Jim Keller: Moore's Law, Microprocessors, and First Principles | Lex Fridman Podcast #70

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  • เผยแพร่เมื่อ 15 มิ.ย. 2024
  • Jim Keller is a legendary microprocessor engineer, having worked at AMD, Apple, Tesla, and now Intel. He's known for his work on the AMD K7, K8, K12 and Zen microarchitectures, Apple A4, A5 processors, and co-author of the specifications for the x86-64 instruction set and HyperTransport interconnect.
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    OUTLINE:
    0:00 - Introduction
    2:12 - Difference between a computer and a human brain
    3:43 - Computer abstraction layers and parallelism
    17:53 - If you run a program multiple times, do you always get the same answer?
    20:43 - Building computers and teams of people
    22:41 - Start from scratch every 5 years
    30:05 - Moore's law is not dead
    55:47 - Is superintelligence the next layer of abstraction?
    1:00:02 - Is the universe a computer?
    1:03:00 - Ray Kurzweil and exponential improvement in technology
    1:04:33 - Elon Musk and Tesla Autopilot
    1:20:51 - Lessons from working with Elon Musk
    1:28:33 - Existential threats from AI
    1:32:38 - Happiness and the meaning of life
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ความคิดเห็น • 1.3K

  • @lexfridman
    @lexfridman  4 ปีที่แล้ว +525

    I really enjoyed this conversation with Jim. Here's the outline:
    0:00 - Introduction
    2:12 - Difference between a computer and a human brain
    3:43 - Computer abstraction layers and parallelism
    17:53 - If you run a program multiple times, do you always get the same answer?
    20:43 - Building computers and teams of people
    22:41 - Start from scratch every 5 years
    30:05 - Moore's law is not dead
    55:47 - Is superintelligence the next layer of abstraction?
    1:00:02 - Is the universe a computer?
    1:03:00 - Ray Kurzweil and exponential improvement in technology
    1:04:33 - Elon Musk and Tesla Autopilot
    1:20:51 - Lessons from working with Elon Musk
    1:28:33 - Existential threats from AI
    1:32:38 - Happiness and the meaning of life

    • @maxlieberman578
      @maxlieberman578 4 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      David Deutsch please! :)

    • @byrnemeister2008
      @byrnemeister2008 4 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      Robert Diggins You sir have failed the Turing test!

    • @byrnemeister2008
      @byrnemeister2008 4 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      Robert Diggins Try rebooting or maybe retrain your NLP model on a bigger and more relevant dataset. Your comments look almost random.

    • @byrnemeister2008
      @byrnemeister2008 4 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      Robert Diggins Hilarious. I still think this account is a students software project. Hence the random selection of topics and the weak excuse of auto correct errors because your typing on a phone. Followed by a big ream of text. This could be a GPT2 response.

    • @isuckatthisgame
      @isuckatthisgame 4 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      Lex, you are the real MVP.
      Ultimate professor.
      Thank you!
      Regards from Europe.

  • @soumyarooproy
    @soumyarooproy 4 ปีที่แล้ว +788

    Jim's super cool and also very respected in the industry. He was a big inspiration for me early on in my career. I was a fairly junior CPU performance engineer at AMD when Jim joined AMD in 2012 (he'd worked at AMD earlier in his career too). I worked on the Zen program, which was being led by Jim. I saw him at my gym one morning, deadlifting 275 lbs (or maybe more) and I went up to him and introduced myself. He was super friendly and continued to be so whenever I'd run into him. We'd exchange our personal bests in lifting. IIRC, he was in his mid 50's then. Given the similarity in our backgrounds (CPU design) and his professional achievements and his amazing discipline, it was a no-brainer for me to aspire to be like him.

    • @stints
      @stints 4 ปีที่แล้ว +41

      I hope you continue to push yourself and do some great things like he has. You can do it.

    • @xeightyx
      @xeightyx 4 ปีที่แล้ว +14

      do you remember what his personal bests were?

    • @sommyaruproy8405
      @sommyaruproy8405 3 ปีที่แล้ว +42

      Wtf i have never met a person with same name as me.

    • @mriegger
      @mriegger 3 ปีที่แล้ว +8

      He looks considerably stronger and healthier than most of Lex's other guests who are often a lot younger. All that gym time definitely paying off.

    • @djmips
      @djmips 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      He was at AMD from age 53 to 57.

  • @olekkuvppl
    @olekkuvppl 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1204

    Oh my god Silicon Ronin himself.
    Silicon Ronin has no home. He goes from impossible task to next impossible task and builds his miracles.
    Jim is a man of focus, commitment, sheer will... something you know very little about. I once saw him design a FPGA in a bar... with a pencil, with a fucking pencil.
    Then suddenly one day he asked to leave. So I made a deal with him. I gave him an impossible task. A job no one could have pulled off.
    To make AMD competitive again and he succeeded . The architecture choices he made that day laid the foundation of what we are now.

