Genghis Khan and the Warriors of the Mongol Empire | Dan Carlin and Lex Fridman
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- Lex Fridman Podcast full episode: • Dan Carlin: Hardcore H...
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Dan Carlin: everyone’s favorite historian.
Also Dan Carlin, every 22 minutes: “I’m not a historian.”
Dan Carlin is to historians what guys like Neil DeGrasse Tyson are to scientists. Is Tyson a scientist? Kind of... maybe technically speaking... but not really. That's what Carlin is trying to say. He compiles the work of bona fide historians and crafts it into something that is not only accessible, but fascinating to the layman. That's his skill but he is careful to not step on the toes of the historians he so greatly respects because they're the ones doing the work that makes his own work possible. Standing on the shoulders of giants as it were.
@@dohczeppelin37 Neil degrasse Tyson has a pHD in astrophysics bro
@@GolanArie That doesn't mean your day job is "scientist." Tyson was a staff scientist at the Hayden Planetarium for a few years in the early 90s but then became the director a short time later. He writes books and other content, hosts shows, promotes science broadly as an educator, consults, advocates, and holds leadership positions in the science community. But he is not spending much time doing actual nuts and bolts science work. Tyson is certainly in the science and education/entertainment industry but I don't really consider him a scientist in the traditional sense.
@@dohczeppelin37 cuz he is black
But im not a rapper
Dude when he said the mongols were so good on horseback that they were compared to centaurs blew my mind.
Right
They were Centaurs, that's where the original Greek mythos comes from. Not the Mongols, probably the Scythians when they were attacking the Achemid Persians, which the Greek would have vaguely heard about. Perfect mythos material. Plus, cmon half man half horse who'se super good with a bow? That's steppe peoples in a nut shell.
Dothraki*
@@bennetla10 I can 100 percent imagine how formidable a warrior like that would've been in those times. That's just stuff of mythology but real.
@@TalkingThrones Dothrakis are based on the Mongols
"They create a wasteland and call it peace" that line send shivers down my spine.
It's by Tacitus - "Solitudinem faciunt pacem appellant".
Maybe get your testosterone levels checked bro
@@2003_4channer oh shit look it's the testosterone man.
@@MIOrko aka key board warrior
Modern USA in a nutshell.
It’s Chingis Khaan.
Source: I’m Mongolian. Their religion was shamanism. Some Mongolians still practice this today. Also fun fact, Mongols believed that they were descendent of wolves.
Great podcast!
it's Turkic ppl who believe that they were descendent of wolves , Todays Mongolian different ppl
Turks too
@@langentg7165 , they copied that myth from Mongols.
You're a Mongolian on the internet in 2022. You aren't the same as them back then.
@@edog551 if you're not Mongolian, this is truly a bizarre and stupid comment
"Genghis Khan’s Greatest General: Subotai the Valiant" is my favorite book on this topic. Its a fairly short read and I recommend it to anyone who likes to think about what made the Mongols so successful as a military power.
Cheers, brother. I'm looking for some good books on the subject. Got any other recommendations?
"...I am Subotai! Thief... and archer."
Nice book
I grew up idolizing Subotai.
They should give subotai his credit. He is the man who actually conquered most of the world for Genghis Khan. It was not Genghis Khan himself. In fact subotai served Khan's son and Grandson before the conquest was complete and the Mongol Empire the largest empire ever to sit on the face of the Earth at the time.
Mongol culture and war had become almost one and the same thing back then. When settled people, like Europeans, went to war, they had to go out of their life style, set up camps, be partially reliant on central supplies etc. Or it was a specialised group of people dedicated to military. On the other hand, all Mongols were literally full-time war campers. Mongols could always live off the land using the hunting skills from childhood (and of course raiding). There was no one place where you could invade the Mongols. Mongols were far more efficient logistically etc.
@JJ Buddhabrot Mongolians rule Sumo... so its not bad at all. You sound like its unnatural to have ups and downs... every dog has its day.
In my personal opinion.. Its all jesuit history.. the type you believe.. your answer says it all. Now lets see where you end up.
@JJ Buddhabrot they are being worshiped by Americans, that is where they are at now.
Is anyone worshiping the Europeans?
