Understanding Heat Risks
ฝัง
- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 15 ก.ย. 2024
- Climate Emergency Forum focuses on the severe health impacts of extreme heat, particularly on vulnerable populations like pregnant women, infants, and prisoners. It highlights that heat waves are becoming more frequent and intense due to climate change.
This video was recorded on August 21st, 2024, and published on September 1st, 2024, and represents the opinions of the discussion participants.
The speakers discuss how heat exposure during pregnancy can lead to complications such as preeclampsia, reduced blood flow to the placenta, and an increased risk of preterm birth and stillbirth.
The conversation also addresses the long-term effects of heat exposure on infants, including cognitive deficits, motor delays, and increased risk of chronic health issues later in life. The speakers emphasize that heat-related deaths are often underreported or misattributed to other causes, masking the true extent of the problem. They also discuss the urban heat island effect, which exacerbates heat risks in cities, and the challenges of adaptation, such as the increased use of air conditioning contributing to further emissions.
The dialogue concludes by highlighting the progress made in addressing heat waves since the 2003 European heat wave, but stresses that much more needs to be done. The speakers call for better education about heat risks, improved reporting of heat-related deaths, and more accessible cooling solutions, particularly for vulnerable populations. They also emphasize the need for urgent action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to mitigate the worsening impacts of climate change.
Links:
- Heat-related mortality in Europe during 2023 and the role of adaptation in protecting health
www.nature.com...
- Too Hot to Handle (CEF Video)
• Too Hot to Handle
- A deadly Hajj season: What happened in Mecca this year
www.cbc.ca/new...
- MEER Update 2023 (CEF Video)
• MEER Update 2023
- Air Pollution - Particulates Matter (CEF Video)
• Air Pollution - Partic...
- Low Birth-Weight Babies: Understanding 8 Effects on Cognitive Growth
www.jammiscans...
- July sets new temperature records
wmo.int/media/...
- Global warming in the pipeline
academic.oup.c...
Regular Panelists:
Dr. Peter Carter - MD, Expert IPCC Reviewer and the director of the Climate Emergency Institute
Paul Beckwith - Climate Systems Scientist. Professor at the University of Ottawa's Paleoclimatology Laboratory as well as at Carleton University
Regina Valdez - Program Director, Climate Reality Project, NYC. GreenFaith Fellow and LEED Green Associate
Video Production:
Charles Gregoire - Electrical Engineer, Webmaster and IT prime for FacingFuture.Earth & the Climate Emergency Forum; Climate Reality Leader
Heidi Brault - Video production and website assistant, Organizer and convener, Metadata technician, COP team lead for FacingFuture.Earth and the Climate Emergency Forum; BA (Psychology); Climate Reality Leader
Our Website:
climateemergen...
Attributions:
Background Music:
- Title: Through the City II
- Author: Crowander
- Source: crowander.com
Image and Video: climateemergen...
It’s insane how many people plug their ears and don’t want to accept the chaos that’s coming
We're on borrowed time. Make the best of it.
Got shopping to do.
You dont even want to accept the chaos is already here..
It truly is
they are fluffing around and they gonna fluffing find out
The three of you are so appreciated! I have so much respect for what you are doing to serve us. It's shocking how fast temperatures are increasing. If this continues, I fear that we don't have a lot of time left before collapse occurs.
Thank you so much!
It is hard for us to admit that the only way to avoid collapse will be a total worldwide socialist revolution. Seems too farfechted to conceive and too drastic to handle but I really don’t see any other way
I think most importantly we need to build for a warmer planet. We shouldn’t need air conditioning to keep us cool at home. There are houses in the dessert that stay cool because of the way they were built. We need to focus on better building and city regulations to keep our communities cool and healthy.
More underground homes.
@@richdiana3663 and nocturnal people
@@richdiana3663 Bit late for that. We need to stop the endless cars cars cars cars cars and more cars cars cars and cars and of course animal agriculture which is responsible for 30% of global warming.
We can change our homes to need less cooling and change things like the color of our roofs and pavement.
Solutions for cooling without mechanical air conditioning that work in desert areas might not work in areas that have high humidity.
People do not realize that our grids cannot handle more and more air confitioners
India has another few hundred million coming online in the next 20 years to accommodate for the heat
yes but solar panels synergie well since they deliver power when the sun is shining which is when you need AC’s the most. obviously they are not cheap and need roof space and roof stability
@@Caipi2070Solar panels are cheap and getting cheaper all the time.
