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View full lesson: ed.ted.com/lessons/dark-matter...
The Greeks had a simple and elegant formula for the universe: just earth, fire, wind, and water. Turns out there's more to it than that -- a lot more. Visible matter (and that goes beyond the four Greek elements) comprises only 4% of the universe. CERN scientist James Gillies tells us what accounts for the remaining 96% (dark matter and dark energy) and how we might go about detecting it.
Lesson by James Gillies, animation by TED-Ed.
scientists: 80% of the universe is dark matter
people: what is dark matter
scientists: ¯\_(ツ)_/¯
What a scientist..😀
This comment is so underrated!
`\_(●●/)_/`
No dark Matter is just 25 percent 70 percent dark energy and other just 5 percent is matter
That made me crack up
TED-Ed attempting to save me from an existential crisis at the end of the video...
Na, we are still nothing compared to observable universe, now imagine how tiny we are to the actual universe.
@@Enzoki_ Everything we know today is just based on the 5% of the Universe we can actually see and yet we can't even understand a fraction on how that 5% fully works lol
Omg you guys what are you doing here?❤️
And as far as we know we are the only species
keyword: as far as we know
Curiously, this comment gets 2.3K likes but just 4 replies. Interesting.
I love that the one thing we know is that we don't know it all
yeah!
MC cashMax Socrates*
"I know I know nothing"
cool my dude have a nice day
Or we know it all wrong? Maybe ?
The fact that we are able to look at ‘all of this’ and say, ‘Wow, I know very little about this amazing universe,’ is pretty bloody impressive if you ask me.
too late to explore the world
too soon to explore the galaxy
just in time to watch ted ed vids
"I was born in the wrong generation,"
+All Across Earth How? We are some of the generations that are literally watching the insane things such as internet or web (which will one day probably connect all the strings of humanity in this universe like it does today on Earth) being weaved in front of our eyes. We are some of the first ones to use such kind of technology. (AKA Golden Age of Technology)
Perhaps, in future (thousands of years from today) people would be thinking just like us. Even if they were able to explore different galaxies, they might think that they were born in the WRONG GENERATION because they wouldn't be able to explore different dimensions or other galaxy clusters. We should be satisfied with what we have and where we are.
Someone need to points the " " " harder.
ķkkkkk best comment
just in time for exploring web.
If you were to give this information to someone from 500 years ago, even someone like Newton, it would basically be gibberish. Now imagine what a scientific talk from 500 years in the future will look like.
+Simon Carlile If we continue upon the same path, as we are on, 500 years in the future, scientist will consult the laws of THE BIBLE, rather than user their brains to solve problems rationally.
Daniel Gregory
Yeah, I meant optimistic, happy futures. Not ones ruled by Christian or Muslim extremists (or both)
+Daniel Gregory I'd rather not go back to a religious institution pulling the strings. Why would you revert to an evil larger than anything we have today?
Its truely amazing how every idea, language, culture and knowledge evolves and changes over time in our civilization.
Imagine, the most bizzar, seemingly crazy and ludecrous scientific studies and theories today, may be common sense in a few decades or so. Gravity was once like this, so was the earth being round, and the existance of microorganisms. For lack of a word profound enough to truley reflect this idea: "amazing"
CraftKitty
I think there's something to the current trend in quantum mechanics as viewing information as the most basic unit of existence. I suspect we're on the cusp of fleshing out a theory in the next few decades that will radically shift how we view physical laws. If I'm correct in my expectations, it will make "The Matrix" seem like dipping your toes into the pool, whereas this will be diving straight into the deep end.
1:21 Just a moment to appreciate this brilliant attemt at visually presenting the nature of electrons and their "movement" around the nucleus.
i was going to comment this exact statement
@@interestedperson174 I noticed that too! So often when atoms are shown, they show electrons like planets orbiting a star which is not even close to accurate. This video does a nice job of showing how chaotic and hazy an atom really is.
"Beautiful is what we see...
More beautiful is what we know
Most beautiful by far is what we dont."
Wow , i will memorize this as a quote
Sounds profound but from what I can tell doesn’t mean anything lol
@@williamhan2064 There is a proverb in Bangla “The inhabitants of one river’s ashore say - How beautiful the other end is. While the people of the end say- such wonderful place this ashore is. “
Meaning no matter what beautiful things we possess, what we don't have is the most exquisite.
@@queenanneboleyn6848 Sounds a lot like "the grass is greener on the other side" if I'm understanding it correctly. Which most of the times isn't true. The people at one side of the river say it's more beautiful on the other side, but is it actually?
@@queenanneboleyn6848 Furthermore, what is meant by: what we know is more beautiful than what we see. When is this true, and more importantly, why is this generally true. If I were to rephrase this quote into something that made more sense, perhaps it would go something like "Beautiful is what we see and know, but the greatest wonder lies in what we don't."