Which means they were herders and nomads first, not warriors. It was simply useful to Chengis' expansion to leverage the existing skill with animal husbandry and with bows.
Since antiant civilisacions the nomadic tribes have conquerd sedentary empires, Just look It up folks. Intil they themselvs became sedentary and then other nomadic Nations conquerd them...
@@andyc3012 healthcare sounds like a terrific idea
Dan Carlin is a national treasure.
*international
Treasured from London, England
@@z5prod693 Raising a glass to Londontown in this time of lockdown.
Painfotainment was unsettlingly great
Dan is a gift to the world.
*international.
Regards
Hardcore History fan from India
Mongolian Judo is by far my favorite style of Judo to watch. It’s brutally beautiful.
They have a great emphasis on lower back muscles as well. Lower back strength is very foundational for every grappler/wrestler.
Mongolian Are phenomal martial artist , especially wrestling!
@@vonb2792 yeah? how come they dont medal?
@@laoch5658 They have won until now 3 medals in judo at Tokyo Olympics...A silver and bronze in men's judo and a bronze in women's judo.
@@laoch5658 Mongolia has 3 million people, they only started their participation in the olympics a decade ago. But they're still competing at high levels on par with U.S, Russia, China etc
An important factor not mentioned was their ability to digest lactose due to a genetic mutation. Which allowed them to consume a lot of horse milk and cheese as part of their diet. This greatly decreased their reliance on baggage trains that armies would typically need. As a result, and in combination with each rider having several horses, they could move much faster than their adversaries.
genetic mutation....genghis khan wasnt a mongol.
@@bramblemat1185 Hes the one that had the genetic mutation. Then he passed this down
I doubt 100% had the mutation some of them had the squirts but still drank horse juice like Alistair Overeem..
@@anon3501 dude mongolian people have been living like that way before chingis khan existed. i 100% guarantee you that it did not start with chingis khan.
Irish people have genetic mutation for alcohol I believe as well, they digest it better.
That analogy with shooting the arrow and then draw a bull's-eye I felt that. That might just be the best description of human history ever
agreed
I also feel like we do this with literacy and poems, trying to find more layers and more metaphors when in reality the author just liked the way it sounded to them.
Could you explain please ?
It's honestly the best way to describe how to do anything ever.
@@General_Pinkledinkwhat?
I love Dan Carlin . I listen to HH episodes over and over driving to and from work . Here are my favorites
1. Blueprint for Armageddon
2. Wrath of the Kahn’s
3. Destroyer of worlds
4. Ghosts of the ostfront
5. Human Resources
6. Supernova in the east
I enjoy those also. I just twist wrenches all day and listen to my podcast.
1. Death throes of the republic
I love the ones about the Punic Wars as well
One thing that you have to know about that era is:
Every Mongolian (both men and women) had the ideology of “One sky, one khan, one land” down to their last cell.
I’m learning about this in high school rn and it’s actually so interesting how he elaborating on and explaining what I was just learning about yesterday.
Lex, you have quickly become one of my favorite content creators. Such amazing questions. You're a great man. Keep it up
Conn Iggulden's "The Conqueror" book series is a really fun read for anyone who loves the Mongols.
He also has good books on Julius Caesar
@@Joe-jh8po Yes I'm currently on book 2 of the Empire series. Good call!
War of the roses aswell
@@tikemyson5627 I'll get to them for sure.
@Scott Heaton Han foreign policy towards the Steppe peoples like the Xiongnu and Mongols for more than a thousand years. I like that they could conceptualise the threat of a united tribes and through diplomacy neutralise it for as long as they did.
Dan Carlins "Wrath of Khans" is excellent - one of his top podcast episodes
I’ve been trying to find it, do you know where I can find it?
@@sonnybbll28 You have to buy it on dan carlin's website
Dan and Lex, I am not a historian but a Mongolian. I agree with everything you said. Your point is right Mongol people tame animals exceptionally well as livestock are only source to survive in Mongolian steppe where temperatures vary from -50c to 40c through a year. It is true that People practiced war skills from being toddler. Even now you can see these lifestyle in Mongolia. Only the war business turned out to wrestling and sport archery. Basically Chinggis Khan was a royal family member, a genius commander and an incredibly talented manager all together. Imagine, if he wasn’t a grandson of Khabul Khan, the first ruler of Mongol tribes, people wouldn’t have follwed him. His success derived from his ideas to value people based on their talent and loyalty. For example, his prime minister, Mukhulai, was a slave of his enemy. Chinggis Khan saw Mukhulai’s talents and asked Mukhulai to be his adviser.