Would it be possible to have air conditioners with their own built in solar panels making it unnecessary to plug in?
First 30 seconds, I was shocked at the numbers, so I fact checked. Peter is correct. Astonishing numbers
Thank you for your work.
We're toast.
Thank you for your support.
It's not looking good for Australia this summer.
I am Australian. I agree it's not looking good.
Im in Perth WA and she’s already heating up. Last year was blistering and never ending with many trees dying off at unprecedented rates and this summer is going to be a show stopper
@@aum82 Sorry to hear that for you and your fellow citizens. The death tolls will keep rising. There are some places in the world where there are places to retreat to when some areas become unlivable, but Australia isn't really one of them.
Why Australia this summer? Heating from bushfire?
It's been below average for the last 4 years, as you go north it gets warmer but weter
50 years of ecological overshoot! and now Earth has a fever because she's sick of us 😢
Mental health, Regina, Paul, and Dr. Carter. My mh is so bad because of this.
I’m a 31 year old college student studying anthropology and ancient Mediterranean cultures. Something I notice in old world archaeology and mythology from Mesopotamia to Ancient Greece and Rome is that so many anthropomorphic gods in polytheistic belief systems are attributed to the natural world. When their fertility goddess doesn’t bring in the harvests anymore, and society is collapsing, they cast her aside and allow new belief systems to emerge, for a time. But then they can always come back to their belief that allows them to have a healthy relationship with their fertility or crop deity, reciprocity of sacrifice and worship for them and they bring healthy crops.
But climate change is so different. That liquid black sun is Death, and we pump it into our air like there is infinite room in the atmosphere and lands and seas for it. There will be no more green when we block out the sun and scorch our lands and suffocate our co-inhabitants. It will all be fire then ice again.
Peter talks a lot about fossil fuel fascism, and I see it clear as day. If anything, humans should be so predictable, always trying to make our lives more comfortable and easy to live so we can reproduce. And the idea that disinformation campaigns, starting before I was even born, have gotten us to this apocalypse, leads me to believe there is little hope for a peaceful goodbye when systems collapse and we all fend for ourselves. We are too hubristic. My beliefs now revolve around making the most of my time, and understanding that I can’t stop it. I worry for my family and my pets, friends and strangers. I wonder who will live and who will die and how soon it will happen. At least there is always hope of a green earth again, because life is nothing if not resilient.
More of us feel the same way each day we look around us. Good Luck!
@ryanzblue I'm 15 years older than you, so it was before you were born that I had already realized that nothing would change. Back in the late 1980's, I was already quite certain that people wouldn't stop driving their cars, buying their "stuff," and having more kids; it wasn't in our nature as a species. Add to that the people who invented propaganda of the type that could make people spend $200 for a $75 pair of shoes, or drink the poison that is Coca-Cola, were tasked to make us do all of those things more and more--buy more cars, drive more miles, buy more stuff, ignore more pollution, deny more science.
So yes, it's been inevitable since before you were born. I'd say the last possible turn-back point was somewhere around 1995; by 2000, the ending was written.
Why write this disturbing confirmation? Because of one thing you said, "...we all fend for ourselves." This, I believe, isn't entirely true. If you mean that we won't have governments taking care of us, sure. They don't do a great job of taking care of us now, obviously, since they can't even force the fossil fuel companies to pay taxes on their blood-money, much less stop them digging the hole we're in even deeper. But even after the food systems collapse and the governments have all fallen to tatters, we won't be fending for ourselves one-by-one, dog eat dog.
People in crisis band together. There are far fewer psychopaths in everyday life than are in charge of the world systems right now. Neighbors help each other, complete strangers help each other. So, learn what you can that will help you and whoever you care about to have a life worth living; and know that yes, 10 million years from now, every last niche of life will have been refilled with some new, beautiful, amazing living thing. We will see the monarch butterflies disappear in the next decade; but some new creature which has just as much beauty will come into existence in their place.
