Early Jurassic Ichthyosaurs are really something. They may no have the size or diversity of their Triassic forerunners, but have truly fine-tuned their marine adaptations and became masters of the ocean. Also Temnodontosaurus are truly underrated super predators, and while other fan favorites often turn out to be overblown, these things just get bigger and more terrifying.
@@prince_yt3406 Mainstream media has rarely included icthyosaurs as often as dinosaurs or plesiosaurs, icthyosaurs are well known among paleontologists for their early discoveries by Mary Anning, but a majority of average people I've spoken with have never heard of them, in contrast to plesiosaurs
I love how using evidence of a vertibrate we found of a icthyosaur makes it the same size maybe bigger than megalodon so if I don't see a big ass icthyosaur in the next jurrasic world imma be pissed
The are a few other interesting differences between ichthyosauss and cetaceans. While for cetaceans are very vocal animals, ichthyosaurs have highly ossified ear bones and some of them might even be deaf. They might, however, have other means of detecting vibration in the water. And while whales and dolphins have closed nostrils and have lost their sense of smell, ichthyosaurs do not close their nostrils and have highly developed underwater smell. This, coupled with their huge eyes, makes the swordfish analogy really helpful.
Wait... I thought cetaceans couldn't smell because they'd drown if they tried. Were icthyosaurs like that one species of mole that can smell underwater by blowing bubbles?
Hello everybody, I hope you all are doing well. At long last the convergent evolution video is complete. This project is a bit shorter than usual but nonetheless I hope you all enjoy the video! Also I'll be updating you guys on the patreon page I've been working on for the channel. A lot of planning has gone into this so I'm able to give back to y'all for your support!
@Baldhina Asnake yes. Regional variants are based on evolution through speciation, but they are still listed as the same species, which makes it a subspecies.
This reminds me of a biology textbook my grandpa had when he was in college. There is a section that mentions and briefly explains convergent evolution and there was a triangle with a shark, a dolphin, and a "fish-lizard" which cracks me up when I think of it.
I've loved Icthyosaurs since I first saw WWD, I'm glad to see them get more attention, and it is crazy how little we still know about them or their origins.
Orcas are another example of countershaded dolphins, although I don't know if they're being counted here as dolphins, but they're technically actually the largest species of dolphin rather than a separate lineage.
4:25 what's fascinating about having blubber and being warm blooded is that it not changes the notion that reptiles are solely cold blooded, is shows that this body plan was used several times (especially in the evolution of birds and mammals). It also gives insight of the temperature of its environment
As always a magnificent job jack! Convergent evolution is a topic that is not only intriguing but highly explanatory for bodyplans & behavior traits. Covering it was a wonderful choice! PS: Can't really decide a favorite species for the species in the video however, as a whole my favorites would be: Cetaceans: Beluga Whale Ichthyosauria: Shonisaurus
Just wanted to say I found you on Twitter in the nature/dinosaur community and I absolutely love your videos. It's a calm backdrop to listen to during all of the political unrest.
1:44 Orcas _are_ dolphins. Some types (which may be different species or subspecies) specialize in hunting marine mammals while other types only eat fish. I've seen videos of Pacific white-sided dolphins swimming alongside resident (fish-eating) Orcas as well as videos of Pacific white-sided dolphins stampeding in fear away from transient (marine mammal-hunting) Orcas. The smaller dolphins know the difference.
Giving live birth is actually the norm for marine reptiles-plesiosaurs and mosasaurs did it as well, as do true sea snakes. It's that sea turtles are unusual in laying eggs.
@@NaturesCompendium It's one of the distinguishing features between true sea snakes and sea kraits; sea kraits lay eggs and are semiaquatic, but sea snakes are fully aquatic and give live birth.
Thank goodness I wasn't the only one who thought they looked similar. Even as a child when I read dinosaur books, I've always mistaken icthyosaurs for dolphins lmao.
Very well done video 👍 didn’t know we know babies ichthyosaur were darker than adults, I thought the darker coloration was found in another species that hunt in deeper water
That was fantastic, Fahim! I wonder if ichthyosaurs somehow survive back then, they'll almost completely lose their hind legs just like whales did... As far as I know, the hind legs of late ichthyosaurs were (far?) more smaller than their early relatives', right?
