Thank you for watching and for being here! If you want to support the channel, you can become a TH-cam Member at th-cam.com/channels/scI4NOggNSN-Si5QgErNCw.htmljoin or I’m on Patreon at www.patreon.com/ancientarchitects
theres so many brien forester and "ancient lost tech fairy tale power generators" believers, these ignorants claim such absurd things and have no evidence nor arguments to back their words
Hello Matt, I cordially invite you to watch this video and ask your opinion on this another possibility on the original purpose of the Great Pyramid, Thank you..
there are many signs that the pyramid was filled with water, thats why everything inside is build with waterproof granit and the air shafts are also out of granit and are used off by water at the edges...
Always a pleasure to see this topic covered! If I reach 100k subs I will do my best to explain the portcullis functionality, and Egypt's Old Kingdom history may never be the same.
@@AncientArchitects rough and coarse compared to the king's chamber? It would still need to be precise enough for the stones to move past each other without a large clearance.
The wooden rollers are the smoking gun here. It shows that the Great Pyramid did incorporate functional machinery and must have had some practical use.
Nice to see the nubs mentioned.. the portculis nub has been documented many times on my own and Andrew's channel also very reminiscent of the nubs found in peru.. the Athens acropolis.. ect.. the menkurae pyramid has many of them aswell infact so does the osirion and multiple other sites aswell.. Adrian is an excellent researcher pleasure to have him on the team. Thanks for the nub mention here maybe nubs of egypt next matt ? All the best Phil aav
What is so special about the nubs left over from where they got snapped off during the quarrying process? Biggest mystery there is why didn't they finish polishing the nub off.
"clearly made to allow ropes to pass"... regurgitating this loose theory delivered with an air of certainty. Keep the illusion of our comprehension of the Great Pyramid alive. Love your work.
Yeah, everyone knows that the pyramids were made by the Atlantean's as a power plant to harness the worlds joojoo power so they can fight of the aliens.
Highly doubt they would have used ropes to lower the blocks, having 3 saddles on just one side of the room proves that. There are also marks on the walls that show other pieces/blocks were placed above on top of the portcullises after lowering. You also wouldn't use single 40 ton block just for some rope groves. As per usual there is much more going on than first thought
A portcullis is for both raising and lowering.It’s is a highly complicated mechanism.Do you really think they would have gone to all this enormous trouble if the end objective was simply to block the tomb for all time.Of course not! A series of passage granite blocks would have been far better,quicker and cheaper. So ( for whatever reason) they ( priests?) clearly wanted to have the option to return.Perhaps ( they hoped) that only they knew how the portcullis system could be made to work.
Good point. If they wanted it sealed for all of time they could of plugged the Kings chamber all the way to the outer walls of the pyramid one block at a time
Do you see a highly complicated mechanism for raising and lowering a portcullis here? All i saw was a primitive form of portcullis that would not be easy to raise back up again. You are building what will be the worlds biggest building for 4,000 yrs using primitive tools and without even the benefit of the wheel and you think they are going to be bothered by the minor problem of a close it an forget it portcullis? The grand gallery and the passage that leads to the grand gallery are on a step incline how are you going to get your granite passage blocks to stay in place, block the entire passage and be quicker and cheaper and actually do a better job?
@pyropulse Am i to assume that you are correct than? Without something to back it up your statement is just empty words. I don't know you or anything about you and without supplying any proof that my belief is a mistake, your assertion that it is was a waste of your time. Sorry but your opinion has no value to me. I hope that if you choose to reply again you bring more than an empty void.
Obviously it wasn't a tomb from the time of the pharaohs, so the question is, what we're they guarding in there if it was a portcullis? And if it was a tomb, this could've been someone from easily 10000+ years ago
its not a tomb from any age its clearly a functional design that took multi generations to build unless we concede to a lost technology enabling them to construct it in one generation less
A technically high advanced civilization existed on our planet between 25,000 and 20,000 years ago. They vanished because of a recurring natural disaster. The Mahabharata tells us that our planet knows seven world eras that are separated by a natural disaster. The only possible cause for a recurring calamity can be another celestial body in our solar system that orbits our sun in an eccentric orbit. When it is close to our sun and its planets, it crosses the ecliptic plane from the other planets with a very high speed. Because of that, our earth suffers from a huge tidal wave, flooding and many more extreme natural phenomena. The last high educated and skilled civilization knew that a disaster was ahead. That disaster occurred 20,000 years ago and four times more since then. That cataclysm is know all over the world with many names: Typhon, Nibiru, Shiva, Quetzalcoatl, Phaeton are a few of them. That celestial body is now mentioned Planet 9.
@@1945CCCP You will find abundant and convincing evidence in text and many depictions in the e-book: "Planet 9 = Nibiru". You can read it on every computer, tablet or smartphone. Search: invisible nibiru 9
Amazing stuff! Thank you Matt! I remember years ago watching a YT video of a guy making a wooden model of the porticullis...including how the Egyptians would have thought about it, including the two different sides where the wooden beams went...one side rounded, the other flat...but of course, cannot find it now...
Yeah I'd love to see that also. I highly doubt they trust a beam to hold that stone with that tiny boss. Especially considering they likely just used chocks and wedges under it instead. Very interesting stuff tho for sure
The complexity of the antechamber and poor quality of ‘security’ it achieves would be a reason to consider a different purpose of this part of the pyramid?
Excellent explanation of the ceiling damage to the entrance corridor into the chamber. Having explored it myself, it was a great curiosity, not to mention how confining and small and tunnel-like the corridor was, so you had to crouch to use it, then opening up into the huge King’s chamber. Which all seemed very odd to me.
History for Granite has pondered these small entrance corridors into chambers were to ensure visitors would be kneeling upon first viewing the king an act of respect in ancient times. I’ve no clue if that’s the official explanation but it’s definitely thought provoking
Upon observing the detailed images of the Antechamber throughout the first part of this video and, seeing all of this for the first time, it reminds me of the internal structure that creates all the "notes" of a musical instrument? If there was a way to "blow" air or produce some sort of "sound", "tone" or "vibrations", directly through the entire Antechamber, while (somehow?) "sliding" the, 8 (X 4) granite leafs', apart, back together, up and down, in a series of different combinations (different positions) to create all the "notes", from the Antechamber of this "hypothetical instrument", resulting in a harmonic sequence of "tones" or vibrations that... ???? It's REALLY difficult for me to explain what I can see and hear in my mind. It also depends of the granite leafs'. Being that the builders didn't "fck around" when it came to precision so, why are there 2 granite leafs' per, 4 of the sections, as opposed 1 solid piece of granite leaf, per 4 of the sections? Overall, my mind is open to all theories about the "true" purpose of the pyramids. As a result, my head is spinning 🤯. It would be great to see a copy of, ALL the original blueprints of the pyramids and everything in Giza related or part of them.
Christopher Dunn explains this with great detail in his book, that it could have been worked as a "filter" in order to produce different vibrations to the kings chamber, a very interesting theory.
@@ermetetrismegisto4087 OH YES! No matter what purpose the pyramids were "actually" built for, water definitely played a huge role in their original function.
Precious video. Thanks. The rollers prove the builders knew the wheel. The antechamber proves there was a need to access the king's chamber many times not just one for a burial reason. The size of antechamber proves it was build for something not for someone. The granite proves it is the original part. Maybe just maybe the blocks of th antechamber were just hanging... (grooves on one side)... for resonance reason.
