gets in Alberta. Dressed properly and -40°C is enjoyable for a few hours of walking or working outside. Winter actually feels more brutal at -10°C in Toronto or even -5°C in Prince Gearge because of high winds or biting humidity. I love Alberta winters no matter how cold it gets.
This made me really happy because I’m going to be moving to Calgary from India soon and I was concerned about Alberta winters. Although I did hear that Calgary is usually the sunniest part of Canada.
I experienced a -20C briefly and immediately ordered a giant down coat. I’m happy to have it available for when I need it! I’ve also bought down gloves and great-quality socks.
I’m planning a move from Massachusetts to northern Maine so...
A well planned, well paced and precise video as always. Great job C.P. !!
That was great. When the temp dips to below freezing, 32F or below, I pull out my fur hats, gloves and scarves...my mother taught me this years ago...NOTHING keeps you warmer than animal skins and fur. Natures way of protecting us when we can't...need to watch again and take notes...and check my current gear.
As a person that hates the cold and also stays very cold, I loved this informative video. Thank you.
Yes me too. Know I know exactly what to have in my Winter wardrobe. So relieved !!!!
@@wayaca47 yes👏🏽👏🏽
That’s what i call a proper review
I'm in North Dakota for over 30 years and have never made it past level 2. It's really about balancing clothing with activity level conditions and covering exposed skin.
Merino wool is the best. Thanks Der Guy.
Allow me to introduce Musk Ox Wool...
Musk Ox Wool is second to none.
It has at least the same insulation capabilities - and best of all - it doesn't shrink.
The disadvantage is that it's much more pricy.
I love mittens. I used them in -40° temps when I was a forklift driver in a freezer. once you break them in you can still do things like write with a pencil , push buttons on a joystick , etc...
Mine were "wahls" brand . Leather with a synthetic fur interior.
Not expensive and my fingers never got cold. I'd suggest getting some for elderly , and young people for preparedness reasons.
where do you buy wahl's mittens? I tried amazon and google find, i can't find them.
Can you give more details, where one can find them, how do they look, etc? I can't find them googling...
@@user-dc2gx2rg9h
Did you find them?
@@MaximC I got mine from a catalog my job had . I worked in a freezer. The brand isn't important . I just looked at mine and I misspelled it. It's "Walls".
Maybe try searching arctic gear or freezer suits and accessories.
@@MaximC it a leather glove with no separation between the fingers , just a thumb , and a large pocket for the other four digits.
C.P: "-20 you can still get work done... outside"
Houston: 😂😂😂😂
At minus 20° i can get lotsa work done INSIDE !!! ⛄🌴⛄
Thanks for this video!! I work as Security during the night and it’s about 0 degrees Celsius with some wind and this video has honestly been more helpful than anything else I’ve found.
Only in Canada would -10 degrees be "moderately cold" light jacket weather.
You should do a review of the S- Boston Pocket Hand Warmer... In my opinion it far superior than any other I've tried. It can give you heat up to 75C (167F) and lasts for up to 20 hours. This hand warmer is easy lighting and extinguishing. There's no need for a lighter, simply press the button for 5 ~ 10 seconds and it starts working!
I live in South Texas but I'm always freezing and the info about the base layer was very useful to me. Never realized the downsides of cotton. At worst it gets freezing for maybe a few days at a time but after February it's all over but I'm still cold. I'm a real whiny baby about being cold even though I actually prefer cooler weather. On an other note, the dogs look MAGNIFICENT! More dogs please:)
the only problem with poly is it is highly flammable
That used to be the case, now-adays i think they are required to have flame retardants in them (not 100% sure though) ... now flame retardant doesn't mean flame proof, but they shouldn't burn like they used to, and only melt for a very short period of time (yes that still means holes around the campfire) ... ps. the melting can still be a problem because if you get that on your skin it prolongs contact and thus severity of the burn.
That's a good thing if you're looking for level 4 warmth.
when it burns you get really warm
OMG, this video is very informative. Just started a job as a Locomotive maintenance tech and I’m gonna frequently travel to Michigan to service CSX locomotive’s and I really needed some great info, thanks
I live in a town called Wigan in England, I think the record coldest my town has been is -11c (-24c is the UK's coldest record temperature) but personally I find a damp 2c worst than a cold minus temperature. Marino wool base layers all the way for me ...and a merino balaclava and glove and socks.!All good tips though. Keep up the good work😊👍
i wear the same stuff
I thought it was deceiving that my computers tell me that the UK doesn't reach more than 1 degree !!!! I knew it was so much colder.. but can't explain why I can't see it... when I see my garden it tells a different tale altogether !!!!