Apparently all the answers scientists can't seem to find have been hidden away in the TH-cam comments section all along ...
Da Don 😂
Thank you!
Da Don XD
😂🤣👍👍👍
apparently scientists are just humans just like the ones with answers in the comments section of the biggest database of knowledge in the world with the most users in the world by large. good one
Dark Matter: "Do you even matter, bro?"
+It's Me
Dark energy : I know, right? *Tower's over both of them.*
👍🏻
Me : Well that's not a light matter to make fun of...😁
Everyone : What is the matter with you ?
Personal attack 100
The deeper you dive into physics and cosmology the freakier it gets. Says alot about the minds of scientists that much of what they derive is through indirect observation.
This quick explanation of string theory finally makes me understand what Sheldon from The Big Bang Theory keeps talking about
boy,i love big bang theory
I think the ancient Greeks were probably thinking about the STATES of matter with their analogy.
Earth - Solid
Water - Liquid
Air - Gas
Fire - Light/Energy
For their access of knowledge, that's actually pretty brilliant.
Genius
Yes, that's what I thought! It also says that on Wikipedia, except Fire is Plasma.
So, Stan Lee stole the idea of the Fantastic Four from the Greeks? Excelsior!
But ancient Indians long long ago, definitely before the Greeks told that there r 5 elements..the 5th one being Space..ie., Dark matter n Dark energy all put together. ..
And how did they come up with the Aether? Oh +Gopichand It's Aether, (Dark Matter = Neutrinos?)...
Can we call the study of dark matter the Dark Arts pleease xD
+aditya narayan More like Darkology.
I'm afraid not aditya. You must take social factors into account on these names. Can you imagine a physicist from Boston saying "daaak aaaats" and confusing everybody? It just won't do!
Best proposal ever!
+Dennis Magee I laughed so hard DAAAK AAATS
Why not? It would be sooo epic seeing their faces on a oh serious conference that it could actually get away with it as an opening joke of sorts. It would be awesome o,0,o
If the universe is expanding, then what is outside of it?
That's the basic question scientists won't touch cause they have absolutely no ideas on the subject.
Derek hacault+ outside of universe is only plane darkness
but is there? I mean there must be something for there to be darkness, darkness is something right? We honestly have no idea what is "outside" of the expanding universe, just like we can't know what was before The Big Bang.
the universe we see are inside a bubble and outside of it is another bubbles of universes
It expands into the space it occupies. If you can think of it as a sphere of boiling matter, bubbling away in space, what bubbles up from the inside rolls around itself back down into itself. So in essence its occupying an infinite space and it just expands and bends its way through itself into the space it occupies. That's how I imagine it anyway.
I would love to mention few things. According to Hindu ancient scriptures, there are 5 elements: the fifth one is SPACE. Way back in ancient India, a scholar, Kanaad, had given the idea of tiny particle or atoms as the basic unit of any material. However, besides the matter content, there is Zero, which was later added in number system by Aryabhatta, another ancient scholar.
Intriguingly, today also in India, we worship Shiva, which (and not who) is indescribable and is present throughout, and Shakti (energy), which help shiva in creation.
Somehow, Indians could not pursue the research work started by ancient scholars. Having said that, it is good that the knowledge is unfolding now.
living in your dreams man. wake up. the reality is different than that
you are so right. in fact indian scholars like aryabhatta figured out the distance between earth, moon and the sun way back in time. And scientists today have used certain instruments to figure out that the numbers they gave were actually right. And its so sad to see our people abandoning our culture and values in pursuit of fame.
@@ameesinghamazing3825 doing a little google search doesnt hurt your finger brother. while i value patriotism, but being blind about it is totally not ok. the man who first measured the distance between earth and mon was Aristarchus and he was born around 310 BCE, while Aryabhata was born in 476 CE. this is the fact everybody agrees on.
sorry, I stopped reading when I saw Hindu ancie...
@@LoveCoffee123 omg dude, this is hilarious. i mean like people can have different faith, but being delusional that's another story.
Why didn't we study all this in high school?!! X-(
Because George Washington and basic chemistry are much more important.
+Canned Snacks I can't see them be
because there are a lot of things to actually learn, and this is just science porn. learn quantum mechanics first, because string theory is pretty much an attempt to explain that.
+Hiba Mary okay so youre saying instead of teaching high schoolers about things they can actually experience and would be intuitive to them ( like basic chem in labs and newtonian physics) which they already find hard enough and is at least likely to be useful for them later in life, we should teach them theoretical hypotheses that require understanding of other theories that require understanding of some of the relatively newest and hardest to grasp laws of the universe (general relativity and quantum mechanics)?
its probably worth saying that physicists speculate that the reason quantum mechanics is not introduced into the high school curriculum is because the difficulty of making a visual model for it. There are a few, however it does not really express the subject without a fair amount of subjectivity.
