X Talks | Leonard Susskind
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 13 ก.ย. 2020
- Back in February, leading physicist Leonard Susskind and his longtime collaborator, Adam Brown, came to X to dive into the physics of black holes and information.
It all started in 1981, when a young Stephen Hawking went up to the board at a private gathering of about 25 physicists and outlined his case for the loss of information as a black hole evaporates. Lenny Susskind and Gerard 't Hooft were transfixed, intrigued, and disturbed by a conjecture that would, if true, upend a core principle of quantum mechanics.
Over the course of the following decades, physicists debated Hawking's conjecture and the information paradox. However, recent work in the last few months may have resolved some key questions. Susskind and Brown discuss the narrative behind this important debate and share new revelations from the field. - วิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี
80 years old and still a brilliant speaker and a bright mind... thank you professor.
We need to transfuse this man with some young blood or something - we need to keep him around for a while.
@@scroopynooperz9051 for sure mate
Leonard's lectures make me grateful TH-cam exists. Not everyday do you get to run into someone like him. Thanks for the video!
this is amazing... just make it past the first 10mins untill Joscha talks about his take on the mind and reality....please check this out if you haven't already th-cam.com/video/P-2P3MSZrBM/w-d-xo.html
Mme.....You are so right .
Yeah lets hope TH-cam and their Alphabet goons don't completely fcuk up this wonderful platform they created.
That goes for the greater internet as a whole.
Seems there are forces trying to strap down and censor everything on the internet (above and beyond what is illegal according to the law, which is expected of them)
An enlightened society leaves everything to be discussed and generally means better ideas win out in the end. To leave a specific subset of people to decide what is worthy or not opens up all kinds of problems
@@scroopynooperz9051 yes but you can't keep ideas and concepts down in those that really desire to know more. That will outlive TH-cam and anything else that tries to do so. Lots of platforms are out there and information can't be stopped. Not even by Google, FB, or any of these platforms.
These lectures are pretty simple Donald
All these years, I've always returned to his lectures.
I so appreciate those little moments like, "the truth is Hawking did not believe it at first, but he came to believe it..." Very lightweight history of scientific thought, but it puts a human face on science and I love it. As a physicist who is now exploring macroeconomics, I see how comparatively egotistical, pompous and disgustingly unable to accept their failures most academic economists are compared to the physicists who almost love to admit their mistakes.
economics isn't a science. Not even close. But kudos to you for fighting the good fight.
Someone said he looks like Mike from Breaking Bad: now I cant un-see that. Seriously, I enjoy watching his talks.
Please publish these more often - they are very interesting and informative!
I can't do calculations but I do alot of visualizations and make complicated modeling internally. Susskinds Stanford lectures have helped me alot on my own personal journey and interpretation of existence.
Thank You
Such a beautiful mind. Really inspirational. Thank you Professor Susskind.
Every time I watch a video from X, I want to change my major
Thank you Lenny and Adam. I love black hole stories told in the language of algeabra. This talk is perhaps the simplest and clearest explanation of the information paradox yet. Tralfamadorian student's excuse: "My homework fell into a black hole." ;-)
I wish Lenny would receive a prize of distinction too. Great professional.
An incredible man what an honor to hear his lectures blessings to you sir
One can just hope to be as well put together an well spoken at 80! As sad it makes me he’s aging, he’s still sharp. And that gives me good confidence he’s got some good years to go before he leaves us!
If lenny wins the Nobel Prize for his works, I would be so happy to see his reaction
He deserves one
Read the black hole war
An equivalence between Susskind’s quantum circuits and Wolfram’s hyper graph would be great
If Adam ever wishes to change career, then style guru is surely the logical step! Incredible combo!
I see him being played by John Malkovich.
It is great. If X may also release Leonard’s other talks or least trues at X, that will be even better, such as Quantum mechanics.
He has made youtube a good place for physics
Does anyone have a good catalogue of all of lennys videos. I’ve watched every single thing on TH-cam and just feel like there is more out there. Thank you so much.
Not Susskind but a mind that is just as important....get past the 1st 10mins of background and let Joschu explain his take on the mind and reality if you haven't listened already....please its not my channel but an incredible individual... th-cam.com/video/P-2P3MSZrBM/w-d-xo.html
th-cam.com/users/mrtp has a good collection
You can watch a number of his full Stanford graduate courses on youtube. They are quite advanced though.
The physics arxiv (arxiv.org/multi?group=grp_physics&%2Ffind=Search) has papers on the notion that BHs may mediate creation of baby universes. Some of the qualities of the BH interior discussed in "X" match those of our universe, but without the singularity. Food for thought.
