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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 6 มี.ค. 2016
- View full lesson: ed.ted.com/lessons/the-origins...
Can you imagine a party where every movement and every visual detail were governed by a complex system of rules and procedures? For centuries, such rituals were commonplace for European nobility. And while they’ve gone out of fashion, we recognize the components under a familiar label: ballet. Jennifer Tortorello and Adrienne Westwood outline the history of this graceful and precise dance.
Lesson by Jennifer Tortorello and Adrienne Westwood, animation by Moran Barak Studio.
Italians invented ballet, the French evolved it, and Russia perfected it
French and Italian people worked side by side in creating and improving ballet, also with German and Dutch people: Pierre Beauchamp, Feuillet, Noverre, Filippo Taglioni, Carlo Blasis, Auguste Vestris, Auguste Bournonville, Marius Petipa, Arthur Saint-León, etc., etc.
Then Russians evolved the technique: Agrippina Vaganova, Serge Lifar, Asaff Messerer, George Balanchine.
All other "schools" in the world are mostly derivations from the latest huge evolution made in Russia, RAD, American, Cuba, and anyone else "proud" of its school when the technique is 99% identical to those Russian made. The rest is just a syllabus modification.
I'm a ballet dancer, what i believed is Russia invented ballet, France made the words. I DID NOT KNOW ITALY INVENTED BALLET ALL ALONG!
i was watching ballet history , i dont know if todays ballet{ their are many forms i know} the russian ifluenced ballet is as beautiful as some historic things ive seen its too mechanic lacking in beauty in motion.some of the older ballet i have see was not so rigid.but im an artist not a balerina.just my opinion
❤
@@casshews same. But i used to think France invented it.
I always thought ballet started in France... you learn something new everyday
It seems like ballet as we know it today has its roots in France. We probably wouldn't recognize the original Italian dance as ballet (at least that's what I understood from this video)
I though it was from Russia jaja
Dont confuse baroque dance with the mid and 19 century ballet.
Ballet is pretty much rooted to 1661, the first dance school in the world, and also the first codification of dancing, which as the video states, was in France. Even then ballet productions were nothing similar to today's, our ballets are Classical, mostly from 1875 to 1925. Ballets from 1925 to 1975 are pretty much modern or neo-classical, then comes also contemporanean ballets later on. Earlier ballets are ballet d'actions, ballet comiques and ballet de courts. So today's ballet didn't start in France, but it's pretty much agreed to make 1661 France the born on ballet. (the feet positions make a huge weight on this)
Basically
Ballet was birthed in Italy.
Raised in France.
And continued to live it’s life in Russia where it then perfected.
I'm curious about when did ballet start to be viewed as such a feminine art form, almost exclusively for females?
Well, it wasn't like that at the beginning. In fact, it was a male only for a short lapse of time. I would say it became more feminine when the pointe shoes were created, since they needed a partner to be longer over them, then lots of partnering skills aroused and men became the partners, and women the stars of ballets. 1832 would be it then, with the first Sylphide, Marie Taglioni.
When women became more objectified; as something to be viewed for pleasure.
1830s
It might have something with the general American perception of European aristocracy as the effeminate opposite of the American Cowboy. And since ballet has always been inextricably linked to European aristocracy, it became a casualty of American masculine identity.
Basically, ballet needs less swans and princes, and more burgers and short-sighted foreign policy decisions to catch on.
Joss Goyanko that last bit tho
This is brilliant ! I showed it during an outreach program to year 2 students in London! They absolutely loved it! We then worked our way through to mimic how people would walk around with their big dresses in Italian courts, and all the way to modern days ballet steps . Thank you so so much for the help, it's a great, fun lesson.
Lazy Dancer Tips i
@@nutthasaeliaw5582 red. B
It's interesting how ballet remained prominent in Russia even during the Soviet era, given its aristocratic origin. You'd think that it would be one of the first traditions that the Bolsheviks would have purged, among the trappings of the old elite.
+aethelred Maybe it´s because in classical ballet all is determinated, nothing unforseeable happens.
Perhaps. I hadn't thought of that.
Ballet has always been accessible to the non-elites even during the days of the czar.
It's interesting indeed considering how Russian ballet survived the political turbulence of the early 20th century, remaining intact. It's as if the entire art form has been preserved in a time capsule. Choreography is still very traditional, and you don't see any kind of modern works performed by major ballet companies, especially the prestigious Bolshoi and Mariinsky.