This is the most I've seen lex show emotion. He even smiled
Civilization 5 taught me a lot about how the Mongols had such a vast contiguous empire.
Their unique units the Keshik archer horses could easily sack cities without taking damage, and their additional movement buff on the plains just offered too many benefits to their playstyle.
Civ 5 was the best man, i still play it from time to time, it was one of the main things that got me interested in history
You talking bout sid miers civilization 5?? Ya what a great game
Game logistics me gusta
I hope you’re joking
@@michaelh13 joking but serious.
If you listened to the whole podcast, in simplification, the mongols were successful in their conquest because they lived a uniquely different lifestyle compared to urban city dwellers. Yes, city states possessed armies that were funded by tax paying citizens. But the Mongolian people literally live, breath, and eat the way of the plains. They were survivalists that knew how to ride horses and shoot bows from horseback with great ease and accuracy. This unique ability allowed them to meet any armies in the fields, dealing great damage and fast, while having the mobility to take little to no damage in return. Once the city state armies were defeated it was a simple game of siege upon the walls of the cities they wished to conquer.
Loving these podcasts!
Dan Carlin is endlessly interesting to listen to!
I hope everyone has download that series he did. Utterly phenomenal.
which series ??
This Hardcore History series got me hooked on podcasts and audio entertainment. I've listened to 3+ hours a day for over five years now.
“The Romans said the Huns were bow-legged” This is what we tune into Dan Carlin for Yessss!
I've listened to ever single HardCore history podcast.
I could listen to them all over again and still get blown away
Ever considered reading a book?
@@ronbunn1349 Why read a book when you can listen to Hardcore History while working ?
King of Kings Dan Carlin episodes are hands down the best.
It’s always a joy to listen to Dan when I’m driving
I read somewhere that there was a letter or a page of writing from one of Genghis khans grandsons explaining why they are religiously tolerant, basically it says something like: we simply approach the gods in different ways, so they think that everyone is worshippinh the same god only in different ways and philosophies. But it's from his grandson though
As a Mongolian data scientist I love your work, keep it up man.
Genghis Khan - The Making of the Modern World
Great book that talks about the huge impact that the Mongols had on the world.
What about the morality of the modern world? Did he invent that as well? Groups seek to monopolise and centralise control. Khan is only a wonder of the ages if you are not in the way of his blade.
@@NothingHumanisAlientoMe Relax. I just recommended a book.
Lmao right 😂
@@keithprice7119
I ask questions.
@@NothingHumanisAlientoMe
Genghis khan
His conquests
His empire
His legacy by Frank McCain Lynn
Is much better book I highly recommend it! I have read every book their is on the subject and this is by far the best one!!!!
When he talked about keeping the tribes separated because they would become too powerful .It reminded me a lot of what the government does to us today
Cringe. No. People do this themselves because of fundamental philosophical differences.
@@johanneswestman935 And who perpetuates those philosophical differences?
@@finksburg7380 There is no invisible hand doing that. There's a good deal of evidence suggesting that leaning liberal/conservative is genetic.
I hope this clip turns out to be as interesting as I am expecting it today. Ghengis was one impressive dude and I think discussions on “what would we think of him if he existed today?” “Was he a good guy?” “How much do we need to consider the times when discussing what kind of guy ppl think he if??” Basically he’s a facinatjng guy with a fascinating story and I very much enjoy him being discussed
That's your opanion lmao.
The vid just said he was ordinary with exordinary army and luck
Clarification for people confused about hun vs mongol: huns were Xiongnu, the word hun comes from hunnu, which in turn comes from Xiongnu. Part of Xiongnu after conflicts with the Chinese moved westward, incorporated other people and became hun. Xiongnu who remained were the forefathers of the Mongols.
Nice! Thank you.