    • @dimomarkov8937
      @dimomarkov8937 4 ปีที่แล้ว +15

    • @HiberNAT
      @HiberNAT 4 ปีที่แล้ว +49

      and thats how i met your mother

    • @bobsagget823
      @bobsagget823 4 ปีที่แล้ว +15

      get a life

    • @d1oftwins
      @d1oftwins 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@user-io4sr7vg1v Jim was not talking about AMD's Zen architecture.

    • @d1oftwins
      @d1oftwins 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@user-io4sr7vg1v I was merely informing you about that fact, there was not judgment on my side.

  • @ShiroKage009
    @ShiroKage009 4 ปีที่แล้ว +348

    One thing that's incredible is that Jim doesn't "err" or "umm" at all, or almost at all. It's crazy how present all the stuff he's taking about is in his mind.

    • @VishalSingh-vq1fc
      @VishalSingh-vq1fc 4 ปีที่แล้ว +26

      1:23:10 That's how you know he's in top .1%

    • @touchdownraiders2009
      @touchdownraiders2009 4 ปีที่แล้ว +11

      ShiroiKage009 Great observation. I never thought about that until you said it. I was just telling my daughter to rid her vocabulary of umm’s and likes.

    • @AnHebrewChild
      @AnHebrewChild 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Damn. Great point.

    • @dualface6104
      @dualface6104 4 ปีที่แล้ว +7

      I'm glad you mention this. This is one of my major pet peeves in life about the current state of way too many people's speech patterns & I wish I knew where it comes from so I could destroy it.
      Had a few people at work that, in THE MOST polite way I knew how, made me finally interrupt them, so that they would speak *just one* coherrent sentence.
      If an individual would only think about what they wanna say before opening their mouth, they would say a lot less, & it'd undoubtedly be more impactful. 😵😎✌

    • @glennquagmire9900
      @glennquagmire9900 4 ปีที่แล้ว +28

      @@dualface6104 if you really have a pet peeve about that, you're the one with issues. who really cares about something so insignificant..? a lot of geniuses had and do have issues with social/verbal aspects. theres a lot of things you do that i'm sure people have pet peeves about too.

  • @KabzieMusic
    @KabzieMusic 4 ปีที่แล้ว +377

    This is a man at the cutting edge of his field.

    • @Mrawesome2346
      @Mrawesome2346 4 ปีที่แล้ว +5

      @@robertidonotsharemyfullnam496 what do you mean by that?

    • @Mrawesome2346
      @Mrawesome2346 4 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@robertidonotsharemyfullnam496 oh ok i agree it is close

    • @greyalien826
      @greyalien826 4 ปีที่แล้ว +12

      @@robertidonotsharemyfullnam496 that makes completely no sense. a 10 year old that sees this today won't surpass him in 5 years or less.. lol. Nor does that have nothing to do with the singularity.

    • @greyalien826
      @greyalien826 4 ปีที่แล้ว +12

      @@robertidonotsharemyfullnam496 Uh.. there's kids that been like that since forever? except they just used books instead. Also it's not hard for kids.. because their brains are more elastic at younger ages. they can absorb and keep information better. 5 languages as a kid isnt impressive. it's just memorization which as i said is even easier as a kid. Also math isn't either, its just a set of rules that you follow and compute. all because a 10 year old has access to the internet doesn't mean hes going to surpass him in 5 years. with intuition? that doesn't even make sense. Uh it will most likely be people from multiple generations. if its that generation that creates the AI machine it is simply just because the information and tech hasn't caught up yet to the previous gen. it has nothing to do with "surpassing" someone.

    • @greyalien826
      @greyalien826 4 ปีที่แล้ว +5

      ​@@robertidonotsharemyfullnam496 This is dumb. People are not just "gaining more intelligence" intelligence has pretty much been the same since however long. But id assume if there is ANY change its just all the stimuli may be having a small effect on pattern recognition, etc. also possibly people eating healthier, that's all. uh, as i said, there is not much of an "intuition advantage" with regards to this.. its machines and programmed algorithms.. what are you even saying. also, your statement could have been said 5 years ago about another 10 year old. yea, and i still don't know why i have to tell you a 10 year old isnt goin to surpass him in 5 years.

  • @temprd
    @temprd 4 ปีที่แล้ว +171

    Could watch this one on a loop indefinitely. So many good tidbits in here.

  • @andrewm6788
    @andrewm6788 3 ปีที่แล้ว +123

    I like how Jim isn't afraid to make Lex question his entire career

  • @micosair
    @micosair 4 ปีที่แล้ว +646

    This is the guy behind the Ryzen series of processors which brought AMD back from the dead.

