I like the use of visualization. Even though the subject as a whole is still pretty obscure and incredibly complex to me, every bit of simplification and visualization helps me comprehend, or at least discover, just a little bit more. Not that I've hopes or desires to ever fully understand the whole universe, but the more little things I know makes me more comfortable in it. Nice videos!
Very eloquent in combining consciousness and its basic instincts in attempting to grasp and adopt realities it can accept to form a picture of universe and reality with abstract data. I just wonder if the search for one unified theory is the goal or the evolved programming of our consciousness that energies further studies and that’s the carrot, the useful part of the carrot on a stick because it only leads to more technology to confirm we’re on the right path. You and I and everyone dedicating time to learning about this, think like your eloquent comment about how your consciousness approaches the subject
Simplifying a little but brain 🧠 (actually propably all cells) make/save informations in form of electric signals that creating shapes in space ==> brain activity. Propably it's "not end of answer" and brain rather have his own (more raw) data structure that make sense from received informations from world/cells around. For example notice that every feeling (rage, love, joy, fear, guilty) actually always feel in body in the same way. Rising from belly and expansing to shoulders, back and rest of body. ¯\_(ツ)_/¯
Momentum in photons finally makes sense. I've always had trouble with it. It's always risky to simplify quantum physics, but these videos do them admirably without sacrificing too much accuracy. For anyone who enjoys these types of physics animations, I highly recommend checking out Eugene Khutoriansky. He explains complex topics in a way that even an uneducated dummy like me gets it.
Your videos are magical for me. You always pick a topic that has been explained before by other educational channels and then time and time again surprise me by showing me how much I didn't know or consider. And you explain it incredibly well.
The clearest thing I got from the video was how two seemingly different waves were actually the same but one was simply moving and the other was stationary. I'll take that as an accomplishment.
And simultaneously, because it is now moving it is now a different thing despite sharing every other characteristic. Another reason as to why observing something on the quantum scale ie measuring it by stoping it or getting to its frame of reference will destroy what it fundamentally is, as it is irreversible changing it.
@@themushroominside6540 But isn't the concept of a stationary wave incoherent? How can a wave be stationary in reality? In our minds we can conceive of a wave being stationary, but in external reality? It seems incoherent to me.
A slight correction to 6:28 Light hitting the bottom of the box is not more energetic because gravity at the bottom of the box is stronger. It's more energetic because we are in an accelerating reference frame, so time at the top of the box appears to be moving slower than at the bottom of the box, and thus the light appears to have a lower frequency, ie less energy. The effect from the gravity differential is orders of magnitude less strong.
@@Nate-bd8fgthe two effects aren't seperate from eachother. Light only reacts to gravity because of time dilation due to an accelerating reference frame. The difference in gravity accounts for a tiny divergence in the extent of time dilation, and really isn't the effect of note in this interaction.
@@punchster289 well yes but gravity is just what we call spacetime dilation. Time dilation is a result of gravity, and gravity is a result of time dilation. So *technically* he was correct, if we're being pedantic.
@@twolegmike no its not being pedantic, its a genuine conceptual distinction. He specifically referenced the effect where "gravity gets stronger the closer you are to an object" and said thats why light becomes more energetic near the bottom of the box. He was more correct in the next sentence referencing the "gravity well", but most people don't have a very precise intuition for what a gravity well is, and would assume the relevant attribute of a gravity well is that gravity is stronger closer to its center. While that is an attribute of gravity wells, it is not one which is important in explaining lights behaviour in this scenario, and the way he used it here would make an uninformed viewer think that its the *only* relevant attribute in explaining light's behaviour.
@@MagralhoPT It is said at 10:10 in the video. Within context, it means that because photons are incapable of interacting with the Higgs field, they are massless, and therefore cursed (by not having a reference to be measured against).
Holy shit This was crazy. SO much I just learned. Mass is energy confined in an arbitrary system. Why light has no mass. And more This channel is still underrated after more than a year.
This channel is so underrated yet the best to explain such curious yet hard concepts with such dephful yet understandable and soothing explanations. Hope it gets the recognition it deserves soon.
I love, love, love these videos. I consume all kinds of layperson astrophysics and quantum mechanics material, but your channel and Arvin Ash's are the two that really make things click. Bravo! You answer these confusing questions with clarity and style.
This was a very insightful video. I'm learning more and more about the fundamental physics of the universe with each one. Also, the Higgs field speaking Spanish totally caught me off guard 😂😂
I ABSOLUTELY love your videos. whenever you upload I settle in before watching. The science is accurate making the concepts super clear. If you've ever wondered that whether your videos are doing what they're supposed to.... They totally are. Thank you.
This is the best conceptualisation of these ideas I've ever seen, so good I actually feel like a know less about the subject - like it's shifted me along my Dunning Kruger journey in physics or something - ha. Great aesthetics too my dude, just been watching a few of your videos - and feel blessed to have only just found it so I can binge some well researched psychedelia.
I would love a video on quantum field theory, anti-particles, quarks, leptons and bosons, and ways that they all interact with one another. The visual of the quarks being "held together" by gluons, or rather absence of gluons in between was like a missing puzzle piece of understanding. I would really love to learn more through your videos about this topic.
Your visual components are so darn well designed that even such conceptual ideas as quark gluon interactions become workable and one can grasp the basic idea behind it Amazing work Keep it up and have a good day
I LOVE these graphic for the particles! I have struggled to find good visualizations of QM, and this is very close, with your signature easy to understand and great looking animation style! I hope you explain more quantum topics in the future, I'm excited to see them!
