Dude, gotta admit, I thought you were just another TH-camr out for likes and subs. Turns out you are legit excited about history. Great video. You got my like and sub.
The scandinavian term would be "Uråde" meaning "unadviced". Contrary to Hardrada which would mean "Harshly Adviced". Referring to the seeming mood of each rulers style.
from what I understand, Mary 1st was named Bloody Mary due to the number of people she had killed during her reign. It is understood that when her father divorced her mum and married Anne Boleyn, Mary lost a lot of her Dad's favour as a loved child which only grew worse when Elizabeth was born. Mary was also not allowed to visit her mother - so a lot of religious hatred grew in her mind as she wanted to stay catholic. When she came to power she did what her dad had done years earlier which was to kill and persecute people who supported a branch of religion that didnt hold her favour. i hope this makes sense.
The country became protestant inddr Henry VIII. But when Mary who was brought up a catholic came to the throne she made the country catholic again and burned at tge stake many protestant preists.. hense bloody mary.. when her sister Elizabeth came to the throne England became protestant again... but unlike her sister she dud not persecute catholics as long as they practiced their religion discretely
I like your reaction, and knowledge! I think there were two things you missed that were mentioned during your exitement: First that the house of Windsor is not technically the house of Hannover, but the house of Saxe, Coburg and Gotha (the house from which Victoria's husband came). The house name changes AFTER a female queen, to the house of her husband. Therefore, and that's the second point, when Elizabeth II dies, Charles should officially change the name to the house his father comes from (Schleswig Holstein, the house that ruled in Greece, and still does in Denmark), just follow the purple line from Charles's father upward. But it will probably stay Windsor.
didn't Philip change his name to Mountbatten who was his "uncle" and Elizabeth's godfather, one reason Lady Elizabeth Bowls-Lyon and parliament changed to the House of Windsor so it would not become the house of Mountbatten? i think it was the queen that made sure her descendants would have the name Mountbatten-Windsor
@@stpaley Yes, she did. as to overrule what i wrote earlier as the 'normal' way of doing things. Whatever normal means in this context 🙂. Currently only one queen left (Marghrete of Denmark) in all the existing monarchies in Europe, the rest is all kings.
Wasn't there a big thing about the name of the future monarch back in the 50's? Parliament decided at that time that the house of Windsor should continue, for what reason they decided that I don't know however, although Prince Philip was quite adamant that all of their decendents carry the name mountbatten
The Holy Roman Emperor whom Matilda married was much older than her and he died. Divorced? No question of her popping down to Reno. She was a mere chattel and didn’t have any say in matters. Royal princesses were bargaining chips in political alliances. She was then married off to a teenager, Geoffrey of Anjou.
I think she was more than that. Henry I wanted her to succeed him, remember, and made his nobles swear to support her in becoming Queen Regnant after his death. At the time nobody would have been surprised if he'd passed her over in favour of his nephew, Stephen or even suggested her husband become King, either as a sole monarch or jointly with her. He even had an illegitimate son, Robert of Gloucester who was highly respected by the Norman nobility who he could have put forward as his successor, we're only 2 generations away from William the Bastard after all. But he didn't. He chose her. By all historical accounts, she was a very strong minded, determined woman, if somewhat prickly. And she didn't lose the civil war. There was a negotiated settlement. Stephen would be King during his lifetime but he would be succeeded by her son, Henry II.
@@wellingboroughanddistrictu3a agreed - that’s only after her father didn’t have a son and he’d sent her off to marry the biggest available catch in Europe. There was no way she was ruling England if she was the HR Empress.
@@wellingboroughanddistrictu3a I think I’m pretty sure I must’ve read somewhere that William the conqueror or William I didn’t at all like anyone calling him “bastard”
Queen Elizabeth I had her COUSIN, Mary Queen of Scots, beheaded. Mary Queen of Scots (a Catholic) wore a red under garment at her beheading as a sign of martyrdom to other Catholics. You have her confused with Queen Elizabeth's HALF SISTER, Queen Mary (also a Catholic), who was known as Bloody Mary because of the amount of Protestants she had burnt at the stake during her reign. Also Queen Elizabeth I famously NEVER married during her life despite mounting pressure from advisors around her. Great channel by the way. :-D
21:31 Yes, but only by marriage. Kaiser Wilhelm II's mother was Elizabeth II's great grandfather Edward VIII's sister. This sister married Kaiser Frederick III, who reigned for just 99 days. Frederick III was a great-great grandson of Frederick the Great's nephew. Also, Kaiser Wilhelm II was the first cousin twice removed of Elizabeth II (Grandchild of Wilhelm's 1st cousin George V), both being descendants of Victoria. Interestingly, Wilhelm's sister was the aunt of Prince Philip by marriage to Constantine I of Greece.
Elizabeth 1st was badly affected by smallpox in her 20s and left badly scarred, so took to wearing white lead based makeup, hence the white look she has.
The reason for Queen Elisabeth's "super pale face" (apart from her being ginger) is that, at that time, it was extremely popular among courtiers to wear full makeup with an extremely white lead based foundation (which, yes, gave them lead poisoning but they didn't know).
Matilda left England aged 8 and went to live at the Imperial court, and married the emperor when she was 12 and he was 28. The Emperor died when she was 23 so she returned to England, and then when she was 25 she was married off again to Geoffrey, who was 14!
If you think the English monarchy chart is confusing when they go up generations and start again, you should see the French one. At least in England, the female line was allowed. In France, it was strictly male only, so at one point, they had to go back hundreds of years to find an unbroken male line.
Queen Victoria was one of my favorites too❤ She and Prince Albert had 9 children. Her granddaughter was the wife of Czar Nicholas of Russia. Her Grandson was Kieser William if Germany etc.
Victoria married Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, hence the line's name changed from Hanover to the house of Saxe-Coburg Gotha. THAT was the name that changed to Windsor. Similarly, Elizabeth ii married Phillip Mountbatten, which itself was a not very subtle change from another German name, Battenburg. I assume (not sure!!) That Charles' line should technically be Mountbatten, his father's name, but the Queen wants him to keep Windsor. 🤯
@@gaynor1721 my apologies for the misspelling, I should have checked. Re Saxe-Coburg Gotha, I found this on the official site, royal.uk/royal-family-name : "Queen Victoria's eldest son Edward VII belonged to the House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha (the family name of his father Prince Albert). Edward VII's son George V became the second king of that dynasty when he succeeded to the throne in 1910. In 1917, there was a radical change, when George V specifically adopted Windsor, not only as the name of the 'House' or dynasty, but also as the surname of his family. The family name was changed as a result of anti-German feeling during the First World War, and the name Windsor was adopted after the Castle of the same name." and "...if at any time any of them [Prince Charles et al] do need a surname (such as upon marriage), that surname is Mountbatten-Windsor." The surname of the family of the house of Saxe-Coburg Gotha WAS Wettin, but I cannot find any reference to that being an official surname used by the UK royal family. I am not a historian, however, merely a Googler, so I will ascribe any inaccuracies to that. 😁
@@gaynor1721 Dynastic houses are sometimes referred to by their territorial titles and sometimes by a surname or ancestor's name so both names are correct. The House of Hanover is sometimes called the House of Welf or Guelph for that reason. The Houses of York and Lancaster are cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet. The House of Anjou (hence "Angevin") is the House of Plantagenet. The House of Denmark (Sweyn Forkbeard, Canute and his heirs) is also known as the House of Gorm or the House of Knytlinga.
What should be remembered (but never is) Is that Harold Godwinson and his army had just fought his own Brother on the South Coast, Marched up to Stamford Bridge in the North Of England to defeat Harold Hardrada and then had to very quickly march South again the face William of Normandy. Had this not happened then History would have been very different as Harold was by far the better Battle Commander but his Army had already been decimated before the Battle of Hastings
So Prince Harry should just give up on the idea of ever becoming king, the more children William has the lower down the list Harry drops. And when William’s kids start having kids that’s it, Harry and his kids are pretty much cut out.
24:50 King Charles lll last name is Mountbatten-Windsor. Queen Elizabeth ll hyphenated her last name and her husbands Prince Phillip. So because of this technically he is supposed to change the name of the house to Mountbatten-Windsor because everyone who is a descendant of Queen Elizabeth ll and Phillip is Mountbatten-Windsor. But he kept just Windsor which is the last names of everyone before Charles.
4:53 There's an insurance company in Britain called Hastings Direct, and their telephone number ends 1066, which is either the best coincidence ever or more likely someone paid a lot of money to use the number! It's one of those phone numbers they sing at you so you never forget it! 😂
It's not a coincidence. I live in Hastings and Hastings Direct were based about 20 minutes away for years. All their branding is Battle of Hastings themed too.
The 1066 number is not a number with a normal Hastings area code allocated by coincidence. It is an 0800 free phone number and probably cost no more than whatever the normal charge for such numbers is.
Queen Victoria has been portrayed by Judi Dench in the 1997 film "Mrs Brown" her servant was played by the comedian Billy Connolly with unusual skill for a not well known actor. It gives a taste of the period , though other films may have given more historical detail such as the later Victoria and Abdul again with Judi Dench as Queen Victoria.