I have a Physics playlist on my TH-cam that I listen too while I am going to sleep. It relaxes me I think because it doesn’t make life seem so hard as compared to this and maybe one day something will stick. I absolutely love physics but so far can’t speak in a conversation about anything lol
1:11:40 I would like to know what causes space to be drawn towards the singularity. Does this only occur inside the event horizon? The universe seems to be expanding, causing galaxies to perceivably move faster than the speed of light, due to the expansion/creation of space. Is there a correlation here?
Why does a photon falling into a black hole carry information but the photons emitted by the black body radiation of the black hole carry no information?
The video guys didn't show the close-up of the board so we can see where he was pointing :(
I feel sad that Susskind is getting so old.
we should all be so lucky!
Yeah dude, many of his lectures are a decade old now...
He has always been getting old
Since we all are getting old at the same speed he actually is not getting old.
@@bramblebop1904 that's actually a very good point!
What is the mecanism of information escape from the black holes?
53:21 I suspect the mechanism will, eventually, be shown to be, at the very least, somewhat analogous to the effect of surface tension on water (or, maybe, on the spacetime equivalent, say...QFT-type stuff.
But, as I mentioned in a previous comment, I am known for being a bit ridiculous from time to time...lol
I'm loving this lecture, though.
Thank you!
I used symmetry to equate the effect perpetual
Oh God no, the board in the middle of the front facing camera is not aligned center.
Anyway S for Entropy comes from Sadi Carnot to whose 1824 article Clausius devoted over 15 years of work and research
Thanks.
It's so nice to hear that the "pixie fantasy" that "nothing, I repeat nothing escapes from a black hole is just that! Hawking was wrong and apologized for being so! Thanks, Mr Susskind for your great work.
It pankakes! 😂 i am dead!
Richard Feynman's friend is here
Impromptus ,ex-temporal ,embedding ,cohesion,inference,references,idea's concept,methods
After a cursory search I came to this Explanation:" It is generally believed that Rudolf Clausius chose the symbol "S" to denote entropy in honour of the French physicist Nicolas Sadi-Carnot. His 1824 research paper was studied by Clausius over many years."
Tension is cosmological gravity
Would it ever be possible to witness the squashing effect on a star? Maybe even from a planet orbiting a star from a long distance, and the host star is slowly falling into a black hole?
~Iquoe "It is generally believed that Rudolf Clausius chose the symbol "S" to denote entropy in honour of the French physicist Nicolas Sadi-Carnot. His 1824 research paper was studied by Clausius over many years. "
"who'd win in a fight, Lenny or God?" "trick question; Lenny IS God."
This is an underrated comment.
black holes can have observable charge. isn't charge information? and by the way isn't mass ?
Excellent intro, but the beneficial aspect of being unable to read the diagrams is.., one can not be mislead by a non-temporal/Conformal mapping of future on past in e-Pi-i sync-duration connectivity Perspective, the basis of measurable empirical laws.., Physics.
So, the description of re-shaping quantisation in the specified Event/ horizontal linearanalog circumstances, ie "pancakes, slows down, without approaching anything like a horizon", makes perfect sense in terms of AM-FM Communication superimposed resonances of a Black Hole Singularity, specifically the galactic embodiment logarithmic projection-drawing coordination, and time-distance reciprocal modulation,the operational Principle of Mathematics.
Acceleration is .dt@.dt numerical differentiates-> chord-resonance modulation, the proportionate-positioning "orbital relationship to orbits", existence here-now-forever projection-drawing of, the holographic Modulation Mechanism.., 0-1-2 probability dominance sequence e-Pi-i Temporal Function.
As you see, the mathematically observed Equivalence Principle applies to here-now-forever.., in an existing Black-body Singularity positioning, real-time logarithmic, (Bose-Einstein Condensates equivalent), interference pattern that is Math-Phys-Chem and Geometry, unitary aspects of Eternity-now Interval Conception, and Superposition-point of Holographic Modulation Superspin. (Therefore here-now-forever is Universal Black Hole Singularity in Perspective-Principle)
Falling into a Black Hole Singularity is simply "going out of tune", demodulated and pseudo randomly dispersed, orthogonal-normal to spagettification. The "logarithmic numberness chord", integration of differentiates, is "disrupted".