1:44 the mass is 2 MeV/c^2 - the unit is energy per speed of light squared. what you've described is the mass-energy equivalent. i.e. the amount of energy released if the particle was annihilated. if an up quark and an anti- up quark annihilated each other (at rest) then the energy released would be 4 MeV. this is a common misconception, mass and energy are not literally the same thing, which part of why they have different units, though of course they are very closely related.
This was an amazingly made video. It helped me build upon previous knowledge that I had about quantum physics, teaching me some new fundamental concepts, like how mass is energy and/or wave function confined to an arbitrary system. I love how this video engaged my mind, and helped me understand everything though the use of visualizations and references. I would like to see another video (if you have not already made one) about the Higgs boson, and Higgs field. I gave this video a like, and you definitely earned a subscriber. Once again, thank you for your amazing work, and keep being curious!
Dude. I have been wondering why energy would resist acceleration for so long. It has been my most burning question until now. Thank you so much, I may finally continue the research rabbit hole. You earned a new subscriber. I will watch your career with great interest.
This is the best exclamation of how mass is energy I have ever seen, and I have watched dozens upon dozens upon dozens of TH-cam videos is covering quantum mechanics and quantum physics. Truly amazing work.
I think there's one aspect here that is helpful as well: remembering that we want to think about *spacetime* and not just *space and time* as separate concepts. A field of energy+mass, IMO, makes a lot more sense when you think of it *over time* -- mass behaves more intuitively like fields of energy when you don't measure instaneously.
@@maeton-gaming imagine thinking your labels are better then other labels rather than recognizing that all models have limitations. If you are convinced you have the "true secret" of reality and everyone else is dumb, all that means is you've stopped asking questions. Which means you have stopped learning. Your call, but the deep truths of the universe aren't to be found telling people you're smarter than them in a comment section.
Exceptional video. I truly mean it. I had this realization a few years ago, and it was probably the single most profound moment in my life. The entirety of physics finally clicked (to some cloudy extent)
Incredible video. You do an amazing job explaining these concepts. I still struggle with the lack of reference frame for photons, length contraction, etc. Videos like this at least make me feel like I found another small missing piece in my understanding
thank you for making this channel, I always had a hard time as a kid because my visualization of it was just so starkly different from the actual process.
Best explaination and visualisation.. many great channels always depict in a 2d way whilst you did in a 3d way which helps to understand the wavee functions even better
You have a gift of not just imagining incredible analogies to explain abstract conceots but to animate said analogy incredibly well and accurately. Been a follower since the beggining. And I always comment the same: i love you
I love your style of explaining. Very little abstraction and very little details left out. Most other people simplify too much and you end up with more questions than answers.
This was really good. Clear explanations and useful analogies. I kinda knew most of this, but still gave better perspective ti my understanding of inertia. Thank you👍
These visualizations combined with the explanations have just created one of my favorite videos of all time. You made this all incredibly interesting, engaging, funny, graspable, fun, and incredibly enlightening. The fact that you did that in a video regarding particle physics is mind-blowing. You are easily one of the best creators on TH-cam (at least from my frame of reference!) and I can't wait to see more of your amazing videos.
Well you are asking for far too much, not even the deepest thinkers in this field know "how it actually works", just that it does and it has these characters/characteristics.
I really like the description and visualisation of inertia - ive always wondered what type of "hooks" matter has into the space in which it sits - why does it resist change - ive even read books on the higgs field but this one description helped me deepen my understanding more - well done - keep it up!
I guess thats normal ^^ But if you keep trying to understand it you will eventually realize that there is a small piece of it that finally makes some sense to you. Eventually another such island of understanding will emerge. And at some point you aren't clueless anymore!
Totally Rohit. While it's not true to say that no-one understands QM, our normal notions of mass etc. are just plain misleading at the subatomic scale. So it needs a re-framing to just get that far. And then there is all the quantum weirdness (wave collapse, decoherence, qua, non-locality ,quantum tunnelling etc. ) to contend with. The more I learn the more confused I get to be honest. Often demoralising but sometimes I think it's quite exciting to have ones assumptions about reality fundamentally questioned.
it's not beyond you bro, it's just a whole bunch of linear algebra (perhaps some functional analysis) well at least undergrad QM is. and you can actually learn it! all you need is a good linear algebra book and griffths intro to QM
@@mastershooter64 This is quite true. There is nothing stopping you from learning the math used to describe quantum mechanics. What one struggles with is the intuition one gained through experience of macro world. Subatomic particles just behave differently to a ball in sports and such.
Also what is this about photons increasing kinetic energy in a gravity well? In the vacuum of space photons are moving at the velocity of causality (c), so if their kinetic energy is increasing in a gravity well, where is that energy being expressed? It can’t be a velocity increase because that would violate the velocity of causality. Is it altering the wave length of the photon? That seems unlikely since shorter wavelengths equate to higher energy photons and how is a gravity well compressing the wavelength rather than elongating it? Is it going into the magnitude of the photon and increasing is brightness?
It must certainly be a change in wave length. Caused by time dilation aka gravity. This is routine in the cosmos via red shift and blue shift. Consider hovering over a black hole or standing on a neutron star, upward light is red shifted and downward light is blue shifted. Difference in wave length is difference in momentum and energy, so the “white box gaining mass from trapped photons” described in the video is a lot more intuitive once you relate it to these things.
@@AndrewBrownK red shifting of the photon makes sense as it enters the gravity well it’s elongated, but wouldn’t that be in contradiction to an increase in kinetic energy? Wouldn’t that represent a loss of kinetic energy? Longer EM wavelengths have less total energy. Still confused on where the increased kinetic energy is expressed. Seems it would have to be expressed as an increase to the amplitude?
@@brianbeswick Its the other way around. The red shift comes from leaving the gravity well. Entering the gravity well results in a blue shift. So the photons lose energy from leaving the gravity well and gain energy by entering it. So it was absolutely correct that it would be expressed by a change of wavelength and frequency.