Tudor and Victorian England are my 2 favourite periods in our history 🇬🇧 Henry VIII is an interesting character although obviously a bit of a brute - Victoria and Albert were more in touch with the public I think - Queen Elizabeth I wore powdered make-up because I think her face was pockmarked after illness - she lost lots of teeth as she mistakenly thought eating sweets was good for her - in those days rich folk would buy poor people's teeth lol - and she wore wigs as she lost hair growing older - I think portrait painters made her look more attractive than she really was as they wanted to flatter her - Charles Dickens is a great recorder of life in Victorian England
There are a few times when things get confusing around the Tudors and the Stewarts. I also think is all the Mary's that confuse the issue too. Henry VIII was actually the second son, the spare. His brother Arthur was supposed to become King, but sadly he, and his bride Katherine of Aragon,(who after his death, and a special dispensation from the Pope, became Henry VIII's first wife.), caught what they think was Seating Sickness, (something that today we still have no idea what it was. It was a fast killer too, you could be fine in the morning, ill by lunch, and dead by dinner!). Luckily Katherine Survived. Henry's elder sister, Margaret, was married off to James IV of Scotland, in the hope that the fighting between the two countries would stop. After all, marrying your enemy's heir, had worked for Henry VII, when he married Elizabeth of York, and joined the Houses of York, and Lancaster, so why wouldn't it work between England and Scotland! Then after Henry was born, he had a little sister called Mary. This is where there is some confusion, Henry was close to his little sister, and named his daughter, Mary, (later Queen "Bloody" Mary), after her. Like Scotland, England was constantly and war with France, so as his father had done with his sister, Margaret, Henry VIII married his sister Mary off to King Louis XII of France in 1514. Later in 1515 her husband had died, and with her brother being King, despite Henry's promises, that she could marry who she wanted to, she knew Henry would marry her off to someone else, for a political alliance. So, when Henry sent his friend Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk to fetch her home, he did not think his little sister would talk the Duke into marrying her, especially as he had made Brandon promise he wouldn't prepose to her. Yet they did marry in secret, with the new King of France as a witness. Technically, members of the Royal family and certain Nobles marrying without the King's permission, was treason. As you can imagine, Henry was extremely ticked off, to say the least! But being the King's favourites, they survived, and went on to having several children including a son named after her brother, and a daughter, Frances. Who was the mother of Lady Jane Grey, the nine day Queen. Who was only 15-17 yrs old when she was used as a puppet. The other Mary, Queen of Scots, was the granddaughter of Princess Margaret, Henry's sister. She had been raised in France, and was also to become Queen of France, when her young husband, the Dauphin, died. She came back to Scotland, as Queen, which by then, was no longer a Catholic country, unlike her. There is SO much going on here, at this time point, marriages that she shouldn't have had, births, deaths, murder, explosions, abdication, on the run, arrest, death plots, secret messages... And still more! The Red dress you were thinking of, and thinking it was Bloody Mary, and that's why she was called that. Well, it wasn't. She got the name, because she was a Catholic, as after her father divorced her mother, the country had steadily became more and more Protestant. And both Elizabeth and her little brother Edward (VI), had been raised Protestant. So under Edward VI, a lot of Catholics had been executed, exiled and forced to convert. So when it was clear that Edward VI, who had become King aged 9, was dying aged 15, his regent and advisor, Duke of Northumberland, pursuaded Edward to change his father's will, that said it was to be Edward, then Mary and then Elizabeth. As Mary was Catholic, they didn't want her to become queen. And as Elizabeth had been declared illegitimate, and after counting out Margaret's family line, that left Mary, Dutchess of Suffolk's line, her granddaughter, Lady Jane Grey. Who had been raised Protestant. Thinking he would still have control of the crown, the Duke of Northumberland plotted with Jane's parents, and forced her to marry Guilford Dudley, the Duke of Northumberland's youngest son. Husbands controlled their wives, back then, Queen or not, and he, the Duke would control his son, and therefore the country. So Edward wrote his will, naming Jane and her (future), sons, the succession, and the Crown. Sadly, it didn't happen, and Mary, raised an army, and after 9 days of being the Queen, the men in Jane's Privy Chamber,, switched sides. Allowing Mary to become Queen. And in her wake, came the message to convert back to being Catholic, or die. Hundreds were executed either with the axe or at the stake, hense the title "Bloody" Mary. As for the Red Dress? Well that was Mary, Q of S. When she was being taken down to her execution, Mary took off her outer black velvet dress, and underneath it, she wore a red petticoat, underskirt. Sorry about the LOOONG history lesson!
Timber Wolf ,I think what you refer to was called `Sweating Sickness`. It was indeed very fast ,killed off the young healthy adults unlike many epidemics which pick off the frail and elderly . It lasted for some years ,then disappeared as mysteriously as it arrived. Reading back, I think it may have been a typo.
British history is scattered with 'What If' events, where seismic moments could have gone either way. The White Ship disaster was one of them, the Princes in the Tower was another.
Others are what if Queen Elizabeth I had married and had children? Or if Queen Mary I had had children with her husband, who became King Phillip II of Spain? Or what if King William III and Queen Mary II had children? Specifically, the ones about the two Mary's and William III. If Queen Mary I would have had children with her husband Prince Philip (the later King Phillip II of Spain), said child would have inherited both the thrones of Spain and England, likely leading to an eventual merging of Spain and England into one kingdom. Had William and Mary had children (or Mary's sister Queen Anne had any children who lived), the House of Hanover may have never reigned in England, which means no King George III. Meaning, no American Revolutionary War and no United States ever existing. At least in the form as we know it now. Also, William III was also the Stadtholder of the Netherlands, and the later Kings of the Netherlands are descended from his family. Had he and his wife Mary II had children, may we have seen a United Kingdom of Great Britain, Ireland, and the Netherlands?
Great video - By the way, your remembrance of a red dress during an beheading is correct but it was Mary Queen of Scots who wore it at her execution. Mary Tudor - Bloody Mary - was so called due to the burnings of Protestants.
Connor luv, would recommend Simon Schama'sy History of Britain either the telly series or the books. Also anything by Tracy Borman or Lucy Wolsey, both are curators of the royal palaces. Still waiting for the tour of the Tower.
Did you mean Lucy Worsley? She's my favourite TV historian. She's quite happy to tell you that her view of the facts are just her view, that other historians will have their own views, and that none of them are necessarily definitive. I like that. (And she's a tiny bit weird, which I also like.)
Wow great video ! ..I'm British and I never saw it all in this much detail before just in segments and it's so difficult to remember who is who in the past ..Thankyou for sharing
20:50 In Germany the House of Hanover ist known as the House of Welf (of which it was the main branch at that time), and one of his ancestors, Henri the Lion, married in 1168 (as his second wife) Matilda, daughter of King Henry II Plantagenet of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine, sister of Richard Lionheart. Henry the Lion was presumably born at the ancestral seat of the Welfs in Swabia (Ravensburg); his cousin was Friedrich I Barbarossa, Emperor of the HRE, who gave the Duchy of Bavaria (back) to the Welfs (which are sometimes referred to also as Guelphs, which was their name in Italy). Henry had inherited already the Duchy of Saxony, so he became a double Duke. Henry founded the cities of Munich and Lubeck (among others), but lost the ancestral seat, as his uncle Welf VI, Duke of Spoleto, bequeathed it to Friedrich I Barbarossa. Henry and Friedrich became estranged, Henry refused to send troops for Friedrich's war against insurgent Italian cities, Henry was convicted for treason and lost his duchies (he lost also the civil war against Friedrich) and had to go into exile - which was England. His (and Matilda's) son Otto IV howewer became the only German king and Emperor of the HRE of the Welf dynasty; he was also King of Italy and Burgundy (as successor of the son and predecessor to the grandson of Friedrich Barbarossa). 23:20 King Edward VIII was of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (German: Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha, a cadet branch of the Saxon House of Wettin).
The houses went from Hannover to the House of Saxe-Coburg & Gotha (Albert's family name) and then George V (Victoria's grandson) changed the name to Windsor because of the first world war (as it states in the video). Technically, the family name should've remained Saxe-Coburg & Gotha to this day. The name would then have changed upon the death of Elizabeth to the House of Mountbatten - or more accurately, the House of Battenberg (Philip's family name - also changed during the first world war for the same reason)...but it will remain Windsor...still confused?
I'm afraid you are wrong with the future house name. Prince Philip was from the House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg, a branch of the House of Oldenburg and the ruling house of Denmark, Norway and (formerly) Greece. He chose the house name of his mother, Alice of Battenberg/Mountbatten, because it had a better reputation in Britain. So the future house name should really be "Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg". However, it will most likely remain Windsor forever.
@@panther7748 I think time will prove you to be right but as Phillip was a Mountbatten prior to his marriage, I would prefer the fictional Windsor to be invalidated and replaced with SC&G and Mountbatten, as appropriate.
