Chemistry Tutorial: Chemical Equations
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 21 ก.ย. 2024
- This chemistry tutorial video explains how to balance a Chemical Equation, how to write one, and what is it actually. The video shows how to balance the chemical equation for the reaction between H2 and O2 to form water, H2O. These same principles can be applied to balancing all chemical equations.
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About Atomic School:
Atomic School supports the teaching of Atomic Theory to primary school & science students .
We provide lesson plans, hands-on classroom resources, demonstration equipment, quizzes and a Teacher's Manual to primary school teachers. Animated videos that clearly explain the scientific ideas supports learning by both teachers and students. As a teacher, you don't have to look anywhere else to implement this program.
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About Ian Stuart (Email: ian.douglas.stuart@gmail.com):
The founder of Atomic School, Ian Stuart, taught Chemistry and Physics for 25 years at senior levels before he realized that his 8-year old son, Tom, could understand Atomic Theory at a much deeper level than he expected. After visiting Tom's class at school, he discovered that his peers could also grasp the abstract scientific concepts, as well as apply it usefully to the real world.
Ian then developed a program to teach the advanced concepts of high school Chemistry, Physics and Biology to students 10 years younger than they normally would. He found that this engaged their interest in modern science early, and sustained it through to high school and beyond. It also sets them up for future success in their academic and career paths.
Ian has a Bachelor's Degree in Chemistry from the University of Queensland and a Master's degree in Electrochemistry from the University of Melbourne.
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Video transcript:
In an earlier video we showed how two H2 and one O2 molecule can rearrange to form two H2O molecules. Because a new substance is formed, this change qualifies as a CHEMICAL REACTION. We'll now replay the reaction in slow motion to show 3 snapshots in time as the reaction goes through different stages. At the beginning there are two H2 molecules and one O2 molecule. These starting substances are called the REACTANTS. When the molecules bust apart, there are 4 hydrogen and 2 oxygen atoms, and at the end there are 2 H2O molecules. These are called the PRODUCTS of the reaction.
We can see how the bonds change during the reaction by using structural formulas showing the symbols joined by sticks. When the reactants bust apart, 2 bonds within the H2 molecules, and a double bond within the O2 molecule are broken. When the products are assembled, 4 new bonds are made inside the H2O molecules.
Scientists have a shorthand way of writing these changes, called a CHEMICAL EQUATION, which uses an arrow to illustrate the molecules before and after the reaction. The reactants are written on the left of the arrow, and the products on the right. It's like a movie script which shows where all the actors are before and after a scene.
In this case, the reactant molecules, H2 and O2 are written on the left, and the product molecules, H2O, are written on the right. Scientists don't usually bother with the in-between stage of busted apart atoms, because this doesn't last very long.
Oh, and the "and" in the equation is replaced by a plus sign, because it's quicker and it means the same thing.
Notice that there are two H2molecules at the beginning?
great help for a dad who studied chemistry ages back and now wants to help his son
Actually, I'm in the same boat, Nadim :)
Stellar! Once again you have provided learners with a crystal clear lesson that will help them better understand the universe. Great Job!
Thanks Jack ... better late than never :)
Excellent videos! I’ve just started watching these from the beginning and find them very clear and easy to understand. There is one thing I don’t understand, however, and that is - when Heating the H2 and O2 molecules, what prevents the O2 molecules re-bonding with each other, rather than seeking out H2 molecules? Thanks for the superb lessons.
Great question, Eric. The H and H. and O atoms do rebond to form H2 and O2 again. However, the H-H and O=O bonds are _weaker_ than the newly formed O-H bonds, so when the temperature cools most surviving bonds will be those of H2O. Once formed, H2O is relatively hard to break apart. In other words, the total energy required to break apart two H2O molecules is greater than two H2 and one O2 molecule. This is thermodynamics.
In 0:28 R.I.P. Headphone users (including me)
kyutY [GD] Thanks for the warning!
sonomabob thanks for letting me find myself from 4 years ago, hi me!
you just made my day... too bad I didn't read the comment... but had no headphones on.. just LOUD speakers on lol...
You're a gifted teacher! Thank you so much for sharing your knowledge in such an understandable way.
Thanks Laura ... better late than never :)
That is a superb video. Your illustrations are down to earth. Well done.
Thanks Philip. (Better late than never :))
Hi at the end of the video you had a number of equations. One of them was C3H8 + 5O2 - 4H2O? Could you please explain further on where the Carbon?
That's a typo, Juan. Maybe you can tell me what the missing part is?
...+3O2+3C?
This is a good refresher, thank you
Welcome, Sydney.
Hey Ian. Terrific videos! I learned a lot. Pleasant music and graphics. You are a splendid teacher! Three interesting questions were raised by viewers in this comment section. I hope someone read these comments and answer the questions.
Thanks Rajendra.
Sir you are teaching us clearly and can you please put a video on CHEMICAL EFFECTS OF ELECTRIC CURRENT !!
There is heat produced in this reaction. Where does the energy come from, unless some of the H2 is converted in the presence of O2, leaving the H2O molecules lighter than the original 2 H2 +O2 molecules. My inquiring mind wants to know.
Hi Rick, I think you are thinking of converting mass into energy? In chemical processes, the energy is "stored" in the chemical bonds, so that the bonds of the original H2 and O2 have more chemical (potential) energy stored in them than the bonds of the H2O molecules. The difference is the energy that is released. Sometimes the reactants have less energy in their bonds compared to products, so energy needs to be added for the reaction to happen.
Good for learning, Ian.
Thanks Guanlin. (even if a bit late)
Why do we balance the chemical formulas? Is it so we know what (reactants) atoms and molecules are necessary to make a product.
It's mainly to predict how much reactants we need, or how much product will be produced. For example, in industry.
Great vid! What is the song name?
Thanks George. Sorry, I don't know the name of the plucky music as I just downloaded it from a stock website.
when the H & O molecules heat up and separate H & O atoms, why do they not rejoin within the same atoms during chemical reaction?
+Ian Stuart Thank you for your quick answer. Your videos are great help to understand.
@@heavenjahid i still dont underst and plz reply
You are a good I mean an exellent teacher
Thank you, Mustafa!
very good learned a lot.
Good to hear, James.
Awesome
Thanks!
040623 💛🧡❤ Thank You
I feel like im playing undertale with this music haha
Hi, This one is harder for me. Why is it important to balance chemical equations? Thanks, Sandra
because the atom will become unstable
Ian Stuart ,That is a superb video. Your illustrations are down to earth.
Thanks
It helps us predict how much product will be produced, for a given amount of reactant. In industry :)
Turn down at :18-:20
:) Hallo!
I’m only here because my teacher told me to watch this 🙄 not helping me with MY assignment.
Sorry to hear that. Good luck with it.