This is amazing! I had no idea the Nilo-Saharan languages were so old, especially Gumuz, Berta or Kunama. Truly relics of Mankind. Thank you, this is the content we need. Carry on!
It should be noted that the Nilo-Saharan theory is not very well supported. It originated in an attempt to classify all of the non-Afro-Asiatic and Niger-Congo languages of Northern Africa into a single supergroup, back when our understanding of African languages as a whole was very poor and linguists like Joseph Greenberg were working to lay the bedrock of African Comparative Linguistics. But while more and more evidence for the validity of Niger-Congo and Afro-Asiatic have emerged over the decades since their original proposal, Nilo-Saharan has if anything become *less* and less likely the more we learn about those languages. Similarities between its supposed subfamilies probably have more to do with language contact over millennia rather than a genuine common origin, and while most of the subfamilies within Nilo-Saharan are definitely their own language families (ex. Nilotic), they probably don't all belong to a single super-family. Costas Melas is presenting the theory as it is best understood by the linguists who continue to believe it, but the Nilo-Saharan theory itself is controversial bordering on fringe.
@@p00bix you are absolutely right. I am Chadian and my mother tongue is Dazaga, a Saharan language and there are not many similarities between my language and the other so-called Nilo-Saharan languages
@@mahamatmahamatabdoulaye893 dazaga and tedaga have similarities with Kanuri languages, beri( zaghawa language) and songhay languages, who many linguists perceive like a detached group of Saharan languages.
The owner of this channel is a racist. He is trying to disclude ancient Egyptian from the Niolothic cultural continuum. According to him, This artificial aswan dam is a barrier between Egyptians and Nioltes. Lmao
@@moorishsociety7339 this is NOT racism, dude. The racism is the discrimination of the race/s and excluding Afro-Asiatic ancient Egyptians from Nilotes is NOT discrimination of the race
@@itsjohnnyfox Yes it's a pure racism emerged from that racist 19th century Euro-centrist scholarship (which used to have a stronghold in the Western scientific curriculum)
@@moorishsociety7339 Don't speak for myself instead of me. My mother tongue the Egyptian Language is a Hamitic North African language which is totally different from Nilotic languages
It has also probably changed so much in the course of the millenia that it's nothing like it was back then, more or less like a native english speaker wouldn't understand proto germanic
I was reading a genetic study that shows west African nilo Saharan and Afro asiatic speakers are now linked through haplogroup e-v38 after combining E1B1A and a Ethiopian haplogroup. Suggesting that west Africans descend from East Africans. Your map here kind of suggest that as well. Fascinating stuff.
E-M2 or e-v38 is a western African haplogroup,even if it originate in Ethiopia the same goes to e1b1b which is a North African haplogroup, majority of jilotes are A and B not E ,get it .
I’ve heard stories of WA immigrating from EA Senegalese(Gambia), Malians, North Benin and South Sudanese look very identical even the language barriers.
@@AlphakeycE1b1b or E-M215 is East African in origin. So is its E-M35 subclade. Both of these are linked to Afro-Asiatic speakers and have their highest frequencies in Somalia.
Political stability in the Sahel and Sahara are needed to gain concrete archaeological data. The auroch may even have first been domesticated in the area by Nilo-Saharan speakers as all the main lactase persistence genes can be found in Africa.
Amazing video! interesting to see that Nilo-Saharan can be traced back to 9000 BCE as opposed to many other families not going further back than 2000 BCE!
Proto-Egyptian has a lot of Nilo-Saharan loanwords as well and Egyptian likely split off from the rest of Afro-Asiatic 10-8kya further proving just how old these two language families are.
@@joalvarado8506 Archaic Egyptian doesn't contain Nilotic-Saharan loanwords, stop spitting nonsense in the field I'm specialised in. Egyptian is a North Hamitic North African language no splitting occured.
@@ASMM1981EGY You’re not specialized in the field if you still use the word Hamitic as it hasn’t been part of linguistics in many decades for obvious reasons.
interesting how we can trace some language families back so far into the past, it expanded and shrunk and moved and changed time and time again, long before any of it had the chance to be written down. The time scales of prehistory are always mind-blowing.
Thank you for this video, its sad to see our languages dying due to globalization, first from the spread of Islam and now with usage of lingua francas like English 😭😔
Amazing video as always. And for me, a great learning experience even when compared to your other language videos, as, of the 5 traditional (and now mostly outdated) African language families, I think Nilo-Saharan is probably the one I'm least familiar with.