@@idristaylor5093 Prince Philip was "a Mountbatten" only through his mother. In the paternal line, he was a Prince of Greece and Denmark and thus a member of the House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg. He may have called himself "Mountbatten", but members of ruling noble dynasties don't have real surnames anyway. They mostly use their dynasty name or a variation of it if the circumstances demand it. The fact that Philip used his mother's house name as his british legal surname (instead of of his real paternal dynasty name) was an anomaly because WW2 was raging and the well known "Mountbatten" was much less controversial than "Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg". So calling Philip "a Mountbatten" is like calling Queen Elizabeth "a Bowes-Lyon". It's just not how paternal dynasties work. Also, I don't know why the name Windsor should be considered invalid. Changing the name of a house was practically unheard of until WW1, but George V. had the right to do it as the british sovereign. Other monarchies like the Netherlands or Luxemburg also kept their paternal house name, even after they stopped following agnatic primogeniture. The end of "equal marriages" and gender equality will render the concept of noble houses meaningless anyway - in the long run.
It would be funny if Williams decided to abdicated alongside his childreens, which would left Harry and Meghan as the last line. Imagine what Daily mail would do.
The Kings of Great Britain and then the United Kingdom from George I until the death of William IV, were also Kings of Hanover. When Victoria ascended the throne, she could not become Queen of Hanover, as the accession to the throne of Hanover was governed by Salic Law. This bars the female line.
Queen Elizabeth 1st never married so was known as the virgin Queen, Virginia is named after her. When James the 6th of Scotland became James 1st of England the crowns were not united, they continued as seperate kingdoms with a shared monarch.
The House of Hanover changed to the House of Saxe-Cobourg-Gotha when Victoria married Albert - the house name changed to the name of the Queen's husband. George V changed the name to Windsor during WWI. When Elizabeth became Queen, Prince Philip's uncle, Louis Mountbatten started talking about the House of Mountbatten reigned. IIRC, the Queen Mother and Winston Churchill were 'No way' and the Queen ended up issuing a proclamation that her family name would remain Windsor. It caused some problems between the Queen and Philip. Later, in the 60s, the Queen issued another proclamation that the house would remain the House of Windsor but descendants who didn't have a title would have the last name Windsor-Mountbatten.
After Queen Victoria, the royal house became the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Queen Victoria's husband's house). Traditionally, the Queen's descendants would be said to be from the House of Mountbatten (or perhaps Mountbatten-Windsor), but the Queen issued a proclamation that the royal house should remain the House of Windsor. Prince Charles could of course change this in future though.
@@gaynor1721 Then why is there even an anglizised form of this house name? Why is it called "Saxe-Coburg and Gotha" in the historical publications? Of course the Queen is a member of the House of Wettin, but it is a very old and large house, with many branches. The "Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha", branch formerly "Sachsen-Coburg-Saalfeld" (the real german names) is only one of many branches. Following this logic, the "House of Hanover" would have to be called the House of Welf. (Technically, it was the Braunschweig-Lüneburg-Calenberg branch, ruling over the Electorate of Braunschweig-Lüneburg. "Hannover"/"Hanover" was just a colloquial name until 1814/15.)
I notice when he talks about Henry VIII and his wives the narrator sometimes says "divorced" and another time says "annulled". Actually, at this time there was no divorce, only annulment. It's a technical, but important difference because annulment meant that any children of the annulled marriage became illegitimate, which in turn obviously has huge political consequences because whether you think Henry was or was not properly separated from Catherine of Arragon affects whether you think Mary or Elizabeth was a legitimate queen.
Divorce illegitimises children in the eyes of the Catholic Church. Annulment can only occur if the marriage was not consumated as in the case of Anne of Cleves. By the time Henry VIII married her, he was already impotent.
@@gaynor1721 The Roman Catholic Church does not recognise divorce - marriage is for life: you remain married to your divorced spouse until your death or their death. Hence, children of a valid marriage do not become illegitimate in the eyes of the church. The opposite is true of an annulment: the slate is wiped clean - the marriage is deemed never to have taken place in their eyes of God and any children are deemed to have been born out of wedlock and therefore illegitimate. Such was the case with Mary I and Elizabeth I as the marriages to Catherine of Aragon and Anne Boleyn were both annulled (as was the marriage to Anne of Cleves). The Boleyn annulment occurred a few days before her execution. So it should be annulled, annulled, died; annulled, beheaded, survived. Not very easy to remember!
@@gaynor1721 There are numerous other grounds for an annulment, consanguinity being one of them: those were the grounds for Catherine of Aragon's annulment. It was claimed she and Prince Arthur, Henry's brother *had* consummated their marriage, making Henry's subsequent marriage to her an illicit union.
Yes! :D I waited for this reaction. Please check out the other royal family tree videos of Useful Charts, they are very informative. Especially the "Who would be King of ... today?" videos.
You say you can't forget the date of the battle of Hastings but neither can we. We got it drummed into us in school and now there's that car insurance advert with the talking seagul! "O-EIGHT HUNDRED, DOUBLE O........TEN SIXTY SIX!"
Two films to watch, as you said you wanted to learn about the eighteenth century. Firstly, "The Favourite", about Queen Anne. Secondly, "The Madness of King George". About George III, starring Nigel Hawthorn from "Yes Minister". You may find something interesting in the latter as it dispels some of the ridiculous US propaganda?
Matilda did not divorce the Holy Roman Emperor, he died. He was a lot older than her. The narrator didn't mention that Henry I married Maud of Scotland, daughter of Queen Margaret and King Malcolm III of Scotland. Margaret was a granddaughter of Ethelred the Unready, through a son of his who fled into Exile when Canute took over, and ended up in Hungary. He married Agatha, a member of the Hungarian Royal family.
The law was changed a few years ago so that the first child born of a monarch will become King or Queen... so that the first male line is not automatically King just the first born ...
jkpole, and females have entered the line of succession ,so Prince William`s daughter Charlotte is now included ,as well as her brothers George and Louis
The House of Hanover becomes the House of Saxe-Coburg Gotha when Queen Victoria marries Prince Albert. When World War One starts anti-German sentiment in Great Britain is on the rise and fearing a revolution George V decides to change the name from Saxe-Coburg Gotha to Windsor.
Please react to the documentaries about the discovery of Richard III (or at least clips of the best bits). Both the main documentary and the additional one about how Richard would have lived and fought are a must for anyone interested in UK history.
If you want a new favourite monarch, though not English yet, but with the dream, watch or read, The Last Kingdom (Bernard Cornwell). Marvellous stuff. Alfred TG. My friend lives in Wantage, Oxfordshire, where there is a statue of him, as he was born there.
The Holy Roman Emperors were not the Popes. The title Holy Roman Emperor was a German Monarch/ Emperor of central Europe and did not even rule from Rome.
Queen Elizabeth I wore thick white makeup and a wig, she had almost died of smallpox her face was badly scarred and she had lost her beautiful red hair. Elizabeth wanted to be worshipped by her people so made her appearance look like that of a stone statue. King Philip ll of Spain had tried to marry Elizabeth after his wife "Mary l" had died, Elizabeth turned him down, that is one of the reasons he hated England. Victoria was a Saxe-Coburg. The present royal house has changed its name to Windsor Mountbatten.
I have a video idea for you. The War of the Pig (or the Pig War) The second war between USA and GB. it kind of ended in a no score draw after about 15 years (technically awarded to USA, but only cos it happened on your land), and the only real casualty of the entire conflict was the pig...
Mary, Queen of Scots is the one who wore the red dress when she was beheaded. By her cousin Queen Elizabeth in 1587. That's why when Elizabeth died in 1603 that Mary, Queen of Scots's son James became the next King of England. Had Mary, Queen of Scots not plotted against her cousin, she would have inherited the throne from her cousin Elizabeth because she was the next most senior heir presumptive to the throne
The various monarchs objected to the way that first call on any country`s wealth was to the Pope ,via the Catholic Church .Which is why Henry viii decided to dissolve the monastery system and enable the flow of wealth back to the English coffers.
@@T0xiikGaz14 No. Saxe-Coburg-Gotha was not Prince Albert's surname. Prince Albert's paternal grandfather was Duke Francis of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, so it wasn't even a hereditary surname. And it was the House of Wettin between the House of Hanover and the House of Windsor. Not the House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. The House of Wettin commenced in 1901 when Edward VII became king and ended in 1917 with George V.
I've held off on my comment until you got to the Glorious Revolution. I *think* it was William of Orange (or it might have been George I) who was "officially" something silly like 58th in the line of succession but the first Protestant, so got the gig.
Random fact but my ‘high school’ was given royal license by ‘Bloody Mary’ and so was founded in 1554 under her name. The time between now and the signing of the Declaration of Independence and the signing of the DOI and the opening of my school only has a difference of about 25 years :))
A British monarch can choose any of their (usually) many first names when they succeed to the throne, not their well-known first name. Several monarchs have chosen a different one (Queen Victoria's first name was actually Alexandrina, chosen to honour Tsar Alexandre Ist., Britain's ally in the Naploeinic war. It is widely believed that Prince Charles will alter the family name to Mountbatten-Windsor in honour of his beloved "Uncle" (not actaully his uncle but that is another, complicated story) Loius Mountbatten, famously murdered by IRA terrorists.
Dude, I congratulate you on most of your memory and on your attention to the detail. You are doing a good job on a complicated field. If you think this is bad try doing the Roman families! I am just reading the 'Masters of Rome' series by Colleen McCullough and that it far worse than this.