Could the boss served a similar function when used elsewhere? Eg. many Inca walls have these, where the stones are made to fit into each other like gloves. Could they have been used to keep the stone raised above other stones while they were adjusting / chiseling the bottom edge of them, to snugly fit in with the stones below?
Continuing to theorize within the premise of this structure having ever been a burial site is ridiculous. There never was a sarcophagi or the need to prevent the thievery of grave-robbers, as the cutting and carving of granite during the lifetime of Khufu was simply not possible... prove me wrong.
i feel like this just isn't correct. i think your analysis is great, but i just don't believe its a security door for a grave. i think you described the anatomy well, and likely how the pieces moved and worked but their ultimate function i think was not to protect a dead body
But there was nothing in the king’s chamber because it was never for a human. For if it was there would be hieroglyphs everywhere, which there’s absolutely NOT!
The "poor craft" described by Petrie of the floor masonry, is also indicative of "greater damage," not necessarily poor craft. I find the most interesting condition of the "ante-chamber" is the V wearing on the southern wall, nearly identical to the V wearing on the Great Step, each suggesting "mechanical movement" and sustained and repeated contact of some material to those surfaces. Also interesting, is the cement repair to the Great Step AND the southern wall (unjustified). Absence of portcullis systems for the subterranean chamber and the "queen's chamber" seems entirely inconsistent with inclusion of such a system in the ante-chamber.
Hamilton's work is outstanding....he has researched a lot of the OK pyramids and mastabas....if certain people running the show in Egypt were as thorough as KH, Egyptology would be in a far better state.
Enjoyed the video Matt. So much to see. Hope you can make a trip soon. Would love to see your expression when you first set eyes upon them.👌🏽😃❤ Also, great comments today.
I like the direction your videos have taken. Really like the proof of how old our history is. I did originally like the alternative pyramid stuff but like the facts more
overspeculation is gross to me I prefer good logic science and facts but to me the facts laid out in this video support an alternate hypothesis than the official tomb or monument theory
What kind of rope 🤔 would of had the strength to lift the blocks????The weight is to much. You would have to have Braided steel or a rope with a steel or copper core.
@@AncientArchitects If the ante-chamber is from poorer quality. It's from a different time. Younger, probably. That would have interesting implications. Is there any reasonable overview about the places and results of radio-carbon dating in and around the Great Pyramid? Hallo Zahi?
This is a sterling comment. It's not proof they lacked concrete or a geopolymer, but it strongly suggests that they didn't have it when this system was designed.
If the system is there only to prevent people from entering the King's chamber, it is a pretty weak system and seems quite extravagantly designed. And also, why 3 granite blocks? Why not 2, or 4, or just 1 big one that completely covers the entrance? Or just close it up with one big block, and put a few guys outside to guard it...
Agreed. Way over-engineered for a supposedly permanent one-time closure. If that was the purpose, why not just block the entrance to the King’s Chamber with the hypothetical “blocking stone”? Makes no sense to build all of this. If this was indeed a pulley system, it was designed for ongoing opening and closing.
Whenever we hear about forced entry by robbers etc. there always seems to be an implication that there was prior knowledge of what lay beyond. If, as you say, there was a possibility of breakers going over the top of the portcullis they must have had a good idea of their potential route.
It's a fairly reasonable inference that a heavy stone at the end of a passage would be to protect what is behind, and that robbers would start exploring for a way around. If the portcullis housing was left open that would be a very obvious bypass.
Perhaps. Perhaps it is merely a lift point on the block akin to today where you see "lift here" points on a large crate or similar object. The inner blocks needed to be smooth all around to facilitate sliding down in the grooves. So "handles" on the block to move it during transportation and placement might have been hammered smooth upon placement - whereas on the last outward facing block it did not matter as it abutted against nothing.
The rope groves seem to go all the way up flush with the ceiling stone. If the groves were just to make space for the ropes to go around the logs then the would have stopped cutting the groves near the logs. Maybe this chamber was first used to bring the granite up above the kings chamber for the the relieving chambers. Then once that was complete they repurposed the room as a security device.
The picture of the portcullis blocks reminds me of the old schematics of Titanic of the unfinished walls to block water from sinking the ship. It also reminds me of the inner workings of a door lock. Hmm.
Great video. If I got the description of the mechanism from video right, then it raises few questions. My assumption is: The mechanism seems reversible - it is more complex than necessary to be a use-once mechanism, compared to other features of the pyramid 1. Why to seal something using a reversible mechanism? Why not just to block it with a stone that can not be removed afterwards? If the mechanism is reversible, it represents mechanical door and allows re-entry as needed. Why one would need to re-enter? 2. Related to the first one: if the mechanism is reversible and its purpose is to close and protect a chamber, why the protection is at such a high level? Why three stones instead of just one? For a casual looter even the one stone would be a hustle. If someone (a group of people) can open one stone, they can very likely open all three stones. 3. Highly speculative question (not hinting to anything, just an option to consider): was the mechanism protecting the inside from the outside or is there any possibility that it was protecting the outside from something inside - be it mechanical, chemical (stored substance leakage) or biological (pathogens leakage)? Final note: The cover stone is needed in at least two cases: 1. if we assume that the whole mechanism is to protect the King's Chamber from looters (that can cut stone) or 2. to protect the mechanism itself (its reusability) from damage. The above questions might not be relevant if the mechanism served other purposes than a mechanical protective door and the mechanism was not reversible.
I agree with you. Its to easy to just listen to what we were told that this is just a giant tomb. Its not and the people that built this were smarter than that.
the diferences between this and the valley of the kings is huge. first being the writting on the valley walls where the pyramids have blank walls. and the valley had less security than this does. only reasons you have this type of security is if it is used for something that needed protection from the masses or to protect the masses from it.
I think it’s a fantastic explanation of the portcullis antechamber hypothesis but with so many speculative “missing pieces” involved I think it has more holes than the tomb robbers actually dug. The plugs at the pyramid entrance are still there and were dug around to gain access but the multiple antechamber plugs are completely gone, not bypassed, flat out all gone. Just because they were carving huge granite blocks using only rocks and soft copper chisels doesn’t mean they were stupid, quite the contrary I suspect.
If the pyramid water pump theory is true then this is simply an adjustable valve, you can raise and lower the stones to get the amount of flow u needed ,
a masterwork of craftmanship and architecture. by now totally damaged and chiseled over by tourists and "explorers"... kinda quite a shame. thanks for sharing this fascinating and educating footage.
@@AncientArchitects so many peoples believe that khufu's sarcophagus looks so odd because it was left unfinished or because of tomb robbers. but no, it had been respectless and greedy tourists. I remember lots of other monuments and tombs that suffered a similar fate.
@@phoneguy4637 In the 19th century you could hire an ice pick from the tea shop at Stonehenge to chip off a piece of the standing stones to take home as a souvenir. Like getting a fragment of a saint's bone from a cathedral to treasure as a holy relic.
If only all the searching and digging was for the purpose of Discovering and Using the pyramids for their Original Purpose....wouldn't that be wonderful. Of course, ego and greed would need to be taken out of the equation...🥲
Good video. But I have a questions you didn't answer. Why the effort of building this security Antechamber while other people/historiana argue that the Great Pyramid was never a tomb. Hence the lack of hieroglyphs e.g.. So there was nothing to steal/protect in the first place?
The problem with the "lack of hieroglyphs" is that we know that the Queen's Chamber, at least, was covered with graffiti from centuries of visitors, plus soot from centuries of candles and oil lamps. All of that has been scrubbed off, possibly several times. It's not like the Valley of the Kings, where the tombs lay hidden until modern times.
