Rare Earth Mining: The Key to our Technological Future | FD Engineering
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 14 พ.ค. 2024
- Rare Earth Mining: The Key to our Technological Future | FD Engineering
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For thousands of years, they lay dormant in the soil until suddenly, they became the driving force behind a technical revolution. Smart phones, laptops, touch screens, wind turbines, hybrid vehicles: they all need rare earth materials.
Among the first to recognize this were the Chinese. Today China mines an incredible 97% of all rare earth minerals extracted worldwide. The Chinese government makes good use of this monopoly: recently, it cut production by about two-thirds. Within days the prices of some rare earth metals shot up by 1000%. However, the Chinese also have to deal with the downside of rare earth mining: Environmental pollution, destroyed landscapes and radioactive residues, as rare earth metal deposits are usually laced with radioactive minerals and are extremely difficult to refine.
Because of the scarcity of rare earth deposits, the sky-rocketing prices on the international commodity market and the environmental problems associated with mining and processing, scientists around the world are looking for new, better ways to source these minerals. We follow researchers as they drill for new deposits in Europe and Australia, we see how they try and find new, more environmentally friendly ways of processing the materials, we discover how they try and recycle them out of old mobile phones and computers - and we reveal how physicists and chemists are working on ground-breaking new materials that could soon replace rare earths completely - a fascinating glimpse at cutting-edge research that could make our green technologies of the future even greener.
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Great video, very informative, I wish you would put the date of the documentaries release in the videos description as I have to figure it out as I am watching which is really not ideal!
I am guessing this video was made around 2015. The Mountain Pass mine shut down in 2016 and was purchased by a new firm, MP Resources in 2017. They sent their concentrate to China for final processing, but they are working on restarting their own local refinery.
Agreed. I mean, you can always look up the publication date of a video, but it seems like it'd come with it somehow. In this case, a lot of the new RE deposit discoveries happened more recently.
The research concession in the Pacific basin was only granted for a few years and has been returned to the International Seafloor Authority by now.
China has bought the market dominance for REE with the health of the population in Baotou area.
The new Apatite ore body found north of Kiruna is also near iron ore and looks to be Mozanite. So the projected REE refinery in Norway's Lulea will have Thorium as a by product that needs to be stored as radioactice waste.
The particular project in Germany was bancrupt and closed years ago.
Theyre not rare to find, theyre rare to be able to mine!
Go find me a handful of diamonds then! You don’t even know
Rare metals are always very hard to prospect and process, but their demand is very small too. So don't worry
Great doc guys, coming from this line of work you fascinated the whole time. Im continually surprised that although everybody uses rare earth minerals and metals almost no one knows what makes up the technology they use or what mining means for their way of life and certainly not how these operations work.
2020 come on man ! please inform us before we watch 3/4 to hear 2020.... so much have happens since then
"Internal combustion engine is dead"
Lol
That's absurd. The internal combustion engine will continue to be manufactured for another 3-4 years.
well, there are two approaches needed: finding new sources, especially in europe, and recycling. as a chemist, I see the problem that the rare earth elements behave similarly and are hard to separate from each other. but it's possible and furthermore, they like to stick together. so generating a fraction that contains a mix of rare earth elements should not be too hard.
Europe has sources. Sweden has two huge deposits of both light and heavy rare earths that look economic to mine, it's just that Sweden has turned its back on the mining industry. Norway also has huge deposits in earlier stages of exploration.
@@AEVMU sure, but I'm from austria. austria is basically not prospecting in the alps anymore. we have deposits, if we search them. for example one of the largest lithium deposits in europe and one of the largest thorium deposits in europe. so, searching for that stuff should be a priority. especially since climate change makes skiing in the alps less and less viable.
There is a new massive deposit in the US found at sheeps creek..89,932ppm with a 23,810 ppm neodymium and praseodymium deposites.
absolutely essential for re-establishing our own chip manufactoring
(I didn't even know we had an element called praesodymium wtf lol)
@@ExarchGaming that's quite a nice amount 🙂
@@robertheinrich2994 yes you are right. We should also take into account the way to extract these minerals. Sweden has many rivers that are destroyed because they couldn't handle the waste material, simply because the demand for electric vehicles was so high that they didn't have time to implement strict regulations. Especially that 1 electric vehicle produces many tons of waste!
A Privately owned company North American Strategic Minerals ( NASM) may have the answer with a geologic model and land positions which indicate huge potential REE resources see recent announcement.
Rare earth from China and Vietnam half of them come from the small landlocked country name Lao, they took these elements out to Vietnam and China days and nights . But hidden to prevent others country to know and come to take the huge steaks
The 17 rare earth elements are: lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), praseodymium (Pr), neodymium (Nd), promethium (Pm), samarium (Sm), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), terbium (Tb), dysprosium (Dy), holmium (Ho), erbium (Er), thulium (Tm), ytterbium (Yb), lutetium (Lu), scandium (Sc), and yttrium (Y).
Chinium(Cn)
Good and balanced documentary. Thank you.
The burgeoning EV industry is progressively moving away from rare-earths in their batteries and motors because other ways with little performance compromise have been found to implement similar results with significant cost reductions using materials that are much more plentiful (and therefore lower Cost Of Manufacture).
However, I do see that the lowly Neo' permanent magnet industry faces supply issues.
The electronics (silicon fabrication) industry uses rare earths. I suspect this will not be necessary in the near future - again with little compromise.
Wind turbine technology can also change the technology used to avoid the need for permanent Neo' magnets in generators. This is primarily the same set of issues faced by the EV industry that is advancing their technology each year in a sustainable way.