Actually, all contemporary people of european descent are most probably descendants of Charlemagne, including you, me and most other viewers of this channel. It's a matter of statistical probability. Matt Baker (the creator of Useful Charts) made a video about this topic.
You did very well! I’ve always loved our history and studied (your favourite!) the industrial revolution at school. My personal favourite has always been the Tudor period…crazy times! 😂
No. The name of the Royal House did not change from Hanover to Windsor. It changed from the very German-sounding Coburg, Saxe, and Gotha to Windsor. King Edward VII was NOT a member of the House of Hanover because he was from his FATHER Prince Albert's house: the German House of Coburg, Saxe, and Gotha. Queen Victoria was the final monarch from the House of Hanover because whenever a female monarch reigns, their house comes to an end with their death. This is because their children come from their father's house, not the one of their mother's. It's literally the same as someone's last name, in that you usually get your last name from whomever your father was in most cases. Most people don't use their mother's maiden name as their last name unless their father is unknown. In the case of monarchy, they ALWAYS know who the father is. Technically, Queen Elizabeth II was the final monarch from the House of Windsor because King Charles III is actually a member of his father Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh's house: the House of Mountbatten. Many members of the Royal Family use the surname Mountbatten-Windsor when they're not being referred to by their titles of nobility (or if they don't have a title to begin with) because it shows their connection to the Royal Family and their descent from the late Prince Philip.
Why is she only referred to as lady tho? If she reigned for 9 days wasn’t she a queen, or did she not go thru coronation? It’s not sth we really went into in history we did Tudor’s and Stewart’s but she is glossed over always
What annoys me about the video is that the creator has concentrated on English monarchs and not included those of Scotland until they get involved with the Scottish Monarchy. A little bias.
@@ABC_DEF my point is that both the Scottish and English monarchies make up the British monarchy. It is the British isles, so all monarchies within those islands are British.
interesting details ... there is still a Plantagenet heir, living now in Australia. Mary of Teck, married to King George V, was descended from the brother of Vlad Tepes aka Drakulya. Queen Elizabeth I, was pale as a statement of class. At that time rich women wore white makeup (with lead in it) and it may have caused her eventual death. PM Boris Johnson is a descendent of King George II.
Edward VIII did not abdicate because Wallis Simpson was American, it was because she had been divorced twice, and Edward as King was Head of the Church of England which didn't believe in divorce, so he felt he had to abdicate. He personally was not particularly religious, and was always being told off by the clergy for not attending church. They have since become more tolerant, so Prince Charles could marry Camilla Parker-Bowles although not in church.
Even though it says in the video that Prince Charles will likely keep the family name of Windsor (his mother’s family name) he is actually part of the Mountbatten family because his father, Prince Phillip, was a Mountbatten.
Prince Philip's father's surname was Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksberg as a member of the Danish Royal Family. Mountbatten comes from Prince Philip's mother, Princess Alice of Battenberg. The Queen's heirs will bear the surname Windsor - that means Prince Charles, Prince William and Prince George. Her other children and descendants will bear the double barrelled surname Mountbatten-Windsor.
luis the 17th came to the throne because after nipoleon britain could decide what to do with france instead of claiming the french throne like past english kings wanted due to william the conquier being french many english kings believed they had a claim they put the proper french heir on the throne
When you said you won't forget 1066, the amount if 4 digit locks on doors have that as the code, if not try a few other famous dates every English person knows, 1966, 3945, 1418.
Hi this is the history from the Top echelon but if you REALLY want to understand how England became what it is, and I think you do, you should try to get hold of a BBC series called “Michael Woods History of England” It’s out on DVD and it’s quite long (too long for TH-cam) but it is the history of England from the point of view of 1 village in Central England from before 1066 up to date. Everything that happens in England happens in this village and vice versa. Possibly not useful for your channel but for your own personal education I recommend you try and find the whole program. I wouldn’t suggest this if I didn’t think you would be interested and would benefit from seeing it. Keep up the good work.
Matilda's first husband died 🥺 I'm very impressed with how much English history you've remembered, more so than a lot of English people 😂 Queen Mary was bloody Mary due to her tendency to have protestants burnt.. around 300
Hey guys I originally asked this to @CeNedra in her comment down below but would like to know if anyone else knows. I thought Bloody Mary was the one who wore a red dress at her execution, I was wrong obviously but who am I thinking of?!?! 😤😡
Queen Victoria, in her early reign, was actually a very compassionate and progressive monarch. She had a massive decline in popularity and probably came closer than any other monarch to seeing the establishment of a republic because her husband Albert died, and she became a depressed mess for the rest of her life 😅
Imagine living in germany and then someone said "hey you are the king of england now"...that was precisely what George was thinking, he even said he hated England because it's too cold, wet and cloudy and want to go back to Germany lmao, he doesn't even speak English.
Don't know if someone's already suggested. But would love to see you react to Horrible Histories! I think you'd like it! It's BBC so there may be only limited clips you could do, but they're worth doing!
The magna carta was terrible for the peasants. Before the magna carta the common folk of Britton acted as serves but every peasant owned his own land.. So depending on weather you had a benevolent or viscous king you had a chance of good life.. The magna carta gave certain rights and freedoms from the king to the aristocracy, meaning they could buy up land and start taxing the commoner without warning the king. Essentially the common folk lost the the crowns protection..Over time the magna carta has been reinterpreted to something it was not..It offered no freedom to the actual citizens of the country,, only to foreign speaking aristocracy.
yea people dont relise most the magna carter was lords rights and some widows rights like none really helped normal people like how does stopping some lord from kicking his mum out the house after his dad die help a random farmer and thats like the most progressive of the magna carter
Dude, gotta admit, I thought you were just another TH-camr out for likes and subs. Turns out you are legit excited about history. Great video. You got my like and sub.
By the way "Aethelraed the Unready" was not "Unready" - he was "Unraed" which means "badly advised" or "lacking counsel"
The scandinavian term would be "Uråde" meaning "unadviced".
Contrary to Hardrada which would mean "Harshly Adviced".
Referring to the seeming mood of each rulers style.
The name was a deliberate pun. Aethelraed means 'wise counsel'.
His name should be pronounced Ethelred.
Un-read .... makes sense
@@stevelknievel4183 I think noble counsel is a more accurate translation, Alfred though literally elf counsel meant wise counsel.
from what I understand, Mary 1st was named Bloody Mary due to the number of people she had killed during her reign. It is understood that when her father divorced her mum and married Anne Boleyn, Mary lost a lot of her Dad's favour as a loved child which only grew worse when Elizabeth was born. Mary was also not allowed to visit her mother - so a lot of religious hatred grew in her mind as she wanted to stay catholic. When she came to power she did what her dad had done years earlier which was to kill and persecute people who supported a branch of religion that didnt hold her favour. i hope this makes sense.
Bunch of crooks
Yes that is correct sum of what happened! Love learning this stuff
The country became protestant inddr Henry VIII. But when Mary who was brought up a catholic came to the throne she made the country catholic again and burned at tge stake many protestant preists.. hense bloody mary.. when her sister Elizabeth came to the throne England became protestant again... but unlike her sister she dud not persecute catholics as long as they practiced their religion discretely
Henry viii killed way more than Mary and Elizabeth put together
Henry viii killed more people than his three children put together.
I like your reaction, and knowledge! I think there were two things you missed that were mentioned during your exitement: First that the house of Windsor is not technically the house of Hannover, but the house of Saxe, Coburg and Gotha (the house from which Victoria's husband came). The house name changes AFTER a female queen, to the house of her husband. Therefore, and that's the second point, when Elizabeth II dies, Charles should officially change the name to the house his father comes from (Schleswig Holstein, the house that ruled in Greece, and still does in Denmark), just follow the purple line from Charles's father upward. But it will probably stay Windsor.
Elizabeth 11 husbands family were German from a nazi family
That why they want to leave the house name Windsor
didn't Philip change his name to Mountbatten who was his "uncle" and Elizabeth's godfather, one reason Lady Elizabeth Bowls-Lyon and parliament changed to the House of Windsor so it would not become the house of Mountbatten? i think it was the queen that made sure her descendants would have the name Mountbatten-Windsor
@@stpaley Yes, she did. as to overrule what i wrote earlier as the 'normal' way of doing things. Whatever normal means in this context 🙂. Currently only one queen left (Marghrete of Denmark) in all the existing monarchies in Europe, the rest is all kings.
Wasn't there a big thing about the name of the future monarch back in the 50's? Parliament decided at that time that the house of Windsor should continue, for what reason they decided that I don't know however, although Prince Philip was quite adamant that all of their decendents carry the name mountbatten
@@johnnash2815
This family was placed in that position and made royal, replacing the Legitimate royal family but yet controlled like puppets.
Good going mate, I find your enthusiasm for your education on the subject very refreshing!
The Holy Roman Emperor whom Matilda married was much older than her and he died. Divorced? No question of her popping down to Reno. She was a mere chattel and didn’t have any say in matters. Royal princesses were bargaining chips in political alliances. She was then married off to a teenager, Geoffrey of Anjou.