@@brianbeswick it seems my word choice was ambiguous. I should have said "upward traveling" and "downward traveling" to not mix up with "upward from the observer, traveling down" and "downward from the observer, traveling up"
@@AliothAncalagon how does entering a gravity well cause a compression of the wavelength? The head of the wavelength would feel the gravity more intensely than the tail and elongate it. How would a gravity well compress the wavelength and blue shift it upon entering? Especially if we start thinking about non visible EM like long radio waves that have wavelengths in the kilometers. Regular cosmological blue shift happens when the light source is moving towards the observer which causes a compression of the wavelength. Light entering a gravity well though wouldn’t be compressed.
I'd just like to point out how insane this is when zooming out to a grander scope. You are a collection of atoms and subatomic particles, in essence, nothing but a series of waves and wave functions confined to an arbitrary system (the human body). You're watching this video, understanding that waves are "discovering" themselves. The emergent property of consciousness is ironically mind-blowing. The universe is magnificent.
lol, not really. Waves are what something does, not what something is ;) So, there is no duality in nature, hence the dis-logic of the false model can be cured by returning to form, to the source. The true secrets of reality were penned and outlined by Tesla, and mysteriously scooped up by the US government after his death - However in my estimation Einsteins Relativity, no matter how plagiarized and how doomed to failure, would allow mankind to stumble half drunk and half sighted in a scientific cul-de-sac while "Other Actors" could investigate the true frontiers of physics with zero restraint, oversight, or competition ;) And you wonder why we started seeing craft defying physics suddenly everywhere. Its just so painfully obvious. Teslas "elastic aether" model is the only correct possible interpretation, and it works as a unified grand theory as well ;) (that's why light is/was so confusing to people for so long, because the fallacy of reifying speed as something moving!! no no, the "speed of light" is a rate of induction in the medium, or rather the fastest rate of disturbance possible within the medium! that's why the mighty sun and the lowly candle can output something at the same velocity -- because its NOT outputting particles, but a transversal wave incorrectly temporally attributed as particles along a temporal axis instead of correctly understand better as a "coaxial" circuit, or transversal waves within the aether (again, the AETHER is being disturbed, nothing IS a wave, EVER.)
"You're watching this video, understanding that waves are "discovering" themselves." Great insight, beautifully expressed. I do not believe in a deity but interestingly this insight is strikingly close to some Hindu ideas about the universe being created as play, as a way of the god being able to experience what material existence is.
I remember trying to figure out(without actually taking a specialized college class on the subject) what the Higgs field actually *is* back when the Higgs boson was confirmed, and why it would give mass. This is far and away the best explanation I've ever seen for that whole line of questions. Thank you!
Excellent video! If particles are excitations in quantum fields, is charge the excitation in the EMF? What is the excitation in the electron field? 🌊Thanks!
The things we see as in 4:40 are examples of what we see in the game of life. These are products of the randomness of the universe, where entropy forces itself to become stable units. These logical units are inherently stable not just because they are attracted to one another, or some result of a force, but because they are a product of trial and error in a random system, similar to evolution. This is a concept of simplicity we often miss when learning the concepts from the ground up. Instead, like with this video, we have to take the steps away, to see the first steps.
I’ve encountered these ideas before, and I’m fairly comfortable with the idea of mass being energy, but this video still blew my mind. One analogy I kept coming back to during this video was the idea of trying to move gyroscopes. When they’re not spinning (essentially energyless), they can be moved and spun however you want with ease. However when they’re spinning (and so have energy), they’re very difficult to move in certain directions. I don’t know if it’s physically accurate compare that effect to inertia of protons and so on but that’s what made sense intuitively to me.
Nope. Because the photon isn't "slowed down" to said speed limit due to another effect like mass or inertia. The universe has a certain speed limit for cause and effect. Photons not going faster is simply them obeying the laws of cause and effect.
No, because if photons did have mass, we might have seen photons that travel on speed that is less than speed of light. Special relativity says that everything that has no mass travels at the speed of light relatively to you, no matter how fast you travel, and also that everything that travels at the speed of light have no mass
It is not mass that imposes a speed limit. In the right conditions you can make massless things go slow. With enough energy you can make massive things get arbitrarily close to the speed of light. It is the nature of causality that imposes a speed limit, not mass. Mass is not friction, it is inertia.
You can think about it in this way - imagine a space station, that is very far away from any stars and planets. This station constantly produces a beam of green photons that have identical color. Now we'll launch a ship that would attempt to chase those photons. The ship is able to precisely measure the energy of those photons. After speeding up to a great portion of the speed of light, the ship would notice that photons still move at the speed of light, but now they are more rare and have red color instead of green - by speeding up, we reduced the energy of those photons relatively to us and if we'll slow down, the photons would become green again. A space station sent green photons this whole time, but we saw them as red photons because we had a different speed. What would happen if the ship will hit the speed of light? Well, it's impossible because it would require an infinite amount of fuel, but let's imagine that somehow we managed to do it. If we'll try to measure photons now, we won't be able to do it because the energy of photons got dropped to zero. Photons are energy and if a photon has zero energy, it literally means that this photon does not exist. There are particles that are extremely light, but do have mass and those particles are neutrinos. Most of the neutrinos move at speeds that are close to speed of light, but unlike photons, it's impossible for neutrinos to move precisely at the speed of light, at the same time it's still possible to measure a neutrino that does not move at all.
Woah this is the first time I find a scientific video explain something better than Veritasium. I still don’t understand most of the sub particles but this is really cool. Thanks a bunch!
i believe i heard a yawn at 5:07 and a kermit the frog at 11:17 the physics stuff was great too! thank you for your content. like others have pointed out already, your style of visualisation "feels" extremely helpful.