@@moorishsociety7339 the Egyptian Language is a Hamitic North African language that was created and started like all Hamitic-Semitic language branch in North Africa. Human migrations started from Africa and no major replacement reverse migrations have taken place towards North African from Asia. Nilotic languages are just one of many African languages families and they didn't enter North Africa, Hamitic-Semitic language branch started in North Africa and spread to West Asia not the other way around, the Nilotic languages never reached the Mediterranean and never entered North Africa because the Egyptian Language is already based and created in North Africa
@@ASMM1981EGYNone of the scientific literature published after the 1960s places the Afro-Asiatic Urheimat in North Africa. Its spread is linked to haplogroup E-M215 and its E-M35 subclade and both of these haplogroups, along with the language family if you read updated science, originated in East Africa. This would account for the Nilo-Saharan loanwords foundational to the Egyptian language and the Amazigh loanwords seen in northern Nubian languages.
@@joalvarado8506 You speak misleading expressions that you understand nothing about. Nilotic-Saharans as an ethnolinguistic group is older than the Hamito-Semitic, when Cushitic (South Hamitic) and Ethiosemitics originated in the Horn of Africa, the North Hamitics (Amazigh & Egyptians) populated North Africa where they settled and originated as the North Hamitic branch of this family. I'm a Genetic Anthropologist who lives in 2024 i ZILLIONS of times more aware of my field and specialisation more than you.
This is very fortunate timing. I was creating an alternate history where the Nilo-Saharan peoples were an important player, and this video can give me a good insight in their hsitory.
A lot of these are very non-specific estimations based off of the time it takes for certain grammatical and phonological features to develop plus taking into account the earliest evidence of each branch diverging
The Nilo-Saharan language family includes more than 100 language. Successive splits are so numerous that they go back the proto-language at least 10-12000 years ago, so the most remoted branches are estimated that had been splitted 8000-10000 years ago
@@CostasMelas i pretty much think that they were further north in southern Egypt, Sudan but were pushed southward by afro asiatic speakers and later arabs. Their phenotype show them to have evolved in a open semi desertic area, not a tropical one(hence their very darkskin, long limbs, very short hair, small eyes..)
@@mikailm6934 As a genetic anthropologist I can confidently say that what you're saying is the story flipped upside down, human migrations started from Africa and no major replacement reverse migrations have taken place towards North Africa from Asia. The Afro-Asiatic (Hamitic-Semitic) branch of languages spread from Africa to West Asia not the other way around as you assume. The Hamitic-Semitic branch started and were initiated and created in North Africa and then spread to West Asia. Nilotic, Niger and Bantu languages didn't enter North Africa to be replaced.
@@ASMM1981EGY you're right to some extend but i think not completly. Back and forth happened. Ancestral North Africans are the original haplogroup E carriers, their descendants are the iberomaurusians . Lastest genetic studies indeed show that the Natufian received their E from a population similar to them, they probably received a language ancestral to afro asiatic but it wasn't afro asiatic as we now today.Their african affinitiy decreased by mixing with eurasian women. After, this population expanded from southern Levant/Egypt to Sudan and the Horn where they mixed along the way with proto saharans/nilotes .Some others went to the Maghreb where their language erased the language ancestral to Afro asiatic(Berber is only 3-4k old) . In the Levant a lot of Caucasians/Iranian went to the Levant, adopted semitic languages and have propagated haplogroup J which isn't an original afroasiatic haplogroup
Invasions? Africans have been moving back and forth across the continent for millennia. Would you describe the movement of Nilo-Saharan or Cushitic speakers as invasions
great video as always :D, but the thing is that the validity of nilo-saharan as a family is controversial, but i think the modern branches here are all widely accepted
altaic isn't actually a real family. it's been disproven because the evidence is too flimsy and never consistant. the only reason they look similar is because historically they had alot of contact with each other.
I love your language history mapping videos.I'm still waiting for a video about Sino-Tibetan languages from you.Others already did it but I'm very curious to see your version on that.
Nice video, but the map is missing the Tebu languages. Also Meriotic is unclassified but was likely Afro-Asiatic, though it could have even been an Afro-Asiatic/Nilo-Saharan hybrid language.
@@CostasMelas Oh, ok. I thought the Tebu extend further north and east than the video shows, but maybe the other maps I saw were including larger regions the Tebu only rarely use.