I remembered watching a documentary on the Vaganova Academy (training school for the Bolshoi) and a teacher remarked that during her younger years, she though that ballet might die out someday, especially with the advent of new technology, new forms of entertainment. But no, it turns out Ballet never dies. It is an immortal art indeed that shall live on for many generations to come.
They really like them pliés
I think the Bolsheviks, even back then, kept cultural things to export internationally as a way of spreading its influence. It was a wise choice.
As I am watching this video, I'm putting my hair in a bun to go to ballet class! Haha!
I watched it while gathering up enough bobby pins for my daughters bun for her exam tomorrow :-)
Melaina Jacoby Same
SHOUTOUT TO BALLERINAS!!!!!!
whoop ballerinas!! (and the mums that sort your buns, sew your ribbons and buy your bobby pins)
+Lauren Whitehead We don't get enough recognition for the pain we go through.
Thank you
+Lauren Whitehead Thanks!!
+Lauren Whitehead Thanks :P
I've been a dancer almost my entire life, and I always forget that these kinds of things (ballet originating as a form of courtly etiquette, the whole thing with Louis XIV) aren't common knowledge to some people. In most ballet classes, you're taught tons of history about where ballet came from and how it became the way it is today. Another fun fact that wasn't mentioned in this video: there is no particular 'right' technique for certain movements, since there are six main methods of how it is taught -the French method, the Vaganova method (Russian), the Cecchetti method (Italian), the Bournonville method (Danish), the Royal Academy of Dance method (English), and the Balanchine method (American). All of these methods have pretty distinct styles, and they put emphasis on different aspects of dance, such as graceful lines, or strength and endurance. If your ballet training was anything like mine, you probably were most often taught using varying techniques pulled from the French, Vaganova, and Cecchetti methods.
A truly informative video: Thank you! And kudos to you for crediting Catherine de' Medici as the original patron of ballet. Catherine brought chefs, lace makers, embroiderers, musicians, dancers, acrobats, artists, etc. etc. with her when she married the future Henri II of France. So much of French culture evolved from her followers....
the ice cream too
Russian ballet is absolute perfection! The highest form of art, discipline and elegance! 💖
Is it possible to do one about the classical music genre?
Yes! Please! I love Classical Music!
Lomogrammaton YESSS
Ballet is so beautiful and aesthetic 😍💕
Why was the twentieth century left out on this video on ballet? You did mention the Russian role in the development (most likely referring to Diaghilev's les Ballets Russes) of ballet, which was the early twentieth century. But after that, many other forms of ballet arose, that would definitely be worth mentioning in this video, I find.
+Chris Right?! How can you cover ballet and not mention Russia? The Mariinsky and Bolshoi Ballet, Vaganova Technique, for crying out loud *Tchaikovsky*! Ballet without Russia would pale in comparison to what it is today.
+Chris They are covering the origins. To this point I understand but it really misses Taglioni and pointe shoes.
+louiselins The Royal Opera House channel has a very interesting video about the development of modern ballet that covers this (long time i saw, but if it interest you, it's around lol)
Yana Costa Thank you. I'm subscribed at them. I meant I believe they should have included the origins of pointe shoes on this video.
Chris well this video is just the BEGGING of ballet so they left the development aside but I'm agree it will be very interesting to see the history of ballet until today
We also have choreographers who break the boundaries of ballet such as Martha Graham and Twyla Tharp, by creating modern and contemporary ballets.
Fascinating! Such a beautiful art form💃🏻
What an amazing history lesson.
you never explained how dancers began dancing on their toes
+islezeus The Royal Ballet of London has a TH-cam account that includes a series of videos about the history and development of ballet. They have a video specifically on the history of how pointe shoes came to be. They are really informative and include beautiful dancers.
Summary, to create the illusion of flying they used pulley systems to lift the dancers over their toes, it was inefficient and broke down sometimes though. Later a girl whose name I don’t remember stuffed her shoes and danced “en pointe” (just bourees) for the first time. The audience loved it, and mostly the italians started doing more complex moves in pointe shoes. Everyone else caught on and pointe shoes evolved to be more comfortable and safer until we got what we have today.
was it maria taglioni who danced on pointe or perhaps Camargo who is known to be the first ballerina in the world on record for replacing a boy. she was taught by Prevost.. I am attempting to write a book on ballet. a topic I knew nothing about but have learned much in the process
Maria Taglioni started the idea of dancing en pointe because she wanted to create the illusion of flying or floating. She first started by going on her toes for a couple of seconds, then her father proceeded to making her shoes thicker, so she could stay on her toes for a little longer. Her father kept 'evolving' the shoes until finally he added wood and then pointe shoes were born.