    • @happynews6219
      @happynews6219 4 ปีที่แล้ว +6

      true that

    • @Jixejo
      @Jixejo 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      aha

    • @codykeane6107
      @codykeane6107 4 ปีที่แล้ว +55

      He's worked on the major series from basically all manufacturers. Did the Ryzen series for AMD and athlon, A4/A5 for Apple and x86(64) for Intel. Pretty nuts work load and knowledge this guy has.

    • @Jaker788
      @Jaker788 4 ปีที่แล้ว +33

      @@codykeane6107 The x86-64 was done at AMD and licenced to Intel. At the time Intel was going to drop x86 and go to a VLIW instruction set architecture, called Itanium.

    • @hjembrentkent6181
      @hjembrentkent6181 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      Yeah solo job

  • @deesmods6696
    @deesmods6696 4 ปีที่แล้ว +94

    Jim's work has changed so many peoples lives, including mine.

  • @hoolerboris
    @hoolerboris 4 ปีที่แล้ว +110

    New video is out. I've never heard of the guest. His field is microprocessors, which I've never thought of as something interesting.
    Turns out to be one of the wisest humans I've listened to and possibly the best hour and a half of listening experience I've had in my life. Jim is incredibly insightful about technology, science, and just the human condition in general. Thanks Lex for making stuff like this possible.

    • @phillip_iv_planetking6354
      @phillip_iv_planetking6354 2 ปีที่แล้ว +6

      He's also Jordan Peterson's brother in law.

    • @sherrythomas8149
      @sherrythomas8149 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Your comment is so valuable. You're describing exactly what I think about the subject and now I will actually listen and give it a try.

    • @nachonachoman
      @nachonachoman 11 หลายเดือนก่อน

      I would argue that microprocessor architect requires more engineering excellence than rocket science. And Jim Keller has been one of the best for a long time. A treat to hear him unfiltered

  • @psychotogether5114
    @psychotogether5114 4 ปีที่แล้ว +222

    These Lexures are nothing short of amazing. Don’t change anything. Your voice is yours.

    • @sethbracken
      @sethbracken 4 ปีที่แล้ว +9

      Sam Stone nice coinage lol

  • @hrishabhrajput9504
    @hrishabhrajput9504 4 ปีที่แล้ว +292

    Thanks Lex! I am a big fan of Jim Keller. I somewhere heard that the microprocessor industry is just this guy competing with himself. He is hired by different companies to beat the processor he had built previously at other company.

    • @kahvac
      @kahvac 4 ปีที่แล้ว +13

      Looks like he is uniquely qualified to do so.

    • @Jaker788
      @Jaker788 4 ปีที่แล้ว +36

      Well wherever he works, it's not just him. Ryzen for example, he made the data fabric to get the MCM and then chiplet architecture to mesh together, infinity fabric. The rest of the Ryzen architecture was mostly built by other AMD engineers lead by Jim.
      I think it's fair to say he always adds something significant to everything he works on, but it's not just him.

    • @wl4dymir
      @wl4dymir 4 ปีที่แล้ว +19

      ​@@Jaker788 a bunch of the very best engineers seem to gravitate around him and each other too whenever he moves. Or so I heard.

    • @Alistair
      @Alistair 4 ปีที่แล้ว +10

      @@Jaker788 you're taking the joke a bit overly literally there

    • @djmips
      @djmips 3 ปีที่แล้ว +9

      I think you can take it literally because he as much said that companies want to build a new architecture every 10 years but he wants to do it every 3-5 years. The only way to do that is to switch companies effectively.

  • @raneynickel7443
    @raneynickel7443 4 ปีที่แล้ว +190

    "Physics itself has been a shitshow for thousands of years." Brilliant!

    • @bry2k
      @bry2k 4 ปีที่แล้ว +27

      @@Spreadlove5683 He meant there's a lot of questions yet to be answered and a lot of disagreement about how to eventually get to those answers, if the answers even exist.

    • @vimalsheoran8040
      @vimalsheoran8040 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@bry2k Yep true.

    • @GrimSleepy
      @GrimSleepy 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      I would agree with hundreds, but the civilizations that seemed to have understanding of physics thousands of years ago seemed to take their knowledge and understanding with them when their empires collapsed.

    • @8kigana
      @8kigana 3 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      @@GrimSleepy oh my Lord you are 100% correct, they took that and certain medicinal cures with them too. Maybe even a sense of spirituality as well. I think of the Mayans ability to track time with such precisions, the Egyptians building pyramids with remarkable engineering and precision. It's like there were aliens we don't know about that somehow got them by (or lived among them).

    • @AE0N777
      @AE0N777 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@8kigana The Gobleki Teppe is another anomaly. A 12 000 year old hunter gatherer society should not have been able to produce the biggest monolithic site in history. Even more incredibly, they did not live there. Instead they used the site for a religious pilgrimage.