Great video sir! I would be willing to help you with things such as research in order to make videos faster, because they are so good I can’t even wait for them! 😂 👍
it must have been very difficult to make this video but i have some doubts I noticed that the last division of this family was 1400 BC, I doubt that this condition was stable for 3400 years, I believe that there were more divisions but it would be difficult to visualize these new divisions on the map. I noticed that a piece of the Songhai language was isolated for 1300 years in the very north between Morocco and Algeria and not , and remained as the Songhai language , with isolation causing linguistic divergence
The video ended up in the main subfamilies of the Nilo-Sahara family. These families have been divided into more than 100 languages over the last millennia
@@scarymonster5541 Yes but this channel does videos for subgroups. He did for semitic, and for all subgroups of Indo-European (Germanic, Romance, etc.). Also berber are many languages, not one.
It would be quite hard since modern berber languages are only 2000 years old due to a bottleneck around the time of the fall of Carthage. Languages in North Africa before that were more diverse
I have to admit I'm a little disappointed because I was so curious about the history of Old Nubian, Modern Nubian (Nubiin), and Meroitic. I'm fascinated by the histories of the kingdoms of Aloudia, Makouria, and Nobatia, and the Nubian diaspora after their conquest by invading Arabs. For example, the Luo/Luhya fled southwards and settled in modern Kenya; Barack Obama's father was a Luo. But none of this was represented on the maps, nor were other important languages such as Kalenjin, etc. Also I believe many modern Nubian-speakers fled northwards and are now native to Egypt, where they are one of only two remaining minorities, along with the indigenous Coptic Christians. Nevertheless, awesome, amazing work! As always!
@@fyanle1382 That's actually still pretty tall for human average across the globe. It's just the few Northern European countries which have averages slightly above 6'.
One Early Nilo-Saharan speaker to another: "What's with this weird music that's always playing in the background?" Other Nilo-Saharan speaker: "Who knows? If the gods want to play music, they play music. Who knows from gods? Let's get on with the hunt!"
Who were the first language family to live in the shores of The African aide of The Red Sea?? (from what I Saw from this video, the Nilo Saharans never did)
@@CostasMelas no, nilo sahrans were present before. Modern day cushites are half dinka like, it shows they assimillated a lot of native nilo saharans in northern Sudan and along the red sea
@@mikailm6934 Bantu and Nilotics never entered North Africa. North Africa was always and still populated by Hamitic North Africans not Bantu or Nilotics
Songhai people are not indigenous of Maghreb. They’re invader who settled Eastern Sahara (Nowday in Algeria) durring the expension of Songhai Empire (1500-1600’s).
The land belongs to the land. The Maghreb did not exist before. The black sub-Saharan peoples were indeed indigenous too north Africa during the green Sahara and even today. The Toubous ppl speak a Nilo-Saharan language and they are still here. And before them in Algeria when the Sahara The Mande people were indigenous to the region, as were the ancestors of the Soninke people. And many other peoples like the bodiviens a people probably nilo saharian ancestors of the haratins who once inhabited the tassili 10 000 years before jesus christ.
IMPORTANT NOTE: The Nilo-Saharan family has not been demonstrated and could be invalid. Not saying this video is bad, but just want to through this out for people. All branches you see at the end of the video are unanimously agreed to be valid, but no consescus has been reached for inter-family relationships, if they exist.
Africans: has different languages and culture Arabs and europeans: oh hey do u have a holy book? Take it! Can't read? Oh, ok, just learn our language. What is that? U have own government? Don't worry, we gonna *fix* that
@@CostasMelas yeah, I wasn't too sure. But then I would change the title into "History of the Nilo-Saharan language *branches* " to avoid confusion, same goes for the Indo-European one. But your videos are great work and I enjoy watching them
Not, in africa it's definitely Nigeria, in terms of language groups ,it has native nilo saharan,Niger congo and Afro asiatic Chadic and some tiny Berber
I know the secret 😏, they stole our identity picturing the original arabs as whiter skinned, the enemy reads this, I assure you my brother, that we are the holders of this world, if we die it will lose it's balance and crumble, don't worry, our ancestors weren't dumb, take care
There is no absolute consensus. Most authors accept the family, but in some cases exclude the Saharan, Songhai, Ethiopian border families etc. forming different families.
@@regabrielexv+ there's little if any shrinking to see. You take screenshots of 1900 and 2000 and compare them, the shrinking mostly occurs in the region of Sudan which has engaged in the the genocidal Darfur campaign displacing and killing the peoples of the region, the Fur who are Nilotic.
![BOWKYLION - วิงวอน (ex-change) [Official MV]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/cLdnZWDaO-w/mqdefault.jpg)
This is amazing! I had no idea the Nilo-Saharan languages were so old, especially Gumuz, Berta or Kunama. Truly relics of Mankind.
Thank you, this is the content we need. Carry on!