The semi circular pockets only on one side disprove the roller hypothesis. If you looped a rope over anywhere past halfway to the flat shelf side, the weight of the block would cause the roller end to skid forward along the shelf. The pocket on the other side would make the roller pivot in an arc and thus risk falling off the shelf. There probably never was a stone door system at all
Really appreciate your videos mate, I end up being too entangled with the ancient lost civilisation stuff which is as much of a dogma as mainstream sometimes.
@@ollyjackson8733 exactly id say the same evidence supports multiple possiblele hypothesis assuming the Egyptians had the same thoughts ideas needs as 17th to 19th century europeans is ludacrous
Was this a one time use, or was it possible to take it up and down ? The reason i ask is what is the `tomb` was a frequency generator. And those granite blocks where there just to block any outflow of the chamber ? Great vid btw !
that's what I was thinking its there to functionally separate two things in a machine like function perhaps water if it was a pump or energy as you started or possibly two different chemicals or solutions from interacting similarly how rockets have partitions between hydrogen and oxygen for fuel or the same chemicals for rain?cloud generators r maybe the function of the pyramid was electrolysis separating hydrogen and oxygen out of waterr
I dont't think there were rollers in the circular cavities. If you want to use rollers, you would place them in a way that the rope would be fixed somewhere near the center of gravity, so in the center of the stones, not at one side. Since the cavities are more or less centered to the portcullis stones they will most likely have had a different task. My speculation ist that they were used as a kind of blocking mechanism, holding the portcullis stones in place, beeing knocked away somehow to irreversibly lower the portcullis.
The Portcullis Antechamber is a very important piece of evidence that disproves the theory that the King's Chamber was the resting place of a dead king. The ancient Agyptians were excellent architects and engineers. The entrance on the north side was permanently closed after use, without the need for a portcullis. We can therefore assume that the architects knew very well how to seal entrances forever. Whether the portcullis was used to open and close the entrance to the king's chamber is debatable. The fact is that the way into the King's Chamber was sealed when Al Ma'mun's people first reached it. They literally had to break open the chamber and destroy the granite closure stone. Secondly, we still do not know exactly how and from where the portcullis was operated. Who or what raised and lowered the stones and from where. Conclusion: Since it was not used to seal the King's Chamber, what was it used for and how was it operated? If we can answer this questions, we will be one step closer to understanding the purpose of the work.
Matt, you have often raised the theory that the coffin/valuables were not up in the Kings chamber at all, however how can you explain the lengths the builders went to in order to protect the central areas?
I haven’t made any travel plans at all this year. I didn’t do anything, mainly cos of all the covid restrictions and also childcare arrangements at home. But I’ll hope to get there asap!
Good video, good guess, opens more questions than it answers though. And still rests on the assumption the chamber was originally constructed to be a tomb. I like your work on this, but respectly don't agree with it completely on the basis of the underlying unproven assumptions about the original purpose of the structure.
How do pyramid researchers account for there only being u-shapes for rollers on one side? And even then it appears that only one can actually be seen today? Isn’t that a pretty major obstacle to a portcullis theory?
Amazing amazing video. The cover stone would’ve been propped up by wood posts in all 4 corners. The ropes would have knots on outer leaf side. The boss pushed up, the slabs fall, someone climbs up on the more damaged side of the leaf stone, to go inside to remove all rope and wood rollers, and then all 4 wood posts removed on the cover stone to set in place.
Amazing drawing of various cracks and fissures in both Antechamber and King's chamber: 11:06 from what I saw and read so far, I had no idea of how much are the individual stones positions warped against the adjacent ones. A jaw dropping stuff this drawing indeed!
My opinion will probably be unpopular but I don't think there was any treasure whatsoever in this pyramid. The thinking that the portcullis existed to keep plunderers out is false- of course the plunderers themselves didn't know this. I believe the portcullis existed to keep pressure in. These "sarcophagi" weren't coffins, they were boxes to keep pressure in. Massive pressure was needed in the king's chamber for some reason and the way to do it was with the portcullis. If you think about it this way then the damage above the first dropped granite portcullis block makes sense. The pattern you see of missing stone above it is because this would be the weakest location pressure-wise. It was blown away from the inside.
Perhaps the long slopped grand gallery with its floor notches was used for a counterweight system to pull on the ropes to open and close the portcullises? Perhaps with a kind of sled that weight could be added to. I don’t see man power alone pulling on ropes being enough to lift those blocks
It makes sense what you say abouth grand gallery and counterweight.jean-pierre Houdin talks abouth gallery as sysstem for counterweights for bringing bigest granite blocks up.and portculises seem to be designed to open and close as they needed.
10:52 yes. I also believe by heart that the plundering of khufu's chambers was an insider job. a lot of chamber architects sure did know about the porticulli's structure and weakpoints. the same sure happened to the other pyramids, such as those of king huni and king snefru.
If they knew the riches that would go inside that chamber, it might well be worth the risk, especially because the successor, Djedefre, didn’t quite follow in his father’s footsteps and started to make major state changes.
@@AncientArchitects I know, right? I bet me butt, that these abrupt and intriguing changes were no coincidence. unfortunately, they were of not much help, as so many later plundered pyramids would proof...
The pyramids were probably plundered during the First Intermediate Period, when the state essentially collapsed, and the priests and guards of the pyramid complex probably became unemployed. The priests looking after the burial complex may have had blueprints of the pyramid interiors. Just as the priesthood robbed the Valley Of The Kings later, I think you're probably right that some of them were involved in robbing the pyramids.
The portcullis antechamber is an great evidence that the this pyramid was not a tumb, and yes a chamber that was accessed frequently by priests from time to time, if it was a just a tumb no reason to create a complex open and seal mechanism. If it was just a tomb that was meant to not be acessed anymore, it was better to seal with a full block of granite.
Why then build the chamber from granite?? After all most of the pyramid is limestone which is much easier to work with. Also please explain then: 1 - the pyramid is located in a necropolis. 2 - it is sited on the west bank of the Nile = "land of the dead" in Egyptian religion. 3 - it mimics other structures clearly identifiable as tombs. 4 - these structures all contain sarcophagi. 5 - historical references all describe them as tombs. I could of course go on - but this should suffice. p.s. - the description of a "portcullis" is a bit of a misnomer. Yes it reflects blocks raised/lowered rather than opening ala a normal doorway to the side. Yet its lack of a control mechanism indicates it was never intended to be opened again = merely closed. Once the blocks were dropped into place they were never intended to be raised again. Given the small access openings to the chamber and the burial vault beyond it was not practical to place blocks in there after the fact as the space was too small = ergo a mechanism to suspend them until the burial chamber needed to be sealed.
@@varyolla435 Valid points you bring but... I can only and speculate and maybe use some flawed logic to some people! but where it goes.. To your first argument we can argue against... What Era are these historical references from? When was those Necropolis built? What mimics these structures? Do pyramids mimic these structures or do these structures mimic the Pyramids? Could the next generations worship the great pyramids and wish do build their burial ground next to those might monuments? Speculating again, there could be some complex mechanism with ropes that only the hierophants would know how to use to lift the 3 blocks and thus only they would use the hall for their ceremonies.