@@NaturesCompendium Hoping for Ophthalmosaurus due to Walking with Dinosaurs nostalgia and some more unique ones like Cymbospondylus or Shastasaurus. Quite surprised you didn’t mention the latter in this video, it being the all time biggest marine reptile and all.
I once heard that convergent evolution is like your teacher saying that you were cheating bc you have the same answers but it's really just bc u took the SAME test
Chaohusaurus, tho I may have been mistaken. There is fossil evidence of them giving birth to live young, but they may have done so on land instead of in the ocean as I portrayed here. www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2014/02/13/276568604/fossil-shows-triassic-era-sea-creature-gave-birth-on-land
@@NaturesCompendium what I meant to ask was that is Chaohusaurus a species or genus of ichthyosaur? I think that it's a genus - separate from other genera and valid - not a species of ichthyosaur.
isn't the tail fluke orientation another indicator of where the animal is on the evolutionary tree? I recall reading somewhere that mammals have evolved to be better at flexing their body vertically so the cetaceans and sirenians all evolved horizontal flukes. reptiles on the other hand retained superior side-to-side flexion of their amphibian and fish ancestors
"Convergent Evolution" is my favorite scientific concept. Why? Because it is what drives the biodiversity in all my favorite sci-fi universes. Star Trek and Star Wars both feature bi-pedal creatures with arms and legs. This is of course because those are costumes with humans inside and putting humans inside a costume NOT shaped like a human would be painful for the actor. Directors try not to do that, otherwise they risk being blacklisted by the stuntmen's guild for being difficult to work with. But I enjoy these movies because they allow my mind to wander into the "what if' of space travel. Naturally, I assume that alien life will be as different from us as we are from the octopus. But what if life on other planets in other solar systems in other universes evolved to have a body shape like ours? And what if their brains were located in their heads and therefore of similar size and complexity as ours? Sufficiently enough like ours that communication is possible? Oh what we could learn from them! As long as they aren't bent on conquest, of course. So many actual theorists have said that alien lie sufficiently advanced to discover a way to travel the vast distances necessary to visit our planet will be explorers and not conquistadors. But, of course, there are those who ask what if they became interstellar travelers specifically to plunder other worlds, like the ones depicted in Independence Day or War Of The Worlds? It is these questions to which I set my mind after watching sci-fi movies.
In fact, there's a chapter in the original War of the Worlds novel where the Narrator speculates that the Martians could have looked like us, before turning into some kind of cephalopods, being their tentacles vestigial arms and fingers
A spinal segment of the Ichthyosaur was discovered behind my yard in Ely Cambs and the real lock ness monster was discovered in Stretham 7 miles away from Ely
Love this episode on the unique group of marine reptiles that are ichthyosaurs. Here's a 90's animation of them: m.th-cam.com/video/xvHsOVQ5uSA/w-d-xo.html
Here's the real question, what would happen if icthyosaurs never went extinct and survived the K-T mass extinction event? Would dolphins and orcas evolve?
Dude what are you talking about?? They do not look similar at all. The Ichthyosaurus has a vertical tail that moves side to side while the common bottlenose dolphin has a horizontal tail that it moves up and down. The Ichthyosaurus also has back flippers and the common bottlenose does not, nor any other cetacean. And most cetaceans today don't have that long of a beak or that big of eyes.
"" Dolphins are hunted by Orca's" Orca are dolphins ." - what an inanely flawed comment. Nothing about that statement even remotely suggests or claims orcas are not dolphins. It is only stating that dolphins are hunted by an animal called an orca. It is of no relevance that the orca is itself an dolphin. Engage your brain. - here's another example; "sharks are hunted by bull sharks". Now, does that imply bull sharks are not sharks? No! It is informing you that the bull shark eats sharks, that it is a shark itself is not relevant.
