Embryology of the Eye (Easy to Understand)
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 15 พ.ค. 2020
- The development of the eyes explained in 15 minutes.
If you are completely new to embryology and you want to understand it quickly, this should be the first video you watch:
- • Introduction to Embryo...
Post any questions you have about the video below, I read all the comments:
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SUMMARY OF THE VIDEO FOR YOUR NOTES
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Development of the eye is a little bit more complex than most of the organs already discussed, but as usual we will break it down simply so that we can make it easy to understand.
The eye is first noticed in week three of development. Just like the development of ears are marked with the appearance of an otic placode and then an otic vesicle, the eyes are marked by the appearance of the optic placode and vesicle on either side of the embryo. As the anterior and posterior neuropores close (see CNS section), the optic placodes will form into the optic vesicles. The optic placodes are developed from neural tube (ectoderm). The optic vesicles grow until they touch the ectoderm of the skin of the embryo. The lens’ then initiate their formation, at which point the vesicle evaginates to form the optic cup. The optic cup has two layers: an inner and an outer layer. The outer layer is the pigmented layer of the retina, and the inner layer is the neural layer. In week seven, the optic cup begins to form the pupil. The actual lens itself is developed from the surface ectoderm as a lens placode, and by week five detaches itself from the surface ectoderm and is in its position inside the optic cup.
The pars optica retinae is the outermost layer of the inner layer and will contain the rods and cones. Next to the pars optica retinae is the mantle layer which develops into the neurons of the eye (outer nuclear, inner nuclear, and ganglion layers). The axons of these nerves are on the surface and they join together to form the optic nerve (CNII). The most anterior portion of the inner layer has a one cell coating (pars ceca retinae) which will form both the pars iridica retinae (the inner layer of the iris) and the pars ciliaris retinae (becomes the ciliary body). The pars ciliaris retinae continually folds to give it its characteristic appearance and the ciliary muscle will eventually control the lens in response to light and other stimuli. The dilator pupillae and the sphincter of the eye form in the epithelial cells contained within the surface and the optic cup.
There is another inner and outer layer for you to remember now. By week six, the tissue that surrounds the developing eye will transform into an inner and outer layer. The inner layer will become a tissue resembling the pia mater, and the outer layer resembles the dura mater. The pia mater portion differentiates into the choroid, whereas the dura mater portion will become the sclera.
The anterior chamber forms when there is degeneration of the tissue that yet again forms an inner and outer layer. The inner layer is the iridopupillary membrane (which completely degenerates anterior to the lens) and the outer layer is the substantia propria. The cornea is made from the substantia propria, an epithelial layer from the ectoderm, and the epithelium shared with the anterior chamber. The posterior chamber is bordered by the iris and ciliary body. Both anterior and posterior chambers are in open communication with each other through the pupil, and both contain aqueous humor that continually circulates.
Between the retina and the lens, the vitreous body is formed by infiltrating tissue that initially surrounds the optic cup.
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He literally knows like where the confusion arises what a talent!!!
This is just generally an exceptional explanation but the illustrations specifically are incredible - so clear and meticulous and aesthetically pleasing. I can't imagine erasing them!
my embryology exam is literally in 2 days and I was struggling to find a proper eye development resources to study the eye from. You just saved me!! Thank you so much
Just in time 😎👌🏼
Lol, same, in 2 days lets gooo
Same mine is in 2hrs
Mine is in 4hrs
Mine is in 15hrs
I love your video - you're right, you make an extremely complex topic easy to understand and easy to remember with your animation (you being animated and involving yourself in the video, as well as likening yourself to an embryo lol!), and energy - the way you reiterate key points and go back to reminding us what the mesenchyme is for example, stressing those points - it was a 15 minute video that just flew by because it was so enjoyable! Bless you and people like you for helping the world :) thank you!
Thank you so much for these videos they're so helpful .... I'm watching every one of them as i study embryology and i will continue to watch every single one ❤❤
dude literally you're saving me, i was looking at my embryology book and everything was like a foreign langauge. these videos make the material so easy to understand, thanks man!