I understand that I can't stop it. The issue is what can I do? I don't mean not using plastic straws, what can I do for my local ecosystem? The greater viability an ecosystem was facing the new climate, the healthier the planet will be. I support legal organizations that fight public lands being used for purely economic reasons. I don't go to "popular" national parks. Nature is not there for our amusement. I don't fish, because the money from my license goes to kill wolves. I've planted sagebrush in areas that have been burned out, knowing many of these areas will not support sagebrush for up to 100 years, and that is if it can avoid yet more fires. I plant pollinator plants, even though I haven't seen a butterfly for years. Seems unlikely, but one sagebrush can seed hundreds of others, one native wildflower can feed one species of bug that might feed one type of lizard, that might......
Do you ever wonder why an all powerful loving god doesn't ste
p in and solve climate change issues?
I built a straw bale house that rarely gets above 80. It can be 105 outside and my house stays cool. My problem is I turned 65 and my tolerance for heat has disappeared. 80 is too hot! I wonder about our large cities in the south west Phoenix, Los Vegas that are just full of old folk. That is the "dry" heat, humid areas with wet bulb issues are going to use lots of energy. On a high note, Florida might slip into the ocean first.
People are becoming more and more obese everywhere, and of course when you are 100lbs overweight you overheat faster!
The dying trees are Killing me‼️‼️‼️🌲🌲🌲🌲🌲💢😞😞😞😞💔💔💔💔💔💢
Same in Western Australia. Northern and southern hemisphere. The die off is ubiquitous
Air conditioning is a crutch that has made it easier for us to ignore the actual reality of our heating planet .. it has a negative effect that exponentially makes the climate warmer .. but now we cannot survive without it
Thank you for this. Lost two cats due to this heat as for myself can't go outside after 11am and spend my summers huddled round my HEPA cold air machines I'm in London so dread to think what the rest of the planet must be like. And guys I notice that you very rarely discuss animal agriculture in all this also I wonder how much heat is generated by the 'cooking' of all this meat meat meat meat and more more godforesaken meat. Also no mention of cars cars cars cars cars and more godforesaken cars and as for these 'EV' cars they add 'nickel' in the air. Sorry fed today need to go out but the air in London is for 'polluted' that I can't go out in in this morning - it stinks of 'car fumes' - daren't even walk to Tesco in case I have an 'asthma attack' because of godforesaken 'car pollution' - I'm fed up
We lost the Doctor who gave us the 5/2 Diet in a 40C heat wave. R.I.P Michael Mosley
Heat stroke is deadly, but even if you survive, you can have physical damage, like kidney failure.
21:40 I noticed that ACCUWEATHER includes "Ozone" warnings. I never heard of it before this summer. I wondered what it was. Thank you for explaining.
Ground level ozone is usually from automobile emissions, higher concentrations in places close to highways or cities.
Great vid thank you
Glad you enjoyed it
Thank you for your support.
Hot stuff; hot topic!
Thank you for the focus and knowledge. Your becoming a lifeline as we enter this real life disaster movie.
I was thinking the recent sinking of the bayesian super yacht off sicily represented the first high profile casualty off climate chaos in the loss of the tech tycoon Mike lynch. Things are getting pretty scary in many parts of the world....Australia sounds like it is into a new more deadly climate state as it heads into southern hemisphere summer
Great video, great information!
Thank you so much for your support.
There's also the impact of heat damage to medication, which only presents when the heat-damaged medication gets used, and is no longer effective...
My 20 year daughter has mental heath issues and has temperature regulation issues. I wonder if i will find them dead because of the heat or suicide.
I grew up in the UK and there was no Lyme disease. I walked through a field to get to primary school. This was the 50's. I now live in New Zealand (no Lyme here) and was shocked to hear of friends in the UK and Holland who had contracted this disease. I discover it is throughout Europe - and North America. Is this due to a warming climate enabling the ticks to spread North? If so this is yet another health risk associated with climate change.
It's not so much a climate change thing, as it is an introduced species thing. There are ticks and other mammalian reservoirs for the disease on both sides of the ocean; all it would have taken to get the germ across would be an infected human hopping on an airplane, landing in the UK, and encountering a local tick of the appropriate genus, the group called Ixodes. Unfortunately, the tick species in Europe and the UK that is the closest match to our American tick is even better at transmitting Lyme, so it will have had a faster expansion of its range than here in the US.
Another type of tick causes an allergy to meat. This makes anyone bitten a vegetarian. Karma?