I think she was more than that. Henry I wanted her to succeed him, remember, and made his nobles swear to support her in becoming Queen Regnant after his death. At the time nobody would have been surprised if he'd passed her over in favour of his nephew, Stephen or even suggested her husband become King, either as a sole monarch or jointly with her. He even had an illegitimate son, Robert of Gloucester who was highly respected by the Norman nobility who he could have put forward as his successor, we're only 2 generations away from William the Bastard after all. But he didn't. He chose her.
By all historical accounts, she was a very strong minded, determined woman, if somewhat prickly. And she didn't lose the civil war. There was a negotiated settlement. Stephen would be King during his lifetime but he would be succeeded by her son, Henry II.
@@wellingboroughanddistrictu3a agreed - that’s only after her father didn’t have a son and he’d sent her off to marry the biggest available catch in Europe. There was no way she was ruling England if she was the HR Empress.
@@lindylou7853 More Americans pontificating on British Mediaeval History …🙄🇬🇧
@@wellingboroughanddistrictu3a
I think I’m pretty sure I must’ve read somewhere that William the conqueror or William I
didn’t at all like anyone
calling him “bastard”
@@Ionabrodie69
doesn’t exactly make that person entirely wrong
You did really well, it's quite complicated, so a really good effort, well done.
Queen Elizabeth I had her COUSIN, Mary Queen of Scots, beheaded. Mary Queen of Scots (a Catholic) wore a red under garment at her beheading as a sign of martyrdom to other Catholics. You have her confused with Queen Elizabeth's HALF SISTER, Queen Mary (also a Catholic), who was known as Bloody Mary because of the amount of Protestants she had burnt at the stake during her reign. Also Queen Elizabeth I famously NEVER married during her life despite mounting pressure from advisors around her. Great channel by the way. :-D
21:31 Yes, but only by marriage. Kaiser Wilhelm II's mother was Elizabeth II's great grandfather Edward VIII's sister. This sister married Kaiser Frederick III, who reigned for just 99 days. Frederick III was a great-great grandson of Frederick the Great's nephew. Also, Kaiser Wilhelm II was the first cousin twice removed of Elizabeth II (Grandchild of Wilhelm's 1st cousin George V), both being descendants of Victoria. Interestingly, Wilhelm's sister was the aunt of Prince Philip by marriage to Constantine I of Greece.
Useful Charts is an excellent resource. Great reaction.
Elizabeth 1st was badly affected by smallpox in her 20s and left badly scarred, so took to wearing white lead based makeup, hence the white look she has.
I love your genuine interest and curiosity. You did well to follow in just a few minutes what we have many years of schooling to learn.
The reason for Queen Elisabeth's "super pale face" (apart from her being ginger) is that, at that time, it was extremely popular among courtiers to wear full makeup with an extremely white lead based foundation (which, yes, gave them lead poisoning but they didn't know).
When he referred to Markle as "the Succubus" I nearly fell off my chair hahaha!
I have only just watched this and spit my wine all over the floor 😂😂😂😂
@@susansmiles2242 ha!ha!
Matilda left England aged 8 and went to live at the Imperial court, and married the emperor when she was 12 and he was 28. The Emperor died when she was 23 so she returned to England, and then when she was 25 she was married off again to Geoffrey, who was 14!
If you think the English monarchy chart is confusing when they go up generations and start again, you should see the French one. At least in England, the female line was allowed. In France, it was strictly male only, so at one point, they had to go back hundreds of years to find an unbroken male line.
Queen Victoria was one of my favorites too❤ She and Prince Albert had 9 children. Her granddaughter was the wife of Czar Nicholas of Russia. Her Grandson was Kieser William if Germany etc.
Between her and Christian of Denmark it’s no surprise so many of the royal families of Europe are related one way or another
@@littlemy1773The families were already related and inbred going back to 800s.
Victoria married Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, hence the line's name changed from Hanover to the house of Saxe-Coburg Gotha. THAT was the name that changed to Windsor.
Similarly, Elizabeth ii married Phillip Mountbatten, which itself was a not very subtle change from another German name, Battenburg.
I assume (not sure!!) That Charles' line should technically be Mountbatten, his father's name, but the Queen wants him to keep Windsor. 🤯
The house of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha didn't exist in the UK.
It was called the House of Wettin.
And it's Battenberg, not Battenburg.
@@gaynor1721 my apologies for the misspelling, I should have checked.
Re Saxe-Coburg Gotha, I found this on the official site, royal.uk/royal-family-name :
"Queen Victoria's eldest son Edward VII belonged to the House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha (the family name of his father Prince Albert). Edward VII's son George V became the second king of that dynasty when he succeeded to the throne in 1910.
In 1917, there was a radical change, when George V specifically adopted Windsor, not only as the name of the 'House' or dynasty, but also as the surname of his family. The family name was changed as a result of anti-German feeling during the First World War, and the name Windsor was adopted after the Castle of the same name."
and
"...if at any time any of them [Prince Charles et al] do need a surname (such as upon marriage), that surname is Mountbatten-Windsor."
The surname of the family of the house of Saxe-Coburg Gotha WAS Wettin, but I cannot find any reference to that being an official surname used by the UK royal family.
I am not a historian, however, merely a Googler, so I will ascribe any inaccuracies to that. 😁
Phillip took his mother's name, Mountbatten, strictly speaking he was of the Danish royal house of Sonderburg-Glucksburg.
@@gaynor1721 Dynastic houses are sometimes referred to by their territorial titles and sometimes by a surname or ancestor's name so both names are correct.
The House of Hanover is sometimes called the House of Welf or Guelph for that reason.
The Houses of York and Lancaster are cadet branches of the House of Plantagenet.
The House of Anjou (hence "Angevin") is the House of Plantagenet.
The House of Denmark (Sweyn Forkbeard, Canute and his heirs) is also known as the House of Gorm or the House of Knytlinga.
What should be remembered (but never is) Is that Harold Godwinson and his army had just fought his own Brother on the South Coast, Marched up to Stamford Bridge in the North Of England to defeat Harold Hardrada and then had to very quickly march South again the face William of Normandy. Had this not happened then History would have been very different as Harold was by far the better Battle Commander but his Army had already been decimated before the Battle of Hastings
So Prince Harry should just give up on the idea of ever becoming king, the more children William has the lower down the list Harry drops. And when William’s kids start having kids that’s it, Harry and his kids are pretty much cut out.
24:50 King Charles lll last name is Mountbatten-Windsor. Queen Elizabeth ll hyphenated her last name and her husbands Prince Phillip. So because of this technically he is supposed to change the name of the house to Mountbatten-Windsor because everyone who is a descendant of Queen Elizabeth ll and Phillip is Mountbatten-Windsor. But he kept just Windsor which is the last names of everyone before Charles.
😂😂 Interesting and provocative use of "succubus". Nice one
4:53 There's an insurance company in Britain called Hastings Direct, and their telephone number ends 1066, which is either the best coincidence ever or more likely someone paid a lot of money to use the number! It's one of those phone numbers they sing at you so you never forget it! 😂
Probably a coincidence, including the ', no claims for eye injury' clause in the policy small print.
It's not a coincidence. I live in Hastings and Hastings Direct were based about 20 minutes away for years. All their branding is Battle of Hastings themed too.
The 1066 number is not a number with a normal Hastings area code allocated by coincidence. It is an 0800 free phone number and probably cost no more than whatever the normal charge for such numbers is.
What. A great chart !! Hanks for this one🤗 ‘tis indeed fascinating !👍
Queen Victoria has been portrayed by Judi Dench in the 1997 film "Mrs Brown" her servant was played by the comedian Billy Connolly with unusual skill for a not well known actor. It gives a taste of the period , though other films may have given more historical detail such as the later Victoria and Abdul again with Judi Dench as Queen Victoria.
Yeah that was a film enjoyed,Billy played it out of the park 😃
The fact you called Megan a succubus made me chuckle😂
Dying at that!🤣🤣🤣
Tudor and Victorian England are my 2 favourite periods in our history 🇬🇧 Henry VIII is an interesting character although obviously a bit of a brute - Victoria and Albert were more in touch with the public I think - Queen Elizabeth I wore powdered make-up because I think her face was pockmarked after illness - she lost lots of teeth as she mistakenly thought eating sweets was good for her - in those days rich folk would buy poor people's teeth lol - and she wore wigs as she lost hair growing older - I think portrait painters made her look more attractive than she really was as they wanted to flatter her - Charles Dickens is a great recorder of life in Victorian England
He was a tyrant. It all came from the jousting accident he had.
You HAVE to rewind useful Charts sometimes to understand everything... one of the best chanels on YT in my opinion. So cool you discovered it.
There are a few times when things get confusing around the Tudors and the Stewarts. I also think is all the Mary's that confuse the issue too.
Henry VIII was actually the second son, the spare. His brother Arthur was supposed to become King, but sadly he, and his bride Katherine of Aragon,(who after his death, and a special dispensation from the Pope, became Henry VIII's first wife.), caught what they think was Seating Sickness, (something that today we still have no idea what it was. It was a fast killer too, you could be fine in the morning, ill by lunch, and dead by dinner!). Luckily Katherine Survived.
Henry's elder sister, Margaret, was married off to James IV of Scotland, in the hope that the fighting between the two countries would stop. After all, marrying your enemy's heir, had worked for Henry VII, when he married Elizabeth of York, and joined the Houses of York, and Lancaster, so why wouldn't it work between England and Scotland!