  • @jato72
    @jato72 4 ปีที่แล้ว +85

    Best podcast I have heard in a while. A very refreshing guest!

  • @brendank
    @brendank 4 ปีที่แล้ว +249

    Would love to see you talk with Linus Torvalds

  • @YinnonHaviv
    @YinnonHaviv 4 ปีที่แล้ว +178

    IMO, this is definitely one of the best interviews by Lex. I found Jim Keller to be a version of Elon Musk with improved communication skills and more grounded/effective approach to projects. Thank you Jim for the insights and Lex for facilitating the interview, it was truly fascinating.

    • @effexon
      @effexon 3 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      I still find it... unimaginable even with his communication skills to work with marketing... I dont know are they smart or not in tech, IT, but it sure is challenge.

    • @nachonachoman
      @nachonachoman 11 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      ​@@kevinc-nj5hnit's actually a valid comparison. They both set the architecture for their products. Architecture is a higher level of design. And Elon is really good at it. But IC architecture, IMHO, is probably the hardest product to do it on. Keller is a legend

    • @deanfowles3707
      @deanfowles3707 8 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Oh shut up

  • @samerm8657
    @samerm8657 3 ปีที่แล้ว +11

    What an incredible cocktail of a personality! Humble and down to earth, while seamlessly savage and large as a star at the same time.

  • @danesovic7585
    @danesovic7585 4 ปีที่แล้ว +108

    1:06:13
    Lex: "Everything you said is correct."
    Jim: "Yay"

  • @SomeTechGuy666
    @SomeTechGuy666 4 ปีที่แล้ว +245

    "I've read a couple books a week for 50 years." WOW. 1:24:00

    • @fatpen9731
      @fatpen9731 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Yeah, wow

    • @kyleganse4978
      @kyleganse4978 4 ปีที่แล้ว +17

      It shows what’s important to him!

    • @GaminHasard
      @GaminHasard 4 ปีที่แล้ว +35

      Yeah just paused right there and rewinded it. Did I get that right? Books are lives condensed in 200 pages. Learning tool for the human collective.

    • @SamuelHauptmannvanDam
      @SamuelHauptmannvanDam 4 ปีที่แล้ว +8

      There is only 2 others, I know do the same. Bill Gates and Marc Andreessen.

    • @jacobuserasmus
      @jacobuserasmus 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      I only started reading a few books a week a couple of years ago. I can just imagine what he must have learned.

  • @brandonb87
    @brandonb87 4 ปีที่แล้ว +15

    i've listened to many of these while at work in headphones, but this one in particular happened to resonate with me in a special way... thanks for being awesome

  • @mikexu9397
    @mikexu9397 4 ปีที่แล้ว +89

    I was shocked by the accuracy of the prediction of branching as well. I learned it when taking a computer architecture class that's required by my CS major. The explanation that I came up with is this: Intuitively when we think of a branch instruction, we think of it as an if-else structure in C. Then, the accuracy should be around 50%. Achieving 85% without doing anything fancy doesn't make any sense. However, the blind-spot is the loop structure. For example, when using a for loop in C, the complier translates the loop into a branch structure where if the condition is true, it branches back to the top of the loop; if it's not true, then it branches out of the loop. Imagining having a for loop that loops 50 times. Predicting that the branch will jump back to the loop will have an accuracy of 49/50 = 98%. Just imagine how many loops a normal program has. Having an 85% accuracy doesn't sound impossible now.
    Also, that's why I subjective believe that trying to prefect the prediction algorithm is the wrong way to go. The initial high accuracy is not merit. It's just a nice feature due to programs having many loops. There's no reason to think that we are able to prefect the prediction.
    Hope this helps.

    • @anjankatta1864
      @anjankatta1864 4 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      This is a helpful explanation thank you!

    • @a.d.1882
      @a.d.1882 4 ปีที่แล้ว +23

      Beside loops, there are also all the error checks conditionals which are false most of the time. There are even compiler macros to advise the compiler in that case (so that it can put the condition body in a far away memory area, this way more of the real code to be executed get cached).
      Honestly there’s really nothing surprising in this at all of that for people doing low-level / OS / compiler / game programming for a living. Only people who are stuck in their high-level programming ivory towers finds such information “surprising”.

    • @mikexu9397
      @mikexu9397 4 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      @@a.d.1882 Cool! Thanks!

    • @BladeAurora
      @BladeAurora 4 ปีที่แล้ว +6

      @@a.d.1882 yeah idk how so many people get stuck in their ivory towers. do they just forget everything they learn in computer architecture class?

    • @ethiesm1
      @ethiesm1 4 ปีที่แล้ว

      CRAZY🤯No Clue- Thank you

  • @keybraker
    @keybraker 4 ปีที่แล้ว +12

    Jim is an absolute legend. Cool, thoughtful, smart and humble.
    I need more Keller in my life.