@@bmmoreira77 argumentum ad ignorantiam. First is there is absolutely zero credible evidence whatsoever to support a supposed predynastic civilization. Not even a pottery shard exists. Next as I noted everything about them dovetails into ancient Egyptian religious belief. The preservation and protection of the body + the need for burial items believed needed in the afterlife + the location concurrent with other tombs = all concur with Egyptian beliefs. As to historical examples the easiest is Herodotus who wrote of the Great Pyramid. Before you claim he was Greek or lived after the fact = he got his information from the Egyptians themselves. He even related the amount of silver Khufu spent to feed his workforce. Also the diary of Merer adds further weight. His phyles delivered the white Tura limestone to Giza needed for the pyramid. He refers to it and the harbor via Khufu while the Egyptians referred to things per the Pharaoh responsible for them. So he called the pyramid Akhet-Khufu while the harbor facility at Giza was called Ro-She-Khufu. Finally he gives the name of Khufu's half-brother Prince Ankhhaf as the vizier in charge at Giza. That like the workman graffiti found in the relieving chambers above the King's Chamber - an area only accessible during its construction - show = contemporaneous evidence. As to the graffiti. You see similar markings on the covering stones found over the solar boat pit and at Wadi al-Jarf were Merer's diary was found in 2013 there were limestone blocks with similar phyle names painted on them in the exact same red ocher paint. There is too much evidence to assume otherwise.
@@varyolla435 Thanks for the explanation. But in my first comment I did no question who and when it was built. I'm questioning for what was built. I think it cannot be discarded that could be built not as a tumb. Compared with the size of the chambers of the other later dynasties, that small chamber would appear small to accommodate all the necessary utensils and provisions for a King who supposedly built and prepared it for his afterlife. As there is no hard evidence or inscription other than the grafiti that was a tomb for the afterlife of Khufu. When I said later generations in my reply, it was for the generations after the accepted know date of construction. What is your opinion about the artifact that was found inside the shaft and that supposedly predates Khufu?
@@bmmoreira77 Google ghosts many comments. I gave you proof but it was ghosted. The quarrymen markings found in an area only accessible during construction mimic others found elsewhere to include the same style of writing and red ocher paint. Do you know that what is left of Menkaure's coffin found in his pyramid at Giza = is in the British Museum. They were tombs.
I don't think it worked anything like the way that is presented. Why would the Egyptians continue to carve the grooves right up to the ceiling if no rope would ever run along them? It would appear something is missing more than just the stones probably some sort of pulley system of some sort of course if the Granite blocks were lowerred into place during the building process from above?
History For Granite channel did a video about this a few months ago, a lot of good information in that video. He also has a theory of where the stones are now.
If the pyramid is indeed a tomb, I find it remarkable that it was not decorated. Tomb art was a backup in the event the spirit of ka could not bemreunited with the body or ba. The wall paintings were there to insure the rejoining of body and,soul. That said, the elaborate construction and security measures like the portcullis system were costly. Yet, painting is absent. What am I missing here?
Makes you wonder (with the difference in workmanship you mention) whether the port was a later addition. If so this may back up the theory that the great Pyramid was adopted as a tomb rather than built as one ?
I think that any pillaging/tomb raiding most definitely took place extremely soon after completion of the Pyramid, it seems obvious to me that those in the know, with regards to the technical layout and the contents would attract support in their endeavours and be far more driven by the very possession of such knowledge as opposed to those whose inspiration came from mystery and wonder centuries or even millenia later... I also feel that the very Priests of that particular cult sect are most likely to be the commissioner of said Tomb raiding ...
Thank you for watching and for being here! If you want to support the channel, you can become a TH-cam Member at th-cam.com/channels/scI4NOggNSN-Si5QgErNCw.htmljoin or I’m on Patreon at www.patreon.com/ancientarchitects
theres so many brien forester and "ancient lost tech fairy tale power generators" believers, these ignorants claim such absurd things and have no evidence nor arguments to back their words
Hello Matt, I cordially invite you to watch this video and ask your opinion on this another possibility on the original purpose of the Great Pyramid, Thank you..
@@xersocudiganulatac6262 stop being naive troll, there were no other purposes
Why can’t they just take it apart and find out.
there are many signs that the pyramid was filled with water, thats why everything inside is build with waterproof granit and the air shafts are also out of granit and are used off by water at the edges...
Always a pleasure to see this topic covered! If I reach 100k subs I will do my best to explain the portcullis functionality, and Egypt's Old Kingdom history may never be the same.
I would love to see a working model of the sled in the Grand Gallery raising granite blocks too, a la Pierre Houdin.
Oh go on, we'll all send you our life savings if you promise to tell us!
the time
has come.
You’ve a much better channel
Dew it
Most people don't understand how much that ante-chamber area has been re-worked and changed in modern times. Dynamite, chiseling, etc.
Yep. And also, according to Petrie it was rough and coarse work originally too.
And according to Petrie, it was rough and coarse work too, originally.
@@AncientArchitects rough and coarse compared to the king's chamber? It would still need to be precise enough for the stones to move past each other without a large clearance.
You diagrams, arrows, labels etc are AMAZING. THANK YOU for taking the extra time to properly label every details that the audio references. Well done
The wooden rollers are the smoking gun here. It shows that the Great Pyramid did incorporate functional machinery and must have had some practical use.
lol smoking gun
Nice to see the nubs mentioned.. the portculis nub has been documented many times on my own and Andrew's channel also very reminiscent of the nubs found in peru.. the Athens acropolis.. ect.. the menkurae pyramid has many of them aswell infact so does the osirion and multiple other sites aswell.. Adrian is an excellent researcher pleasure to have him on the team. Thanks for the nub mention here maybe nubs of egypt next matt ? All the best Phil aav
So much nub mystery, but so little attention to it. Good thing we've got you and AHC. Keep up the good work.
@@SBJBeats thanks so very much indeed appreciated we are always finding more tbh.. you know where we are if you need the best nub info all the best
It's talked about all the time though... Almost every video about ancient or lost civilizations talks about them
What is so special about the nubs left over from where they got snapped off during the quarrying process? Biggest mystery there is why didn't they finish polishing the nub off.
Faint? 1892 o flynyddoedd? a dal dim esboniad... Yr holl bobl nad ydynt yn ymwneud â chywirdeb o'r fath a hiwmor ystafell ymolchi. Oes?
I’ve been waiting for someone to explain this topic for years
To me it raises more questions than answers. Nice work again, Matt. Peace from Berkshire.
everything about ancient Egypt raises more questions than answers for me
"clearly made to allow ropes to pass"... regurgitating this loose theory delivered with an air of certainty. Keep the illusion of our comprehension of the Great Pyramid alive. Love your work.
Yeah, everyone knows that the pyramids were made by the Atlantean's as a power plant to harness the worlds joojoo power so they can fight of the aliens.
Highly doubt they would have used ropes to lower the blocks, having 3 saddles on just one side of the room proves that. There are also marks on the walls that show other pieces/blocks were placed above on top of the portcullises after lowering. You also wouldn't use single 40 ton block just for some rope groves. As per usual there is much more going on than first thought
A portcullis is for both raising and lowering.It’s is a highly complicated mechanism.Do you really think they would have gone to all this enormous trouble if the end objective was simply to block the tomb for all time.Of course not! A series of passage granite blocks would have been far better,quicker and cheaper.
So ( for whatever reason) they ( priests?) clearly wanted to have the option to return.Perhaps ( they hoped) that only they knew how the portcullis system could be made to work.
Good point. If they wanted it sealed for all of time they could of plugged the Kings chamber all the way to the outer walls of the pyramid one block at a time
Mmm great point
Makes no sense if it was a tomb, but does make sense if it was some kind of functional device or ceremonial site.