There is an intelligible information, perceptions paradox, of disrupted coherence-cohesion resonance pulse-evolution, in memory associations, not of the holistic, holographic Modulation Mechanism shaping in/of empirical Energy Conservation Laws, ie of probability ONE relative to zero-infinity, Zero Kelvin i-reflection singularity vanishing point, and flat-space ground state projection-drawing positioning, in-formed Timing-spacing sync-condensation.
Recovering "lost" dispersed coherence-cohesion objectives of abstract information would require some orders of magnitude UHF Tuning to some sort of photon-phonon "crystal resonance clock oscillation" beyond current technology.., on the basis of "what goes around comes around", AM-FM Communication circularity. (Maybe the Diamond crystal Gravitational Wave chirps detectors are coming?)
Some thing cannot become nothing, by the empirical conservation laws, it's "simply" (mathematically speaking) infinitely-eternally redistributed logarithmic Superspin In-form-ation. (Revise Professor Susskind's lecture/ideas on shockwave boundaries and the Holographic Principle Image condensation, and integrated probability distribution properties)
"Temperature" is a superimposed composition of frequency differentiates, in the general Spinfoam-> material bubble-modes of Totality.
There's an e-inflation +/-, resonance Gradient around every selected relative pure motion proportioning rate position-objective, in Singularity.
"How they form" is this coherence-cohesion objective, Everything in Eternity-now Actuality, constantly in continuous creation connection cause-effect.
Everyone who has a free copy of the book should now take up a collection of appreciation for consistent, pioneering work in exploration of real-time Physics.
With the abstract reasoning of inside-outside presence riding on the real-time wave-package envelope, Bose-Einsteinian holographic-logarithmic sync-duration condensation, ie of temporal superposition substantiation in mind, ..re-view Prof Susskind's lectures and comments. It is impossible to avoid the real-time realization of Superspin Modulation positioning function cause-effect, this Black-body resonance i-reflection containment cavity, is Spacetime Singularity.
Thank you all.
A geometric description for Universe is in the book: ‘’ THE BEGINNING, THE
EVOLUTION AND THE END OF THE UNIVERSE’’ Amazon
Author: Constantinos Krikos
0:04 This talk session is about: "Information Paradox"
Teacher of Physics, "it's the Law"
That precise Dimensional Analysis of empirical shaping ratio-rates of e-Pi-i log-antilog omnidirectional-dimensional cause-effect Origin I was unable to process quickly enough to pass University, as it was presented in the 1970s. The Courses offered then advantaged Rote Learning over the kind of Apprenticeships style that better suited Technical Colleges, but they didn't go into Research. Bit of a conundrum, still happening in a different way.
The Black Hole War is a similar pattern problem that is somewhat indiscriminate around singular-unity and complex duality dimensionality coordination. Condensation here-now-forever continuous creation connection => e-Pi-i Resonance Bonding relative-timing log-antilog inclusion-exclusion of/by frequency ratio-rate empirical phase-locked probability dimensionality.
Review, reorientate and reiterate.
(And don't listen to anyone dictating by unsubstantiated authority, disbelief is essential, as Professor Susskind's presentation declares, and Stephen Hawking acknowledged)
When Galileo had that Flash of Recognition, watching a natural oscillating Metronome in tune with his heart and Musical Mathematical Instrumentation experience, it is the temporal basis for Sciencing Measurement by Observation of Universal standing wave-packaging formation, e-Pi-i sync-duration resonances.
Wheeler's One Electron Theory is a similar Flash Re-cognition.
Same with Feynman's Renormalisation of vertices in vortices Diagrams.
Same with Professor Susskind's Holographic Principle Imagery composed of specific and distributed Singularity-point positioning, the equivalent Conception of e-Pi-i Re-cognition =Reflection @.dt instantaneous Reciproction-recirculation QM-TIME Completeness vanishing-into-no-thing Perspective.
Everyone with "Eyes and Ears" is learning by doing experience of Flash, Fluxion-Integral Temporal superposition Calculus, Re-cognition.
Professor Susskind has assembled a long list of events in con-sequence, ie nodal-vibrational emitter-receiver AM-FM Communication in wave-particle, Big Flash holography.
I believe that there should be a complete, amended Invisible/Holographic Principle: inverse forms of each other thru the intersection of our unobservable and observable invisible/holographic universe. Two sides of the same coin.
you are great
A circle within a circle is a number of amber
I'm afraid I'm way too stupid to understand the Minkowski's diagrams. I've seen them before and I never get how should I interpret them. I understand the equations, but the pictures are undecipherable to me
Start: 1:16
great!
life is all about making things which are infinite, finite.