  • @edh615
    @edh615 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Fantastic interview, can't get enough of him, any blogs\books\interviews with similar content? It's difficult to find such valuable compressed information on these topics.

  • @housecat93
    @housecat93 4 ปีที่แล้ว +19

    This is the one. THIS is the interview I was waiting for.

  • @pauliedibbs9028
    @pauliedibbs9028 4 ปีที่แล้ว +7

    Good call on the ads, Lex! You are absolutely right about maintaining the flow, and I can say for at least myself that it is appreciated.

  • @piyh3962
    @piyh3962 4 ปีที่แล้ว +31

    This is such an approachable talk on the most complex things humans manufacture. Thanks Lex.

  • @SpenserFL
    @SpenserFL 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Only just past halfway through and this is my favourite podcast ever - thank you Lex. So inspiring and hopeful.

  • @remixisthis
    @remixisthis ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Love the way he thinks and talks. No bs, straight to the point, and able to apply first principles and analogies immediately. Always locked in sharp thought. Makes the conversation better by challenging Lex with no ego

  • @rubenpinamonti7125
    @rubenpinamonti7125 4 ปีที่แล้ว +11

    I've watched this whole interview 3 times already; this man has me mesmerized.
    What truly wondrous intellect and wisdom.

    • @RolanElizabeth
      @RolanElizabeth 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Ikr,I think someone needs to take every 5 mins he talked about and do a 1 hour video explaining what he means practically and maybe he might be there to help too but you know, he's not a nobody he's a part of existence that's done something important so probably busy

  • @spacekidastro
    @spacekidastro 4 ปีที่แล้ว +11

    This guy's really well spoken on things and he stands on what he says, great interview👌🏽

  • @kingwoodbudo
    @kingwoodbudo 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    I had not heard of first principles until this video. Now I'm looking forward to learning more about it and how to apply it to whatever I do. Thanks, Lex for having so many great people come on your show. I've learned so much from so many of them.

  • @PrinceCharming2218
    @PrinceCharming2218 4 ปีที่แล้ว +145

    Jim Keller reminds me of an older Gilfoyle from Silicon Valley.

    • @tyler_drdn
      @tyler_drdn 4 ปีที่แล้ว +6

      Yeah, a brilliant jerk

    • @lifeisnotvibestv5124
      @lifeisnotvibestv5124 3 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      From the thumbnail i thought it was him lol

    • @WildeTheGreat
      @WildeTheGreat 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      Now I cannot unsee it 😅

    • @RolanElizabeth
      @RolanElizabeth 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Who's Gilfoyle

  • @nickamodio721
    @nickamodio721 4 ปีที่แล้ว +30

    What a fantastic conversation that was! It boggles my mind that people like Jim Keller exist; people who are able to absorb thousands of deeply abstract technical concepts and then as a team use that collective knowledge and intuition to create new, effectively magic objects such as microprocessors. It must take quite a special group of minds to accomplish that. I wish that I was smart enough to do something like that, but in the end I'm just glad we all get to come along for the ride and benefit from their brilliance. I can't wait to see what the next 20 years of exponential growth will do to society. I'm ready for a whole lot of change.

    • @RolanElizabeth
      @RolanElizabeth 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

      He mentioned something about reading a couple of books every week for 50 years and he's in a practical field that applies what you read,so maybe you can do something similar

  • @jordandaniel714
    @jordandaniel714 ปีที่แล้ว +51

    This is like watching an adult teaching a 6 year old new things

  • @legendhasit2568
    @legendhasit2568 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank you for organising this Lex. I’ve listened to this many times now and it has changed my thought processes. I listened to this on day one of release and am listening again now.
    Thank you, keep up the great work 👍

  • @137vuk
    @137vuk 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Such an amazing person to talk to.. I hope you will have some more interviews with Jim.
    Thank you for this one.

  • @christianpattison8238
    @christianpattison8238 4 ปีที่แล้ว +16

    Soo looking forward to the drive to work so I can listen to this on your podcast awesome work

  • @garyswift9347
    @garyswift9347 4 ปีที่แล้ว +25

    Hi Lex, you're GREAT. I'd love to see you talk to some people about the BIG DATA problems with modern astronomy. This conversation with Jim Keller made me think alot about this topic. I wish you had asked him a few things about it. Thanks for doing what you do. Keep it going for all of us who love to learn.

  • @PRASAD54321prasad
    @PRASAD54321prasad 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    It's super fun listening to him. I was wishing this particular conversation to be as long as it can get, while listening to him.