Then after Henry was born, he had a little sister called Mary. This is where there is some confusion, Henry was close to his little sister, and named his daughter, Mary, (later Queen "Bloody" Mary), after her.
Like Scotland, England was constantly and war with France, so as his father had done with his sister, Margaret, Henry VIII married his sister Mary off to King Louis XII of France in 1514.
Later in 1515 her husband had died, and with her brother being King, despite Henry's promises, that she could marry who she wanted to, she knew Henry would marry her off to someone else, for a political alliance.
So, when Henry sent his friend Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk to fetch her home, he did not think his little sister would talk the Duke into marrying her, especially as he had made Brandon promise he wouldn't prepose to her. Yet they did marry in secret, with the new King of France as a witness.
Technically, members of the Royal family and certain Nobles marrying without the King's permission, was treason. As you can imagine, Henry was extremely ticked off, to say the least! But being the King's favourites, they survived, and went on to having several children including a son named after her brother, and a daughter, Frances. Who was the mother of Lady Jane Grey, the nine day Queen. Who was only 15-17 yrs old when she was used as a puppet.
The other Mary, Queen of Scots, was the granddaughter of Princess Margaret, Henry's sister. She had been raised in France, and was also to become Queen of France, when her young husband, the Dauphin, died. She came back to Scotland, as Queen, which by then, was no longer a Catholic country, unlike her.
There is SO much going on here, at this time point, marriages that she shouldn't have had, births, deaths, murder, explosions, abdication, on the run, arrest, death plots, secret messages... And still more!
The Red dress you were thinking of, and thinking it was Bloody Mary, and that's why she was called that. Well, it wasn't. She got the name, because she was a Catholic, as after her father divorced her mother, the country had steadily became more and more Protestant. And both Elizabeth and her little brother Edward (VI), had been raised Protestant. So under Edward VI, a lot of Catholics had been executed, exiled and forced to convert. So when it was clear that Edward VI, who had become King aged 9, was dying aged 15, his regent and advisor, Duke of Northumberland, pursuaded Edward to change his father's will, that said it was to be Edward, then Mary and then Elizabeth. As Mary was Catholic, they didn't want her to become queen. And as Elizabeth had been declared illegitimate, and after counting out Margaret's family line, that left Mary, Dutchess of Suffolk's line, her granddaughter, Lady Jane Grey. Who had been raised Protestant.
Thinking he would still have control of the crown, the Duke of Northumberland plotted with Jane's parents, and forced her to marry Guilford Dudley, the Duke of Northumberland's youngest son. Husbands controlled their wives, back then, Queen or not, and he, the Duke would control his son, and therefore the country. So Edward wrote his will, naming Jane and her (future), sons, the succession, and the Crown. Sadly, it didn't happen, and Mary, raised an army, and after 9 days of being the Queen, the men in Jane's Privy Chamber,, switched sides. Allowing Mary to become Queen.
And in her wake, came the message to convert back to being Catholic, or die. Hundreds were executed either with the axe or at the stake, hense the title "Bloody" Mary.
As for the Red Dress? Well that was Mary, Q of S. When she was being taken down to her execution, Mary took off her outer black velvet dress, and underneath it, she wore a red petticoat, underskirt.
Sorry about the LOOONG history lesson!
Thank you.
Timber Wolf ,I think what you refer to was called `Sweating Sickness`. It was indeed very fast ,killed off the young healthy adults unlike many epidemics which pick off the frail and elderly . It lasted for some years ,then disappeared as mysteriously as it arrived. Reading back, I think it may have been a typo.
British history is scattered with 'What If' events, where seismic moments could have gone either way. The White Ship disaster was one of them, the Princes in the Tower was another.
Others are what if Queen Elizabeth I had married and had children? Or if Queen Mary I had had children with her husband, who became King Phillip II of Spain? Or what if King William III and Queen Mary II had children? Specifically, the ones about the two Mary's and William III. If Queen Mary I would have had children with her husband Prince Philip (the later King Phillip II of Spain), said child would have inherited both the thrones of Spain and England, likely leading to an eventual merging of Spain and England into one kingdom. Had William and Mary had children (or Mary's sister Queen Anne had any children who lived), the House of Hanover may have never reigned in England, which means no King George III. Meaning, no American Revolutionary War and no United States ever existing. At least in the form as we know it now. Also, William III was also the Stadtholder of the Netherlands, and the later Kings of the Netherlands are descended from his family. Had he and his wife Mary II had children, may we have seen a United Kingdom of Great Britain, Ireland, and the Netherlands?
@@matthewcastleton2263apparently what ifs can be could be perhaps sometimes rather well just
how interesting
and/or interesting
Great video - By the way, your remembrance of a red dress during an beheading is correct but it was Mary Queen of Scots who wore it at her execution. Mary Tudor - Bloody Mary - was so called due to the burnings of Protestants.
I knew that Mary queen of Scots was executed because of treason
Connor luv, would recommend Simon Schama'sy History of Britain either the telly series or the books. Also anything by Tracy Borman or Lucy Wolsey, both are curators of the royal palaces. Still waiting for the tour of the Tower.
Did you mean Lucy Worsley? She's my favourite TV historian. She's quite happy to tell you that her view of the facts are just her view, that other historians will have their own views, and that none of them are necessarily definitive. I like that. (And she's a tiny bit weird, which I also like.)
@@JJBushfan I do. I love her eccentricity, she's so terribly British.
You done very well
Wow great video ! ..I'm British and I never saw it all in this much detail before just in segments and it's so difficult to remember who is who in the past ..Thankyou for sharing
20:50 In Germany the House of Hanover ist known as the House of Welf (of which it was the main branch at that time), and one of his ancestors, Henri the Lion, married in 1168 (as his second wife) Matilda, daughter of King Henry II Plantagenet of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine, sister of Richard Lionheart. Henry the Lion was presumably born at the ancestral seat of the Welfs in Swabia (Ravensburg); his cousin was Friedrich I Barbarossa, Emperor of the HRE, who gave the Duchy of Bavaria (back) to the Welfs (which are sometimes referred to also as Guelphs, which was their name in Italy). Henry had inherited already the Duchy of Saxony, so he became a double Duke. Henry founded the cities of Munich and Lubeck (among others), but lost the ancestral seat, as his uncle Welf VI, Duke of Spoleto, bequeathed it to Friedrich I Barbarossa. Henry and Friedrich became estranged, Henry refused to send troops for Friedrich's war against insurgent Italian cities, Henry was convicted for treason and lost his duchies (he lost also the civil war against Friedrich) and had to go into exile - which was England. His (and Matilda's) son Otto IV howewer became the only German king and Emperor of the HRE of the Welf dynasty; he was also King of Italy and Burgundy (as successor of the son and predecessor to the grandson of Friedrich Barbarossa).
23:20 King Edward VIII was of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (German: Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha, a cadet branch of the Saxon House of Wettin).
There was no House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha in the UK.
It was the House of Wettin.
Great show !!❤
OMG, `the one with the succubus` !!
The houses went from Hannover to the House of Saxe-Coburg & Gotha (Albert's family name) and then George V (Victoria's grandson) changed the name to Windsor because of the first world war (as it states in the video). Technically, the family name should've remained Saxe-Coburg & Gotha to this day. The name would then have changed upon the death of Elizabeth to the House of Mountbatten - or more accurately, the House of Battenberg (Philip's family name - also changed during the first world war for the same reason)...but it will remain Windsor...still confused?
I'm afraid you are wrong with the future house name. Prince Philip was from the House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg, a branch of the House of Oldenburg and the ruling house of Denmark, Norway and (formerly) Greece. He chose the house name of his mother, Alice of Battenberg/Mountbatten, because it had a better reputation in Britain. So the future house name should really be "Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg". However, it will most likely remain Windsor forever.
@@panther7748 I think time will prove you to be right but as Phillip was a Mountbatten prior to his marriage, I would prefer the fictional Windsor to be invalidated and replaced with SC&G and Mountbatten, as appropriate.
@@idristaylor5093 Prince Philip was "a Mountbatten" only through his mother. In the paternal line, he was a Prince of Greece and Denmark and thus a member of the House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg. He may have called himself "Mountbatten", but members of ruling noble dynasties don't have real surnames anyway. They mostly use their dynasty name or a variation of it if the circumstances demand it. The fact that Philip used his mother's house name as his british legal surname (instead of of his real paternal dynasty name) was an anomaly because WW2 was raging and the well known "Mountbatten" was much less controversial than "Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg". So calling Philip "a Mountbatten" is like calling Queen Elizabeth "a Bowes-Lyon". It's just not how paternal dynasties work.
Also, I don't know why the name Windsor should be considered invalid. Changing the name of a house was practically unheard of until WW1, but George V. had the right to do it as the british sovereign. Other monarchies like the Netherlands or Luxemburg also kept their paternal house name, even after they stopped following agnatic primogeniture. The end of "equal marriages" and gender equality will render the concept of noble houses meaningless anyway - in the long run.
It would be funny if Williams decided to abdicated alongside his childreens, which would left Harry and Meghan as the last line.
Imagine what Daily mail would do.
@@nntflow7058 Very, very unlikely.