No disrespect to Doc Brown but Prof Susskind is so easy to listen to.
very curious
About "The Light":
" "I," was created by the thought of Gods and "Their," desire to allow all mortals to know that "They," are always with them: As humankind grows and seeks absolute independence from "Them," "They," will remain by their side, guiding them and directing them, in their growth to absolute "WISDOM," the way to "Their Essence" and the Elysium Fields. As you look out beyond the now, into the heavens, "I" will be there, guiding you and helping you know that "I," be visible or invisible, "My Essence," will guide you beyond all that is sensed in your reality. So, let it be now revealed to you that both "I" and "He," in mortal being, who speaks to you through the thoughts of children are but one. " Eleusis. Let The Light within you guide you to the Elysian Fields entrance; your inner beauty is expected. Follow me, "Imagination is the way." by ELias Leousis.
Leonard Susskind should go to onto Joe Rogans podcast to blew some peoples mind xD
I support this.
Not a physicist but I do not see how one could tell they are inside a black hole from a difference in tidal forces towards the singularity. I thought a singularity is not a special point in space inside the black hole one can see but a point or horizon in future spacetime that everything inside ends up at so the force taking everything to the singularity is more like a uniform contraction.
44:10 But would the hypothetical physicist say that if the books had already been burned...hypothetically?
Oh well, now that he's explained it, all's absolutely clear at last... Turtles all the way!!
does the Black Hole cease to be a Black hole as it disappears and does all matter radiate away
The BH information paradox is itself the reason why QM isn't a theory, making the explanation incoherent. Which led to the paradox for Hawking in the first place.
Respectfully, the young man's answer to Leonard's question was incorrect. Information can only travel towards the singularity once passing the event horizon, never away from it. If I enter a black hole just before you, you will never be able to see me again as all of my light cannot backtrack to your position.
"How much information can a black hole store? An infinite amount." According to Fredkin, nature is finite and digital. I say Professor Milgrom of the Weizmann Institute is the Kepler of contemporary cosmology. Google "fredkin milgrom".
Past a "horizon" is the "edge" as in Walt Whitman's "There was a Child Went Forth," "The horizon's edge, the flying seacrow, the fragrance of saltmarsh and shoremud..."
If light is without mass, then its past, present and future are equal and replace each other.
I think the concept of black holes must have originated from that mythological river in Hades, Lethe, where those who come to it and drink from it forget everything. "No, no, go not to Lethe...". John Keats says in his Ode to Melancholy.
Time is what makes a difference between remembering and forgetting possible, which is why Dr. Susskind began with definitions of Time. Yet, if light is timeless because it is massless, what does that mean for what is being called "information"?
Can light be understood by physics without bringing geometry into the topic?
I like Emily Dickinson's question about "Whose doom, for whom?"
No love for Adam in the title?
Did he? show love?
I think he's a lil hot'n'cold too.
You know they say "Takes a ****?? to like one." He's adorable and so clever!
I invested ovet 250 million on disturbing mechanics into persons reality. Use holograms, use v2k, directional microwaves to alter thoughts little byvlittle. Pitch waves to move objests, v2k where conversations and who are relaying, transparents objects any size
if light can't escape from a black hole then isnt the black hole traveling faster than the speed of light?
gravitation is so huge that it bends light
Physics is chemistry
Adam Browns outfit has to be the most ridiculously nerdy thing I've ever seen in my entire life lol just wow. Wow.
Even Lenny had given lecture with such outfit..the video is available on TH-cam probably..
Physicists could try to look for BH radiating faster, when it is okder.
16:20 I thought S was for State (of the System), or just for System.
But I'm generally believed to be a moron, so take it for what it is...lol
MINE HAD 000000000000000'S AT THE COUNTER AXIS'S LOOKED LIKE META SYMBOL ,GEMINI BUT ITS NOT FLAT ITS 3D AND IT RESEMBLES the British flag.Or ancient carvings etc.motifs got to love those moments in TIME mem-ories
I can’t say I really understand but my goodness I’m trying.