If scientists wanted to know if ichthyosaurus take care of it's babies, bring it back from extinction. Actually you know what, bring the ichthyosaurus back from extinction. Except for Temndontosaurus it can stay extinct
I never thought a channel so serious about animal history would say, “thick with three c’s” in such a serious tone
Sometimes you just gotta get the point across :P
Hi@@NaturesCompendium, I'm a biologist
Early Jurassic Ichthyosaurs are really something. They may no have the size or diversity of their Triassic forerunners, but have truly fine-tuned their marine adaptations and became masters of the ocean. Also Temnodontosaurus are truly underrated super predators, and while other fan favorites often turn out to be overblown, these things just get bigger and more terrifying.
Icthyosaur are underrated and underrepresented in popular media imo. Love my lizardolphins
Wdym ichtyhosaurus are one of the most famous
@@prince_yt3406 Mainstream media has rarely included icthyosaurs as often as dinosaurs or plesiosaurs, icthyosaurs are well known among paleontologists for their early discoveries by Mary Anning, but a majority of average people I've spoken with have never heard of them, in contrast to plesiosaurs
Birdolphins
I love how using evidence of a vertibrate we found of a icthyosaur makes it the same size maybe bigger than megalodon so if I don't see a big ass icthyosaur in the next jurrasic world imma be pissed
I wish they didnt go extinct itd so cool
Dolphin: what's are you?
Icthyosaurus : I'm you but cooler.
*also this video is good.*
Also it was funny when you said Thick(with 3 C),also my favorite was the Icthyosaurus.
Probably my favorite comment for this video so far 🤣
Awww,thx
Ok but one of them has intelligence and echolocation and it’s not the ichthyosaur
I mean, ichyosaurus are hopefully not rapists
The are a few other interesting differences between ichthyosauss and cetaceans. While for cetaceans are very vocal animals, ichthyosaurs have highly ossified ear bones and some of them might even be deaf. They might, however, have other means of detecting vibration in the water. And while whales and dolphins have closed nostrils and have lost their sense of smell, ichthyosaurs do not close their nostrils and have highly developed underwater smell. This, coupled with their huge eyes, makes the swordfish analogy really helpful.
So this implies that ichthyosaurs were probably mute
Are ichthyosaurs marine lizards, such as Mosasaurus and Lasamosaurus?
Wait... I thought cetaceans couldn't smell because they'd drown if they tried. Were icthyosaurs like that one species of mole that can smell underwater by blowing bubbles?
Hello everybody, I hope you all are doing well. At long last the convergent evolution video is complete. This project is a bit shorter than usual but nonetheless I hope you all enjoy the video!
Also I'll be updating you guys on the patreon page I've been working on for the channel. A lot of planning has gone into this so I'm able to give back to y'all for your support!
Sweet.
What about a video on the ‘Metriorhynchids’?
Regional Forms before Pokémon made it cool
Regional forms are subspecies
Yeah basically that
@Baldhina Asnake yea they are
@Baldhina Asnake yes they are.
@Baldhina Asnake yes. Regional variants are based on evolution through speciation, but they are still listed as the same species, which makes it a subspecies.
This reminds me of a biology textbook my grandpa had when he was in college. There is a section that mentions and briefly explains convergent evolution and there was a triangle with a shark, a dolphin, and a "fish-lizard" which cracks me up when I think of it.
I've loved Icthyosaurs since I first saw WWD, I'm glad to see them get more attention, and it is crazy how little we still know about them or their origins.
It's also crazy how much we do know about them thanks to very well preserved specimens :)
Orcas are another example of countershaded dolphins, although I don't know if they're being counted here as dolphins, but they're technically actually the largest species of dolphin rather than a separate lineage.
4:25 what's fascinating about having blubber and being warm blooded is that it not changes the notion that reptiles are solely cold blooded, is shows that this body plan was used several times (especially in the evolution of birds and mammals). It also gives insight of the temperature of its environment
Fantastic video. This should really be more popular
Thanks! Be sure to share with the homies, every bit helps 🤗
Great video! Definitely worth the wait. :)
Glad you think so!
As always a magnificent job jack!
Convergent evolution is a topic that is not only intriguing but highly explanatory for bodyplans & behavior traits. Covering it was a wonderful choice!