Hmm that's weird, because it's claimed that in Eastern Europe circa 5th century Bulgars where descendants of the Huns. And Bulgars are know not to have any mongoloid traits.
He must have meant Timur since a Tumen is a military unit. It wasn’t just horsemanship either their military tactics were levels above all others at the time. The false retreat, the flanking, use of elephants, etc...
Modun shanyu's father was Tumen Shanyu.
I think he meant Bumin, the founder of the Turk Empire, who is known as Tumen in Chinese historical records.
Dan Carlin has one of the coolest history channels. The sincerity of the facts via PoVs, makes history more attainable
I’ve listened to hours and hours of Dan Carlins podcasts and his voice has become almost nostalgic
I love how Dan Carlin adds the "golly gee" touch to his descriptions of history.
Mongols diet consisted of primarily meat and fat, its been said a mongol warrior could go days between meals wereas the settled peoples needed rice daily. The Mongolia culture was literally perfect for their time and place, sheer historical luck.
I can 3 meat meals a week max
Al it means is you will faint before you think you will give up and faint 👌
@@theirishninja8199 you'll never have a girthy, long, 10 incher like I do. gutted for you, little man.
I've only just discovered Hardcore History and its incredible. I'm almost done with Supernova in the East and I don't even want to imaging having to wait for those episodes to air.
Such a fascinating full interview stem to stern. This was a nice brief refresher.
I remember I've read about the mongolians being notoriously great at incorporating their wrestling into their h2h conbat that it was super scary when they're fighting in close quarter combat, even the Georgian and Hungarian knights prefer fighting the mongols on horseback rather than h2h.
Thats a nice correct fact that you’ve heard about. Let us know about the read/source material.
Bullshit, their tactics was more like harrassment, with hit and run. Georgians, persians and kavkaz ppl globally are much stronger than any asian guy today. It was the same with our ancestors
“Khan, try to remember the basics of CQC.”
@@Cryme2face Guess what’s Mongolia’s traditional sport is. For thousands of years.
@@whome1636 Horse racing + Archery + Traditional Wrestling
So rare to have a podcast with such consistently valuable intellectual discussion. Love it Lex!!!
Hardcore history doesn't deserve to be called a podcast. The are tremendous audiobooks!!
So good. Thank you Lex and Dan
They can still come in to town with their representatives and recognize that your daughter is pretty and take her to be part of khans concubine”…they still do that in N.Korea 🇰🇵
I once heard a Mongolian say that the K in Khan is silent
Did that Mongolian look like Winnie the pooh?
Kinda...
Not exactly silent. It’s a "thick" H sound and it is usually Romanized as "KH".
You are correct sir
@@sandorclegane3658 hahahahaha
agreed, dan's podcast on Genghis was one of the best
The real name is Temuujin which was given by his father on the same day he defeated Tatar warlord named Temuujin Uge. His title name given by Tev Tenger shaman. The title name combined of 2 words which are CHIN and GIS. Chin means loyal, faithful or trustworthy. GIS is a short version of GISGEEH (verb) which means punish, discipline, or penalize.
“Shooting an arrow and painting a bullseye around it afterwards”
Thankyou so much for sharing!
Fascinating convo 👍🏽
The Mongol miltary was the first modern organization, minus the technology. This explains how a people numbering one million could conquer and rule an empire stretching from Korea to Russia. It boggles the mind.
Korea to Hungary
Eh, that’s debatable. Rome was arguably the first massive organized military force.
Lex: I feel like the Mongols rose up due to a warrior culture.
Dan: Addresses the baseless and ignorant point as gently as possible
His podcast on the khans was absolutely amazing. Highly recommend.
I'm re-reading Wolf of the Plains for the third tmie.. Timujin's early years before he became Khan. Recomend Conn Iggulden's books
Amazing books! Have you read the gates of Athens books by him as well?
@@stujitsu nope but will add it to my reading list.
Chingis Khaan is how you're supposed to pronounce it
Yes - Чингис
Big Chungus Khan
@@cristianquintana1795 time 2 get trampled by horses
God damn i love listening to Dan
My sub conscious self thanks Dan Carlin for being the best history teacher.
Punic Nightmares parts 1-3 are probably my favorite hardcore history episodes.