Thank you
Everything in Africa is pretty old
It should be noted that the Nilo-Saharan theory is not very well supported. It originated in an attempt to classify all of the non-Afro-Asiatic and Niger-Congo languages of Northern Africa into a single supergroup, back when our understanding of African languages as a whole was very poor and linguists like Joseph Greenberg were working to lay the bedrock of African Comparative Linguistics.
But while more and more evidence for the validity of Niger-Congo and Afro-Asiatic have emerged over the decades since their original proposal, Nilo-Saharan has if anything become *less* and less likely the more we learn about those languages. Similarities between its supposed subfamilies probably have more to do with language contact over millennia rather than a genuine common origin, and while most of the subfamilies within Nilo-Saharan are definitely their own language families (ex. Nilotic), they probably don't all belong to a single super-family.
Costas Melas is presenting the theory as it is best understood by the linguists who continue to believe it, but the Nilo-Saharan theory itself is controversial bordering on fringe.
@@p00bix you are absolutely right. I am Chadian and my mother tongue is Dazaga, a Saharan language and there are not many similarities between my language and the other so-called Nilo-Saharan languages
@@mahamatmahamatabdoulaye893 dazaga and tedaga have similarities with Kanuri languages, beri( zaghawa language) and songhay languages, who many linguists perceive like a detached group of Saharan languages.
yet another language family done. can't wait for the History of the World Languages in a couple of years
The owner of this channel is a racist. He is trying to disclude ancient Egyptian from the Niolothic cultural continuum. According to him, This artificial aswan dam is a barrier between Egyptians and Nioltes. Lmao
@@moorishsociety7339 this is NOT racism, dude. The racism is the discrimination of the race/s and excluding Afro-Asiatic ancient Egyptians from Nilotes is NOT discrimination of the race
@@itsjohnnyfox Yes it's a pure racism emerged from that racist 19th century Euro-centrist scholarship (which used to have a stronghold in the Western scientific curriculum)
@@moorishsociety7339 lol I wanna get the drugs your smoking
@@moorishsociety7339 Don't speak for myself instead of me. My mother tongue the Egyptian Language is a Hamitic North African language which is totally different from Nilotic languages
The first African language vid on this channel, if I’m not mistaken 👍
Yes :)
hmm couldve sworn there mustve been a video before about afro-asiatic languages. hmm mustve been another channel
@@xXxSkyViperxXx I mean he did make a vid on the Semitic languages
All languages came from Africa.
@@moorishsociety7339 fair point
I didn't know Nubian diminished so recently. Basically, the Arabic speaking area of Sudan was Nubian speaking a few hundred years ago.
Nubians in Sudan still speak nubian till this day, north of Sudan
Congrats to central sudanic for surviving 7021 years
It is a branch. It has been splitted into more 60 languages during the last millennia
It is 9021, actually)
It has also probably changed so much in the course of the millenia that it's nothing like it was back then, more or less like a native english speaker wouldn't understand proto germanic
This channel is seriously singlehandedly RESHAPING my view on world history
Agreed. Great channel
Make about Berber, Cushitic and other Afroasiatic languages
It's done
@@alexangelo1998 Kushitic is east African not Afroasiatic
I was reading a genetic study that shows west African nilo Saharan and Afro asiatic speakers are now linked through haplogroup e-v38 after combining E1B1A and a Ethiopian haplogroup. Suggesting that west Africans descend from East Africans. Your map here kind of suggest that as well. Fascinating stuff.
E-M2 or e-v38 is a western African haplogroup,even if it originate in Ethiopia the same goes to e1b1b which is a North African haplogroup, majority of jilotes are A and B not E ,get it .
@@Alphakeyc you saying all that and nothing I said was wrong
I’ve heard stories of WA immigrating from EA Senegalese(Gambia), Malians, North Benin and South Sudanese look very identical even the language barriers.
@@AlphakeycE1b1b or E-M215 is East African in origin. So is its E-M35 subclade. Both of these are linked to Afro-Asiatic speakers and have their highest frequencies in Somalia.
Political stability in the Sahel and Sahara are needed to gain concrete archaeological data. The auroch may even have first been domesticated in the area by Nilo-Saharan speakers as all the main lactase persistence genes can be found in Africa.
you need to do Bantu next, and maybe Sino-Tibetan or Berber after that
I am an anthropologist working on the Kunama, and this is fascinating....most of it overlaps with the oral history of the Kunama as told by them,
Thank you
I'm a nilot, this is awesome. One of those tiny pixels are my ancestors ☺️
You're from South Sudan ?
@@yacin5590 I'm from Kenya. Kalenjin
@@LearnKuCode and what means kalenjin ?
@@yacin5590 its a Nilotic group of tribes. *Distant cousins with tribes from sudan
Watching history unfold in a map format makes all the difference. Brings it to life.