We are all shouting Cromwell at the screen lol
Really?
@@QPRTokyo Well the ones who could remember his name.
Yep, I was!!
18:25 That’s not a bad example. Napoleon was compared to Cromwell by contemporaries, when he was First Consul.
If you just listened it was Cromwell.
The answering to the Pope ended with King Henry 8th. He created The Church of England.
I would also highly recommend the Scottish Monarchy and Who Would be the Monarch if the Jacobites had Won. This channel is great and very informative.
The Kings of Great Britain and then the United Kingdom from George I until the death of William IV, were also Kings of Hanover. When Victoria ascended the throne, she could not become Queen of Hanover, as the accession to the throne of Hanover was governed by Salic Law. This bars the female line.
That's in Germany tho
Your knowledge is AMAZING
Queen Elizabeth 1st never married so was known as the virgin Queen, Virginia is named after her.
When James the 6th of Scotland became James 1st of England the crowns were not united, they continued as seperate kingdoms with a shared monarch.
The crowns WERE united (Union of the Crowns, 1603). The Union of Parliaments, 1707, united the 2 kingdoms.
@@amandab4978 The union of the crowns was a personal union, so it was two kingdoms sharing a monarch.
What I like doing from time to time is going on Wikipedia and typing in Elizabeth II and then going back by clicking on predecessor
The House of Hanover changed to the House of Saxe-Cobourg-Gotha when Victoria married Albert - the house name changed to the name of the Queen's husband.
George V changed the name to Windsor during WWI.
When Elizabeth became Queen, Prince Philip's uncle, Louis Mountbatten started talking about the House of Mountbatten reigned. IIRC, the Queen Mother and Winston Churchill were 'No way' and the Queen ended up issuing a proclamation that her family name would remain Windsor. It caused some problems between the Queen and Philip.
Later, in the 60s, the Queen issued another proclamation that the house would remain the House of Windsor but descendants who didn't have a title would have the last name Windsor-Mountbatten.
After Queen Victoria, the royal house became the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Queen Victoria's husband's house).
Traditionally, the Queen's descendants would be said to be from the House of Mountbatten (or perhaps Mountbatten-Windsor), but the Queen issued a proclamation that the royal house should remain the House of Windsor. Prince Charles could of course change this in future though.
Technically, it's not the House of Mountbatten (Battenberg), but the House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg.
There was no such thing as the House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha in the UK.
It was called the House of Wettin.
@@gaynor1721 Then why is there even an anglizised form of this house name? Why is it called "Saxe-Coburg and Gotha" in the historical publications? Of course the Queen is a member of the House of Wettin, but it is a very old and large house, with many branches. The "Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha", branch formerly "Sachsen-Coburg-Saalfeld" (the real german names) is only one of many branches. Following this logic, the "House of Hanover" would have to be called the House of Welf. (Technically, it was the Braunschweig-Lüneburg-Calenberg branch, ruling over the Electorate of Braunschweig-Lüneburg. "Hannover"/"Hanover" was just a colloquial name until 1814/15.)
You know and Understand so much more than the average Brit!
I notice when he talks about Henry VIII and his wives the narrator sometimes says "divorced" and another time says "annulled". Actually, at this time there was no divorce, only annulment. It's a technical, but important difference because annulment meant that any children of the annulled marriage became illegitimate, which in turn obviously has huge political consequences because whether you think Henry was or was not properly separated from Catherine of Arragon affects whether you think Mary or Elizabeth was a legitimate queen.
Divorce illegitimises children in the eyes of the Catholic Church. Annulment can only occur if the marriage was not consumated as in the case of Anne of Cleves. By the time Henry VIII married her, he was already impotent.
@@gaynor1721 The Roman Catholic Church does not recognise divorce - marriage is for life: you remain married to your divorced spouse until your death or their death. Hence, children of a valid marriage do not become illegitimate in the eyes of the church.
The opposite is true of an annulment: the slate is wiped clean - the marriage is deemed never to have taken place in their eyes of God and any children are deemed to have been born out of wedlock and therefore illegitimate. Such was the case with Mary I and Elizabeth I as the marriages to Catherine of Aragon and Anne Boleyn were both annulled (as was the marriage to Anne of Cleves). The Boleyn annulment occurred a few days before her execution.
So it should be annulled, annulled, died; annulled, beheaded, survived. Not very easy to remember!
@@gaynor1721 There are numerous other grounds for an annulment, consanguinity being one of them: those were the grounds for Catherine of Aragon's annulment. It was claimed she and Prince Arthur, Henry's brother *had* consummated their marriage, making Henry's subsequent marriage to her an illicit union.
Yes! :D I waited for this reaction. Please check out the other royal family tree videos of Useful Charts, they are very informative. Especially the "Who would be King of ... today?" videos.
Conner love the channel, you need one of this gentleman s posters, I'm English 🏴 and I'm having trouble keeping up😵💫
You say you can't forget the date of the battle of Hastings but neither can we. We got it drummed into us in school and now there's that car insurance advert with the talking seagul!
"O-EIGHT HUNDRED, DOUBLE O........TEN SIXTY SIX!"
Two films to watch, as you said you wanted to learn about the eighteenth century. Firstly, "The Favourite", about Queen Anne. Secondly, "The Madness of King George". About George III, starring Nigel Hawthorn from "Yes Minister". You may find something interesting in the latter as it dispels some of the ridiculous US propaganda?
The succubus from America. Pishing maself laughing at that squire.
She's after a bit more than tree fiddy though!
Cheers 🍻
@gerrygallen Have you watched Chef's parent's and The Loch Ness Monster?
Matilda did not divorce the Holy Roman Emperor, he died. He was a lot older than her. The narrator didn't mention that Henry I married Maud of Scotland, daughter of Queen Margaret and King Malcolm III of Scotland. Margaret was a granddaughter of Ethelred the Unready, through a son of his who fled into Exile when Canute took over, and ended up in Hungary. He married Agatha, a member of the Hungarian Royal family.
The law was changed a few years ago so that the first child born of a monarch will become King or Queen... so that the first male line is not automatically King just the first born ...
jkpole, and females have entered the line of succession ,so Prince William`s daughter Charlotte is now included ,as well as her brothers George and Louis
@@gillcawthorn7572 That is true and that is what I said. It is now in LAW for evermore
The House of Hanover becomes the House of Saxe-Coburg Gotha when Queen Victoria marries Prince Albert. When World War One starts anti-German sentiment in Great Britain is on the rise and fearing a revolution George V decides to change the name from Saxe-Coburg Gotha to Windsor.
Surely the people around king Henry the eight must have realized that he was the reason he couldn't have any healthy sons
Getting my history lessons on your channel, love it
Please react to the documentaries about the discovery of Richard III (or at least clips of the best bits). Both the main documentary and the additional one about how Richard would have lived and fought are a must for anyone interested in UK history.
Found it on youtube th-cam.com/video/P8QDa1zuUd4/w-d-xo.html
As long as the comment section b does not consist of “Ooh he was a monster, he killed his nephews.. “ 🙄 I am sick of all that crap.. 🙄🇬🇧
@@Ionabrodie69oh so I guess that you got strong evidence that he in fact did NOT opportunistically kill
his young nephews
@@Ionabrodie69perhaps YOU might have been the one pontificating all along after all
If you want a new favourite monarch, though not English yet, but with the dream, watch or read, The Last Kingdom (Bernard Cornwell). Marvellous stuff. Alfred TG. My friend lives in Wantage, Oxfordshire, where there is a statue of him, as he was born there.
Seconded . I love the series, cannot wait for the next two and the film!
To Bebbanburg! Destiny is all!
The Holy Roman Emperors were not the Popes. The title Holy Roman Emperor was a German Monarch/ Emperor of central Europe and did not even rule from Rome.
Queen Elizabeth I wore thick white makeup and a wig, she had almost died of smallpox her face was badly scarred and she had lost her beautiful red hair. Elizabeth wanted to be worshipped by her people so made her appearance look like that of a stone statue.
King Philip ll of Spain had tried to marry Elizabeth after his wife "Mary l" had died, Elizabeth turned him down, that is one of the reasons he hated England. Victoria was a Saxe-Coburg.
The present royal house has changed its name to Windsor Mountbatten.
I have a video idea for you.
The War of the Pig (or the Pig War)
The second war between USA and GB. it kind of ended in a no score draw after about 15 years (technically awarded to USA, but only cos it happened on your land), and the only real casualty of the entire conflict was the pig...
Mary, Queen of Scots is the one who wore the red dress when she was beheaded. By her cousin Queen Elizabeth in 1587. That's why when Elizabeth died in 1603 that Mary, Queen of Scots's son James became the next King of England. Had Mary, Queen of Scots not plotted against her cousin, she would have inherited the throne from her cousin Elizabeth because she was the next most senior heir presumptive to the throne
There always was power-struggles between thrones and popes.
This is sovereignty
The various monarchs objected to the way that first call on any country`s wealth was to the Pope ,via the Catholic Church .Which is why Henry viii decided to dissolve the monastery system and enable the flow of wealth back to the English coffers.
Have a look at the Princes in the Tower..
What so everyone can castigate Richard AGAIN……?🙄🇬🇧
You did very well as there are many Brits who do not have your grasp of such complex blood lines.