  • @ST-fk3jz
    @ST-fk3jz 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    I think this is the best episode you've made. Industry professionals are so grounded and so full of useful information

  • @Jman2008xxl
    @Jman2008xxl 4 ปีที่แล้ว +8

    This is F'n Oustanding! I wish I could have watched/listened to this podcast 10 years ago! 👏👍

  • @jgrutzik
    @jgrutzik 4 ปีที่แล้ว +194

    Hey Lex - Please ask each guest to provide a list of their top ten favorite books and add these lists to your show notes. Thanks for all you do.

    • @woocashky
      @woocashky 4 ปีที่แล้ว +21

      Joe Grutzik -> ten is a bit excessive - I read a lot but can't come up with 5 on top of my head ;P (maybe just me tho...) - all 5 titles would be some paniced bs that happened to rattle in my head at the time. And ten...?
      Ferris got workaround for this: "what is the one book that you've gifted the most" ... Or something like that. Much more specific imo...

    • @AnHebrewChild
      @AnHebrewChild 4 ปีที่แล้ว +10

      Joe G- I'm with the other commenter Lucas: I'd say 3 books would be good, 4-5 tops. But I do LIKE the idea.

    • @greensleeves6005
      @greensleeves6005 4 ปีที่แล้ว

      Bumppppppp

    • @Felicidade101
      @Felicidade101 4 ปีที่แล้ว +5

      book nerds. Its in the execution you will find wisdom!

    • @AnHebrewChild
      @AnHebrewChild 4 ปีที่แล้ว

      gekkeredon We've got to not merely hear good principles & practices but actually _execute_ on them. TRUE. Thing is, reading quality books is one of the best ways to acquire these principles. (As Keller explains in the vid). Hence, we book nerds' request for book recommendations. cheers

  • @IproCoGo
    @IproCoGo 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    It is so enjoyable to learn how creators think. I’ll spend another hour, thirty listening to this podcast again. Thank you!

  • @pwells2389
    @pwells2389 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Lex, this session was one of the most fun I've watched. You're body language and expression at 1:28:18 pretty much sums it all up. Just wonderful. Thank you.

  • @DaveWard-xc7vd
    @DaveWard-xc7vd 4 ปีที่แล้ว +90

    1:29:40
    "The rest of the population has been dealing with that since they were born".
    PRO FREAKING FOUND!

    • @npgatech7
      @npgatech7 4 ปีที่แล้ว

      I didn't understand that bit, can you explain?

    • @DaveWard-xc7vd
      @DaveWard-xc7vd 4 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      @@npgatech7
      He was forcasting the future relationship between super intelligent machines and humans, while reflecting on the current relationship between the 98% of people with average or below average intelligence and that 2% of people with genius IQs.
      Cars were invented by geniuses to be driven by fools. So it is with most things. In the future all of mankind will be the fool.

    • @MindlessSuccess
      @MindlessSuccess 4 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      Well most people don't deal with it because they ignore the facts and base their decisions on emotions. My observation is that the dumber the person, the less aware they are of the existence of people more intelligent than them. Perhaps, a super intelligent AI will be something that we will never even become aware of.

    • @DaveWard-xc7vd
      @DaveWard-xc7vd 4 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      @@MindlessSuccess
      I am blessed/cursed with an exceptionally high IQ and for the most part people dont seem to notice because I lean towards being introverted and I tend to observe more than judge. Then there have been situations where I stepped out of character to save the day and people I thought my friends have reacted badly. It was as though their whole perception of me had just been shattered. I dont pretend to be an idiot. I just dont try to solve every problem but they react as if lied to them
      Strange.

    • @DaveWard-xc7vd
      @DaveWard-xc7vd 4 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@MindlessSuccess
      I agree with you on AI. It is most likely among us and we have no idea.
      But I suspect.

  • @AlanW
    @AlanW 4 ปีที่แล้ว +56

    "let me ask Jim Keller: 'what is conciousness?'" - 🤣

  • @luclessard5400
    @luclessard5400 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    A meeting of two great minds. What a delight. I just can have enough of this. Thank you Lex.

  • @bitwise01
    @bitwise01 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    @Lex Fridman thanks for taking the time to produce these podcasts, it's much appreciated. very interesting & informative!

  • @Gi-Home
    @Gi-Home 4 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    You keep hitting the ball out of the park, great interview! Great guest and as always great interaction between the host and the guest. Thank you.

  • @gnollio
    @gnollio 4 ปีที่แล้ว +5

    Great interview. The difference in perspective (academic vs engineer) makes the conversation fascinating.

  • @huguesviens
    @huguesviens 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Amazing interview ! It s been a long time that I was so mesmerized by the such a deep understanding of one craft, and what a hell of a craft. Thanks a lot for that one.

  • @raifsevrence
    @raifsevrence 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    This is hands down the best podcast I have listened to in a long time. Absolutely fantastic. Another wonderful podcast which I learned about from JRE.