Do you see a highly complicated mechanism for raising and lowering a portcullis here? All i saw was a primitive form of portcullis that would not be easy to raise back up again. You are building what will be the worlds biggest building for 4,000 yrs using primitive tools and without even the benefit of the wheel and you think they are going to be bothered by the minor problem of a close it an forget it portcullis? The grand gallery and the passage that leads to the grand gallery are on a step incline how are you going to get your granite passage blocks to stay in place, block the entire passage and be quicker and cheaper and actually do a better job?
@pyropulse Am i to assume that you are correct than? Without something to back it up your statement is just empty words. I don't know you or anything about you and without supplying any proof that my belief is a mistake, your assertion that it is was a waste of your time. Sorry but your opinion has no value to me. I hope that if you choose to reply again you bring more than an empty void.
Been wanting a more in depth video about this for a long time. One of the most interesting design aspects of the pyramid.
Obviously it wasn't a tomb from the time of the pharaohs, so the question is, what we're they guarding in there if it was a portcullis? And if it was a tomb, this could've been someone from easily 10000+ years ago
@David Shaw. Seems opinions are more towards that timing...at last.
its not a tomb from any age its clearly a functional design that took multi generations to build unless we concede to a lost technology enabling them to construct it in one generation less
Great pyramid, wonderful! New information will be very useful to me, I watch and greet!❣✌
Enjoy! Thanks for stopping by.
Hello there Irena. I hope you're doing well. Your channel is about to turn over 3K 🥂🍾.
ALL THE BEST 😁
@@catman8965 Hi Cat Man! I hope it will be so;)
@@ancientsitesgirl
How is your Twitter account doing?
@@catman8965 I don't have a Twitter account :/
A technically high advanced civilization existed on our planet between 25,000 and 20,000 years ago. They vanished because of a recurring natural disaster. The Mahabharata tells us that our planet knows seven world eras that are separated by a natural disaster. The only possible cause for a recurring calamity can be another celestial body in our solar system that orbits our sun in an eccentric orbit. When it is close to our sun and its planets, it crosses the ecliptic plane from the other planets with a very high speed. Because of that, our earth suffers from a huge tidal wave, flooding and many more extreme natural phenomena. The last high educated and skilled civilization knew that a disaster was ahead. That disaster occurred 20,000 years ago and four times more since then. That cataclysm is know all over the world with many names: Typhon, Nibiru, Shiva, Quetzalcoatl, Phaeton are a few of them. That celestial body is now mentioned Planet 9.
Proofs?
@@1945CCCP You will find abundant and convincing evidence in text and many depictions in the e-book: "Planet 9 = Nibiru". You can read it on every computer, tablet or smartphone. Search: invisible nibiru 9
As always, brilliant analysis with a pinch of humility. Bravo!
Amazing stuff! Thank you Matt!
I remember years ago watching a YT video of a guy making a wooden model of the porticullis...including how the Egyptians would have thought about it, including the two different sides where the wooden beams went...one side rounded, the other flat...but of course, cannot find it now...
I need to search for this! Thanks
@@AncientArchitects I searched my history, which I never purge-but appears they only kept the ones back to Jan 2021....silly YT folks!
Yeah I'd love to see that also. I highly doubt they trust a beam to hold that stone with that tiny boss. Especially considering they likely just used chocks and wedges under it instead. Very interesting stuff tho for sure
The complexity of the antechamber and poor quality of ‘security’ it achieves would be a reason to consider a different purpose of this part of the pyramid?
Excellent explanation of the ceiling damage to the entrance corridor into the chamber. Having explored it myself, it was a great curiosity, not to mention how confining and small and tunnel-like the corridor was, so you had to crouch to use it, then opening up into the huge King’s chamber. Which all seemed very odd to me.
History for Granite has pondered these small entrance corridors into chambers were to ensure visitors would be kneeling upon first viewing the king an act of respect in ancient times. I’ve no clue if that’s the official explanation but it’s definitely thought provoking
How could I have not heard of the antechamber before. Thank you.
Rwy'n cytuno. Mor hyfryd i chi wybod sut i siarad.
@@TimPerfetto I truly wish I knew what you have just written. Thank you.
Now, that’s how you lock the door, well, except form that inside job crew. Fascinating and thank you.
Upon observing the detailed images of the Antechamber throughout the first part of this video and, seeing all of this for the first time, it reminds me of the internal structure that creates all the "notes" of a musical instrument? If there was a way to "blow" air or produce some sort of "sound", "tone" or "vibrations", directly through the entire Antechamber, while (somehow?) "sliding" the, 8 (X 4) granite leafs', apart, back together, up and down, in a series of different combinations (different positions) to create all the "notes", from the Antechamber of this "hypothetical instrument", resulting in a harmonic sequence of "tones" or vibrations that... ????
It's REALLY difficult for me to explain what I can see and hear in my mind. It also depends of the granite leafs'. Being that the builders didn't "fck around" when it came to precision so, why are there 2 granite leafs' per, 4 of the sections, as opposed 1 solid piece of granite leaf, per 4 of the sections?
Overall, my mind is open to all theories about the "true" purpose of the pyramids. As a result, my head is spinning 🤯. It would be great to see a copy of, ALL the original blueprints of the pyramids and everything in Giza related or part of them.
What a brilliant thought!
Christopher Dunn explains this with great detail in his book, that it could have been worked as a "filter" in order to produce different vibrations to the kings chamber, a very interesting theory.
Corrado Malanga's theory is that they could produce vibrations by filling the piramids with water.
@@ermetetrismegisto4087 OH YES! No matter what purpose the pyramids were "actually" built for, water definitely played a huge role in their original function.
Yea the Egyptians built the biggest building ever to mess about with sound vibrations 🙄 please stop smoking weed fgs
I absolutely LOVE your videos! I've been waiting for you to cover this subject like a child on Christmas Eve! Thank you so much!!
It resembles a pulley system, but I think they would have propped up the blocks and then simply used the ropes to suspend them.
Precious video. Thanks. The rollers prove the builders knew the wheel. The antechamber proves there was a need to access the king's chamber many times not just one for a burial reason. The size of antechamber proves it was build for something not for someone. The granite proves it is the original part. Maybe just maybe the blocks of th antechamber were just hanging... (grooves on one side)... for resonance reason.
How do you suspend a roller on one side only?
@@Batters56 I don't. I think there was other mechanism than one side rollers. I am thinking about it. Let you know. Cheers.
Access for maintenance every 50 yrs
No, its no security feature. Its a water lock.
Hi Matt, that leaf boss reminds me of protuberances recognized around the world in many polygonal constructions of ancient chronology.
Yes, many have made the connection. This one I’m sure had a mechanical function related to the portcullis blocks.
@@AncientArchitects yeah, it does seem to be part of a mechanism, the shape of it is completely different than the protuberances
Could the boss served a similar function when used elsewhere? Eg. many Inca walls have these, where the stones are made to fit into each other like gloves. Could they have been used to keep the stone raised above other stones while they were adjusting / chiseling the bottom edge of them, to snugly fit in with the stones below?
I enjoy all of Ancient Architects videos
Looks more like a system blocking energy from going out than stopping robbers from going in.