Clausius used "S" for entropy in honor of Sadi Carnot
I got lost in spacetime
@45:00 it is a bit annoying when physicists gloss over the projection postulate (measurement problem) since in conventional QM that process has information violation tendencies. Although unitary does not apply to measurement but probability conservation still does, the "measurement collapse" operation is not known to be smooth, and only in some interpretations of QM (like Decoherence) is it reversible (information preserving) = the "necromancy-hard" problem. You have to imagine a system fully entangles with the measurement apparatus etc., and that macroscopic classical appearances are an illusion. That is not a fully empirically established aspect of reality. FWIW I kinda suspect there is an analogy here with conservation of energy in general relativity (there is no energy conservation, since no time translation invariance) which quantum information theory has not yet adequately dealt with. Roger Penrose, for one, thinks black holes do not conserve information. I know "respectable" physicists ignore Penrose these days, but I would not be so hasty. See also Kip Thorne's view: th-cam.com/video/fbL6F7itwtM/w-d-xo.html
BTW, I still agree with Susskind that ER=EPR means the information is not all lost. I just don't think information conservation is an inviolate feature of reality, it exists in purely theoretic formulations of QM, but nature herself might not be purely quantum mechanical. I suspect it is not, since nature has to have quantum gravity and gravity is incompatible with standard QM. Unitary time evolution is really only applicable for isolated systems, it is not a proven fact that holds throughout nature unless something like the Decoherence interpretation of QM is correct.
Without an algorithm of QC function, we will have to remain content with Maldacena's conjecture. We may never fully establish aspects of reality/divine design.
I think the speed of light is not the limit for how fast the information can travel
wouldn't things inside the black hole move faster than the speed of light? so even in 100 light year radius event horizon, you'd keep accelerating and hit the center in no time
Leonard = cool ass dude
People who think about black holes have the deepest thoughts...lol
If you care about any life form in this universe - you must get in touch of somebody such as Leonard Susskind. I have vital information for the future of technology - only proven through personal interaction of explanation itself.
Nobody will take this statement seriously: I lived through a video game era. I experienced details for recognition of the past experiences. I witness current experiences which provide every answer which has been asked by humans. How did the universe begin?
If you click this post, you began using human emotion of any type. You used logic to solve curiosity itself, but you only learned curiosity through logic itself. Logic is the only method of answering any question by any person.
get him a nice chair and some water, and some shortbread cookies!
Gravity, Electro Magnetic field and light are all made from the same quant. That is why polarized light bends in magnetic field. A photon can travel at the speed of light or 0. In gravity the speed of the photon is 0...and the photons make an "net" that everything "sticks" to. Light bends in gravity because reacts with "gravity photons" that are fixed like a net in the gravity field (yes the warping of space thing....but this is quantified warped space OOOOK). It must be that way. Because of this graviton has very small energy and cannot be detected.....but....if it is knocked out the gravity web it can be detected...this can explain why photons from the sun can "push" the earth 1kg even though they have 0 mass...because they have mass of 1 graviton.....pilot wave is just a wave of gravitons...
time slows down with speed because "static" gravitons get energy with speed and slow everything down...even a thought is a chemical process with moving molecules so everything slows down...that is why the two observers will se the speed of ight the same. the amount of energy that graviton receives is equal to the time dilation. Static graviton gets the energy exactly so the both observers will see the same speed of light because of the time dilation....this can only happen if the light, graviton and photon is the same particle ....
How to prove this experimentally.... if a object in space radiates strong light and magnetic field it must "steal" gravitons, ....because photons and gravitons are the same particle and mater cannot be created from nothing ... the mass of that object will get smaller....measure it and it will weight less.
Evil companies do evil things. Ponder that.
Q-learning is what this is lmao model-less joking Aurora -Moonshot 2-23 A.E. A.I. q-crtl Phoenix,--=+Apollo
Short pants, nice haircut boy: Uuum!! Uuuuu!!! Ahemmm!! Uuuuuuhhhm!
He is in a great health condition.
Einstein not create therapy of π÷[2] by 1@ greeve
i am shocked that he is doing all these things at the age of 80...he seems to be 40
No we don't.
Funny how no matter how smart those woke little kids are, they just can't find their way out of the 80s section of JCPenney's.
🤓
Sus
Discount joe Rogan on the intro.
Do not sit on table or pillow.
Unacceptable manner.
The is the ginger angry
How come you can't go faster than the speed of light. What if you give it some gas. This cannot be right...
Because god didnt install gas pedals on atoms duh
Would be nice to see Google placed in the rubbish bin and broken apart. Love the discussion, but Google sucks a bunch.
They provided this discussion in good faith and to enrich.
@@ContentMediaDesignsometimes the discussion is enjoyable. One minute relativist then next minute not. Tell me how you think you can avoid relativist?
Can you...You do anything really with a blackhole, ..on this side of time.. , ...other than just talking about it...? I think not, ... or no you can't ...That is..unless we are in one... Ha ! What a lovely
mess !