I thought I understood mass/energy equivalency, but I clicked because I know your videos always include stuff I didn't know. This video broke my brain. I know nothing. WP.
I think that the mass of a black body would increase, not because of the mass of the photon, but because of its energy. By absorbing the energy of this photon, we made a thermal energy from it, so now we have more energy that is trapped in this body and don't move, therefore this body now has slightly increased mass
@@akeem2983 Exactly. It should be obvious that the energy of the photon is not simply going to disappear. If something absorbs the energy of a photon it will then have the energy of said photon.
@@cweeperz7760 so it would radiate more than the other black body. If you measure the difference in radiation you'd be able to measure the mass? Or if they both radiate at the same speed it wouldn't matter and you'll still be able to measure the difference in the black bodies?
Anybody who does not understand what was said in this video needs to go back a few levels and then revisit this video until you understand. This video opened My eyes
I did my bachelors in a Spanish speaking university. Soy fluente. Pero ha sido muchos anos desde que lo hable cada dia. Imagino que ahora mi gramatica es peor.
So, it sounds like the gluon field does not "pull" quarks together per se, but rather, the vacuum flux tube between the quarks is a region where the gluon field is not exerting pressure on the quarks, so they are effectively "pushed" together.
My goodness, this is the first time so many of these seemingly abstract concepts have begun to have (or feel) more intuitive and approachable. I'm now visualizing in my head that pushing on something now needs to add energy to ALL the waves, which now in relation to waves around it seem faster. I'm probably still simplifying to the point of misunderstanding but it's at least something more to grab onto than just text on print.
What a wonderful video - so explanatory, linking of concepts (formerly disparate), so clear. At least for me, it raised my understanding considerably. Will require several listens with note taking for me to retain the gains, the learning. Thanks. ✅✅✅
Photons must go through life without a frame of reference. One of the fundamental postulates of relativity. I have never heard it said exactly that way but translating it to theorist speech, photons don't observe time or anything at all really. Bonkers but all measurements we have devised suggest that's true. I really like the guy with the scale chasing the photon like "Hey wait!" while the photon is unable to say "I am everywhere at all times!" in some kind of anthropomorphized omniscient voice.
Perhaps the real connection between mass and energy is the point of reference we made along the way
The real connection is us.
Underrated
the real connection is that energy is just a measure of matter moving. it is a concept not an object.
No, the connection is direct. Mass IS energy.
@@daroniussubdeviant3869 Energy is not a concept. It can be objectively measured and observed doing work.
I like the use of visualization. Even though the subject as a whole is still pretty obscure and incredibly complex to me, every bit of simplification and visualization helps me comprehend, or at least discover, just a little bit more. Not that I've hopes or desires to ever fully understand the whole universe, but the more little things I know makes me more comfortable in it. Nice videos!
Very eloquent in combining consciousness and its basic instincts in attempting to grasp and adopt realities it can accept to form a picture of universe and reality with abstract data. I just wonder if the search for one unified theory is the goal or the evolved programming of our consciousness that energies further studies and that’s the carrot, the useful part of the carrot on a stick because it only leads to more technology to confirm we’re on the right path. You and I and everyone dedicating time to learning about this, think like your eloquent comment about how your consciousness approaches the subject
Simplifying a little but brain 🧠 (actually propably all cells) make/save informations in form of electric signals that creating shapes in space ==> brain activity. Propably it's "not end of answer" and brain rather have his own (more raw) data structure that make sense from received informations from world/cells around. For example notice that every feeling (rage, love, joy, fear, guilty) actually always feel in body in the same way. Rising from belly and expansing to shoulders, back and rest of body.
¯\_(ツ)_/¯
Momentum in photons finally makes sense. I've always had trouble with it.
It's always risky to simplify quantum physics, but these videos do them admirably without sacrificing too much accuracy. For anyone who enjoys these types of physics animations, I highly recommend checking out Eugene Khutoriansky. He explains complex topics in a way that even an uneducated dummy like me gets it.
The subject isn't obscure, it's well known. The fundamental ideas are not complex in any way.
@@bigguy7353 We're all very impressed down here 👏
Your videos are magical for me. You always pick a topic that has been explained before by other educational channels and then time and time again surprise me by showing me how much I didn't know or consider. And you explain it incredibly well.
perfect description of why i love this channel
The clearest thing I got from the video was how two seemingly different waves were actually the same but one was simply moving and the other was stationary. I'll take that as an accomplishment.
And simultaneously, because it is now moving it is now a different thing despite sharing every other characteristic. Another reason as to why observing something on the quantum scale ie measuring it by stoping it or getting to its frame of reference will destroy what it fundamentally is, as it is irreversible changing it.
There was only one wave. Particles and waves are two different things.
@@themushroominside6540 Very simply put into words. I am going to screenshot.
@@themushroominside6540 But isn't the concept of a stationary wave incoherent? How can a wave be stationary in reality? In our minds we can conceive of a wave being stationary, but in external reality? It seems incoherent to me.
A slight correction to 6:28
Light hitting the bottom of the box is not more energetic because gravity at the bottom of the box is stronger. It's more energetic because we are in an accelerating reference frame, so time at the top of the box appears to be moving slower than at the bottom of the box, and thus the light appears to have a lower frequency, ie less energy. The effect from the gravity differential is orders of magnitude less strong.
So he WAS correct in his statement, but there was a larger force that would've made a more noticeable difference
@@Nate-bd8fgthe two effects aren't seperate from eachother. Light only reacts to gravity because of time dilation due to an accelerating reference frame. The difference in gravity accounts for a tiny divergence in the extent of time dilation, and really isn't the effect of note in this interaction.
