what's about the people like me sick after the vaccine.We are vaccine Injured and we are still sufferings what happen with our bodies. Why we get bad reaction if it is so safe like you said it .
How unique is the frameshifting element in SARS-CoV-2 RNA? How likely is it that the same frameshifting element exists in some of our own functional RNA which we would not want to be destroyed?
Hi Howard, thanks for your question! As you suggest, it is important that the C5 compound be selective for the SARS-CoV-2 RNA so that the C5-RIBOTAC does not annihilate endogenous mRNA. The video did not get into this part of the research, but the publication addresses this question. The research team synthesized a molecule they called C5-Chem-CLIP which covalently attaches C5 to an alkylating agent (chlorambucil) and biotin which permits easy “pull-down” (isolation by chromatography). This C5-Chem-CLIP tool allowed the C5 to bind to the attenuator hairpin (AH), then alkylated it (formed a covalent bond to it) and then, using avidin beads, to isolate whatever is alkylated. With C5-Chem-CLIP they were able to pull down SARS-CoV2 RNA. This is evidence of molecular target engagement. They also showed that C5 was competitive with C5-Chem-CLIP signifying that they bound to the same AH pocket. The C5-Chem-CLIP did not pull down a related viral RNA from SARS coronavirus. The next step (and most relevant to your question) they incubated C5-Chem-CLIP with a human cell line (HEK293T cells) and demonstrated that only SARS CoV-2 RNA was pulled down and no other mRNA transcripts among 50 highly expressed mRNAs were pulled down (Figure 3D in the paper). This experiment and many other control experiments are not covered in the video. The paper is open access (Thanks American Chemical Society!) and a link to the paper is in the description of the video.
@@gospelslive1280 Hi, thanks for watching the video and giving it some thought. There's a lot of arcane terminology in the paper and science in general. The fact that you are reading, thinking and asking a question is a sign that you are highly intelligent. To your question--the use of biotin is a common technique which biochemists use. Biotin has high affinity for avidin (or streptavidin), meaning that it binds very tightly. So if you attach a biotin molecule to a protein or other substance, you can easily isolate it ("pull it down" in the jargon) using solid beads that are coated with avidin.
After the RNA is translated to protein, it is degraded in the cell by the exosome complex. Usually the half-life of mRNA is eukaryotic cells is several hours.
@@ScienceSketch Oh okay I meant the nano technology that you spoke about which will protect the mRna to get into the cell in the previous video! Where does it go after the Rna successfully get into the cell?
I don't have any direct information about how the lipid nanoparticles are cleared from the body. Some of them are going to be taken up by cells through endocytosis, and the lipid components will be metabolized using endogenous pathways. Some will be gobbled up by macrophages. Other organ systems involved in clearance would be lymphatic elimination, in addition to liver and spleen clearance.
holy shit, this is phenomenal stuff!
Thanks very much, Quinton!
what's about the people like me sick after the vaccine.We are vaccine Injured and we are still sufferings what happen with our bodies. Why we get bad reaction if it is so safe like you said it .
How unique is the frameshifting element in SARS-CoV-2 RNA? How likely is it that the same frameshifting element exists in some of our own functional RNA which we would not want to be destroyed?
Hi Howard, thanks for your question!
As you suggest, it is important that the C5 compound be selective for the SARS-CoV-2 RNA so that the C5-RIBOTAC does not annihilate endogenous mRNA. The video did not get into this part of the research, but the publication addresses this question. The research team synthesized a molecule they called C5-Chem-CLIP which covalently attaches C5 to an alkylating agent (chlorambucil) and biotin which permits easy “pull-down” (isolation by chromatography). This C5-Chem-CLIP tool allowed the C5 to bind to the attenuator hairpin (AH), then alkylated it (formed a covalent bond to it) and then, using avidin beads, to isolate whatever is alkylated. With C5-Chem-CLIP they were able to pull down SARS-CoV2 RNA. This is evidence of molecular target engagement. They also showed that C5 was competitive with C5-Chem-CLIP signifying that they bound to the same AH pocket. The C5-Chem-CLIP did not pull down a related viral RNA from SARS coronavirus. The next step (and most relevant to your question) they incubated C5-Chem-CLIP with a human cell line (HEK293T cells) and demonstrated that only SARS CoV-2 RNA was pulled down and no other mRNA transcripts among 50 highly expressed mRNAs were pulled down (Figure 3D in the paper). This experiment and many other control experiments are not covered in the video. The paper is open access (Thanks American Chemical Society!) and a link to the paper is in the description of the video.
@@ScienceSketch can you please explain what biotin does in this, so an idiot like me can understand? I feel like I'm reading another language 😊
@@gospelslive1280 Hi, thanks for watching the video and giving it some thought. There's a lot of arcane terminology in the paper and science in general. The fact that you are reading, thinking and asking a question is a sign that you are highly intelligent. To your question--the use of biotin is a common technique which biochemists use. Biotin has high affinity for avidin (or streptavidin), meaning that it binds very tightly. So if you attach a biotin molecule to a protein or other substance, you can easily isolate it ("pull it down" in the jargon) using solid beads that are coated with avidin.
@@ScienceSketch thank you!!!!! Have you ever heard of something called "Domino Research "?
Where does the Rna go after it delivered the message in the cell?
After the RNA is translated to protein, it is degraded in the cell by the exosome complex. Usually the half-life of mRNA is eukaryotic cells is several hours.
@@ScienceSketch Thank you very much for replying to me and that quickly!
Another one.... What about the nanobots where they go?
Hi, I am not sure what you mean by the nanobots.
@@ScienceSketch Oh okay I meant the nano technology that you spoke about which will protect the mRna to get into the cell in the previous video! Where does it go after the Rna successfully get into the cell?
I don't have any direct information about how the lipid nanoparticles are cleared from the body. Some of them are going to be taken up by cells through endocytosis, and the lipid components will be metabolized using endogenous pathways. Some will be gobbled up by macrophages. Other organ systems involved in clearance would be lymphatic elimination, in addition to liver and spleen clearance.
Blue Origin? You can better say "SUE Origin"