PS: Can't really decide a favorite species for the species in the video however, as a whole my favorites would be:
Cetaceans: Beluga Whale
Ichthyosauria: Shonisaurus
Convergent Evolution is so cool because of the fact species millions of years apart can be so similar, history most certainly repeats itself.
Its almost as if Nature NEEDS these body plans to exist and occupy specific roles in order to ensure the proper function of an ecosystem.
Just wanted to say I found you on Twitter in the nature/dinosaur community and I absolutely love your videos. It's a calm backdrop to listen to during all of the political unrest.
Thank you! I hope you'll continue to enjoy what I have coming up in these next few months :D
@@NaturesCompendium I'm looking forward to it!
This channel makes the best animations
Thank you! Glad you like them :D
A wonderful look into one of my favorite oceanic reptiles.
Excellent video!
Ichthyosaurs are very cool
Great video and amazing animation!
1:44 Orcas _are_ dolphins. Some types (which may be different species or subspecies) specialize in hunting marine mammals while other types only eat fish. I've seen videos of Pacific white-sided dolphins swimming alongside resident (fish-eating) Orcas as well as videos of Pacific white-sided dolphins stampeding in fear away from transient (marine mammal-hunting) Orcas. The smaller dolphins know the difference.
Giving live birth is actually the norm for marine reptiles-plesiosaurs and mosasaurs did it as well, as do true sea snakes. It's that sea turtles are unusual in laying eggs.
I did not know that about sea snakes! Thanks for sharing. Also I recently learned that leatherback sea turtles have blubber too :D
@@NaturesCompendium It's one of the distinguishing features between true sea snakes and sea kraits; sea kraits lay eggs and are semiaquatic, but sea snakes are fully aquatic and give live birth.
Thank you for making a video on icthyosaurs there are one of me favorite marine reptiles
Mosasaurus wants to know your location
@@Alexander_the_Alright of course i like mosas who doesn't
I loved the animation of the video!
Love these vids!
Never imagined any reptiles having blubber. Guess it's even more necessary when you're cold blooded. 👍
Leatherback sea turtles have blubber too ;)
Actually ichthyosaurs were endothermic.
@@NaturesCompendium They do?
@@NaturesCompendium wow
You make such amazing content!
Thank you!
Btw, If you didn’t tell by now, I am TheSharkThatLearnedtoWalk. Ya know, that dude from Twitter lol
Fantastic video sah!!
Thank you!
@@NaturesCompendium no need to say thanks man the best has yet to come YYYYYYYEEEEEEHEHHEHEHE(cryptkeeper laughing)
Thank goodness I wasn't the only one who thought they looked similar. Even as a child when I read dinosaur books, I've always mistaken icthyosaurs for dolphins lmao.
Another great video with well placed jokes; a sequel convergence of two species comparison down the line would also be a potential great idea
First by the way awesome video
Very well done video 👍 didn’t know we know babies ichthyosaur were darker than adults, I thought the darker coloration was found in another species that hunt in deeper water
Basically back then,you wouldn't be made laugh at,for calling a dolphin a fish.
Also love the narration vas always,and the animation was great too.
They've recently found some gigantic ichthyosaurs in the UK, i wonder if they were filter feeders
The ichthyosaurus looks cuter than a normal dolphin
Dr Steven Jay Gould's favorite example of convergent evolution example is between icthyosaurus and dolphins
New channel to binge ❤️
That was fantastic, Fahim! I wonder if ichthyosaurs somehow survive back then, they'll almost completely lose their hind legs just like whales did... As far as I know, the hind legs of late ichthyosaurs were (far?) more smaller than their early relatives', right?
I'd say it's very possible
Can you do a cover on pliosaurs? They do not get highlighted . it is usually mosasaurs that get exposure.
My fav is leedsicthys, there’s always a bigger fish
Leedsichthys is such an awesome and underrated animal in my opinion
Think we’ll see any other ichthyosaurs get into Prehistoric Kingdom after launch, or just Ichthyosaurus itself?
I sure hope so!