@@punchster289 well yes but gravity is just what we call spacetime dilation. Time dilation is a result of gravity, and gravity is a result of time dilation. So *technically* he was correct, if we're being pedantic.
@@twolegmike no its not being pedantic, its a genuine conceptual distinction. He specifically referenced the effect where "gravity gets stronger the closer you are to an object" and said thats why light becomes more energetic near the bottom of the box. He was more correct in the next sentence referencing the "gravity well", but most people don't have a very precise intuition for what a gravity well is, and would assume the relevant attribute of a gravity well is that gravity is stronger closer to its center. While that is an attribute of gravity wells, it is not one which is important in explaining lights behaviour in this scenario, and the way he used it here would make an uninformed viewer think that its the *only* relevant attribute in explaining light's behaviour.
Shut up and watch the video. Who cares.
That was disturbingly deep and simple at the same time. Great work!
"Photons have been cursed by a deeper evil"
God love that quote so much
Is it an original one? I like it even if I dont know what it means, and google search returns nothing. Care to help out a fellow man?
@@MagralhoPT It is said at 10:10 in the video. Within context, it means that because photons are incapable of interacting with the Higgs field, they are massless, and therefore cursed (by not having a reference to be measured against).
All of particle physics is cursed
Holy shit
This was crazy. SO much I just learned. Mass is energy confined in an arbitrary system. Why light has no mass. And more
This channel is still underrated after more than a year.
This channel is so underrated yet the best to explain such curious yet hard concepts with such dephful yet understandable and soothing explanations. Hope it gets the recognition it deserves soon.
"Depthful" isn't a word, if that's what you were trying to spell.
I love, love, love these videos. I consume all kinds of layperson astrophysics and quantum mechanics material, but your channel and Arvin Ash's are the two that really make things click. Bravo! You answer these confusing questions with clarity and style.
This was a very insightful video. I'm learning more and more about the fundamental physics of the universe with each one. Also, the Higgs field speaking Spanish totally caught me off guard 😂😂
IM *PRETTY* SURE sleepy Mexican jokes are racist??????? Either way hilarious, he's probably Mexican idk
@@Nate-bd8fg I dont think there is requirement to be mexican to make jokes about them, or anybody else tbh.
The fact I was able to understand it after it’s been years since I practiced Spanish, I felt good about that lol
@@Nate-bd8fgget some help
@@Nate-bd8fgPretty dumb of you to assume it was a mexican joke just by him speaking spanish
I ABSOLUTELY love your videos. whenever you upload I settle in before watching. The science is accurate making the concepts super clear. If you've ever wondered that whether your videos are doing what they're supposed to.... They totally are. Thank you.
This is the best conceptualisation of these ideas I've ever seen, so good I actually feel like a know less about the subject - like it's shifted me along my Dunning Kruger journey in physics or something - ha. Great aesthetics too my dude, just been watching a few of your videos - and feel blessed to have only just found it so I can binge some well researched psychedelia.
I would love a video on quantum field theory, anti-particles, quarks, leptons and bosons, and ways that they all interact with one another. The visual of the quarks being "held together" by gluons, or rather absence of gluons in between was like a missing puzzle piece of understanding.
I would really love to learn more through your videos about this topic.
I've never clicked on a notification so fast.
ME TOO.
I was waiting for his videos for a long time. So happy to see it !!
so inertia seems to be of no concern for you ;) but i get it, wonderful explanatory channel!
It took me 3 days to get this notification. I'm wondering why TH-cam is so slow when all I watch are videos like this.
Your visual components are so darn well designed that even such conceptual ideas as quark gluon interactions become workable and one can grasp the basic idea behind it
Amazing work
Keep it up and have a good day
I LOVE these graphic for the particles! I have struggled to find good visualizations of QM, and this is very close, with your signature easy to understand and great looking animation style! I hope you explain more quantum topics in the future, I'm excited to see them!
He didn't make them up, just copied them. That visualization has been around since the first quantum experiments decades ago.
@Big Guy please chill out you’re replying to every comment
1:44 the mass is 2 MeV/c^2 - the unit is energy per speed of light squared. what you've described is the mass-energy equivalent. i.e. the amount of energy released if the particle was annihilated. if an up quark and an anti- up quark annihilated each other (at rest) then the energy released would be 4 MeV.
this is a common misconception, mass and energy are not literally the same thing, which part of why they have different units, though of course they are very closely related.
I appreciate the correction
This was an amazingly made video. It helped me build upon previous knowledge that I had about quantum physics, teaching me some new fundamental concepts, like how mass is energy and/or wave function confined to an arbitrary system. I love how this video engaged my mind, and helped me understand everything though the use of visualizations and references. I would like to see another video (if you have not already made one) about the Higgs boson, and Higgs field. I gave this video a like, and you definitely earned a subscriber. Once again, thank you for your amazing work, and keep being curious!
Dude. I have been wondering why energy would resist acceleration for so long. It has been my most burning question until now. Thank you so much, I may finally continue the research rabbit hole.
You earned a new subscriber. I will watch your career with great interest.
Thank you for the hard work you put in, taking the time away from your studies to bring us high quality content.
This is the best exclamation of how mass is energy I have ever seen, and I have watched dozens upon dozens upon dozens of TH-cam videos is covering quantum mechanics and quantum physics. Truly amazing work.
I usually gotta watch your videos a couple of times, but wow. There is nobody else who can explain these things as well as you do!
My goodness... I am going to be pondering the way you presented this information for weeks. Amazing work. You have another sub here.
I think there's one aspect here that is helpful as well: remembering that we want to think about *spacetime* and not just *space and time* as separate concepts.