When you finish the 3d level, suddenly you feel you need to pee.
Loved the video. I really want the setup you use for level 3 winter. I live in alberta and every year we see a week at least of minus 50 celcius weather. I work in it doing snow removal so i am very climatized for cold weather. But those beaver gloves. Omg i didnt know they made such beauties.
+justin black Yeah they will be great when I finally get a snowmobile!
My daughter is going to Canada for a family reunion in winter, we're born and raised in Hawaii. It's a huge climate change for her, she'll be 6. We honestly don't know how to dress in cold weather hence the reason I'm here 🤣. Thank you for the well needed info. All your knowledge is appreciated. I hope they sell these in kids sizes. I'm sure she'll love playing in the snow. Thanks again! Have a good one!
I think experience, knowing how to dress for the activity level, is the key. I mean, it dictates what you should wear imo. So you cannot say you should wear this for that temp, and that for that temp. It totally depends on how hard your body is working and thus, how much heat your body is creating. The most critical thing is to avoid sweat at all costs. Synthetics usually traps sweat near your skin and make you even colder after activity. I have worn only a thin woolen mesh baselayer and a thin uniform in 15- C when moving with a (very) heavy pack and kept a perfectly cosy body temp. When pausing in such a scenario, just temporaily pull on a heavy woolen sweather/pants. Then remove these when moving again. If on standstill or guard duty, pack on with heavy wool and tighten any air gaps, especially around the neck/head. Some of the major aortic arteries is placed very shallowly beneath your neck-skin and they suck the warmth out of you if not properly covered. A Polished military leather boots, with thin wool socks and wool soles is more durable than goretex shoes. As you said, do not pack on to many pairs of socks - it will freeze your feet solid. You want to create an air barrier, like house insulation - so make room in your boots. Military-style boots could be used as ski boots as well, unlike civilian winter boots. Multi-purpouse is smart. I would not recommend any synthetics at all, only a thin raincoat/poncho for rainy weather and perhaps the upside of your headwear, to keep moistyre away from your hair. Synthetics like goretex and fleeces, burns when hit by even the smallest sparks or flame and tears yeasily when heavily used. In addition it is usually very noisy, not good for hunting or other stealthy work. The down jackets are indeed warm, but will not be warm if wet. My recommendation is to just augment military/indigenous kit. Wear woolen / animal skin tunics. For example a wool bush shirt / boreal shirt.
Very detailed and honest.. we need more people like him!
I'd say the reason they blame the head for heat loss is due to people not wearing proper headwear compared to the rest of the body.
Source: Myself as a teen not wearing a hat ha ha
Well it's actually most to do with the opening of your jacket at your neck ... so wearing a scarf is probably more important than wearing a hat ... this is obviously because heat rises, and if your neck isn't sealed well in order to trap the heat, you will loose it ... (head wear, imo, is mostly to do with comfort of the ears, because most (not all) have hair (aka natural fibers) to protect their head from cold) ... So there is some merit to saying you loose most the heat at the top of you body, but that is due to the heat rising and escaping at your neck 'aka the top of your body'... ... the more you dive into this stuff the more you pick up and know ;)
some girls: it is so cold! me: close your jacket, put on a hat they: nah it doesn't look cool
Going back to old videos. Thanks CP for all your hard work and great information...
i've been wearing darn tough socks for the past year, i live in a warm climate so I rock the coolmax and they're the only thing i'll wear.
+Kody Soles they rule!
This is an awesome video. I want all kinds of fur lined stuff now.
There’s one thing I can say about heated garments. I have a heated vest and it lasts ten hours on the low setting. When I wear it under an insulated jacket it shuts off automatically when it gets to a certain temp. Then if I get cold again I can turn it back on and I’m toasty in no time. This makes the battery seem as if it lasts way longer than ten hours. I’ve never owned anything else heated, and don’t really want to, but I do like how this system has been working so far this year
0:50 the doggies 😍😘
There is cold weather, and then there is Canada. If you visit there even in early spring time, I recommend bringing heavy sweater, thick down winter coat, hat and gloves. I made the mistake of visiting their in late March, and I only had my Fall/Spring jacket (no heavy sweater, gloves or hat). One night was waiting outside a crowded bar before they would let you in, I only lasted a couple minutes, before I gave up and ran to my car (and I was in the military and slept in tents with no heat, when it was below freezing, the water in canteens froze).
I went out in -40 celsius once in just sweatpants and my jacket. And i went about 3 km to the store and back. And it was really cold!!!
Always those rare few that wants to prove they are tougher than everybody else, the other day i saw a young "dude" walking around in a T-shirt, shorts and sandals.....it was -11 Celsius.