To say it was just skill on horseback that made them so different isn’t doing them justice. Their advanced logistical structure and ability to travel deep into enemy territory without long supply lines was massive. They were elite in more than just combat.
They used the grassy steppes to feed their vast herds and tribute from vassals to feed their hordes.
These two together 🔥🔥
Thiiiis is a dope vid, always loved hardcore history
love Dan Carlins podcast I’ve learned alot
Dan Carlin is an amazing historian & story teller. I’m surprised he isn’t more popular
I learned everything I know from conn iggledon books about Genghis and Julius. I know it’s not truly accurate but they were good reads.
I think Dan is great but I just have nostalgia of reading the books from when I was a kid.
This is great!
I've been writing about some wrestling stories lately. Back in 82 or 83 when I first started watching wrestling my parents began buying me figures, ring & wrestling merch. Writing this this wrestling stuff in last couple days reminded me of about 3years ago. Danny Coker from Counts Kustoms & his crew talked to me thru the frequency on the tablet on TH-cam. I remember he said something like I wasn't a real wrestling fan for saying what I was saying about what Rowdy Roddy Piper told me. At that time I figured out other people I thought hacked my tablet, me Gmail, my identity was stolen. Those guys knew stuff that was being sent to me on my tablet about this stuff, stuff I hadn't said yet & I think they said they knew stuff about it that I don't know.
They were amazingly adaptive as well, anything they came across that was superior to their own equipment or tactics was assimilated and used going ahead.
That’s a common theme in all large Empires. Rome was also notorious for assimilating other cultures and technology into their own.
Actually their weapons were not primitive. They were at the apex of their time. They were using compound bows. They learned and used the weapons of those they conquered, eventually including siege engines like catapults. They also regularly used one of the most formidable weapons of all -- the threat of annihilation down to the last man, woman, and child if surrender was not immediate. And they carried it out enough that often there was not even a battle to be fought. And ... they had the stirrup, a seemingly quite simple but actually profound advance.
He was talking about Comanches in that part.
This was so darn interesting.
Good interview
So Genghis was basically Thanos.
Russo brothers mentioned in their interview that Thanos was inspired by Genghis khan.
@@kumosi9437 no kidding? I didn't know that, cool fun fact.
@@brad4231 th-cam.com/video/tFuM1j1t7k0/w-d-xo.html
Watch this, they say it somewhere I forgot exactly what min they say it.
Yes, Attila was badass as well... xiongnu is thought to be the original people huns / Mongols descended from
@@wolfgangkranek376 I can tell you haven’t read any serious history books on the Mongol Khans.
From Temugin to Tenzin, the only true battles are within
Yeahhh... The Mongols series by Dan Carlin is epic!
These clips are amazing lex love this channel! Also holy crap i always picture Carlin so different because of his voice on the podcast
I can only imagine the immensity and vast expanse of the monggol empire during it's peak. Greetings from the Philippine Khanate. 🇵🇭
Actually his real name is Temujin, when you call him gangis khan your referring to the king of kings.
Well I know which one I would call him to his face
I think it was in Conn Iggulden's series that I read Genghis Khan translated as something to the effect of "King of the Ocean of Grass (on plains)." I like that interpretation.
More like a universal king which has been given to him from the blue sky. It is more like a status name.
@@shinobifirecracker6671 I think you're thinking of translation. Interpretation is the action of explaining something meaning there can be more than one way to explain something.
I saw a video a few years ago that claimed the name Gengis Khan translated to "warrior of christ" I have been unable to find it since
very insightful great episode
Dan carlins podcasts are the best in the world. Nothing comes close
All the conquerors in history, there's an Asian guy who did it better.
Nope. He lost many times. Alexander never lost, Napoleon lost a few times but also fought many more battles. Genghis appears nowhere on the greatest military geniuses of all time list.
Cyrus the great never lost any battle. Your Alexander lost some battles in persia, and he also lost some battles in india
Always an Asian killin' it more, Bruzz.. ":^)
*central Asian/east Asian
Maybe in terms of sheer mass of territory but thats down to the asian lands mass size.
The more impressive foes faced or battles won count.
Genghis Khan is without a doubt in the top three of all time.