  • @MrSushantsingh
    @MrSushantsingh 4 ปีที่แล้ว +20

    Jim taking Lex’s case every few minutes 🤣 Jim was trying to save a then sinking AMD when I was there back in 2012-13 time frame, thereafter life forced me towards Deep Learning😊

  • @kylegushue
    @kylegushue 4 ปีที่แล้ว +8

    Wow. This was a tremendous episode. My new favorite guest!!

  • @mpetry912
    @mpetry912 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    golly. this is one of those discussions that has so much in it that I had to repeat several sections to get a full understanding. thank you Lex, well worth the time.

  • @kirdiekirdie
    @kirdiekirdie 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    This was the first of your interviews I've listened to and it was amazing, I will definitely listen to more!

  • @litolito7314
    @litolito7314 4 ปีที่แล้ว +11

    this is one of your most interesting interviews ever! AWESOME

  • @marzx13
    @marzx13 4 ปีที่แล้ว +7

    Great Podcast, one of my favorite episodes. Love the analogy between chip architecture and team and corporate structures. So cool to have the opportunity to see Jim explain his work at this level.

  • @Jacob-sb3su
    @Jacob-sb3su 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    I just wanna say Lex, your podcast has inspired me. For far too long ive been somewhat in a dormant state. I wake up, I go to work, I watch netflix, and I go to sleep.
    Your podcast has changed that for me, its inspired me to learn amd think critically. Its inspired me to use my time to further my knowledge l, not stave off my boredome.
    I hope one day I get to meet you and thank you in person, and, maybe even get to work with you. Its been a pleasure getting an insight into your mind and your guests minds. Keep doing what youre doing, its awesome.

  • @0ne87
    @0ne87 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    I came for the technical discussion but I really enjoyed his views on the philosophical topics and others not directly related to the technical. I really hope to see more interviews of Jim on various topics he seems incredibly knowledgable. Great talk.

  • @caractacustube
    @caractacustube 4 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Gems. Thank you Jim Keller, and Lex for making this happen.

  • @tiberiumihairezus417
    @tiberiumihairezus417 4 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    A great review of Electronic Calculators university course, and beyond. Great, great video. Thank you so much for the content you are providing us.

  • @kadenabet
    @kadenabet 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    My favorite interview of Friedman's yet. So direct, so simple.

  • @christinaayres84
    @christinaayres84 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    I must say i love the content u bring. But i have an additional much respect to your thoughtfulness in the regard of ad placement. Thank you so much for sharing these.

  • @CharlesVanNoland
    @CharlesVanNoland 4 ปีที่แล้ว +26

    As far as the recipe analogy is concerned, I've always thought about it like this: some people know a lot of recipes and are great at executing them while much fewer people know how to actually come up with recipes because they have an intimate grasp on and awareness of the problem space and all of its dimensionality.

    • @lolurobese
      @lolurobese 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Yes, there’s absolutely recognition deserved for the recipe makers.
      But how about the expert craftsmen/chefs who trained for thousands of hours that execute the recipe at a much higher level than the average one?
      Both are equally impressive

  • @MrBizaaro
    @MrBizaaro ปีที่แล้ว +7

    This guy has found inner peace. Awesome guest. Awesome podcast

  • @chris_1337
    @chris_1337 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Wow, Jim is great. This is one of the best episodes yet, Lex.

  • @megapixeler
    @megapixeler 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    This video was great... It has been a long time since the last time I asked myself so many different questions one after the other. Very interesting topics and I liked how both of you are one step ahead of the obvious and someties don't even mention or refer to it.

  • @oscwolf1
    @oscwolf1 4 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    This has been the best conversation that I have had the pleasure of listening to.

    • @RolanElizabeth
      @RolanElizabeth 2 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      Yeah he's practical, he's simple yet knows a vast knowledge about computer which weirdly ties to other part of human life

  • @osirisgolad
    @osirisgolad 4 ปีที่แล้ว +7

    Hello Lex, I just listened to the JRE episode with you on it and then decided to come to your channel to just have a look, not necessarily expecting too much crossover between my interests and the subject matter of your channel. The first thing I see is Jim Keller, the person at the top of my list of people who I have been wanting to hear speak outside of their official capacity for at least a decade now. I can't wait to listen to this and discover who else you've had on your show.

    • @valoriel4464
      @valoriel4464 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      JRE bump got me here too. Subscribed, then podcast binge ensued. Great content

  • @MrBSmizzle
    @MrBSmizzle 2 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Fascinating podcast. I took an enormous amount away from this and the 2nd one as well. Would love him to do another one!

  • @DamianReloaded
    @DamianReloaded 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Another great interview! I need to thank this man for having being part of the engineering of my beloved hobby and profession! Thanks for the passion and the hard work Jim Keller!

  • @GamingBlake2002
    @GamingBlake2002 4 ปีที่แล้ว +29

    Never knew about this guy.. great episode!