Silversurfer I walk home from school in Alberta everyday and I regularly see people in sandals, shorts, and t-shirts.
@@Unvexed Nuts, that wouldn't be me, ever, and I'm in the mountains - it's a balmy -5 C at 7 pm right now.
Are you from Winnipeg?
Yeah yeah, i get it, you have a door to your garage and the store was a drive-in ... well played though, well played :P
Great video. My wife and I live in the mountains of Mongolia in our yurt camp. January average low is -30C and high -20C. The lowest I've experienced personally is -46C when I walked to work in 2011. I find that if you're active, you don't need a lot of kit. If it gets windy at all, you'll need to cover any exposed skin and that includes double-lens ski goggles. My core usually isn't the problem or my feet. I still have issues with fingers going numb. Despite what you said, I've found electric under-gloves to work quite well to stop numbness.
We don't have a lot of western brands here, although they can be bought online and imported. Down jackets are great - I've got several good ones - but you're correct that most have extremely thin nylon outer fabrics which are very vulnerable to tears when working outside. As an alternative I've got a sheepskin lined 'deel' which is a Mongolian traditional robe. I'm going to try it this winter. I also bought some leather boots which are lined with dog fur. I wear electric heated socks under those but don't always need them since I don't seem to suffer from cold feet as much as hands.
I'll look into the fur gloves made locally but doing any outdoor work would be very tricky. The inner gloves can help with that, as you said.
How do you keep your nose warm? My nose dries if I don't wear a mask, if I wear a mask I get a runny nose and makes me feel more colder. Any suggestions?
This is good info. Also a great reminder of why I live in Fl. I was kayak fishing this morning. 😂😂
God willing I'm never anywhere near a place that gets that cold. That being said, this was a great video full of useful tips. Thank you.
So what you are saying ... (1) United States West Coast clothing, (2) United States Midwest and New England clothing, ... and then (3) Canuckian daily clothing.
So happy to have found this information. Now I know exactly what to have in my Winter wardrobe. So relieved 😊
I'm watching this to prepare for my first winter in Ukraine. 😬
Greetings from Chernihiv! Usually our winter is -10 to -20.
What is the chance of me finding your channel when you collabed with Bald n bankrupt. And then, 6 months later i randomly watch this video and here you are.
How are things over there currently with everything that's going on
better join the military, as ussr is preparing to invayde the ukraine...
polyester is NOT polypropylene. They are both polymers but are completely different materials.
Most of these guys wear an inner layer such as meriano wool. When it was around -25 in Toronto, I had no inner layer just a regular sweater from RW&CO and do a daily walk about 30mins to work in my Canada Goose expedition. Other accesories include Sugoi cycling gloves with fingertip cellphones and a Sugoi beanie. Pants were heattech layered khakis from Mark warehouse and they have served me up to -30 without warm socks for the shins. Shoes were Ecco Goretex hikers.
When I was in Winnipeg, in -40 weather, I would see kids outside wearing running shoes and windbreakers. Maybe you should talk to them to discover their secrets.
The secret is that they're running around.
They are probably finnish
@@volvo7453 It easily can Be -40
@@volvo7453 Yes it was. The pigeons weren't flying - they were dying.
@@volvo7453 in edmonton last year we had coldest temp on earth 3 days straight. My car read -47 Celsius, however we here all know Winterpeg is worse, i believe him (rabbit general) :P
I agree completely with your assessment. I do a couple of things different. I use a Very lightweight Kevlar coveralls with built in Gators to protect my cold weather clothing, also it helps with wind penetration. I use Muskox down for head, feet and hands, I’ve never used anything warmer, it work superbly in the Antarctic.
AKA freezing cold, cold AF, and AW HELL NAW
is that a fluffy reference?
THIS GUY SPEAKS THE TRUTH
Me here in Florida watching where it dosent even get below 40 in the middle of winter at night 🤣
Wow .. thanks for the tips, I got a whole lot to learn about winter gear preparation. Living in Colorado doesn't mean we know it all..!
That was exactly what type of video I was waiting for, tank you. I like your video because we know you will not recomend us a shitty product only to made cash llike some other👍 sorry for my english im french from canada😀
These are all well and good for standing around in the cold or maybe walking to work but if you are actually out there trying to work you want lots of layers over one extra thick jacket. The ability to customize as conditions change and you undertake different levels of activity is super important. A giant jacket is not good if you soak it with sweat while hiking and then pause to cook a meal in your now wet and cold coat.
