Rice Harvest In Middle Of Forested Mountains North Iran

Rice harvest in the unique paddy fields of northern Iran
In the north of Iran, they harvest rice in the month of August. Most of the rice in the north is harvested in this month
Rice is one of the most important grains and food items in the world
Half of the world's population depends on rice as a staple food
Hashemi rice has many fans in Iran, and for this reason, many Gilani farmers choose Hashemi rice for cultivation
Some of the rice fields in the north of Iran are located among the forested mountains. These farms are surrounded by unique Hyrcanian forests.
Hyrcanian mixed forests or Hyrcanian mixed forests is a biome in the mixed broadleaf forest biome of the southern edge of the Caspian Sea and the northern edge of Alborz with an area of 55,000 square kilometers (21,000 square miles) (7% of the area of Iran), which is on the southern edge and The south-west of the Caspian Lake is located in parts of the five northern provinces of Iran and in the two countries of Iran and the Republic of Azerbaijan.
This forest is 25 to 50 million years old (Paleogene period) and is considered one of the most valuable forests in the world and is known as a natural museum. At that time, most of the northern temperate regions of the planet were covered by such forests. During the Ice Age, the Quaternary, these forests became smaller but expanded again at the end of the Ice Age.
More than 3,200 plant species, 44% of amphibians, 58 bird species, 58 mammal species including Iranian leopard and Mazandaran tiger live in these forests.
Evidence suggests that rice originated in the Pearl River Valley of China 8000-13000 years ago
In Iran, the provinces of Mazandaran, Gilan and Golestan respectively have the highest amount of production of this product
Also, rice is cultivated in the provinces of Khuzestan, Isfahan and Fars, which are known as the south pole of rice cultivation
Apart from the types of rice in the north of Iran, it has been recorded in at least 14 provinces of the country that Iranian rice is planted in small and large amounts, but its type and quantity are different
The quality of rice produced in these provinces and in its different parts is not equal and has differences
Before the 50s, Iranians used bread for every meal, but after this
decade, rice gradually took the place of bread، So that now most Iranians consume one meal of rice a day
In 2020, world production of paddy rice was 756.7 million metric tons (834.1 million short tons)s, led by China and India with a combined 52% of this total
Other major producers were Bangladesh, Indonesia and Vietnam. The five major producers accounted for 72% of total production
Rice is the staple food of over half the world's population
It is the predominant dietary energy source for 17 countries in Asia and the Pacific, 9 countries in North and South America and 8 countries in Africa
Rice provides 20% of the world's dietary energy supply, while wheat supplies 19% and maize (corn) 5%
Rice is a major food staple and a mainstay for the rural population and their food security It is mainly cultivated by small farmers in holdings of less than one hectare Rice is vital for the nutrition of much of the population in Asia, as well as in Latin America and the Caribbean and in Africa
A World Bank - FAO study claims 8% to 26% of rice is lost in developing nations, on average, every year, because of post-harvest problems and poor infrastructure
Because of the importance of rice to human nutrition and food security in Asia, the domestic rice markets tend to be subject to considerable state involvement
World trade figures are very different from those for production, as less than 8% of rice produced is traded internationally
Paddy drying is done in factories
Therefore, the paddy is transported to the factory to be dried and milled
In Iran, Hashemi rice, Tarem Hashemi rice, black tail rice, Sadri rice, Ali Kazemi rice, Shiroudi rice and Fajr rice are the most popular Iranian rice.
All these rices have a unique aroma and taste
Most of these rices are grown in Gilan province
Sometimes, after harvesting rice in the traditional way, farmers keep the paddy in the warehouse for some time.
The villagers of Gilan and Mazandaran use a structure called Kunduj to store rice stalks.
Rice is a staple food and mainstay for the rural population and their food security.
This rice is mainly grown by small farmers in fields of less than one hectare.
After harvesting the rice ears, the paddy is put into sacks to be transported to the rice mill.

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