It literally is in another language. No time to learn latin right
Thank you!!! I'm a student of optics with intentions for optometrics in the future. I have prepared for my presentation about human eyeball embryology from your video :) It was very helpful
Dr Minass, you're exceptional and a blessing. So good to have teachers like you who know from start to finish the entire topic. You've really helped me revise during my ophthalmology rotation, thank you so much! Will always appreciate your effort.
Wow, thank you, best of luck
Thank you for all the effort you put into this video. Please continue making them. You are helping a lot 💓💓💓
Thanks will do!
This is so beatifully explained, embryology isn't scary anymore! Thank you so much for your dedication, keep up with great work!
Thanks Milan!
I was literally pulling my hair trying to figure out which part of the eye originated where THANK YOU!
I legit tried to follow the color coordination of eye development figures.
Thank you so much for the videos it has helped me a lot since we started studying online due to Covid19.. please do videos on other subjects especially neuro anatomy
Amazing!! Now I can watch my lecture without feeling like it’s a different language!
Dr. Minass what a wonderful didactic lecture, simply fantastic and easy to understand. Congratulations once more!
Many thanks!
So I have been kind of really hooked up and now it is so frustrating I can't read an embryology topic without watching one of your videos to get a head start. Thankyou so much ❤️
Thanks Javairia
your way is really easy to understand . you deserve a lot of
appreciation . thank you.
You are most welcome. Thanks so much for watching
thanks Doctor, It's amazing how simply I got high score of understanding.
You hv explained this in such a great n simplified way..... I guess I can never be able to understand this good without ur help...
Your diagrams are way to informative and easy to understand...
Thanks a lot Dr. Minass
It's my pleasure. Thanks!
Fantastic video, really easy to follow and super helpful for my part 1 ophthalmology revision! Thanks!!!
Glad it was helpful!
Really helpful I was struggling to learn embryology. Thank you for all the videos on embryology
Happy to help!
I love how you make them simple. Please keep it up ❤️
Thank you! 😊
You are a great teacher. You made this complex process clear and easy to remember. Thanks
My pleasure
You've helped me conceive embryology properly. Now I read for the extra details which seep in easily now. Thanks
Very welcome
Can't believe i can finally understand it , the diagrams are very clear and your process of thinking and showing every step in details yet it seems very simplified
May god bless you dr minass , ty alot 🙏💖
You are most welcome
Thank you so much sir ! You’re my lifesaver to my upcoming histology and embryology exam, may you also make an ear and skin development video? Thanks for saving many students out here :)!
Sure I will. This week
Thanks for a good summary Doctor!
wow, appreciate you indeed. this is ever simplest video explaining all and every steps . thankyou
You are extremely welcome.
Great explanation and great video, thanks a million
Thank you so much Dr Minas
Thank you so much, sir, although the video had so many points I had to watch it repeatedly.
very vividly explained sir with crystal clear diagrams. thank u!!!
You are welcome
Beautifully explaned thank you for saving my grade🙇🏼
Thankyou Sir for this amazing video, was struggling since so long to understand the basic embryology of eye. Really helped me understand :)
Glad it helped!
Great freaking video, all the other sources were so unclear as to which part of the eye came from where, but here, man, you're my hero. Big thanks!
Glad you enjoyed it! Thanks for watching
@@minass Literally had the exam today and guess what question comes up? Development of eye. Guess who got an A lol
Thank you , amazingly explained video
Great work thanks dr minass
You seams to like so much that you made me like this too. Thanks !
Nicely explained ... It cleared my concepts ⚡
i nearly cried in happiness, thank you so much, your explaination is so easy to understand. you should be famous !
Haha, thank you for watching Nindita
Please upload more!! thank you so much
Thank you very much you made it too easy to understand 💖
Thank you very much it's very helpful
Thank you so much sir for all these awesome videos. I'm inspired by your understanding of these intricate concepts and also by your ability to teach them. God bless you.
Thanks for watching!
Thank you 💕 for great effort 😊
Please dont stop keep upload videos❤
THANK YOU , THAT WAS REALLY HELPFUL
YOU'RE WELCOME!!
Sir you are great as a teacher. You shouldn't have discontinued teaching. Where were you, we were waiting ?
It’s like finding a rare Pokémon
You’re the best out the best!!
So useful, thank you !!! perfect timing for my senses test ;) !
Keep up!