Dude is so Canadian that calls -10⁰c as 'cool'. My dude, I freezing here when it's 20⁰c
20 Celsius is summer in the Canadian Rockies in full sunshine. Wouldn't have it any other way.
Just as a little rule I have for doing things in the winter which takes longer. At -10 C + 50% the time to do a task, at -20 C twice as long, at -30 C three times as long.
Live in Minnesota with way below zero weather...just purchased The North Face "Gotham III" and it's working out pretty good. 550 Goose Down/tough fabric like a canvas and water proof and windproof 100%. I like that it has a hood with a face covering incorporated into it. It is my Level II go to jacket...My Atlas Corp (original US Military Contractor) parka is my level III with some layering.
So whats the best coat that would keep you warmest😅i dont think i understand your comment
Minnesota here. It's hard to believe that people need this kind of education. I also forget that people don't live in the below zero weather like we do for months. Much love from Minnesota. I would like to contact you with some feedback, long time follower and your videos are pretty much spot on. The after the collapse sieries is by far the most educational for the average person. Kudos.
Currently freezing my ass of in my car because I went out without a coat in 35 degree weather. 😬 Every time I’ve done this I hear CP’s voice in my head saying “don’t go out in the middle of winter in a t shirt!” Haha ooooooops
Great video!... Spent one winter (Sept to April) working between Fairbanks and Deadhorse, AK. If you want to function, you WILL learn how to dress... At -40F (this is the only time C & F are the same) we carried two pair of boots. One pair rated at -10 to -20 for strenuous activity , and one rated at -40 or more for staying 'stationary'. It worked for us. Maybe boots have improved since 2001-2
-20: "For most people this is very cold"
Me, From northern Ontario: Pathetic
Toronto: dies
-93 Celsius
I am in bc lol and right now in Richmond it’s only 5 -6 degrees
Good recommendations.
I regularly go long range shooting at -10F/-20F with wind.
Last year I went long range shooting at -35F in Minnesota (Windchill was -40F to -45F). Biggest issue is keeping my hands warm. Feet are the 2nd one to go. Had 1600 grams of insulation in my hunting boots and 4 pairs of socks. Couple medium thickness poly, then ankle poly sock and over that FITS boot socks (FITS are awesome, warm and stay on your foot all day, walked to 600 yards a few times no socks sliding).
You are correct about socks/gloves with electric heater. I have those too, but don't wear them. Too much hassle. They are either too hot, or not warm enough. And electric socks slide down your leg and bunch up immediately.
At -35F with wind I had 4 layers on my legs (including ski pants) and 5 layers on my torso. I usually wear a thin sturdy jacket that is windproof. Don't like bulky ones. Neck warmer is awesome and helps a lot. Balaclava is must, then thin cap, topped off with ear muffs for shooting. Only issue is icicles forming on my eyebrows and optics fogging if you exhale close to it.
After a few winters you learn what works. I have mittens with pocket on the back side of my fingers where I slip a warming pad. It works for couple of hours and after they fade away. But it helps. You body initially gets confused, until it learns that you need more blood in your extremities.
I am still learning from people like you. Did not know about those boots. Over years wore all kind of socks but will buy a pair of ones you mentioned to check them.
Thank you for sharing, beautiful dogs❣
Is there anything we should do, and when for pets too?
Depends on if your dogs live outside or not.
If they live outside year round they will fur up and stay warm so long as you feed them enough (and it will be SUBSTANTIALLY more than the warm months, as in how many times more not how much percent more).
If they live inside with you (where it is warmer), then you need to be concerned about them when you take them out. Paw socks to keep their feet dry and ice from building between the toes are the first step, but you will need to get your dog used to wearing them (preferably in warmer months). You can also put a dog coat on them if needed.
Of course, since that is only for dogs not acclimated to the outside, if it is too bad outside just leave your dogs at home for their own safety.
i would like to see more of the dogs
Thank you for the info! I’m a Land Suryeyor In the Midwest. I’ve been struggling with the winter’s for a little more than 25 years. I’ve found a few things that work for me with big companies like…The North Face, Columbia and Carhartt and even Patagonia, but they tend to focus on the weekend adventures. They tend to discontinue what really works. In this one video I’ve watched of yours, you have really helped. Keep up the good work! I’m going to watch more and hopefully find something that fits my work style!
Just come to my country Indonesia and visit the island of Bali here so that you don't have to use these 3 levels. Aka, undressed. 😁😁😁
Must be nice
One of my favourite hats when it gets really cold here in Norway is a Canadian beaver trappers hat similar to in the video. I always wish for really cold winters so I can wear it. So warm!
That’s a $600 CAD hat. Keep it in the hotel when u visit Malmö 😎
@@retiredrebel Yeah, it isnt a cheap hat. But it will probably last the rest of my life and it is so comfy when it is very cold.