Amazing video! interesting to see that Nilo-Saharan can be traced back to 9000 BCE as opposed to many other families not going further back than 2000 BCE!
@@regabrielexv Yea so this video is mostly speculative as non of this might have actually happend
@@blu9700 not "none of this", since that's like telling evolution never happened.
Proto-Egyptian has a lot of Nilo-Saharan loanwords as well and Egyptian likely split off from the rest of Afro-Asiatic 10-8kya further proving just how old these two language families are.
@@joalvarado8506 Archaic Egyptian doesn't contain Nilotic-Saharan loanwords, stop spitting nonsense in the field I'm specialised in. Egyptian is a North Hamitic North African language no splitting occured.
@@ASMM1981EGY You’re not specialized in the field if you still use the word Hamitic as it hasn’t been part of linguistics in many decades for obvious reasons.
interesting how we can trace some language families back so far into the past, it expanded and shrunk and moved and changed time and time again, long before any of it had the chance to be written down. The time scales of prehistory are always mind-blowing.
Thank you for this video, its sad to see our languages dying due to globalization, first from the spread of Islam and now with usage of lingua francas like English 😭😔
and bantu
By the time English takes over it will have split into different languages itself
Islam is not a problem
@@محمديونس-7 hahah it actually is
@@SadSvit-d2x
For you sickly mind
Amazing video as always. And for me, a great learning experience even when compared to your other language videos, as, of the 5 traditional (and now mostly outdated) African language families, I think Nilo-Saharan is probably the one I'm least familiar with.
Thank you very much
The distribution of nilo-saharan follows ancient rivers in the sahara which are now long gone.
Wow really
It used to reach all the way up to Mediterranean along the Nile.
@@moorishsociety7339 the Egyptian Language is a Hamitic North African language that was created and started like all Hamitic-Semitic language branch in North Africa. Human migrations started from Africa and no major replacement reverse migrations have taken place towards North African from Asia. Nilotic languages are just one of many African languages families and they didn't enter North Africa, Hamitic-Semitic language branch started in North Africa and spread to West Asia not the other way around, the Nilotic languages never reached the Mediterranean and never entered North Africa because the Egyptian Language is already based and created in North Africa
@@ASMM1981EGYNone of the scientific literature published after the 1960s places the Afro-Asiatic Urheimat in North Africa. Its spread is linked to haplogroup E-M215 and its E-M35 subclade and both of these haplogroups, along with the language family if you read updated science, originated in East Africa. This would account for the Nilo-Saharan loanwords foundational to the Egyptian language and the Amazigh loanwords seen in northern Nubian languages.
@@joalvarado8506 You speak misleading expressions that you understand nothing about. Nilotic-Saharans as an ethnolinguistic group is older than the Hamito-Semitic, when Cushitic (South Hamitic) and Ethiosemitics originated in the Horn of Africa, the North Hamitics (Amazigh & Egyptians) populated North Africa where they settled and originated as the North Hamitic branch of this family. I'm a Genetic Anthropologist who lives in 2024 i ZILLIONS of times more aware of my field and specialisation more than you.
This is very fortunate timing. I was creating an alternate history where the Nilo-Saharan peoples were an important player, and this video can give me a good insight in their hsitory.
Imma subscribe to see when it comes out
Noice! I barely knew anything about this family before i saw this video! Great work Costas Melas!
Thank you
Great work on all your language videos
Cant wait for more
Thank you
Since 8700 BC? Wow
*This is good. I hope you will make more African languages video*
Thank you
It is impresive how Gumuz has its origins in a language born milenials before Indo-european family and it still remains
How do we even know when these languages developed and diverged, especially if they did so around 7000 BC
A lot of these are very non-specific estimations based off of the time it takes for certain grammatical and phonological features to develop plus taking into account the earliest evidence of each branch diverging
The Nilo-Saharan language family includes more than 100 language. Successive splits are so numerous that they go back the proto-language at least 10-12000 years ago, so the most remoted branches are estimated that had been splitted 8000-10000 years ago
@@CostasMelas i pretty much think that they were further north in southern Egypt, Sudan but were pushed southward by afro asiatic speakers and later arabs. Their phenotype show them to have evolved in a open semi desertic area, not a tropical one(hence their very darkskin, long limbs, very short hair, small eyes..)
@@mikailm6934 As a genetic anthropologist I can confidently say that what you're saying is the story flipped upside down, human migrations started from Africa and no major replacement reverse migrations have taken place towards North Africa from Asia. The Afro-Asiatic (Hamitic-Semitic) branch of languages spread from Africa to West Asia not the other way around as you assume. The Hamitic-Semitic branch started and were initiated and created in North Africa and then spread to West Asia. Nilotic, Niger and Bantu languages didn't enter North Africa to be replaced.