😊😋
Victorian era is my favourite era too cuz their engineering is built to last. An example of this is tower bridge
Not Hanover, it was Saxe Coburg & Gotha
What was?
@@gaynor1721 The original name of the House of Windsor
@@T0xiikGaz14 No. Saxe-Coburg-Gotha was not Prince Albert's surname.
Prince Albert's paternal grandfather was Duke Francis of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, so it wasn't even a hereditary surname.
And it was the House of Wettin between the House of Hanover and the House of Windsor. Not the House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha.
The House of Wettin commenced in 1901 when Edward VII became king and ended in 1917 with George V.
I've held off on my comment until you got to the Glorious Revolution. I *think* it was William of Orange (or it might have been George I) who was "officially" something silly like 58th in the line of succession but the first Protestant, so got the gig.
Random fact but my ‘high school’ was given royal license by ‘Bloody Mary’ and so was founded in 1554 under her name. The time between now and the signing of the Declaration of Independence and the signing of the DOI and the opening of my school only has a difference of about 25 years :))
A British monarch can choose any of their (usually) many first names when they succeed to the throne, not their well-known first name. Several monarchs have chosen a different one (Queen Victoria's first name was actually Alexandrina, chosen to honour Tsar Alexandre Ist., Britain's ally in the Naploeinic war. It is widely believed that Prince Charles will alter the family name to Mountbatten-Windsor in honour of his beloved "Uncle" (not actaully his uncle but that is another, complicated story) Loius Mountbatten, famously murdered by IRA terrorists.
Connahs Elizabeth the first put a poision white lead on her face to symbolise she was a virgin queen. Hope this helps
Dude, I congratulate you on most of your memory and on your attention to the detail. You are doing a good job on a complicated field. If you think this is bad try doing the Roman families! I am just reading the 'Masters of Rome' series by Colleen McCullough and that it far worse than this.
Love History!!❤❤
Actually, all contemporary people of european descent are most probably descendants of Charlemagne, including you, me and most other viewers of this channel. It's a matter of statistical probability. Matt Baker (the creator of Useful Charts) made a video about this topic.
I’m related to Charlemagne???!! 😎nice
It's like Genghis Khan? That's fucking crazy!
You did very well! I’ve always loved our history and studied (your favourite!) the industrial revolution at school. My personal favourite has always been the Tudor period…crazy times! 😂
No. The name of the Royal House did not change from Hanover to Windsor. It changed from the very German-sounding Coburg, Saxe, and Gotha to Windsor. King Edward VII was NOT a member of the House of Hanover because he was from his FATHER Prince Albert's house: the German House of Coburg, Saxe, and Gotha. Queen Victoria was the final monarch from the House of Hanover because whenever a female monarch reigns, their house comes to an end with their death. This is because their children come from their father's house, not the one of their mother's. It's literally the same as someone's last name, in that you usually get your last name from whomever your father was in most cases. Most people don't use their mother's maiden name as their last name unless their father is unknown. In the case of monarchy, they ALWAYS know who the father is. Technically, Queen Elizabeth II was the final monarch from the House of Windsor because King Charles III is actually a member of his father Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh's house: the House of Mountbatten. Many members of the Royal Family use the surname Mountbatten-Windsor when they're not being referred to by their titles of nobility (or if they don't have a title to begin with) because it shows their connection to the Royal Family and their descent from the late Prince Philip.
I always feel sorry for Lady Jane Grey when I hear her mentioned.
Why is she only referred to as lady tho? If she reigned for 9 days wasn’t she a queen, or did she not go thru coronation? It’s not sth we really went into in history we did Tudor’s and Stewart’s but she is glossed over always
@@littlemy1773 No, she was never crowned queen. She barely had time to perform any royal functions before Mary Tudor’s armed insurrection deposed her.
@@Griexxt such a shame, she may have turned out to be a good ruler as well
What annoys me about the video is that the creator has concentrated on English monarchs and not included those of Scotland until they get involved with the Scottish Monarchy. A little bias.
But he has also made a separate video of the kings of Scotland. In any case, he is entitled to make whatever videos he likes.
@@ABC_DEF my point is that both the Scottish and English monarchies make up the British monarchy. It is the British isles, so all monarchies within those islands are British.
interesting details ... there is still a Plantagenet heir, living now in Australia. Mary of Teck, married to King George V, was descended from the brother of Vlad Tepes aka Drakulya. Queen Elizabeth I, was pale as a statement of class. At that time rich women wore white makeup (with lead in it) and it may have caused her eventual death. PM Boris Johnson is a descendent of King George II.
Boris Johnson's ancestor was illegitimate though, so he has no claim to the throne.
@@wellingboroughanddistrictu3a Given Johnson's hair, and his father's hair, they are some kind of mutant ;-)
Elizabeth I used white lead make-up which is why she is always portrayed with a very pale face.
There's a Black Added special from Comic Relief featuring Charles I and Oliver Cromwell.
the true King ANGLO SAXON Blood lives on a farm in Australia, when asked he said, Nah happy here thanks
Is that the one Tony Robinson tracked down years ago ?
@@littlemy1773 yes
Edward VIII did not abdicate because Wallis Simpson was American, it was because she had been divorced twice, and Edward as King was Head of the Church of England which didn't believe in divorce, so he felt he had to abdicate. He personally was not particularly religious, and was always being told off by the clergy for not attending church. They have since become more tolerant, so Prince Charles could marry Camilla Parker-Bowles although not in church.
Even though it says in the video that Prince Charles will likely keep the family name of Windsor (his mother’s family name) he is actually part of the Mountbatten family because his father, Prince Phillip, was a Mountbatten.
Prince Philip's father's surname was Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksberg as a member of the Danish Royal Family.
Mountbatten comes from Prince Philip's mother, Princess Alice of Battenberg.
The Queen's heirs will bear the surname Windsor - that means Prince Charles, Prince William and Prince George. Her other children and descendants will bear the double barrelled surname Mountbatten-Windsor.
luis the 17th came to the throne because after nipoleon britain could decide what to do with france instead of claiming the french throne like past english kings wanted due to william the conquier being french many english kings believed they had a claim
they put the proper french heir on the throne
When you said you won't forget 1066, the amount if 4 digit locks on doors have that as the code, if not try a few other famous dates every English person knows, 1966, 3945, 1418.
Hi this is the history from the Top echelon but if you REALLY want to understand how England became what it is, and I think you do, you should try to get hold of a BBC series called “Michael Woods History of England” It’s out on DVD and it’s quite long (too long for TH-cam) but it is the history of England from the point of view of 1 village in Central England from before 1066 up to date. Everything that happens in England happens in this village and vice versa. Possibly not useful for your channel but for your own personal education I recommend you try and find the whole program. I wouldn’t suggest this if I didn’t think you would be interested and would benefit from seeing it. Keep up the good work.
Who else remembers 1066 for the battle of Hastings from the Hastings insurance company ad?
Matilda's first husband died 🥺
I'm very impressed with how much English history you've remembered, more so than a lot of English people 😂
Queen Mary was bloody Mary due to her tendency to have protestants burnt.. around 300
Then who was the one who was famous for wheeling a red dress during her own execution?? This is driving me nuts!
@@McJibbin Mary, Queen of Scots 😊 She was also wearing black and purple.
Speak for yourself dear… I know my history… 😊🇬🇧
@@Ionabrodie69 I didn't say all English people 🤣 2 now that I know of 🤔
Hey guys I originally asked this to @CeNedra in her comment down below but would like to know if anyone else knows. I thought Bloody Mary was the one who wore a red dress at her execution, I was wrong obviously but who am I thinking of?!?! 😤😡
Mary queen of Scott's I think she wore red as a sign of mytredom..but not 100 %
Pretty certain it was Mary Queen of Scots .
Queen Victoria, in her early reign, was actually a very compassionate and progressive monarch. She had a massive decline in popularity and probably came closer than any other monarch to seeing the establishment of a republic because her husband Albert died, and she became a depressed mess for the rest of her life 😅
Imagine living in germany and then someone said "hey you are the king of england now"...that was precisely what George was thinking, he even said he hated England because it's too cold, wet and cloudy and want to go back to Germany lmao, he doesn't even speak English.
Don't know if someone's already suggested. But would love to see you react to Horrible Histories! I think you'd like it! It's BBC so there may be only limited clips you could do, but they're worth doing!
Some innaccurances george the third wasn't mad,and it wasn't because he wanted to marry an American it was because she was twice divorced.
The magna carta was terrible for the peasants. Before the magna carta the common folk of Britton acted as serves but every peasant owned his own land.. So depending on weather you had a benevolent or viscous king you had a chance of good life.. The magna carta gave certain rights and freedoms from the king to the aristocracy, meaning they could buy up land and start taxing the commoner without warning the king. Essentially the common folk lost the the crowns protection..Over time the magna carta has been reinterpreted to something it was not..It offered no freedom to the actual citizens of the country,, only to foreign speaking aristocracy.
yea people dont relise most the magna carter was lords rights and some widows rights like none really helped normal people like how does stopping some lord from kicking his mum out the house after his dad die help a random farmer and thats like the most progressive of the magna carter