Here in Brazil, in the news, more than 200 cities have humidity lower than Saahara. This is extremely concerning.
When the ice caps melt and snow dissappears, we need to find new ways to increase Earth albedo. I've seen suggestions of ultrawhite paint to be used on city surfaces as a mechanism of decreasing temperature, that is, all the roofs and asfalt roads should be painted white, not black. Another way in the third world countries is to paint small stones with white lime and place them in the field between the crop rows or use shading nets. More futuristic suggestion was ice creation by windmills shooting water up in the cold air of Arctic region. We need solutions.
We need to imagine the climate crisis with the same fear that we fought a nuclear war could be in the cold war.
God bless you alll
Thankyou guys. Keep up the great work .
You're welcome and thank you.
Thank you so much for your support.
Thanks ...good nigth ...
We need to talk about going underground. Near me is an active archeological dig where the ancient Americans built their houses with the floor below the frost line which benefits both heating and cooling.
Thank you for telling us what, why, where, and how. It is hard for me to add anything to this but I'll try. I have been told "climates have changed for millions of years". I do not think they ever change everywhere at the same time unless, well, "asteroid". In this case as sad as it is to say, since climates are changing all over the earth at the same time it is obvious humans are the "asteroid".
@ReginaValdez: Re. your point at 17 minutes -- you mention cerebral palsy as a neurodevelopmental disorder. Logically, neurodiversities like autism, ADHD, dyslexia, etc could also be affected by global heating. Has this possibility been studied?
You're correct to point out that other neurodevelopmental conditions like autism, ADHD, and dyslexia could potentially be affected by global heating. While the search results don't specifically mention these conditions, there is some research suggesting that climate change and environmental factors could impact neurodevelopment more broadly. Here's what we can infer from the available information:
1. Early developmental impacts: The search results mention that exposure to extreme heat during pregnancy and early childhood can affect neurodevelopment. For example, one study notes that "early pregnancy exposure to extreme heat is associated with a higher risk of children developing neuropsychiatric conditions" [5].
2. General neurodevelopmental concerns: Several sources discuss the potential impacts of climate change on developing brains. For instance, one study states, "These impacts are magnified as a result of heat-related shorter gestational periods which, in turn, can lead to poorer neurocognitive outcomes and an increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders" [7].
3. Lack of specific studies: While the search results don't explicitly mention autism, ADHD, or dyslexia, the general concerns about neurodevelopment suggest that these conditions could be affected. However, it appears that specific studies on these neurodiversities in relation to climate change may be lacking or weren't included in the search results.
4. Need for further research: The sources emphasize the need for more comprehensive studies on the neurological impacts of climate change. For example, one article mentions, "Adequately designed studies to address this issue are urgently needed, requiring concerted efforts from the entire neurological community" [2].
In conclusion, while the specific neurodiversities you mentioned aren't directly addressed in the search results, the overall concern for neurodevelopment in the context of climate change suggests that these conditions could potentially be affected. However, more targeted research would be needed to draw definitive conclusions about the impacts of global heating on autism, ADHD, dyslexia, and other neurodiversities.
Citations:
[1] www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4298706/
[2] www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8349167/
[3] www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/climate-change-impact-of-rising-temperatures-on-neurological-disorders
[4] www.gavi.org/vaccineswork/climate-change-linked-worsening-brain-diseases-new-study
[5] www.theguardian.com/environment/2024/mar/27/everybody-has-a-breaking-point-how-the-climate-crisis-affects-our-brains
[6] www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0378378220307015
[7] www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667278223000585
[8] en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozone_depletion
Excellent spotlight on reproductive and gender disparity in heat effects!
We know that the global warming from climate change is contributing to the 21st Century's neverending rash of wildfires. Perhaps within another episode Peter could discuss the adverse physiological effects of smoke inhalation.
We hear a lot about the higher morbidlity from exposure to airborne particulate matter from such as industrial/vehicle smog, but much less about the long term adverse effects from the chemical compounds in the smoke of wildfires which can spread for hundreds of miles from the fire's source.
How much exposure before it causes long term damage & scarring to lung alveoli which charge the blood with oxygen ?
We need to rethink urban development to counter the urban heat island effect. For example, buildings can include passive tech that helps keep buildings cool without electricity or aircon (eg ancient persian tech, heat adapted buildings in mexico & india etc), passive housing construction, building outer envelopes, earthships etc
- remove or paint dark surfaces, more green spaces, street shading etc
We may need underground homes (they do exist) and we may need to intro siesta...