  • @DonBrowningRacing
    @DonBrowningRacing 4 ปีที่แล้ว +11

    Pure pleasure watching Lex finally bend to some of Jim's answers when Lex would suddenly realize Jim's answer was beyond Lex's preconceived answer. Beautiful.

    • @ZaDowlan
      @ZaDowlan 4 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      Yea. I feel like this while interview went above Lex's head

  • @Sanaki131
    @Sanaki131 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    What an absolutely brilliant episode. Thank you Lex for doing this!

  • @magnusahlden7087
    @magnusahlden7087 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    This is the best video I’ve watched in months. Thanks!! I’ve learned a lot.

  • @basicallyeveryone
    @basicallyeveryone 4 ปีที่แล้ว +13

    I wish I had a dad like him to talk about stuff like this.

  • @soareverix
    @soareverix 4 ปีที่แล้ว +11

    This is probably my favorite episode so far. Very well done. I especially loved his take on human satisfaction at 1:18:47: doing complex work fast and effectively makes the human brain happy. Really interesting thought, and something I'd love to learn more about :D

  • @davemilke3110
    @davemilke3110 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    This subject is so important to me that I put off listening to this podcast until I knew I had uninterrupted time to enjoy it - I was not disappointed - so good, thanks.

  • @woocashky
    @woocashky 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Hmm... surprisingly this became my top 10 best podcasts of all time. I got so many awesome quotes from that one and I didn't even know Jim and how cool he is. Thanks for bringing him in!

  • @pokeshark
    @pokeshark 4 ปีที่แล้ว +20

    01:32:26 "my nephew called me a jaded optimist" hahaha

  • @hisyamudin
    @hisyamudin 4 ปีที่แล้ว +28

    If Warner Bro reading this, please hire Jim Keller as the next iterations of The Matrix Engineer in The Matrix 4

  • @kyleganse4978
    @kyleganse4978 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    lex my man this has become my favorite show to watch! Keep it up dude!

  • @georgemccaffery3260
    @georgemccaffery3260 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Very good episode, Lex. I hope Jim comes back and does another show. I get the feeling there's more you two could covered.

  • @mradminus
    @mradminus 4 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    How did you manage to get Mr Keller on the show, one of my biggest heroes all time! Keep up the great work Fridman!!

  • @utubeubi
    @utubeubi 4 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    As a software guy, I’m just stunned. Thank you Lex

  • @keebkat_6761
    @keebkat_6761 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank you so much for this, I love your podcasts.
    I start my mornings with one and a coffee before class.
    Again, Thank you. This kind of information isn't easily found.
    Please make a spotify?

  • @divyabhatia9916
    @divyabhatia9916 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    mind blown! so satisfying. Thanks so much for this podcast and bringing him on.

  • @JasonSiemens
    @JasonSiemens 4 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    Great interview, you are the future of journalism -- people that are experts in both interviewing as well as the subject matter. Jim is a legend!

  • @davidwallace1594
    @davidwallace1594 4 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Lex, Jim Keller gave you a run for your money! One of your best interviews!

  • @abhinandannuli9835
    @abhinandannuli9835 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    oh, mannnn!!! that was a crazily intense conversation. Forget about technology, the way these 2 look at life is so amazing. Kudos to you two @Lex Fridman and @Jim Keller

  • @dr.fistingstein1566
    @dr.fistingstein1566 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank god we got this in before the great lockdowns of 2020. I was able to watch this over and over again and this time I think I finally finished it without pausing to rewind or think or look something up or any combination of those. 1 year almost to the day. Yaaaay. i understood a conversation!

    • @RolanElizabeth
      @RolanElizabeth 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

      What did you learn so far,you can do a 7 hour video explaining the things he talked about, would pay to see it

  • @Oblivic
    @Oblivic 4 ปีที่แล้ว +7

    Lex you’re a treasure. And Jim thanks for one of the best talks I’ve heard on this channel so far.

  • @robv3872
    @robv3872 3 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    This is probably my favorite podcast! This due rocks lol Please have him again!!

  • @VioletPrism
    @VioletPrism 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Truely amazing! I love your questions and ability to pull more information from others.

  • @user-xt2tp4dz3f
    @user-xt2tp4dz3f 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Awesome interview with great insight. Whenever I have to listen at 1x speed I know it's good!

  • @DagnirGlaurunga
    @DagnirGlaurunga 4 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Wow, that one was so much fun, great work!

  • @boggers
    @boggers 4 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    This may be the best interview I have ever seen.

  • @mystery0793
    @mystery0793 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    One of they most interesting interviewees. Lex did a great job at getting these answers out. Thanks!

  • @danishkhalid9255
    @danishkhalid9255 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Lex, thank you so much for doing this amazing podcast. This was fascinating!