This was very informative and well-explained.
A well done summary with essential stages of the history of dance; I took an exam at university on the history of dance
Ballet is my passion😆
Omg me too I'm practicing and saving up for some ballet shoes
Me too i one hope to be a professional ballerina with ABT and become principal dancer one day. Perform at Lincoln Center/Met opera house❤ NYC❤
same
In my opinion Ballet is like the mother of the dance
Larissa Malta Perhaps western dance. It really didn't influence African or Indian folk dances which predated ballet by some time.
more the other way around. like Ballet is the star child of the western dance family. There are far older styles of dance practiced in the west such as clog-dancing and jigging. Some of these can get just as intricate as Ballet, but their origins seem to be totally different. It's likely they arise from ancient sacred dances, with some movements mimicking the use of ancient farm implements. Now, European folk dance-particularly Slavic folk dancing- did influence Ballet in the Romantic era: but this represents a later addition and many of the techniques feel very odd to the ballet practitioner. Arabia, India and China also have "classical" or courtly dancing traditions essentially uninfluenced by Ballet.
Like with martial arts however, a lot of the techniques of dance were discovered by multiple people in different parts of the world. So some things will seem familiar to a ballet practitioner learning say Indian classical dance, and vice versa. But the final product ends up looking very different. There are only so many ways the human body can move, and so people of all cultures utilize many of the same movements. But people in different parts of the world, emphasize different parts of the body, different kinds of movement and string the movements together into what is an overall different aesthetic.
I’m pretty sure there’s no single mother of dancing, although some dances definitely influenced others, the art of dancing developed independently across every culture in many different locations. If by mother you meant the oldest dance form, I’m sorry to burst your bubble, but the oldest surviving dance form is Bharatnatyam, a classical dance from South India. Images of the god Shiva, also known as Nataraja (literally meaning “Lord of Dance”) demonstrating the various moves of the dance have been found that date back to centuries before the birth of Christ.
@Notre Aira The fact that you said they are "way better" shows you're more interested in some sort of cultural dominance debate than discussion ballet and its place in the world history of dance.
Ballet is comparatively a very young dance form. Hinduism being the oldest religion has several dance forms which go back thousands of years. They are mostly performed in the name of God. 😊❤
that c jump at 2:45 gave me life
I don’t suppose you could make a separate video that goes in depth to the various periods of ballet’s evolution and how the art of those times influenced ballet
These are the only French words that I know an understand because of being a ballerina for 13 years. I loved this video!!!
awesome video! I would like to ask, is it possible that you guys could eventually do a video on the unification of Italy? It would be really cool.
Boring
+PeppeDaBari I suppose everybody has different interests for topics. I personally find it interesting. :D
sounds great
+Rita Vilar oh cool! somebody agrees with me. :D
Omg yes!
I'm in the Royal Academy of Dance. For real.
good for you
TheQueasyBee None wow that’s really cool no kidding
ballet is the gold standard. so much of our training ideology and finer aesthetic sensibility comes from the golden gem of civilization.
A little addition: Jean Baptiste Lully was not only the director of royal music academy, but also a quite close friend of Louis XIV, and also a prominent composer in his circle.
Alvin Laurentius He was the virtual dictator of French music as long as he lived, but he was really talented.
BALLET IS REALLY HISTORICAL AND Spectacular !!🙌🙌
I wish i had a job where i could start dancing again... i love it so so much...
Awesome!!!!!
Why would someone dislike this?!?!?
about 41 people did but my best guess is they don't like ballet or the cartoon figured creeped them out
His mispronounciation of Lully was pretty cringey.
French people realizing they lack of culture innovations lol
I am a student of Ballet, and I wanna perform at the Paris Opera Ballet!
I’m a 4th grader and I learned this video in ballet at performing arts in Philadelphia
I love this video!!!
I remember watching this every year in elementary
Thank you so muuuch !!!!
Awesome!
Hi, I love your videos! Could you do one about what causes sore throats? I love this video, I do ballet and it is so interesting to see where it began! I had no idea!!