@@ASMM1981EGY you're right to some extend but i think not completly. Back and forth happened. Ancestral North Africans are the original haplogroup E carriers, their descendants are the iberomaurusians . Lastest genetic studies indeed show that the Natufian received their E from a population similar to them, they probably received a language ancestral to afro asiatic but it wasn't afro asiatic as we now today.Their african affinitiy decreased by mixing with eurasian women. After, this population expanded from southern Levant/Egypt to Sudan and the Horn where they mixed along the way with proto saharans/nilotes .Some others went to the Maghreb where their language erased the language ancestral to Afro asiatic(Berber is only 3-4k old) . In the Levant a lot of Caucasians/Iranian went to the Levant, adopted semitic languages and have propagated haplogroup J which isn't an original afroasiatic haplogroup
Маленький кусочек сонгайского на севере Сахары:я обязательно выживу
Ok
@@Oppistan This language is thousand and thousand more older than Russian language.
It's located in the south west of Algeria , it called Tabalbala living with local Zenete berber
@@edoughgeographic9247 I confirme that
It is amazing to see how the Nilotes were spread across the east Sahel prior to the bantu *expansion*
Invasions? Africans have been moving back and forth across the continent for millennia. Would you describe the movement of Nilo-Saharan or Cushitic speakers as invasions
@@listenup2882 bantu invasion is a real thing what are you talking about?
@@listenup2882 Yes i describe them as invasions
@@listenup2882 Bantu invasions are a thing lmao😂 expansions is another to say it as well
They were also in Egypt, he completely ignored.
soon there will be a language mapping video of all the language families per continent and then there will be one for the world!!!
Very ambitious but I would like to make it
@@CostasMelas yes it would be epic
great video as always :D, but the thing is that the validity of nilo-saharan as a family is controversial, but i think the modern branches here are all widely accepted
Thank you. There is no consensus about the Nilo-Saharan family among the authors, but it remains the most popular view
Except eastern Sudanic
Do video by language family(indo european, nilo saharan, sino tibetan, afro asiatic , northeast and noarthwest caucasian, altaic etc)
It is difficult, but i will try it in the future (a map with all the families)
altaic isn't actually a real family. it's been disproven because the evidence is too flimsy and never consistant. the only reason they look similar is because historically they had alot of contact with each other.
NWC and NEC is probably just NC,A single family since it's proto languages are very similar
Not what i expected, but it is sure granted! Good job!
Thank you
Good documentation video. Greeting from Southeast Asia.
Thank you
Could you do the Amazigh/Berber languages or Bantu languages next?
Or maybe just Afro-Asiatic languGes in general like youre Indo-European language video
Man, I have been waiting for this.
ah this is great
probably do another african one next
Niger congo or Khoisan?
Thank you. Most likely is the Niger-Congo
@@redacted9280 yeah. it's literally just a cluster of isolates connected by nothing more than proximity and clicking.
@@redacted9280 could still display them seperately, it dosent have to begin with a single proto-language
@@iamseamonkey6688 they are split into 3 families tho, and there is a chance that sandawr from tanzania is related to one of these families
It’s crazy how at the genesis of the Nilo-Saharan language family-8000bc-the Sahara desert was a lush savana
Crazy how old this language family is, that's rare
Make a video about the language of korean/japanese family
Very impressive, bravo !
Thank you
I love your language history mapping videos.I'm still waiting for a video about Sino-Tibetan languages from you.Others already did it but I'm very curious to see your version on that.
Thank you
8000 years of history, wow
11 000*
Please make video about afro-asiatic language
Saharan speakers must be real Chads
^ I see what you did there
You sneaky rascal
Do one for the history of the
Costas Melas subscriber count.
Good idea for the special 50,000 subs video :)
Nice video, but the map is missing the Tebu languages. Also Meriotic is unclassified but was likely Afro-Asiatic, though it could have even been an Afro-Asiatic/Nilo-Saharan hybrid language.
Thank you. They are included in the Sahara branch. The video ends up in the main branches, not in individual languages that are more than 100
@@CostasMelas Oh, ok. I thought the Tebu extend further north and east than the video shows, but maybe the other maps I saw were including larger regions the Tebu only rarely use.
good video, but can you do history of afro-asiatic languages since you did the first vid about african languages?
Thank you. I will try it in the next period
Great job👍
Thank you
Another great research bravo costas👏🏻👏🏻👏🏻
Thank you
Great video as always.