I find myself amazed with how Mongol men could spend so much time on horseback with, I assume, minimal to no saddle support and still remain fruitful enough to spread the Mongol DNA as far and wide as they did! 😂
🤣 Maybe their loose clothing clothing helped them to remain so. If you look at modern day equestrians, the normal etiquette would be to wear tight pants in order to wear their boots; and you as a man, know the problems that could arise from tight pants. Maybe? 🫠
mongols had saddles, and stirrups, they weren't savages like the native americans lol
Lmao
@@randall172 you know most part of native american tribes come from Mongolia / Siberia right ?🤦♂
@@dotdotdotdotdash no they don't, their ancestors traveled through that area tens of thousands of years before they settled throughout the americas.
their ancestors that stayed in now mongolia/siberia were wiped out by the turkic tribes who were the first to bring domesticated horses to the region, and when i say wiped out i mean complete annihilation.
Conn Iggulden's book series on Ghengis is awesome
One of my favourite podcasts wrath of the khans.
The film Mongols really open my eyes to understand how Temudjin, Khan's birth name, had to fight his way out and up of his oppressive situation. He was brutal, either to show that he was in charged or out of his principles and laws. No one could have united Mongolia by not being him. Apparently, he would offer his enemies or traitors options and let them decide their own fate.
that movie visually it was great but historical accuracy was terrible.tribes clothes,way of living,even the pulling their bow string was wrong 😂
My man said “I’ve read that he was loved in Mongolia” 😑😑😑
The vibe I get from this guy is ; I'm going to tell you exactly what you want to hear. #bereal
that was very informative
crazy to think that Lex continues to interview from a hotel room, right in front of the door that always stays locked.
crazy why?
Gengis Khan was what he needed to be at the moment of making a decision.
Behind every great leader is a loving woman, I’d say this speaks volume in Chinggis Khaan’s case
This is life changing knowledge.
As a descendent of Mongols, correcting the right pronunciation right from the start Dan well deserved my like.
Hi.do you know how far back Mongolian throat.music goes
That’s a strange place for a table.
great stuff
Very interesting
European historians glorify Alexander “The Great,” and vilify Ghaghis Khan. In fact European conquerors cruelty was and is legendary.
The Khans cruelty was always a tactical action not an emotional one. Burn one city, the rest surrenders.
Not really. Asian historians also vilify Khan.
Genghis khan is admired in the west, for his achivements, but no other has been so brutal. China's population during Genghis lifetime plumeted 10's of millions, he may have reduced the population of the Khwarezmid Empire by 75%. Who kills 75% of the people he means to govern and collect taxes from? Unless it's rage and extermination. He was furious of the slights that the Shah gave him. All in all, historians estimate that he's responsible for around 40 million death's. Now every conqueror has many lives on their conscience, but 40 million in the middle ages, that's got to be the highest of any. I would like to hear of comparable European conquerors.
@@bakabaka3281 During the invasion of Kwarazmian Empire he did not settle with burning one city, it was mass slaughter of perhaps almost every city. The population may have been reduced by as much as 75%. That's extermination, that's not putting a few to the torch for the rest to surrender. Afther Genghis khan's death, the russian princes had similar fate, entire cities anilhiated, half the population of Kievan Rus was dead by the time the Mongols left, and they would continue to prey on them for centuries after, collecting taxes and slaves.
The only cruel guy that Western Europeans glorify is probably TImur, and that's because Western Europeans and Timur kept sending each other gifts. And every time he killed one of their enemies they were his biggest cheerleaders, so much so that he considered the King of Spain as a father would see a son. If they had any idea of what Timur was doing I don't think history would be as favorable especially cheerleading what would've been his devastating campaign in China.
Love the movie mongol, highly recommend if you don’t mind subtitles
Idk why or why but LEX became the new jre after he left. I get suggested clips non stop. Keep going man good luck
As a Mongolian, the main ideology can be formulated as such: The Laws of Tengri “The Sky Immortal” was to be established on Earth and the life and deeds of Temujin was pre-ordained to bring into force the Laws of Tengri on Earth, which reigned supreme. Any force that dared to stand in the way was met with the fullest extent of those who swore fealty to the Laws of Tengri.
So basically the Mongols were the Dothraki