Danke. Merci. Gracias.
Bienvenue
A key part of the equation is the ozone layer. It is estimated that 30% of it remains. UVC is being metered at ground.level. all the UVB and UVC have have changed the quality of the heat, making it far more penetrating.
Thank-you for your comment. Based on the search results and scientific consensus, I can fact-check the given statement:
1. "It is estimated that 30% of it remains."
This is incorrect. The ozone layer has been recovering since the implementation of the Montreal Protocol. According to the UN-backed Scientific Assessment Panel report, nearly 99% of banned ozone-depleting substances have been phased out [1]. The ozone layer is expected to recover to 1980 values (before the appearance of the ozone hole) by around 2066 over the Antarctic, by 2045 over the Arctic, and by 2040 for the rest of the world [1].
2. "UVC is being metered at ground level."
This claim is not supported by the provided search results or scientific consensus. UVC radiation is almost entirely absorbed by the ozone layer and other atmospheric gases before reaching the Earth's surface. There's no evidence in the given information that UVC is being measured at ground level in significant amounts.
3. "All the UVB and UVC have changed the quality of the heat, making it far more penetrating."
This statement is not scientifically accurate. While UVB radiation can reach the Earth's surface and has been linked to various health and environmental effects, it doesn't directly affect the "quality of heat." Heat is primarily associated with infrared radiation, not ultraviolet. The search results do not provide any information supporting the claim that UV radiation has made heat more penetrating.
In conclusion, the statement contains several inaccuracies and is not supported by current scientific understanding of the ozone layer and UV radiation as reflected in the provided search results.
Citations:
[1] www.unep.org/news-and-stories/press-release/ozone-layer-recovery-track-helping-avoid-global-warming-05degc
[2] www.canada.ca/en/services/environment/weather/climatechange/canada-international-action/montreal-protocol.html
[3] ozone.unep.org/treaties/montreal-protocol
[4] www.unep.org/ozonaction/who-we-are/about-montreal-protocol
[5] ourworldindata.org/ozone-layer
[6] en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozone_depletion
[7] hub.jhu.edu/2023/01/31/un-report-ozone-layer-recovery/
[8] www.eea.europa.eu/en/topics/in-depth/climate-change-mitigation-reducing-emissions/current-state-of-the-ozone-layer
heat increases to deadly levels -> global human population declines dramatically -> fossil-fuel use and carbon emissions crater due to less demand -> climate recovers over the next few millennia
This is almost certainly our future.
Nah, lol. Our future, as in the human species, is that we'll be reduced to a few percent of our current population within the next 50 years, and it's entirely possible that we'll be extinct soon after that.
The future of the scenario you detailed has two major missing pieces: First, carbon emissions are only going to increase for the next thousand years or so, due to feedback loops triggered by the heat we've already added in to the system. For example, as the permafrost melts, the massive quantities of dead plant matter that thaws out will rot, releasing massive amounts of CO2.
Second, the climate doesn't "recover," actually; it's a matter of coming into a point of balance for a while. The next point at which it reaches a balance will probably be a permanently warmer world, in which plant growth is relatively unlimited, and the temperature will only start to lower on a long-term basis once plants have sopped up a lot of CO2 and locked it away as sedimentary fossils again, aka peat and bitumen.
What I think you really mean by "recover" is a recovery of a living world, full of life that's thriving rather than going through the current Mass Extinction event. If we look at the fossil record from the past five Mass Extinctions, and that will take approximately 10 million years.
And none of this was meant to say that you were *wrong* in the gist of what you said ... I'm just a science-minded person who thought it would be kinda fun to flesh out the science behind your general thoughts. I love this stuff. Not the dying and the being overheated and miserable and the "humans kill everything else on earth" stuff; just the science.
Also keep in mind mature women going through menopause during a major heatwave!
PMS…pack my suitcase!
How we adapt: become nocturnal and live underground
We are in Brasil at spring time ....
I saw a newborn at an outdoor fair. A newborn can seem to be sleeping when really, brain damage is happening from the heat.
Here at Brasil the things are getting strange becayse the farmers keep on burning land at the. Stares if the central part of the country ....and the hear get stronger ....tiday it was 32 degree at Ciiaba ...