In the past we do introduce stuff like this into the school curriculum, like electro magnetism. Still, once this is in the school curriculum you would probably find THAT boring because it isn't as mystical.
Dark Matter is just Massive Databases of Memes we are not ready for
These endings always give me chills.
same
Existential crisis time
@vanilla berry where
"you're living at the right time to see our understanding explode" Yeah well, it would've been great if i was born a few thousand years later, when we can be out exploring all of this stuff that we can only now dream about...
At least you weren't born a thousand years ago when people thought they were the centre of the universe.
Yay at least im not a monkey eating some berries
Yeah but you wouldn't realize this later.
intelligent life won't survive that much probably
@@mr_dirt3434 Reject humanity return to monke
When I try to think of how I live in the right time, and in the right place to witness and cotribute to all this beautiful train of thought, at some point, by brain starts to hurt. The idea that, of all the possible times and places I could have lived, destiny chose this time and place for me, is just too hard for me to grasp. That's where the whys start invading my mind, and refuse to let any becauses enter.
Your thought itself could be wrong that you live in the right time and right place. Why should there be a right time and right place. Why should you matter so much to yourself when you are just a drop in this ocean of limitless time that will exist long after you are gone
Some of Ted Ed's closing remarks give me goose bumps. Superb
What a great comment section. Really, I mean it. It's so very thoughtful...
When studying dark matter/energy I always get super excited, but get a little depressed at the same time.
0:21 Then everything changed when the Fire element attacked.
😂🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣
Till school day I used to think there's only biggest thing in this universe "The universe" But then I got to know TED-Ed and then I came to know there something much more bigger than the universe.......awesome....thanks TED-Ed for telling us such great things🥰💖💖💖💖
Um dos melhores vídeos que já vi no TH-cam...
Desejo eu que um dia tenha mais vídeos desse nível no TH-cam..
Does it matter? (pun intended)
Loominarty Confirmed Haha matter
I don't get it
+GabeGrapeJuice
"What is dark matter?" - YOU
"Does it matter?" - ME
Get it?
+Thesamurai1999 oh lel
Neutrinos do...
Love it. Elegant and easy-to-grasp explanation.
2013: Nope
2014: Nuhuh
2015: Still no
2016: Not yet
2017: Noooo
2018: Guess what, nope
2019: PUT THIS IN THIS MANS RECOMMENDATIONS
lmao 😂😂😂😂
2020: Write that down, Write that down!
fascinating as always... Ted-Ed's videos never lose their wonder
That is excelent! Visualization and animation done perfectly :)
Brilliant work ted-ed...
2 informative...
Thank u.
Woah, this is beautifully well put together, thank you 🙏🏽😄
Best channel for those looking for deep answers from deep questions.
Light is an agent that lets you see some of the matter that exists. There must be other agents that let you see some other matter that exists. Perhaps that other agent is the key to another parallel universe.
TopTribute Bands yeah
+Andrew Gunner I mean, we can technically see dark matter with gravity
we can't see it, we can only assume it exists.
+Andrew Gunner
I can't see gravity either but I am pretty sure it exists.
Henry School gravity is not matter.
I liked the ending... we live in the time when our understanding is about to explode. Gives me such a fulfilling feeling.
I felt stress free at the end of the video. Thank you soo much!
I love how the animation shows atoms as a nuclei with a shifting electron cloud. That's the way !
Only the cloud is grossly undersized compared to the nucleus.
To note: The classical greek elements weren't 'wrong'.
They just weren't describing proper ELEMENTS.
They were describing the four states of matter:
Solid. Liquid. Gas. Plasma.
shepard1707 I agree. The 4 elements were also metaphors for thought (fire), feeling (water), intuition (air) and sensing (earth). Many old beliefs had multiple meanings.
shepard1707 There is also the 5th important element which is Sex.
Similarly, he says they were "wrong" about atoms being indivisible because modern atoms arent They weren't talking about modern atoms and had no understanding of them. What we call atoms were only given the name long after the Greeks, that naming being wrong proves nothing about the idea of a base particle that can't be cut.
Muito elucidativo, educativo e remete à reflexões sobre as limitações que transitam entre o "ver" , "sentir" e o "enxergar". Parabéns pela animação. Jurema.
This is gorgeous! Thank you
The adjectives and adverbs TED Ed uses to describe such complex things and phenomena is just overwhelming. The idea of atom being elegant.The motion of galaxies being graceful.
u r too much into grammar, man!
What we cannot see , can exist. Science is based on OBSERVATION. Does this mean science is LIMITED by its own definition such that it excludes the part of nature that is not VISIBLE or OBSERVABLE? For this instance, what is not visible is observable.