@@NaturesCompendium
Hoping for Ophthalmosaurus due to Walking with Dinosaurs nostalgia and some more unique ones like Cymbospondylus or Shastasaurus. Quite surprised you didn’t mention the latter in this video, it being the all time biggest marine reptile and all.
Perhaps if reptiles rule the world once again. A big if, though.
Btw when an ichthyosaurus in some species like ophthalmosaurus reaches adult age they lose all of their teeth
river dolphin skulls and crocodiles are a pretty good example
I like those cute biggggg eyes.....the animation is sooo cute too...thanks for the infos...love from India.
Thank you! Love from Houston (My family is from Bangladesh :D)
I once heard that convergent evolution is like your teacher saying that you were cheating bc you have the same answers but it's really just bc u took the SAME test
That's an interesting analogy!
Cool video 🙂👍
Thank you!
Nice. Can you add subtitles?
But did they use echo location as well?
Excellent
Thank you! Cheers!
Sometime I don't understand why some peoples stating that prehistoric animals don't exist at all. What should I say to them? Any idea?
Nothing. They don't deserve the attention
4:35
Species or genus?
Chaohusaurus, tho I may have been mistaken. There is fossil evidence of them giving birth to live young, but they may have done so on land instead of in the ocean as I portrayed here. www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2014/02/13/276568604/fossil-shows-triassic-era-sea-creature-gave-birth-on-land
@@NaturesCompendium what I meant to ask was that is Chaohusaurus a species or genus of ichthyosaur? I think that it's a genus - separate from other genera and valid - not a species of ichthyosaur.
isn't the tail fluke orientation another indicator of where the animal is on the evolutionary tree? I recall reading somewhere that mammals have evolved to be better at flexing their body vertically so the cetaceans and sirenians all evolved horizontal flukes. reptiles on the other hand retained superior side-to-side flexion of their amphibian and fish ancestors
"Convergent Evolution" is my favorite scientific concept. Why? Because it is what drives the biodiversity in all my favorite sci-fi universes. Star Trek and Star Wars both feature bi-pedal creatures with arms and legs. This is of course because those are costumes with humans inside and putting humans inside a costume NOT shaped like a human would be painful for the actor. Directors try not to do that, otherwise they risk being blacklisted by the stuntmen's guild for being difficult to work with. But I enjoy these movies because they allow my mind to wander into the "what if' of space travel.
Naturally, I assume that alien life will be as different from us as we are from the octopus. But what if life on other planets in other solar systems in other universes evolved to have a body shape like ours? And what if their brains were located in their heads and therefore of similar size and complexity as ours? Sufficiently enough like ours that communication is possible? Oh what we could learn from them! As long as they aren't bent on conquest, of course. So many actual theorists have said that alien lie sufficiently advanced to discover a way to travel the vast distances necessary to visit our planet will be explorers and not conquistadors. But, of course, there are those who ask what if they became interstellar travelers specifically to plunder other worlds, like the ones depicted in Independence Day or War Of The Worlds? It is these questions to which I set my mind after watching sci-fi movies.
In fact, there's a chapter in the original War of the Worlds novel where the Narrator speculates that the Martians could have looked like us, before turning into some kind of cephalopods, being their tentacles vestigial arms and fingers
Neat.
So according to this, it’s actually likely that if we ever find intelligent alien, it might be humanoid/bipedal?
Possible?
Yes
Likely
No
Happy Halloween
What is up with shastasaurus?
My favorite ex is the basking and megamouth sharks
Where are your older videos of Jurassic Park/World scientifically accurate Dinosaurs?
Got rid of them since they weren't animations. Will start again next year with Spinosaurus, Pteranodon, and maybe Nasutocertops.
@@NaturesCompendium but they were really interesting and fun to watch
A spinal segment of the Ichthyosaur was discovered behind my yard in Ely Cambs and the real lock ness monster was discovered in Stretham 7 miles away from Ely
I wonder if Ichtyosaurs were also as intelligent as modern day dolphins
Is there anything known about their brains?
Nothing that I'm aware of as of now. Would be very interesting though if we do find material related to their brains!