A field of energy+mass, IMO, makes a lot more sense when you think of it *over time* -- mass behaves more intuitively like fields of energy when you don't measure instaneously.
For instance, imagine a tree over 50 years as a mass-energy field and this problem gets a bit more intuitive
A very good analogy.
lmao its just the aether. Atomists are so funny having to reinvent the aether ad nauseum because they think they got rid of it, lmfao. yikes
@@maeton-gaming imagine thinking your labels are better then other labels rather than recognizing that all models have limitations.
If you are convinced you have the "true secret" of reality and everyone else is dumb, all that means is you've stopped asking questions. Which means you have stopped learning.
Your call, but the deep truths of the universe aren't to be found telling people you're smarter than them in a comment section.
@@maeton-gaming aether? Oh god, don't tell me you're not religious
I have been waiting for this type of clarification video. Bravo.
Your videos are amzing! They respect the unintuitive nature of these advanced topics and still manage to make them palpable.
"No haga eso, chico. Tranquilo, dale, a dormir" killed me, lol
the higgs field is a spanish speaker 💀
a mimir
Exceptional video. I truly mean it. I had this realization a few years ago, and it was probably the single most profound moment in my life. The entirety of physics finally clicked (to some cloudy extent)
Incredible video. You do an amazing job explaining these concepts. I still struggle with the lack of reference frame for photons, length contraction, etc. Videos like this at least make me feel like I found another small missing piece in my understanding
Yeah, why photons don't have frame of reference though?
@@WindingShadows thank you very much!
thank you for making this channel, I always had a hard time as a kid because my visualization of it was just so starkly different from the actual process.
Best explaination and visualisation.. many great channels always depict in a 2d way whilst you did in a 3d way which helps to understand the wavee functions even better
You have a gift of not just imagining incredible analogies to explain abstract conceots but to animate said analogy incredibly well and accurately. Been a follower since the beggining. And I always comment the same: i love you
I love your style of explaining. Very little abstraction and very little details left out. Most other people simplify too much and you end up with more questions than answers.
The most ubiquitous equation met the most satisfying explanation - Albert is so freaking proud of you man!
I agree. I've never been so quick to open a notification! Your videos are amazing
I love your channel man
One of the best explanations of mass I have seen. This is up there with PBS Spacetime and The Science Asylum.
The way you visualize concepts for us is amazing, and I can’t thank you enough for the information you are able to provide in a concise manner.
This was really good. Clear explanations and useful analogies. I kinda knew most of this, but still gave better perspective ti my understanding of inertia. Thank you👍
These visualizations combined with the explanations have just created one of my favorite videos of all time. You made this all incredibly interesting, engaging, funny, graspable, fun, and incredibly enlightening. The fact that you did that in a video regarding particle physics is mind-blowing. You are easily one of the best creators on TH-cam (at least from my frame of reference!) and I can't wait to see more of your amazing videos.
Finally, someone who could explain this well. Please continue your particle physics series.
Even this amazing video that's summarizing a whole field of physics in layman's terms can't give me an idea about how it actually works 😅
Well you are asking for far too much, not even the deepest thinkers in this field know "how it actually works", just that it does and it has these characters/characteristics.
Why this video released during my school trip to the CERN?!😂
Perfection
I really like the description and visualisation of inertia - ive always wondered what type of "hooks" matter has into the space in which it sits - why does it resist change - ive even read books on the higgs field but this one description helped me deepen my understanding more - well done - keep it up!
Never been this much confused in my life
Quantum Physics is just beyond me.
I guess thats normal ^^
But if you keep trying to understand it you will eventually realize that there is a small piece of it that finally makes some sense to you.
Eventually another such island of understanding will emerge. And at some point you aren't clueless anymore!
"If you think you understand quantum mechanics, you don't understand quantum mechanics." ~Richard Feynman
Totally Rohit. While it's not true to say that no-one understands QM, our normal notions of mass etc. are just plain misleading at the subatomic scale. So it needs a re-framing to just get that far. And then there is all the quantum weirdness (wave collapse, decoherence, qua, non-locality ,quantum tunnelling etc. ) to contend with. The more I learn the more confused I get to be honest. Often demoralising but sometimes I think it's quite exciting to have ones assumptions about reality fundamentally questioned.
it's not beyond you bro, it's just a whole bunch of linear algebra (perhaps some functional analysis) well at least undergrad QM is. and you can actually learn it! all you need is a good linear algebra book and griffths intro to QM
@@mastershooter64 This is quite true. There is nothing stopping you from learning the math used to describe quantum mechanics. What one struggles with is the intuition one gained through experience of macro world. Subatomic particles just behave differently to a ball in sports and such.
You've become the most in depth and well illustrated science channel on YT I have discovered. Thanks so much!
Also what is this about photons increasing kinetic energy in a gravity well? In the vacuum of space photons are moving at the velocity of causality (c), so if their kinetic energy is increasing in a gravity well, where is that energy being expressed? It can’t be a velocity increase because that would violate the velocity of causality. Is it altering the wave length of the photon? That seems unlikely since shorter wavelengths equate to higher energy photons and how is a gravity well compressing the wavelength rather than elongating it? Is it going into the magnitude of the photon and increasing is brightness?
It must certainly be a change in wave length. Caused by time dilation aka gravity. This is routine in the cosmos via red shift and blue shift. Consider hovering over a black hole or standing on a neutron star, upward light is red shifted and downward light is blue shifted. Difference in wave length is difference in momentum and energy, so the “white box gaining mass from trapped photons” described in the video is a lot more intuitive once you relate it to these things.
@@AndrewBrownK red shifting of the photon makes sense as it enters the gravity well it’s elongated, but wouldn’t that be in contradiction to an increase in kinetic energy? Wouldn’t that represent a loss of kinetic energy? Longer EM wavelengths have less total energy. Still confused on where the increased kinetic energy is expressed. Seems it would have to be expressed as an increase to the amplitude?