Please make more riddles!!!! THANKS
I love ballet! 💝💝💝💝
I'm in the Royal Academy of Dance, been in it for 5 years
I have seen pictures of Louis XIV in that costume before, yet this was the first time I ever heard of it being a costume for a play. I always thought it was just something he wore and found that pretty strange. :D On the same note, this was the first time I heard why he was actually called the Sun King. You learn something new every day...
Just took my grade 7 RAD ballet exam a couple weeks ago:)
How'd it go I did my grade 5 although I'm in 7th grade going into 8th I'll be in intermediate foundation this year but we do rad in Alabama which is were I live so i don't if class names are different
I have to listen to this every day in ballet class Mr. Lexi if you’re reading this what’s up
The way he pronounced Jean-Baptiste Lully though...
Yeah, but it's kinda cute ^^
Damnnnn the Medicis are SO iconic!!!
👰♀👸❤🔥💝💖
Awesome! :)
Honestly, I came here just to see Louis XIV... He's literally my favorite monarch in history.
0:10 I was like had yes!!!! yes I can imagine that! my dad does that to me when I'm walking around; in our own house!
I'd sure like to get to know other ballets from around the world.
So cool I've been dancing most of my life and didn't know this
Please do a video on hula (and other dances pleasseee)
Please make a video on ballroom dance history
I just accidentally walked into my first ballet at Opera de Paris and was changed as a person so here I am 🤣
I've heard people say something like all forms of dance got what they have from ballet, like ballet is central to everything, is that true?
+JoHorror That's definitely not true. There are many forms of dance that have nothing to do with ballet. Tap dance, Hip Hop (break dance, popping, street), Indian classical dance, Latin (salsa, bachata, merengue) to name a few. However, ballet is central to contemporary, jazz, and theatre. It is also extremely good at developing balance, coordination, flexibility, agility which you need if you want to be a great dancer.
Have always loved the way Americans pronounce the word"ballet".....mingling with crowds at The Edinburgh International Festival,you'd be able to recognise those from US.....ah,summer evenings outside the theatre in anticipation don't get much better🎭
They should do a video on point shoes
Italians pretty much created all of Europe's culture
Nope
+samy said mmmh they have a big share with the roman empire conquering europe, the roman languages all over europe and vatican city, but it's definitely not everything.
Nati Whatever whenever there's a video of some sort relating to modern euro culture, it's almost always traced back to ancient Rome or Renaissance Italy. Didn't mean literally everything, but Italians really do deserve a bulk of the credit for what Europe is today.
samy said
absolutely agreed. but please don't neclect the eastern europe / nordic / germanic cultures ;)
Once Italy was the bigest and most important empire in Europe. Now your country is poor and shit.
@ted ed HEY PLEASE DO ONE ON THE TEENAGE BRAIN
Highlights
Ballet originated in Renaissance Italy as a combination of social dance and choreographed display at aristocratic gatherings. 🩰
Louis XIV founded the Royal Academy of Dance and appointed his personal ballet master, Pierre Beauchamp, to codify the five main positions of the body still used today. 💃
Ballet moved away from the royal court to the theater and survived the democratic revolutions and reforms that followed over the next century. 🎭
The advent of the romantic movement saw fantasy and folklore themes become common motifs in ballet. ✨
Today, ballet is performed by professionals who spend their lives training rigorously to perform feats that would have been unimaginable in Louis XIV's day. 👏
Summary
The origins of ballet can be traced back to Renaissance Italy where it was a combination of social dance and choreographed display at aristocratic gatherings. The dance form evolved into an essential skill for all gentlemen of the era during the reign of Louis XIV in France, who founded the Royal Academy of Dance and appointed his personal ballet master, Pierre Beauchamp, to codify the five main positions of the body still used today. Ballet moved away from the royal court to the theater and survived the democratic revolutions and reforms that followed over the next century.
🩰👑👠💍💎💃🏰💒🌈⭐❄🪄♀
What music is this. It's adorable
I like how it was considered a masculine art and today people call it effeminate.
Is it possible that you could do one on string theory?
Since the people in the thumbnail has oval faces and white hair and his is about ballet,I am thinking of pearl from Steven universe
I miss ballet... :'(
Grandeur
Can anyone give me the title of the melody which started from 1:25 ? It’s very pleasant and relaxing too☺️
It could have been composed for this video. I am not an expert on music (I’m a ballet teacher) but it sounds Baroque. If you like it, perhaps you should look for some of Jean Baptiste Lully’s music.
I see,
I listened to the baroque music of Jean Baptiste as you suggested to me, I really like😊
Thanks for your reply 🙏
does anyone know the font that " The Royal Academy of Dance" is written in at 2:58 ? I really like it!