What if one of the large icthyosaurs fought mosasaurus and shastasaurus was the largest icthyosaur at over 20 meters
Love this episode on the unique group of marine reptiles that are ichthyosaurs. Here's a 90's animation of them:
m.th-cam.com/video/xvHsOVQ5uSA/w-d-xo.html
Very different senses though. Dolphins have their advanced sonar, while ichthyosaurs relied on their advanced sight.
Dimetrodon and Spinosaurus
Ankylosaurus and Didicurious
Here's the real question, what would happen if icthyosaurs never went extinct and survived the K-T mass extinction event? Would dolphins and orcas evolve?
I think cetaceans will never evolve because of ichthyosaurus
Weren't icthyosaurs already extinct when the K-T Event happened?
Ichthyosaurs. Basically cetaceans before there were cetaceans.
🔥🔥🔥
😎🤙🏾
I think they also are convergantltly evolved with sharks
Yes
With the pursuit-hunting sharks like great whites or makos, specifically.
@@bkjeong4302 yes
Yes
ICHTHYOSAURIA LOOKS LIKE A SWORD-FISH
www.paleophilatelie.eu/topics/paleo/vertebrate/ichthyosaur.html - you might like this article about the History of Ichthyosaurs Discovery
Thank you!
Makes a good argument for hidden lizard people
these features will exist in other oceans on other worlds..
I wonder if the same could be said about cephalopods like squid, since a lot of alien creature designs take inspiration from their tentacles.\
Chiroptera and Pterodactlys
0:28 perhaps I could in the future
A creature a look like Sort of like Mirror Gag of it
Dolphin - Ichthyosaur
Whale - Mosasaur
Porpoise - Plesiosaur
Why the baby ichthiosaurs in this animation has smaller eyes than of adults
Isn't spouse to be the opposite
Because y'know eyes don't grow up
Earth "I'm going to make these cute smart sea animals and kill them"
*does so*
Earth "...."
"Want to see me do it again?"
Bagus
Poor itchyosaurs
They can’t scratch that itch they got
I’ll see myself out
Dolphin looks thicker than Stenopterygius cyoot ;)
megalania y komodo dragon
itchtyosaurus are size like a dolphin
Dude what are you talking about?? They do not look similar at all. The Ichthyosaurus has a vertical tail that moves side to side while the common bottlenose dolphin has a horizontal tail that it moves up and down. The Ichthyosaurus also has back flippers and the common bottlenose does not, nor any other cetacean. And most cetaceans today don't have that long of a beak or that big of eyes.
Dolphin did look like icthyosaurus
Obligatory comment for the TH-cam Algorithm gods
The dolphins that are reptiles:
So lizard people are still theoretically possible?
Probably not if people still assumed they evolved from Troodontids, since we now know those animals were very feathered.
Explains why superman looks human.
Creaking Skull
90 million years ... Difficult to fathom !
But just in body plan, Ichthyosaurs were probably not intelligent and not living in social family groups.
Agreed. Still interesting to see how they ended up evolving blubber before cetaceans came around
" Dolphins are hunted by Orca's" Orca are dolphins .
"" Dolphins are hunted by Orca's" Orca are dolphins ."
- what an inanely flawed comment. Nothing about that statement even remotely suggests or claims orcas are not dolphins. It is only stating that dolphins are hunted by an animal called an orca. It is of no relevance that the orca is itself an dolphin. Engage your brain.
- here's another example; "sharks are hunted by bull sharks". Now, does that imply bull sharks are not sharks? No! It is informing you that the bull shark eats sharks, that it is a shark itself is not relevant.
I never would have thought that I would ever hear ichthyosaurs called thiccc. Especially not with 3 C's
Like Ichthyosaurs, ceteceans will also become extinct
🙄🙄
Will you mewy me? uwu
Never
@@NaturesCompendium I'll cry
THEY NOT LOOK SIMILAR TO ME...
Dolphins are just wannabe Ichthyosaurs. You can't change my mind 😤
Can't argue with facts
If scientists wanted to know if ichthyosaurus take care of it's babies, bring it back from extinction. Actually you know what, bring the ichthyosaurus back from extinction. Except for Temndontosaurus it can stay extinct