Brasil as well also
i think lots of the damage i am seeing is because genetically, with an unusually stable climate the past 10 000 years,that that has favored certain plants and animals , now everything is out of kilter there are mass die offs of less resilient individuals and species . but i guess its my perception that the terrible tree health in my area is `bad `when i see species thriving that like old dead wood ! and its just another bout of evolution until another stable period comes which will then favor whatever fits best then ?
How will heat effect travel? Like flying, even the roads could melt out tires.
In the UK in recent years there have been melting traffic lights
Heat is merely the tip of the "iceberg". Just noting it because deniers in comments are saying the same old dredge- "its cold here" or "cold kills more people than heat."
Topic and poison also heats reaction
What problems we are causing with no answers, except business as usual.
Good evening ....I hope onevof you see this message
So 32 is too much ....once its happening at spring ...
I have to confess that the major reason for me watching these videos is seeing Regina’s beautiful face and listening to her soft voice. Just being honest!😃 I DO listen to the facts too BTW but that is much less of a pleasure of course.
So. 42. Istoo much. Once we are at spring ....
Brazil is burning
It's not "warming". The earth is in meltdown.
thank you, prevent effect of global warming, minerals and temperature of water and air from sea are huge source of energy, reduce more than 50% using fossil fuel, economy will rise by using jet plasma machine and compressed gas(Air) in isolated structure in water pool with more than 80 % efficiency, it has two vertical cylinders, in first level it transfers compressed gas(hot air) temperature from engine to sea water in pool for steam electric generator, steam combines with high cold Air pressure to produce pure water and electricity , New energy from sea will change world soon, there are other source of energy that with international cooperation in coastline we can reduce effect of global warming, further more we can prevent these phenomena like cyclone and flood and wildfire by using this hot seasonal atmospheric condition, recent years in summer, geothermal energy happens in surface of coastline, there are many countries in coastline with seasonal hot weather and water condition in comparison with middle Ocean, its more than 12 degrees , in sum-up, by using this energy not only is economical but also reduce global warming in countries like Japan, China, India, Mediterranean countries, Iran, Brazil, Mexico, Us, Canada, (Africa and Arabian countries....) . I invented new method base on air pressure rules and quantum physics ionization sea water minerals in strong dynamic permanent magnet(SMCO) with special frequency(1500or 3000)/minute bases on paramagnetic and diamagnetic particles and electrical microwave electron wave field and electric chemical reactions and photon wave from semiconductors with special angle Cations like(K+, Mg++, Na+, H+, H++, li+, H2, ...) are transferred to in the second level into up level by vacuum pump from storage into combustion chambers and they combine with O2 and N2 ,... as major part of fuel for producing electricity and fresh water and fertilizer. this machine produces 150Megwatt/hour and 20000M3/DAY fresh water and fertilizer. 7 methods zero pollution for reducing global warming I mentioned in my profile. (G20 countries can solve these phenomena).
12:58 Note: Vulnerability via not only medications, but also recreational and social drugs.
How old are those people. Sometimes it's the drop that spils the 🪣. I think the scary part is when we reach tipping point and it get to hot to live. My guess is we will hear about some dead zone that can kill 1m+ people in a region
As of about a decade ago, I've been predicting a scenario where the American South (USA) will be trapped beneath a heat dome which triggers a massive power grid failure that leaves a dozen US States without power to run AC, leading to millions of people being exposed to Heat Indices of 95F and above for multiple days. The result will be millions of people dead in their homes.
New Orleans is at risk for wet bulb temperatures frequently.
Algo boost!
Not looking good
❤
So, you are worried about the climate collapse is effecting pregnant women. How about the inevitable suffering of any child born today, when C3S tells us that global ave. temps are now increasing 0.2 degC annually and 1 degC every 5 yrs. So any child unfortunate enough to be born today will celebrate (?) their 23rd BD in 2047, when we may well be 6 degC hotter than today. Still want to bring another innocent child into this dying world only to suffer heat exhaustion and die? Hmmmm?
New underground city
This proposal outlines the design and construction of a sustainable underground city utilizing advanced tunneling technology.
Construction Approach
A 50-meter diameter tunnel boring machine (TBM) will create expansive tunnels, minimizing surface disruption while ensuring structural integrity.