Thank you
Great video sir! I would be willing to help you with things such as research in order to make videos faster, because they are so good I can’t even wait for them! 😂 👍
Thank you
Also half of them is in danger of extinction now
it must have been very difficult to make this video but i have some doubts
I noticed that the last division of this family was 1400 BC, I doubt that this condition was stable for 3400 years, I believe that there were more divisions but it would be difficult to visualize these new divisions on the map.
I noticed that a piece of the Songhai language was isolated for 1300 years in the very north between Morocco and Algeria and not , and remained as the Songhai language , with isolation causing linguistic divergence
The video ended up in the main subfamilies of the Nilo-Sahara family. These families have been divided into more than 100 languages over the last millennia
Can you do Berber languages next?
The berber language would be in afro asiatic
@@scarymonster5541 Yes but this channel does videos for subgroups. He did for semitic, and for all subgroups of Indo-European (Germanic, Romance, etc.).
Also berber are many languages, not one.
@@kherstein9581 ok
It would be quite hard since modern berber languages are only 2000 years old due to a bottleneck around the time of the fall of Carthage. Languages in North Africa before that were more diverse
I have to admit I'm a little disappointed because I was so curious about the history of Old Nubian, Modern Nubian (Nubiin), and Meroitic. I'm fascinated by the histories of the kingdoms of Aloudia, Makouria, and Nobatia, and the Nubian diaspora after their conquest by invading Arabs. For example, the Luo/Luhya fled southwards and settled in modern Kenya; Barack Obama's father was a Luo. But none of this was represented on the maps, nor were other important languages such as Kalenjin, etc. Also I believe many modern Nubian-speakers fled northwards and are now native to Egypt, where they are one of only two remaining minorities, along with the indigenous Coptic Christians. Nevertheless, awesome, amazing work! As always!
Thank you very much
Can you please do afro Asiatic thanks
Fun Fact: Nilotic speakers are the tallest, darkest and thinnest people in the world :)
Not all of them, I'm Nilotic and I'm 5'9 and brown, the same way not all Scandinavians are blonde
@@fyanle1382 That's actually still pretty tall for human average across the globe. It's just the few Northern European countries which have averages slightly above 6'.
so i just have to learn nilotic and then i'll be tall?
no its the nilotic people that are tall, not the speakers
Not really the tallest people in the world are the people from the dinaric Alps
@@nicolaseito5172 Watch Drew Binsky’s video in South Sudan and make your decision
love your work!!!
Thank you
Please, make about Tocharian language
Kevin MacLeod is a legend
Very beautiful video.
Thank you
You should do Cushitic language in southern Ethiopia and Somalia
Why restricted to those two countries. Cushitic languages are also spoken in Kenya and elsewhere.
One Early Nilo-Saharan speaker to another: "What's with this weird music that's always playing in the background?"
Other Nilo-Saharan speaker: "Who knows? If the gods want to play music, they play music. Who knows from gods? Let's get on with the hunt!"
lmao
It's beautiful but what's about Tocharian ones
Same
@@QwertyQwerty-bf9tt I'm Qwerty too 😆
Are there Songhay language remnants till today on the Algero-Moroccan borders???
Yes, mainly in the area of the oasis Tabelbala
I'm surprised that you mentioned the isolated one in the west of Algeria, it's called Tabalbala
Yeah that's crazy. They speak korandje a songhai créole
Make a history of the nigero-congolese languages
Personally,I suport the view that Nilo-Saharan originated in southern Egypt and expanded south along the Nile
What program are videos made in?
Amazing video
Thank you
Maybe Nigero Kongolian or Bantu next??
Most likely Niger-Congo
The reason why African language families are so old (>6000 BC) Its because it's literally the homeland of human race...
FINALLY AN AFRICAN LANGUAGE FAMILY
I heard the music at 700 BC and already knew what was going to happen
Afro-Asiatic is next I'm guessing
He said niger congo
I love your videos 😍
Thank you
Tai-kadai languages Family pls
Nice!
Is meroetic Nilo-Saharan? I think it's more of a Cushistic language
I am saharian from 🇹🇩 😊
For reference 3:34 When the only Indo-European language was still only Proto-Indo-European. (Edited: see below).
Indo-European goes before 4500 BC,At that time Anatolian had already split from PIE,probably at around 5500 BC
@@HYDROCARBON_XD Sure thing. I edited the timestamp. Thanks for the info.
Who were the first language family to live in the shores of The African aide of The Red Sea??