Thanks for watching Pilar!
Hi am Malon from Kenya and you
@@malonkipngenoh2856 hey what's up, im from Portugal !! dope
Thank you so much sir ... Because of you I understand the embryology of eye ...
Glad to hear that!
Hello, thanks a lot for the brief description.
I would like to know about iris epithelium and ciliary process epithelium, are they developed from the inner layer of the optic cup?
This was amazing!!! Saving my grade and helping me actually understand!!
Thanks for watching!
great tutorial video😊
Amazingly clear .. Thank you!
Great to hear!
Really great video ! Do you think it's possible to make a vid about aortic arches to complete your series about pharyngeal development ??
Great idea. Will do soon 👌🏼
That was great..i'm so grateful for you 🙏
I'm grateful that you watched the video and it was helpful. Enjoy
Thank you so much for this wonderful video.🤗🤗
Most welcome 😊
Thats awasome thank you
Great work Dr. Minass
It's my pleasure
Great explanation, thank you!!!
Quite welcome
You are a master ❤
Thank you!
thanxx a lot sir! helped real good :D
Thank you so much DrMinass.
Can you make a video specifically on birth defects. I know it would require at least 2 videos of 15 mins each but still if you could do it it would be great.
Anyways have a great day and may god bless us all.
Sure that’s a good idea 👌🏼
you always save my life in embryo !!! my exam is in 2 days !!! thanks
Another life saved 👌🏼😎
Thank you! Easy to understand and the pictures are just perfect!!
Thx again!
Just awesome 😀
Thank you very much sir
you are amazing!!!
Thank you for this awesome video !
Glad you liked it!
Thank you 🙏🏽
many thanks😊
Thanks this helped😊
Wow you simplified the work for me
Thanks for watching. I try to make everything easy for students!
Thank you, It’s really useful . Besides, can you make a video about the embryology of ears?
Yes, soon
It's very nice..
Thank you sir❤
Thanks, nicely explained.
Glad it was helpful!
Love from Pakistan ❤️ it was really helpful
I watched your video when I was in my Year 2 struggling with embryology. And now you help me again. Thanks a lot Dr. Minass !!!
Its my pleasure Leo. Keep up the good work!
Dr. Minass have got a doubt in this video and in general about embryology here when you switched from the diagram from when the lens placode invaginates and the optic stalk becomes double walled to the diagram where you show the optic stalk I couldn't see the continuation properly. Idk if it just me but in general when the axes change in embryology it confuses the heck out of me. Any ideas on how to make sense of this ?
Any situation by which the lens and cornea gets blood flow again? Perhaps allowing future gene therapies to regenerate them.
Dr. Minass love you sir
🥰
Thank you, made it easier to read KLM.
Soon, you won't need it hehe
Explained better than a PhD at my medical school... Thanks
Thank you so much I love your videos
Thanks Timi 👌
U r the best
Have a great day. you make our days great. so I wish same for you sir
Making your day great was the ultimate goal of this video 👍
For a person who was born with one eye not finally formed, opened preauricular pits and nipples retraction, would it be possible to guess in which week of gestation complications were presented?
omg thank you so much please do one on the ear :)
I will!
This is really amazing pls upload more videos
Fun fact I am not even in medical college yet but it's really amazing 👍🏼👍🏼👍🏼🤟🤟👍🏼
Hi I have been watching your videos and they are amazing, and very helpful.
Can you please please a video of DEVELOPMENT OF EAR.
It would be a great help.
😊 Thanks
Yes, I'll make the embryology of the ear as the next video. Should be made in the coming weeks.
Thanks sir for your help through this video 👍💖
Always welcome
Thank you sir. This helps a lot :)
You are most welcome
Thank you ! very helpful
Glad it was helpful!
May pliz make a video on the development of mesentery
Got 1 subscriber sir,you nailed it.❤️❤️
Thank you sir🥰🥰🥰
Hi Dr Minass. I've heard that about a million nerve cells from each eye grow and connect in a junction which in turn connects to the brain. I've also heard that each nerve cell from one eye must connect to the correct nerve cell from the other eye. In other words the nerve cells from each eye are paired in specific pairs, and not just random connections. Would you be able to explain this more clearly for me?