The recycling segment in this video is very good. That is where we need to go globally in order to relieve considerable pressure on mining.
The human race needs to learn from nature. Bees, ants and other lifeforms collect what they need without doing serious damage to the environment. Instead of building one big expensive massive system we should be building thousands of small systems to achieve the mission. The key to our future hides amongst nature and the past. Good documentary this is. :)
China's dominance in RE minerals puts it in the driver's seat on these matters. All the $$ put into finding new sources, recycling etc. can be made completely moot if China chose to do so.....and I assure you they will.
This video has me questioning just how many "earths" there are. ;-)
The waste streams need a radiation based bulk elemental analysis so they can be sorted. This is done for coal, so the tech already exists. Instead of going elemental on recycling magnets, the analysis can be used like scrap steel folks use theirs: they use computer program to mix the incoming batches to match an order's alloy composition.
We do need to recycle everything, not just one material.
We need to mandate and subsidies recycling till it become profitable if ever. We can't be sustainable till we do.
Wind turbines work fine with iron based ferrite magnets and most wind turbines don't use PM magnets at all, they are induction based steel and copper.
Tesla's newest motor uses zero rare earths.
Solar doesn't use rare earths at all. Nor do batteries.
It's lighting, and displays that must have rare earths, there are no known replacements.
An examination of the sea floor spreading process reveals that the spreading line is more or less 2 dimensional and creates a very fertile ecosystem crabs, tube worms, sponges and many other life form that live on assorted chemicals that flow from the spreading zone. This a progressive process and the living zone gradually lives less and less vigorously and eventually becomes a dead sone and as the fecal wastes grow deeper, it is a buried dead zone of a huge extent. So these miners have no need to mine active spreader zones - they can start further away and kill nothing. They just need dig out more worm poop. This will be a better process, the old poop is denser and spreads less = zero need to kill fresh spreading zones. The old zones are 10,000 times as large
It looks very good.
The ocean lol😅
woww.
I know of a rare earths vein of baseball sized nodules approximately 5 feet in height by 25 feet in width containing an average of 7 nodules per square foot in a host rock of calcite at a length of 40 miles. I tried to acquire a mining permit nearby for another mineral but was denied due to it being radioactive material . Ill be going back to get samples for testing soon .
How’d you find it originally?
To hell with “Green” technology!..
Deep sea mining sounds good till ppl dredge the seafloor
They could seed ocean to grow more
Let's not scour the ocean floor for these elements, instead let's find them in asteroids.
Thats a good idea
If you can design a rocket that does that,
All aboard the space train! Let's process them off earth too. No deep sea! Those pesky Germans, worse than Norway! I don't think China would care about environmental concerns.
Too many movies.
you could but you need more rare earth before you could achieve that
I am opposed to mining the ocean floor for minerals. Most of the environmental disaster of the past were caused by the best most educated experts of their time, resulting in catastrophic problems later . Lots of well-meaning people have caused damages larger than the benefits they produced . This is a mistake we should avoid at all costs. It is a better plan to look at mine tailings in previously minded locations greatly reducing reducing the damages caused .
Would asteroid mining cause other problems? That would be completely dependent upon the methods used . We are already experiencing problems in orbit caused by previous human activity. Let's not make a mess in the asteroid belt.
the sea has taken enough lives, good its giving back.
guys , we killing our earth in new name called green energy , this planet would spit us out one day
Rare earth is not rare. it is all in the processing. most producers/country can process only 16 out of 17 elements. China is capable of all 17.
Not only that, many of processing chemicals needed are made in china. some are byproducts. There are efficiency reasons industry tends to group together.
Hi there what up
No email works to this channel
umm what tesla smal company around 38.20 🤣
This is cute.
Definitely using the language of the anti-renewable fossil fuel industry.
And why no mention that Tesla intends to switch to motors which use no rare earths?
They spend about 30 seconds saying just that.
Instead of thinking about how we can bring rare earths why shouldn't we think about how to avoid using them the same way can stop using hadrycarburators.
30.0 That's a mufflle furnace, not a blast furnace. Poor.
We end the world when human start to remove the elements from these rare earth.
🎵🎶🎵Bye bye American empire of Lies (🍪Pies🍪) LOL 😂😂😂
In congo you just dig it with your hands why would you go under water to damage marine life as well as risk your life too much double standards
Out of focus
I wonder. With China using up all their resources, where do they plan to get them from when they run out? Could it be related to their aggression and destruction of ocean reefs in the construction of forward military air bases?
china does not plan ahead. they use what they have. some mine owner in northwest china does not care about the effects of waste somewhere else. that's why china is in the weird situation of being the number one in CO2 emissions and the country that is hit hardest by climate change (besides special countries like kiribati, seychelles and a few others, who will just be submerged when the sea rises 2-3 meters).
Chinas been setting up poor countries with offers of assistance with an unfair preditory contract causing more harm than good to the assisted country.
Stop embarrassing you
@@s_africanchannel4810 interesting answer. can you elaborate? where did I embarrass myself?
@@robertheinrich2994 which reef did China destroy just because you don't like something or someone it shouldn't give you rights to go talk negative about them which aggression are you talking about?
Uhm uhm and uhm
Why'd you leave the ocean alone. We already are destroying the land. You wanted to destroy the ocean too and come on
Whatdafish
How many times is this going to posted with different title or different picture prompting it , this about the 7th time.
it was posted by Spark but not these guys. they pay a small fee to host the content then rely on Ad sense to make a few dollars.
It is more easy buy rrare earth to china.
It is more easy to tell that you are from China and, as such, want to promote China's monopoly on rare earths.