Dogs are thinking what a wuss!
*Laughs in finnish*
Depends of course how long you're staying outside, I think this guide is accurate and good if you're going to be staying outdoors for several hours. Living in cities tho and having to maybe walk distances that take something like 10-45 minutes, I personally do this:
-10C: Normal pants, Normal shirt + hoodie/college shirt, basic winter jacket. Beanie and thin gloves, such as leather gloves.
-20C: Same as -10C, but add lower layered clothing. Can be merino wool or polyester-cotton mix pants and shirt. You can still get away with thin gloves, although your finger tips are gonna freeze a little bit, so you might want to get mittens instead. I also suggest getting wool socks, which can be used either alone or on top of your cotton socks to lessen the freeze on your toes.
-30C: Same as before, but now you need add proper outer layer clothing. A proper winter jacket with winter pants, basically the same clothes you wear if you've ever been downhill skiing. Good gloves are mandatory unless you're going to only keep your hands in your pockets. Wool socks are also important, because even if you were cold resistant, your toes are still gonna freeze like hell.
-40C: Don't go out.
I also suggest taking vitamin D, C and zinc on the regular to avoid getting colds. You can switch these around depending on where you're living, I'm sure some of you never even have to deal with -20C. In that sort of place you can just take this list and add 10C to all of them. I just suggest being careful about having too warm clothes in climates that reach extremely cold temperatures, because you wont have much you can add on after lvl 3. This means that if you wear fully layered clothes at -10C and suddently the climate drops to -25C, it's going to feel super cold to you.
I have never met a Canadian that knew anything about cold-weather or survival. Ha ha ha I am such an asshole! Just kidding good video
😂😂 the username
I am a fledgling bushcrafter from southern California, aspiring to experience adventure into the Far Northern woods someday. This wonderful video is spot-on for the info on coverage during Arctic/extreme cold weather conditions. THANK YOU for sharing your knowledge with the world, and in honor of my Canadian ancestry through maternal lineage : Rock on, hoser! I'm smashing that subscription button now : D
10 Steps to Survive a Winter Power Outage
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Bugging out in Winter Survival Tips
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Winter Bugout Bag
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Everyone is asking about the level sweater, I lucked out and picked it up off amazon a year ago, didnt expect much but was pleasantly surprised, good value USA amzn.to/2Sw05wH CANADA amzn.to/37bpLEd other gear links in description, cheers!
Come On Nate, gotta Hit Leg Day Harder showing off those Chicken Legs... Keep Up the Great Work, we're all gonna need it with these Crazy Cold Spurts.
do you take visa or just pay pal?
Canadian Prepper I was going to ask for the handmedowns when you upgrade, but after seeing the coyote and beaver pelts, I think I'll take my chances freezing to death over a grizzly bear attack!
Grizzly: Sniff Sniff, Yummy Dog, Coyote, Beaver and With a Dash of Canadian Pepper, Priceless!
Canadian Prepper: it's Prepper Prepper not Pepper, Shiate..........Wheres My Gun?
Hey Roman or the Atwoods, I see You 👀
Peace and God Bless
Want to survive? Measure in Celcius. I noticed water freezes at 0 Celsius did y'all notice that too? Happy prepping and don't forget to pack cookies.
Timothy Curnock it is in Celsius
Terrific video. Well produced. Valuable infor...even for CDNs. :) So many TH-cam sites talking about hi-end winter jackets e.g. Canada Goose but neglect to talk about pants and boots. :) Can't really ignore "the other half".
Wearing a TNF shell now. GORE-TEX. with a TNF ""level 2" fleece jacket used as the linter. It was part of a 3-in-1 system. Should have bougtht the Nuptse down jacket. Only bought the vest. Not sure if a Nuptse down jacket will zip into the shell. A 2021 down jacket. Should be the same as the Nuptse jacket from decades ago. Havent' bothered to buy one to find out. Thought I lost my mind spending what I did. :) Now I'm vaguely considering down pants. Though honestly I've never needed them for walking around the block walking my dog even in -30c....just wore thermal pants under my jeans and winter boots rated to -25c.
I wish I would of cam across this video 10 years ago.. I'm originally from Florida and moved to Toronto 10 years ago.. Ended up working winters in outdoor construction and spent hundreds going through items trying to stay warm..
I found this very helpful. LIving in Arizona you don't see cold much but I like to be able to be prepared for some cold. So you don't get much instruction here, this was helpful.
Beaver gauntlets = end game boss level!
Excellent job of that. Love your choices and the reality you represent. Oh and yah, BAFFIN BOOTS!