Key Features
Air Supply: An innovative air intake system harnesses wave energy for pressurized air, filtered for quality and used in food production and city ventilation.
Water Management: A desalination plant will provide fresh water, while mineral extraction processes will convert brine into fertilizers, promoting sustainability.
Waste Treatment: An advanced sewage system will treat wastewater before safe ocean dispersal.
Transportation: A compressed air engine,(Angelo Dipietro engine) powered by wave energy, will facilitate efficient movement within the city.
Urban Design
The layout includes aeroponic farms, shopping areas, and recreational green spaces, promoting a vibrant community atmosphere. Automated systems will ensure optimal air quality and lighting, enhancing the living environment.
This underground city concept leverages cutting-edge technology to address urban challenges, offering a viable solution for sustainable living in constrained environments
A few modifications to this idea would improve it:
First, the more closed the loop, the easier it would be to avoid adding heat to a heat-stressed biosphere. After all, over time, the temperature above does penetrate into the rock layers beneath. This is why the earth-average-temp is 55F in Wisconsin, but 60F in Southern Utah. This means that air, agriculture, and waste handling would all be as in-loop as possible.
Waste treatment would be an excellent source of fuel, fertilizer, and drinking water. First, ferment human and other wastes for maximum methane production, then use methane for fuel to power the waste-treatment process. Drinking water is reclaimed by crude and medium filtration, followed by bioharvesting of nutrients. The bioharvesting step could be undertaken in rings of tanks lining vertical boreholes, open to sunlight but with multiple insulating (non-glass) windows over the top. By using light from above ground, algae could be grown on the nutrient-water, in turn feeding daphnia and other invertebrates, and finally, filtering out the invertebrates to feed to fish, whose waste would also rejoin the water purification stream. Finally, fine filtration to remove all remaining organisms, and finally, if needed, reverse osmosis to remove any remaining odors or off tastes. The remainder of waste products, largely nutrient and "ash" once the fiber content has been reduced by fermentation, would be treated to separate out any toxic metal compounds and (future technology magic) to remove medical waste and plastic byproducts, leaving clean, perfectly balanced fertilizer.
Agriculture would be something that would best be completed using sunlight. Plants evolved for it; sunlight is "free" energy; and any deviation from that is going to be a massive drain on the available energy, trying to run lighting systems off of non-free energy, with accompanying maintenance and materials costs for running lighting systems. However, agriculture for an underground city would necessarily take up vast quantities of land surface, and be subject to the heat- and water-stresses we would be hoping to leave behind. This is a sticking point that cannot be avoided, but some potential solutions would be to work on vertical farming, especially using specially bred or GMO algae whose sugar and protein products and nutrient profile could be manipulated to produce high food value, a sustenance food that would allow the rest of our plant food-production to focus on nutrient-rich foods that would otherwise be "luxuries."
The need for air cycling would be greatly reduced by the use of algae in the wastewater cycling system; heat build-up from human bodies would be drawn off as a primary driver of air flow through the tunnels, as is currently used in cooling-tunnels in desert habitats. Cool air from under-tunnels would flow in to fill the space vacated by human-heated air, and that heated air would be diverted back into the under-tunnels.
Water flowing in from surrounding rocks would carry with it the toxic compounds typically found in tailing ponds, such as sulfur, arsenic, and fluoride, so it would be best used as a cooling medium for the habitat, as hot air would be diverted to flow over it. The humidified air might be in excess of the humidity levels humans consider comfortable, so it could be run through water-collecting netting to draw off pure water for human use.
All of this fun imagining is too little, too late, and too energy-expensive to ever break even.
There is no free energy ride, which is why we're in this position in the first place. Nutrients cycle; energy flows. There is no way to run a city without massive input-sources of energy, which we currently supply by burning fossil fuels and bringing food in from the surrounding countryside. The best way to achieve a refuge below ground would be to follow the lead of those organisms who have already sorted out these things in the past; termites, for one, have invented the perfect air conditioning system, and fish-plankton communities have figured out the most efficient ways to turn nutrient-rich water into protein and clean water. Our energy needs to run the system would always and only outstrip the ability of the tunnels to supply them; and our above-ground footprint would ultimately be the weak point of the system. The surface of earth is and will continue to be an ever-changing, ever-warming, ever-more-chaotic place, with diminishing human life-support features. They attempted this experiment with the Biosphere II program, and everything always swings out of balance. There is no way to replicate nature.