@@brianbeswick Its the other way around.
The red shift comes from leaving the gravity well. Entering the gravity well results in a blue shift.
So the photons lose energy from leaving the gravity well and gain energy by entering it.
So it was absolutely correct that it would be expressed by a change of wavelength and frequency.
@@brianbeswick it seems my word choice was ambiguous. I should have said "upward traveling" and "downward traveling" to not mix up with "upward from the observer, traveling down" and "downward from the observer, traveling up"
@@AliothAncalagon how does entering a gravity well cause a compression of the wavelength? The head of the wavelength would feel the gravity more intensely than the tail and elongate it. How would a gravity well compress the wavelength and blue shift it upon entering? Especially if we start thinking about non visible EM like long radio waves that have wavelengths in the kilometers.
Regular cosmological blue shift happens when the light source is moving towards the observer which causes a compression of the wavelength. Light entering a gravity well though wouldn’t be compressed.
This has helped me understand particle physics more than anything else I’ve ever watched. Thank you!
I'd just like to point out how insane this is when zooming out to a grander scope. You are a collection of atoms and subatomic particles, in essence, nothing but a series of waves and wave functions confined to an arbitrary system (the human body). You're watching this video, understanding that waves are "discovering" themselves. The emergent property of consciousness is ironically mind-blowing. The universe is magnificent.
lol, not really. Waves are what something does, not what something is ;) So, there is no duality in nature, hence the dis-logic of the false model can be cured by returning to form, to the source. The true secrets of reality were penned and outlined by Tesla, and mysteriously scooped up by the US government after his death - However in my estimation Einsteins Relativity, no matter how plagiarized and how doomed to failure, would allow mankind to stumble half drunk and half sighted in a scientific cul-de-sac while "Other Actors" could investigate the true frontiers of physics with zero restraint, oversight, or competition ;)
And you wonder why we started seeing craft defying physics suddenly everywhere. Its just so painfully obvious. Teslas "elastic aether" model is the only correct possible interpretation, and it works as a unified grand theory as well ;)
(that's why light is/was so confusing to people for so long, because the fallacy of reifying speed as something moving!! no no, the "speed of light" is a rate of induction in the medium, or rather the fastest rate of disturbance possible within the medium! that's why the mighty sun and the lowly candle can output something at the same velocity -- because its NOT outputting particles, but a transversal wave incorrectly temporally attributed as particles along a temporal axis instead of correctly understand better as a "coaxial" circuit, or transversal waves within the aether (again, the AETHER is being disturbed, nothing IS a wave, EVER.)
@adenosine2electricboogaloo647 you'll live
@adenosine 2 electric boogaloo ???
"You're watching this video, understanding that waves are "discovering" themselves." Great insight, beautifully expressed.
I do not believe in a deity but interestingly this insight is strikingly close to some Hindu ideas about the universe being created as play, as a way of the god being able to experience what material existence is.
"We are a way for the cosmos to know itself." - Carl Sagan
I remember trying to figure out(without actually taking a specialized college class on the subject) what the Higgs field actually *is* back when the Higgs boson was confirmed, and why it would give mass. This is far and away the best explanation I've ever seen for that whole line of questions. Thank you!
Excellent video! If particles are excitations in quantum fields, is charge the excitation in the EMF? What is the excitation in the electron field? 🌊Thanks!
What a beautiful presentation, thank you for that.
Mmm crunchwrap
Fr
You are a genius of physics, digital visualization and pedagogy. This videos deserves an award!
The things we see as in 4:40 are examples of what we see in the game of life. These are products of the randomness of the universe, where entropy forces itself to become stable units.
These logical units are inherently stable not just because they are attracted to one another, or some result of a force, but because they are a product of trial and error in a random system, similar to evolution. This is a concept of simplicity we often miss when learning the concepts from the ground up. Instead, like with this video, we have to take the steps away, to see the first steps.
that was the best explanation i've seen to this topic, it really changed how i visualize the topic, very nice
I’ve encountered these ideas before, and I’m fairly comfortable with the idea of mass being energy, but this video still blew my mind.
One analogy I kept coming back to during this video was the idea of trying to move gyroscopes. When they’re not spinning (essentially energyless), they can be moved and spun however you want with ease. However when they’re spinning (and so have energy), they’re very difficult to move in certain directions. I don’t know if it’s physically accurate compare that effect to inertia of protons and so on but that’s what made sense intuitively to me.
that is a great analogy.
9:46 this is the first time i have somebody seen use the wave modifier in Blender with honest intentions
Could it be that photons mass is immeasurably so small and that’s why it still has a speed limit?
Nope.
Because the photon isn't "slowed down" to said speed limit due to another effect like mass or inertia.
The universe has a certain speed limit for cause and effect.
Photons not going faster is simply them obeying the laws of cause and effect.
good question.
No, because if photons did have mass, we might have seen photons that travel on speed that is less than speed of light. Special relativity says that everything that has no mass travels at the speed of light relatively to you, no matter how fast you travel, and also that everything that travels at the speed of light have no mass
It is not mass that imposes a speed limit. In the right conditions you can make massless things go slow. With enough energy you can make massive things get arbitrarily close to the speed of light. It is the nature of causality that imposes a speed limit, not mass. Mass is not friction, it is inertia.
You can think about it in this way - imagine a space station, that is very far away from any stars and planets. This station constantly produces a beam of green photons that have identical color. Now we'll launch a ship that would attempt to chase those photons. The ship is able to precisely measure the energy of those photons. After speeding up to a great portion of the speed of light, the ship would notice that photons still move at the speed of light, but now they are more rare and have red color instead of green - by speeding up, we reduced the energy of those photons relatively to us and if we'll slow down, the photons would become green again. A space station sent green photons this whole time, but we saw them as red photons because we had a different speed.