Continuing to theorize within the premise of this structure having ever been a burial site is ridiculous. There never was a sarcophagi or the need to prevent the thievery of grave-robbers, as the cutting and carving of granite during the lifetime of Khufu was simply not possible... prove me wrong.
you just proved your own ignorance
Exactly!!! As if it was an ode to one man’s ego. The greed of a man’s heart will prevent him from ever seeing the forest for the trees.
i feel like this just isn't correct. i think your analysis is great, but i just don't believe its a security door for a grave. i think you described the anatomy well, and likely how the pieces moved and worked but their ultimate function i think was not to protect a dead body
But there was nothing in the king’s chamber because it was never for a human. For if it was there would be hieroglyphs everywhere, which there’s absolutely NOT!
The "poor craft" described by Petrie of the floor masonry, is also indicative of "greater damage," not necessarily poor craft. I find the most interesting condition of the "ante-chamber" is the V wearing on the southern wall, nearly identical to the V wearing on the Great Step, each suggesting "mechanical movement" and sustained and repeated contact of some material to those surfaces. Also interesting, is the cement repair to the Great Step AND the southern wall (unjustified).
Absence of portcullis systems for the subterranean chamber and the "queen's chamber" seems entirely inconsistent with inclusion of such a system in the ante-chamber.
Hamilton's work is outstanding....he has researched a lot of the OK pyramids and mastabas....if certain people running the show in Egypt were as thorough as KH, Egyptology would be in a far better state.
Cool! But all that and you couldn’t animate it opening and closing one time?
Looks like the inside of a 3 cylinder engine just upside down. Just take way the ropes they keep putting in. Cylinders and heads.air in air out ....
Enjoyed the video Matt.
So much to see. Hope you can make a trip soon. Would love to see your expression when you first set eyes upon them.👌🏽😃❤
Also, great comments today.
Thanks for watching Nancy! 👌
I like the direction your videos have taken. Really like the proof of how old our history is. I did originally like the alternative pyramid stuff but like the facts more
This gatekeeper disinfo agent has brainwashed you well, if this is even a real person; many of the comments worshipping this guy are clearly fake.
overspeculation is gross to me I prefer good logic science and facts but to me the facts laid out in this video support an alternate hypothesis than the official tomb or monument theory
This is like the ultimate news network, Breaking news for 15,000 years ago. LOL I love this channel
What kind of rope 🤔 would of had the strength to lift the blocks????The weight is to much. You would have to have Braided steel or a rope with a steel or copper core.
If the Egyptians had concrete or a geopolymer , they would have used it to fill the portcullis area after it was lowered.
And the fact we find no evidence of concrete here may well imply no geopolymer in the pyramid - great comment! 👍
The geopolymer used is made from limestone. It's too soft to be used here.
@@AncientArchitects
If the ante-chamber is from poorer quality.
It's from a different time.
Younger, probably.
That would have interesting implications. Is there any reasonable overview about the places and results of radio-carbon dating in and around the Great Pyramid? Hallo Zahi?
@@ivelindemirov If it was used to fill in gaps after the portcullus is dropped it would still be more difficult than air to get through.
This is a sterling comment. It's not proof they lacked concrete or a geopolymer, but it strongly suggests that they didn't have it when this system was designed.
they look more like watertight bulkhead doors you find on older ships than a security system.
There were valves to regulate flow
If the system is there only to prevent people from entering the King's chamber, it is a pretty weak system and seems quite extravagantly designed. And also, why 3 granite blocks? Why not 2, or 4, or just 1 big one that completely covers the entrance? Or just close it up with one big block, and put a few guys outside to guard it...
Agreed. Way over-engineered for a supposedly permanent one-time closure. If that was the purpose, why not just block the entrance to the King’s Chamber with the hypothetical “blocking stone”? Makes no sense to build all of this. If this was indeed a pulley system, it was designed for ongoing opening and closing.
Would make sense if it was some sort of damming device in a hydraulic system. Just an idea.
I always thought it was a mechanism that regulates the amount of some substance inside the chamber
No way I just realised I’ve not been watching your videos cause of the new set up! Gutted
Catch up! 👍
Whenever we hear about forced entry by robbers etc. there always seems to be an implication that there was prior knowledge of what lay beyond. If, as you say, there was a possibility of breakers going over the top of the portcullis they must have had a good idea of their potential route.
Cause he’s reaching hard.
I guess it's at least possible for someone to figure out from the grooves and evident portcullis structure that going around will be more profitable.
@@peteclegg1578
It's not a portcullis it's a stone elevator
It's a fairly reasonable inference that a heavy stone at the end of a passage would be to protect what is behind, and that robbers would start exploring for a way around. If the portcullis housing was left open that would be a very obvious bypass.
Perhaps. Perhaps it is merely a lift point on the block akin to today where you see "lift here" points on a large crate or similar object. The inner blocks needed to be smooth all around to facilitate sliding down in the grooves. So "handles" on the block to move it during transportation and placement might have been hammered smooth upon placement - whereas on the last outward facing block it did not matter as it abutted against nothing.
The rope groves seem to go all the way up flush with the ceiling stone. If the groves were just to make space for the ropes to go around the logs then the would have stopped cutting the groves near the logs. Maybe this chamber was first used to bring the granite up above the kings chamber for the the relieving chambers. Then once that was complete they repurposed the room as a security device.
That's true
The picture of the portcullis blocks reminds me of the old schematics of Titanic of the unfinished walls to block water from sinking the ship. It also reminds me of the inner workings of a door lock.
Hmm.
Great video. If I got the description of the mechanism from video right, then it raises few questions.
My assumption is: The mechanism seems reversible - it is more complex than necessary to be a use-once mechanism, compared to other features of the pyramid
1. Why to seal something using a reversible mechanism? Why not just to block it with a stone that can not be removed afterwards? If the mechanism is reversible, it represents mechanical door and allows re-entry as needed. Why one would need to re-enter?
2. Related to the first one: if the mechanism is reversible and its purpose is to close and protect a chamber, why the protection is at such a high level? Why three stones instead of just one? For a casual looter even the one stone would be a hustle. If someone (a group of people) can open one stone, they can very likely open all three stones.
3. Highly speculative question (not hinting to anything, just an option to consider): was the mechanism protecting the inside from the outside or is there any possibility that it was protecting the outside from something inside - be it mechanical, chemical (stored substance leakage) or biological (pathogens leakage)?
Final note: The cover stone is needed in at least two cases: 1. if we assume that the whole mechanism is to protect the King's Chamber from looters (that can cut stone) or 2. to protect the mechanism itself (its reusability) from damage.
The above questions might not be relevant if the mechanism served other purposes than a mechanical protective door and the mechanism was not reversible.
I agree with you. Its to easy to just listen to what we were told that this is just a giant tomb. Its not and the people that built this were smarter than that.
the diferences between this and the valley of the kings is huge. first being the writting on the valley walls where the pyramids have blank walls. and the valley had less security than this does. only reasons you have this type of security is if it is used for something that needed protection from the masses or to protect the masses from it.
@@FalconWing1813 ...evidence?
I think it’s a fantastic explanation of the portcullis antechamber hypothesis but with so many speculative “missing pieces” involved I think it has more holes than the tomb robbers actually dug. The plugs at the pyramid entrance are still there and were dug around to gain access but the multiple antechamber plugs are completely gone, not bypassed, flat out all gone. Just because they were carving huge granite blocks using only rocks and soft copper chisels doesn’t mean they were stupid, quite the contrary I suspect.
If the pyramid water pump theory is true then this is simply an adjustable valve, you can raise and lower the stones to get the amount of flow u needed ,
a masterwork of craftmanship and architecture. by now totally damaged and chiseled over by tourists and "explorers"... kinda quite a shame. thanks for sharing this fascinating and educating footage.
Such a shame, yes!