If we could take all of humankind off the planet right now, without a trace of our industry or our bodies behind, and without adding pollution of any kind as we left, the system would still be so imbalanced that the 6th Mass Extinction would continue on.
So we become mole people then. I hope I’m toast by the the time we have to live like gophers.
Heat also makes it harder to study and do both mental and physical work.
Heat also makes it harder to study and do both mental and physical work, so expect future people to get stupider.
both global warming and higher levels of CO₂ would benefit the biosphere
the Earth is too cold
and CO₂ is a nutrient
Higher levels of CO2 literally make people dumber, clearly some folks are way ahead of the curve.
If you are not a bot, you are listening to non-scientists who have propaganda interests at heart. If you want to participate in this conversation honestly, you need to take a basic set of college courses in chemistry, physics, oceanography, and meteorology. None of these classes need to be from a climate-believing professor; take all of them from a 1960's textbook if you wish. Once you understand the basic principles that climate scientists spend a decade of their lives learning and expanding upon, you will understand what the scope of knowledge is here.
Warming the planet is not a problem for the planet. It is a problem for organisms that evolved to live on a planet whose entire average temperature (all temperatures for all surface-air everywhere) is 59 degrees F. Once you warm the planet as a whole to 61 degrees F average, you've changed the conditions for those organisms too much for them to survive. I know that 1 degree or 2 degrees for the average of an entire planet doesn't seem like much. But small changes are still problematic. You're a human whose temperature hangs around 98.7 F, plus or minus a degree throughout the day. If your temperature rises to 100.7, you have a fever. If you stay that warm, permanently, your body will go from mildly sick to severely sick within a few days; a few days after that, you'll be dead of organ failure. You're just ONE of the many organisms who has this sort of sensitivity to heat.
And that's just looking at the average. The planet is not experiencing those heat increases everywhere, evenly. In Alaska, temperatures have risen as much as 10 and 20 degrees in winter. If you live somewhere that it snows, you could imagine; what if your weather was exactly the same as it was 60 years ago for 11 months of the year, but during the month of January, it was 20 degrees above normal. How would that affect your area? Depending on where you live, it might mean drought (if your water comes off of mountain glaciers) or it might mean insect pests would not suffer winter-die off, so they'd destroy all crops and trees come summer. If that same month of abnormal hit in the summer, what would it do in your area? If your normal summer high temperature was in the 90's for two weeks in July, but instead it went to 110 for two weeks, how would that affect people and wildlife and crops? NOT for the better. Some of the most agriculturally productive areas of the world are located in places that, in times when they were just a few degrees warmer on average, were deserts.
More CO2 helps plants--up to a point. But adding more CO2 stops being a benefit at a certain level. If a kid has a diet deficient in protein and you give them enough protein, sure, they'll start growing faster and healthier. But If you give them more protein than they need, their bodies just won't digest it. Plants are using the amount of CO2 they need and then no more. In fact, plants are struggling in these conditions, because they open their leaves up to get CO2 inside, and close their leaves up when they've had enough, but the whole time the leaves are open, it causes water to flow up through the trunk. Basically, as soon as they have their CO2 for the day and they close up shop, the tree stops "drinking" from the roots, and that means they don't bring that water up and out into the air around them. A forest humidifies itself as it uses CO2, and when the forest gets all the CO2 it needs in half the time, it starts to dry out the air above it. Usually, forests help to create their own rain systems. With this much CO2 in the air, some of that forest-directed weather isn't happening.
A lot of times, as a scientist, you run into creationist-christians who challenge you to "read the bible, it'll tell you everything you need to know." Well, I've read the bible, and I know lots about their religion, but they've never read my books, and they don't know the most fundamental ideas about anything they try to tell me I'm wrong about. It's like arguing with a Kindergartener about Algebra. The same applies here. If you do some basic study of science, you'll know what you're talking about, and not look like a Kindergartener.
@@paintedwings74I couldn’t have put it better myself.
Either this is a joke or a troll, either way they don't deserve a long response, just ignore them.
@@paintedwings74touché.
Also keep in mind mature women going through menopause during a major heatwave!
Heat also makes it harder to study and do both mental and physical work.