What would happen if the ship will hit the speed of light? Well, it's impossible because it would require an infinite amount of fuel, but let's imagine that somehow we managed to do it. If we'll try to measure photons now, we won't be able to do it because the energy of photons got dropped to zero. Photons are energy and if a photon has zero energy, it literally means that this photon does not exist.
There are particles that are extremely light, but do have mass and those particles are neutrinos. Most of the neutrinos move at speeds that are close to speed of light, but unlike photons, it's impossible for neutrinos to move precisely at the speed of light, at the same time it's still possible to measure a neutrino that does not move at all.
Woah this is the first time I find a scientific video explain something better than Veritasium. I still don’t understand most of the sub particles but this is really cool. Thanks a bunch!
Nope, I have to admit that I don’t understand this.
i believe i heard a yawn at 5:07 and a kermit the frog at 11:17
the physics stuff was great too! thank you for your content. like others have pointed out already, your style of visualisation "feels" extremely helpful.
Me at the end of the video.
“What?”
I mean I kinda get it now. I’m a visual learner
I thought I understood mass/energy equivalency, but I clicked because I know your videos always include stuff I didn't know.
This video broke my brain. I know nothing. WP.
@5:09 even the narrator yawned.
Amazing video. I've never been interested in particle physics, but this makes me want to dig into some books now.
Cheers!
What if you had 2 perfect black objects that have the same mass and then let one absorb a photon? Wouldn't that measure the mass of a photon?
No cuz black bodies radiate radiation quickly as well, so it'll spit another photon out real quick
I think that the mass of a black body would increase, not because of the mass of the photon, but because of its energy. By absorbing the energy of this photon, we made a thermal energy from it, so now we have more energy that is trapped in this body and don't move, therefore this body now has slightly increased mass
@@akeem2983 Exactly.
It should be obvious that the energy of the photon is not simply going to disappear.
If something absorbs the energy of a photon it will then have the energy of said photon.
@@cweeperz7760 so it would radiate more than the other black body. If you measure the difference in radiation you'd be able to measure the mass? Or if they both radiate at the same speed it wouldn't matter and you'll still be able to measure the difference in the black bodies?
@@akeem2983 the video is about why energy is the same as mass...
Incredible, I’m mindblown, infinitely thank you for making this.
Your content is genuinely incredible. I'm so happy I found you 😁
are you now casually explaining inertia to me in a way even I can understand? Applause.
This is my favourite channel on TH-cam. Seriously.
Anybody who does not understand what was said in this video needs to go back a few levels and then revisit this video until you understand. This video opened My eyes
This video is gold! The proof that complex ideas can be broken down into simple terms.
This channel has the best explanations on the internet hands down
Lmao at “no haga eso, chico.” The Higgs does NOT appreciate being jostled awake lol
Videos like these make me more and more interested and proud of the field I've decided to study in for my whole life...
Thank you for explaining and most important visualisation and comparison, absolutely epic
When I felt lost for understanding nothing, the Higgs field started to speak Spanish, to make me feel worse. 9:45
I feel your pain
This was really a good presentation and explanation of the subject matter, or subject energy, yeah...
The spanish at 9:55 was really good to be honest. Are you from Latin America by any chance?
I did my bachelors in a Spanish speaking university. Soy fluente. Pero ha sido muchos anos desde que lo hable cada dia. Imagino que ahora mi gramatica es peor.
great video and very clear explanation dude
Best channel on TH-cam
I think you’re my favorite TH-camr. You are amazing dude thank you so much for everything you do
This channel sparks many great insights 🤔, and I love it❣
I love this age, i dont have a PhD in physics/biology/medicus etc, but still so educated by all these wonderfull science channels on yt 🤓🤓📖📚
So, it sounds like the gluon field does not "pull" quarks together per se, but rather, the vacuum flux tube between the quarks is a region where the gluon field is not exerting pressure on the quarks, so they are effectively "pushed" together.
The more physics videos I watch the more convinced I am that existence is just a joke where the punchline is me not getting it.
Thank you for the great videos. You explain awesome science topics and your animation quality is second to none. Keep up the awesome work!
Well explained, great use of visuals. Keep em coming!
My goodness, this is the first time so many of these seemingly abstract concepts have begun to have (or feel) more intuitive and approachable. I'm now visualizing in my head that pushing on something now needs to add energy to ALL the waves, which now in relation to waves around it seem faster. I'm probably still simplifying to the point of misunderstanding but it's at least something more to grab onto than just text on print.
What a wonderful video - so explanatory, linking of concepts (formerly disparate), so clear. At least for me, it raised my understanding considerably. Will require several listens with note taking for me to retain the gains, the learning. Thanks. ✅✅✅
best comprehensive video on the topic ever.
This is a Masterpiece🙏 awesome work man!
You got my subscription. Good video. 🤯 It doesn’t hurt as much the second time through.
Very clean explaining of the E=MC2. Thx
Photons must go through life without a frame of reference. One of the fundamental postulates of relativity. I have never heard it said exactly that way but translating it to theorist speech, photons don't observe time or anything at all really. Bonkers but all measurements we have devised suggest that's true.
I really like the guy with the scale chasing the photon like "Hey wait!" while the photon is unable to say "I am everywhere at all times!" in some kind of anthropomorphized omniscient voice.
I loved it when cousin Higgs spoke Spanish hahaha. Thanks for the great instructional video!!!
Your videos are beautifully explained. My most sincere congratulations!
That was one of the best explanations that i ever see.
Amazing content