@@AncientArchitects so many peoples believe that khufu's sarcophagus looks so odd because it was left unfinished or because of tomb robbers. but no, it had been respectless and greedy tourists. I remember lots of other monuments and tombs that suffered a similar fate.
@@phoneguy4637 In the 19th century you could hire an ice pick from the tea shop at Stonehenge to chip off a piece of the standing stones to take home as a souvenir. Like getting a fragment of a saint's bone from a cathedral to treasure as a holy relic.
If only all the searching and digging was for the purpose of Discovering and Using the pyramids for their Original Purpose....wouldn't that be wonderful. Of course, ego and greed would need to be taken out of the equation...🥲
My first time hearing of this mechanism. Thanks!
Finally a video explaining The nubs on the stone. Many years ago I thought it was to attach ropes but haven't seen anything on it yet. Until now.
Great Video
Incredible Machine
If the chamber was designed to keep tomb robbers out it did a very poor job. It was a very ineffective design if that is what the chamber was for.
Good video. But I have a questions you didn't answer. Why the effort of building this security Antechamber while other people/historiana argue that the Great Pyramid was never a tomb. Hence the lack of hieroglyphs e.g.. So there was nothing to steal/protect in the first place?
The problem with the "lack of hieroglyphs" is that we know that the Queen's Chamber, at least, was covered with graffiti from centuries of visitors, plus soot from centuries of candles and oil lamps. All of that has been scrubbed off, possibly several times. It's not like the Valley of the Kings, where the tombs lay hidden until modern times.
@@faithlesshound5621 Yes that makes sense. The Valley of The Kings was way less accessible for grave robbers indeed.
The semi circular pockets only on one side disprove the roller hypothesis. If you looped a rope over anywhere past halfway to the flat shelf side, the weight of the block would cause the roller end to skid forward along the shelf. The pocket on the other side would make the roller pivot in an arc and thus risk falling off the shelf.
There probably never was a stone door system at all
Marcus is right! Making his point just one more nail in the coffin of the "Officially Accepted", theory of what this was and how it may have worked!
I missed these videos. More ancient Egypt videos please.
Really appreciate your videos mate, I end up being too entangled with the ancient lost civilisation stuff which is as much of a dogma as mainstream sometimes.
This totally mirrors my thoughts on the matter. Thank you for posting this. 👏🏻
Well, dogma with evidence which beats dogma alone.
@@ryanhegseth8720 it's all only suggestive evidence though which once your convinced is proving an ancient civilisation its all you'll see.
@@ollyjackson8733 exactly id say the same evidence supports multiple possiblele hypothesis assuming the Egyptians had the same thoughts ideas needs as 17th to 19th century europeans is ludacrous
I always love hearing your critical thinking it keeps us questioning all the information. Appreciate all your work 👍
Was this a one time use, or was it possible to take it up and down ? The reason i ask is what is the `tomb` was a frequency generator. And those granite blocks where there just to block any outflow of the chamber ? Great vid btw !
that's what I was thinking its there to functionally separate two things in a machine like function perhaps water if it was a pump or energy as you started or possibly two different chemicals or solutions from interacting similarly how rockets have partitions between hydrogen and oxygen for fuel or the same chemicals for rain?cloud generators r maybe the function of the pyramid was electrolysis separating hydrogen and oxygen out of waterr
I’m incredibly excited to watch this.
Enjoy!
I dont't think there were rollers in the circular cavities. If you want to use rollers, you would place them in a way that the rope would be fixed somewhere near the center of gravity, so in the center of the stones, not at one side. Since the cavities are more or less centered to the portcullis stones they will most likely have had a different task.
My speculation ist that they were used as a kind of blocking mechanism, holding the portcullis stones in place, beeing knocked away somehow to irreversibly lower the portcullis.
Do we know if these monoliths were carved in situ, or quarried somewhere and then transported?
The Portcullis Antechamber is a very important piece of evidence that disproves the theory that the King's Chamber was the resting place of a dead king. The ancient Agyptians were excellent architects and engineers. The entrance on the north side was permanently closed after use, without the need for a portcullis. We can therefore assume that the architects knew very well how to seal entrances forever. Whether the portcullis was used to open and close the entrance to the king's chamber is debatable. The fact is that the way into the King's Chamber was sealed when Al Ma'mun's people first reached it. They literally had to break open the chamber and destroy the granite closure stone.
Secondly, we still do not know exactly how and from where the portcullis was operated. Who or what raised and lowered the stones and from where.
Conclusion: Since it was not used to seal the King's Chamber, what was it used for and how was it operated? If we can answer this questions, we will be one step closer to understanding the purpose of the work.
Fascinating. Hamilton's theory on the boss is dead on .
One more pyramid theory. It was well done, but the truth I think is something very amazing.
All built upon a stunning foundation of knowledge in maths :-) thanks for the share
Matt, you have often raised the theory that the coffin/valuables were not up in the Kings chamber at all, however how can you explain the lengths the builders went to in order to protect the central areas?
That thing alone would have been a major pain in the arse to build. Especially in flip flops:)
Newbie question, where are the portcullis stones now/who removed them? Ps love the channel, watching them all ahead of Egypt trip!
So , they designed 98 % of the pyramid to perfection yet, the last 2% of a safety mechanism was sloppily designed and built …
I don’t think so ….
what's so hard for you to understand?
Amazing ancient engineering and construction. It’s scary to think about being on the wrong side of the blocks when they left the pharaoh to rest.
Am going to join Adept expeditions tour to Egypt in october, and am happy to be able to use your videos as a preparation for the trip =)
I haven’t made any travel plans at all this year. I didn’t do anything, mainly cos of all the covid restrictions and also childcare arrangements at home. But I’ll hope to get there asap!
@@AncientArchitects Hope you make it there soon matt, would be great to see your vlogging videos and your reactions to the giza plateau..
Good video, good guess, opens more questions than it answers though. And still rests on the assumption the chamber was originally constructed to be a tomb. I like your work on this, but respectly don't agree with it completely on the basis of the underlying unproven assumptions about the original purpose of the structure.
How do pyramid researchers account for there only being u-shapes for rollers on one side? And even then it appears that only one can actually be seen today? Isn’t that a pretty major obstacle to a portcullis theory?
Amazing amazing video.
The cover stone would’ve been propped up by wood posts in all 4 corners. The ropes would have knots on outer leaf side. The boss pushed up, the slabs fall, someone climbs up on the more damaged side of the leaf stone, to go inside to remove all rope and wood rollers, and then all 4 wood posts removed on the cover stone to set in place.
So are you saying the Giza Plateau pyramids were originally constructed as tombs ?
The four grooves must have had a reason to be up to the ceiling.
The ceiling was added later
If they could manipulate granite so easily, why would they use it as a lock to keep people out? It was probably for something else.
Like what
Dynamic whistle / dynamic acoustic filter
Amazing drawing of various cracks and fissures in both Antechamber and King's chamber: 11:06 from what I saw and read so far, I had no idea of how much are the individual stones positions warped against the adjacent ones. A jaw dropping stuff this drawing indeed!
My opinion will probably be unpopular but I don't think there was any treasure whatsoever in this pyramid. The thinking that the portcullis existed to keep plunderers out is false- of course the plunderers themselves didn't know this. I believe the portcullis existed to keep pressure in. These "sarcophagi" weren't coffins, they were boxes to keep pressure in. Massive pressure was needed in the king's chamber for some reason and the way to do it was with the portcullis. If you think about it this way then the damage above the first dropped granite portcullis block makes sense. The pattern you see of missing stone above it is because this would be the weakest location pressure-wise. It was blown away from the inside.