(from what I Saw from this video, the Nilo Saharans never did)
Afroasiatic, mainly the Cushitic branch
@@CostasMelas and the Second?? (if You know at least)
@@diegoragot655 And Afroasiatic Omotic and unattested Paleo-Ethiopian languages related mayde with Shabo, Ongota etc.
@@CostasMelas no, nilo sahrans were present before. Modern day cushites are half dinka like, it shows they assimillated a lot of native nilo saharans in northern Sudan and along the red sea
@@mikailm6934 Bantu and Nilotics never entered North Africa. North Africa was always and still populated by Hamitic North Africans not Bantu or Nilotics
I propose that Nilo-Saharan urheimat origin is in south Egypt
Do the same with languages in Latin America please!
What is that white gap in the middle?
Kordofanian groups
Funny how you can see the borders of chad basically shows how it's so random and it's just made based on his opinion
When you got to the second millenium before christianity : ah finally modern days
Songhai people are not indigenous of Maghreb. They’re invader who settled Eastern Sahara (Nowday in Algeria) durring the expension of Songhai Empire (1500-1600’s).
They just came back, they are indigenous and what you call Maghreb has barely clear borders especially in the desert
I know the Arabs are invaders but Africans are indigenous.
The land belongs to the land. The Maghreb did not exist before. The black sub-Saharan peoples were indeed indigenous too north Africa during the green Sahara and even today. The Toubous ppl speak a Nilo-Saharan language and they are still here. And before them in Algeria when the Sahara The Mande people were indigenous to the region, as were the ancestors of the Soninke people.
And many other peoples like the bodiviens a people probably nilo saharian ancestors of the haratins who once inhabited the tassili 10 000 years before jesus christ.
IMPORTANT NOTE:
The Nilo-Saharan family has not been demonstrated and could be invalid.
Not saying this video is bad, but just want to through this out for people. All branches you see at the end of the video are unanimously agreed to be valid, but no consescus has been reached for inter-family relationships, if they exist.
I wonder what was the small Songhai part remaining
Africans: has different languages and culture
Arabs and europeans: oh hey do u have a holy book? Take it! Can't read? Oh, ok, just learn our language. What is that? U have own government? Don't worry, we gonna *fix* that
Almost all the languages you saw in this video didn't have a writing system until the arrival of Europeans and Arabs. So educate yourself.
The africans have writing system but they never share with their neighbour
But for the non africans they share the writinf system
They don't have anything. They have never made anything
@@geoDB. how about nsibidi?
Are these languages or language branches?
Language branches. They are splitted into more than 100 languages over the last millennia
@@CostasMelas yeah, I wasn't too sure. But then I would change the title into "History of the Nilo-Saharan language *branches* " to avoid confusion, same goes for the Indo-European one. But your videos are great work and I enjoy watching them
Cool
所以说埃塞俄比亚是最具有语言多样性的国家
不一定。有人说印尼是最具有语言多样性的国家。
Not, in africa it's definitely Nigeria, in terms of language groups ,it has native nilo saharan,Niger congo and Afro asiatic Chadic and some tiny Berber
The Nubian language replace by Arabic 🥹🥹😭😭
Well it was the nubians who intermarried with the arabs
I know the secret 😏, they stole our identity picturing the original arabs as whiter skinned, the enemy reads this, I assure you my brother, that we are the holders of this world, if we die it will lose it's balance and crumble, don't worry, our ancestors weren't dumb, take care
@@scarymonster5541they were largely mixed with arabs who conquered their kingdom and gave up their language forever
@@Erdifils the arabs never conquered them but the arabs migrated to thier land and marry with the locals
Nilosaharans - highest people on the planet.
Please make one with the Altaic language family.
He made them already.
Almost as big as Bantu yeah
can u do afro asiatic all together
How do you know everything?
Is Nilo-Saharan a legitimate family?
There is no absolute consensus. Most authors accept the family, but in some cases exclude the Saharan, Songhai, Ethiopian border families etc. forming different families.
Is afroasiatic legitimate?
@@listenup2882 most likely
Is Niger-Congo legitimate? Bantoid languages are but what about the rest
@@davidmccarroll2280 it is more legitimate
Why they suddenly shrinked?
@Noah Pritchett Yes
@@regabrielexv No
@@regabrielexv very few speak these as s native language there , except maybe portuguese
@Noah Pritchett not really Bantu. Bantu speakers are farmers and were never interested in the Sahel or Sahara
@@regabrielexv+ there's little if any shrinking to see. You take screenshots of 1900 and 2000 and compare them, the shrinking mostly occurs in the region of Sudan which has engaged in the the genocidal Darfur campaign displacing and killing the peoples of the region, the Fur who are Nilotic.