Verdini Comic TM-23 sans
+The Travelling Vegan Engineer thanks!
i started shaking at the "survived the democratic revolutions and reforms". if it didn't, my life would be completely different. I started doing ballet at almost 4yo and I can't imagine my life without
rond de jambe : rounded yam . LOGIC . Im a dancer and the yam is a joke with my other dancer friend . I also got mildly offended when the briefly mentioned Russia , Like wtf , Russian 6 yr olds are practically flying through the flying air , but jeez its crazy how intense the Russians are .
My ballet teacher made me watch this
I wish i continued my ballet when i was around the age of 3 :( My teacher stopped teaching ballet and i refused to join and go to another school which i regret now im 14 im too nervous to join again cuz maybe they’ll bully me cuz im not that flexible anymore :< and im too old
You're never to old to start. Do what makes you happy!
I want this guy to be the narrator for all the videos now...
Cool
I am the state!
YAAY I LOVE DANCE SO MUCH DANCE IS SO GOOD I LOVE IT SO MUCH....... help me
Intéressant
If ballet hadn’t moved from the French royal court to the theatre, the French Revolution would have killed it.
It is really funny because i started bslket just a few weeks ago!
HAHAHAHAHAHA THAT IS FUNNY
HAHAHAHAHAHAHA THIS IS SOO FUNNY
THAT'S SOOOOOOOO FUNNY OMG
I know..right!
😍😍
When he said Attire I heard a tire! Lol
what's the song in 1:23
Omitted the martial elements of sword fighting incorporated into the dance.
2:32: make contact gesture
The RAD is still a thing and is offered in over 60 contrys
Can anyone tell me if we can start studying ballet after 18 years old
Why go to a theater when you can be onstage? The only reason I'd go to see a ballet would be to compare choreography for variations or to observe professional technique
no tiene subtítulos en español :(
sigh i really wish i took ballet :-(
They should do the history of slime
The only comment that wasn’t 4 years ago
Ooh ballet
Why can't we get the history on a more sophisticated and modern dance? Like twerking.
It was brought up near the 2014 era of stupidity and ignorance as well as booty
+Le Lenny you do realize that the dance step is far older than that and that everyone but Miley Cirus had been doing for ages right? I never understood why she doing it caught on at all
Le Lenny Twerking is decades old, Lenny. The time of my parents had songs that mentioned twerking and they are almost 50.
+Bla Blah
Meaning the cancer has been like this since 50 some years ago?
Holy shit I want to drink bleach now.
In all honesty, twerking is not that bad of dance, and It has evolved through the decades. Some people do it well, others need to not be alive anymore. But as with anything that becomes popular, people will automatically hate it whether it be musicians, movies, actors, or dances.
I guess some people didn't yet grasp that shaking your ass is literally the most basic dance of all cultures of the world, but hey.
Do a video on ZIKA VIRUS
Ballet is power of Renaissiance, colonial and Napoleonic Europe.
Is there a part two? what happened after in Russia?
+Juan Zea The Russian ballet is inherently tied in with other Italian influences. Carlo Blasis, an Italian dancer, teacher & ballet master, wrote two books codifying the technique we still use today. One of his students was a guy called Giovanni Lepri, who in turn went on to teach Enrico Cecchetti, who created his own syllabus of ballet that is widely taught today. Cecchetti danced, taught and choreographed in Russia, so the growth of Russian ballet should actually be credited to Blasis.
During the early 20th centure man named Sergei Diaghilev founded the Ballet Russes, a company that performed in Paris. George Balanchine, known as the father of American ballet, had his start working and choreographing for this company. Years later he went to New York, and after few failed startups, he formed the New York City Ballet and created his own distinct tecnique. Balanchine's work is often very fast and neo-classical (meaning with a more modern influence, not as 'rigid' as classical ballet). Another one of Diaghilev's dancers, Ninette de Valois, founded the Royal Ballet company in London in 1931. The Royal Ballet's TH-cam channel has a lot of great videos on the history of ballet.
+Lizzy Williams ,Oh thank you. I was really curious to know the rest :)
My teacher made me watch this bruh why ted ed
I love all arts forms...but I struggle with ballet. Mabye the lack of speech or the fact that the movements are by today's standard too ridged. Sating that I do love the three famous Stravinsky ballets & Parade by Satie.
My dance teacher is making me watch this:(