I like this
Perhaps the long slopped grand gallery with its floor notches was used for a counterweight system to pull on the ropes to open and close the portcullises? Perhaps with a kind of sled that weight could be added to. I don’t see man power alone pulling on ropes being enough to lift those blocks
It makes sense what you say abouth grand gallery and counterweight.jean-pierre Houdin talks abouth gallery as sysstem for counterweights for bringing bigest granite blocks up.and portculises seem to be designed to open and close as they needed.
10:52 yes. I also believe by heart that the plundering of khufu's chambers was an insider job. a lot of chamber architects sure did know about the porticulli's structure and weakpoints. the same sure happened to the other pyramids, such as those of king huni and king snefru.
If they knew the riches that would go inside that chamber, it might well be worth the risk, especially because the successor, Djedefre, didn’t quite follow in his father’s footsteps and started to make major state changes.
@@AncientArchitects I know, right? I bet me butt, that these abrupt and intriguing changes were no coincidence. unfortunately, they were of not much help, as so many later plundered pyramids would proof...
Your right
There is speculation and some evidence that points to the actual priests, or other members of the priesthood, being involved in the robbing of tombs.
The pyramids were probably plundered during the First Intermediate Period, when the state essentially collapsed, and the priests and guards of the pyramid complex probably became unemployed. The priests looking after the burial complex may have had blueprints of the pyramid interiors. Just as the priesthood robbed the Valley Of The Kings later, I think you're probably right that some of them were involved in robbing the pyramids.
I appreciate your videos, brother :)
What exactly is holding the one "nub" stone in place today?
Just wanna say - your work is awesome.
The portcullis antechamber is an great evidence that the this pyramid was not a tumb, and yes a chamber that was accessed frequently by priests from time to time, if it was a just a tumb no reason to create a complex open and seal mechanism. If it was just a tomb that was meant to not be acessed anymore, it was better to seal with a full block of granite.
Why then build the chamber from granite?? After all most of the pyramid is limestone which is much easier to work with. Also please explain then:
1 - the pyramid is located in a necropolis.
2 - it is sited on the west bank of the Nile = "land of the dead" in Egyptian religion.
3 - it mimics other structures clearly identifiable as tombs.
4 - these structures all contain sarcophagi.
5 - historical references all describe them as tombs.
I could of course go on - but this should suffice.
p.s. - the description of a "portcullis" is a bit of a misnomer. Yes it reflects blocks raised/lowered rather than opening ala a normal doorway to the side. Yet its lack of a control mechanism indicates it was never intended to be opened again = merely closed. Once the blocks were dropped into place they were never intended to be raised again. Given the small access openings to the chamber and the burial vault beyond it was not practical to place blocks in there after the fact as the space was too small = ergo a mechanism to suspend them until the burial chamber needed to be sealed.
@@varyolla435 Valid points you bring but... I can only and speculate and maybe use some flawed logic to some people! but where it goes..
To your first argument we can argue against...
What Era are these historical references from?
When was those Necropolis built?
What mimics these structures? Do pyramids mimic these structures or do these structures mimic the Pyramids?
Could the next generations worship the great pyramids and wish do build their burial ground next to those might monuments?
Speculating again, there could be some complex mechanism with ropes that only the hierophants would know how to use to lift the 3 blocks and thus only they would use the hall for their ceremonies.
@@bmmoreira77 argumentum ad ignorantiam. First is there is absolutely zero credible evidence whatsoever to support a supposed predynastic civilization. Not even a pottery shard exists.
Next as I noted everything about them dovetails into ancient Egyptian religious belief. The preservation and protection of the body + the need for burial items believed needed in the afterlife + the location concurrent with other tombs = all concur with Egyptian beliefs.
As to historical examples the easiest is Herodotus who wrote of the Great Pyramid. Before you claim he was Greek or lived after the fact = he got his information from the Egyptians themselves. He even related the amount of silver Khufu spent to feed his workforce.
Also the diary of Merer adds further weight. His phyles delivered the white Tura limestone to Giza needed for the pyramid. He refers to it and the harbor via Khufu while the Egyptians referred to things per the Pharaoh responsible for them. So he called the pyramid Akhet-Khufu while the harbor facility at Giza was called Ro-She-Khufu. Finally he gives the name of Khufu's half-brother Prince Ankhhaf as the vizier in charge at Giza.
That like the workman graffiti found in the relieving chambers above the King's Chamber - an area only accessible during its construction - show = contemporaneous evidence. As to the graffiti. You see similar markings on the covering stones found over the solar boat pit and at Wadi al-Jarf were Merer's diary was found in 2013 there were limestone blocks with similar phyle names painted on them in the exact same red ocher paint. There is too much evidence to assume otherwise.
@@varyolla435 Thanks for the explanation. But in my first comment I did no question who and when it was built. I'm questioning for what was built. I think it cannot be discarded that could be built not as a tumb. Compared with the size of the chambers of the other later dynasties, that small chamber would appear small to accommodate all the necessary utensils and provisions for a King who supposedly built and prepared it for his afterlife. As there is no hard evidence or inscription other than the grafiti that was a tomb for the afterlife of Khufu.
When I said later generations in my reply, it was for the generations after the accepted know date of construction.
What is your opinion about the artifact that was found inside the shaft and that supposedly predates Khufu?
@@bmmoreira77 Google ghosts many comments. I gave you proof but it was ghosted. The quarrymen markings found in an area only accessible during construction mimic others found elsewhere to include the same style of writing and red ocher paint. Do you know that what is left of Menkaure's coffin found in his pyramid at Giza = is in the British Museum. They were tombs.
How did I miss this one? Great details!
I don't think it worked anything like the way that is presented. Why would the Egyptians continue to carve the grooves right up to the ceiling if no rope would ever run along them? It would appear something is missing more than just the stones probably some sort of pulley system of some sort of course if the Granite blocks were lowerred into place during the building process from above?
History For Granite channel did a video about this a few months ago, a lot of good information in that video. He also has a theory of where the stones are now.
Great Job as always!
Please consider animating your general theories - nothing fancy is required.
Love ya, Matt!
...
-Lp
👍Thanks for posting!
Could it be designed to try keep pressure inside? Looks like a reusable system for a culture used to lifting stuff by pulling ropes.
If the pyramid is indeed a tomb, I find it remarkable that it was not decorated. Tomb art was a backup in the event the spirit of ka could not bemreunited with the body or ba. The wall paintings were there to insure the rejoining of body and,soul. That said, the elaborate construction and security measures like the portcullis system were costly. Yet, painting is absent. What am I missing here?
The obvious way to have a better look is examine the complete undisturbed one in the Kafre pyramid which almost certainly has similar features inside.
2 years on nope kafres really is different convincingly. I changed my mind on that.
The slots are for large gold or copper wires that have since been pillaged
Nice , thanks Matt
Makes you wonder (with the difference in workmanship you mention) whether the port was a later addition. If so this may back up the theory that the great Pyramid was adopted as a tomb rather than built as one ?
that's a great idea to consider
I think that any pillaging/tomb raiding most definitely took place extremely soon after completion of the Pyramid, it seems obvious to me that those in the know, with regards to the technical layout and the contents would attract support in their endeavours and be far more driven by the very possession of such knowledge as opposed to those whose inspiration came from mystery and wonder centuries or even millenia later... I also feel that the very Priests of that particular cult sect are most likely to be the commissioner of said Tomb raiding ...