We try to make it visible, for example, radio waves, we cannot see them, but we can see how it acts, the better question is, why science rellays on light?
Quantum PhyZ
Of course scientists try to make things visible that are invisible. Other invisible stuff according to theory is Dark Matter and Energy. For these, they say what is invisible is still science.
But when it comes to religion, why do they not try to make it visible?
Cosmo John Because of evidence. You need evidence, before doing anything else. They have evidence of dark matter and dark energy, due the expansion of the universe, becoming faster and faster. The anti-matter particles for example. Had been found, and some people say it can be included as part of dark matter. In the case of the religion, there isn't enough evidence to support it in terms of science, but this doesn't mean, there is scientists using science to prove religion. Actually one of the great scientists of the XX century, tried to use science to prove religion. And many scientists such as Einstein believed on God. Einstein was even claimed by many as "fanboy" for the religion he supported ( aka, jews, don't know nothing about religion names, or things like that ).
+Quantum PhyZ You are right, Religion lacks evidence. But what if i say God exists in the 6th dimension and science is essentially on the 4th dinension and thats why scientists cannot 'see' the evidence for God? string theory touches on the multidimensions upto 10th. so, how can we conclude god does not exist even though in our human dimension , there is no evidence of him?
Cosmo John The string theory, the quantum fold, etc. Multidimensional theory, consists in using multiple dimensions, to make the maths easier to deal with, and to remove the anomalies that it has. Those 10 dimensions that we created to explain what happens at that level, is to explain the actions and movements on the string case. It is no longer a spacial thing to use. We need to convert it to 10 dimensions, to see its movement and actions, with this said, if we saw god movement in one of those dimensions, it would had been seen. Maybe we will find evidence of God, but not until we define theories and laws, at quantum level, that quite precises and demonstrates how it works. So the search for God is still to far away to us.
And why do we know dark matter isn't another sort of invisible force like gravity?
It actually gave me goosebumps
These space videos always blow my mind.
Dark matter is very difficult to describe concisely, and the fact Vera Rubin was able to discover it is miraculous
We're the Yang in the Yin.
We are the needle injection of life from the light which has taken 5% of the darkness
And ever on we Flow
Be blessed y'all 🙏
Thank you for this enjoyable video.
Thanks this channel gave me so much valuable information
SoooooooOOooOoooO.... we are the universe's way of experiencing itself. Wow, that is a great quote for myself.
actually it's a Kurzgesagt in a nutshell quote.
+Mohaamd Almojil it's a Carl Sagan quote
+Easa Yahiya pretty sure it's an obama bin laden quote
Nope, it's from Melania Trump
*The Dark Universe, made of Dark Matter and Dark Energy*
The Dark Quarantine is driving me to watching every Dark Ted-ED video. My Dark Sleep Schedule is really messed up. I'm running low on Dark Snacks, but at least I can get on to Dark Zoom and do some Dark Learning.
One of my main points of interests and hopefully I get to work on this soon ^^
such a great closing remark
Maybe dark matter is a part of the electromagnetic spectrum that's invisible to us? Further away from gamma rays, real far away. Idk, it's mind boggling
+Niller Symphony what do you mean? 😂
+Niller Symphony idk what you're saying man ahhha😂
+polaroidstyles don't think dark matter is in the em spectrum tho. They seem like 2 completely different things.
+floating cube well maybe haha idk 🤔
read alchemy babe
"A fairly ordinary planet.."
Are you sure about that?
Those smooth transitions!
woah this is so beautiful. I was just mesmerized.
That was phenomenal! The ending gave me incredible goosebumps!
Actually... i was also feeling so small..thn they motivated me😤😤😤
“Does all this make you feel small?”
*Well yes, it quite f***ing does.*
Don't say bad word
The last part gave me goosebumps or better yet, a homey feeling
the message at the end 💕
Interesting but the ending caught me off gaurd. I'm positive we ,humans are not the only ones who have thoufht of this theory. The univerese is expanding greatly so you said so odds are there are "species" or "Aliens" etc with similar knowledge if not more advanced.
i liked the ending
The universe is full of mystery and enigma, and the fact that scientist can openly admit when something is there but can't seem to explain it yet they know for sure it exist is a testament to all humanity and it's entirety.
This video is truly made gracefully
"all the particles we know today are just different harmanics on the string"...
Does anyone else think about "the Music of the Ainur" when they hear that?
I feel like I’m living in a time when scientists thought the earth was flat for where we are in space science
1:24 there, there... That's how you really represent an atom. Great work. Most of videos show it as a planetary model.
Love this channel.. no crazy loud music at the beginning of the video, fast talking douches, etc. Just plain good ole informative video.
Schools: meh lets still say mitochandria is the powerhouse of the cell
0:25 but that all changed when the fire nation attacked
Excellent narration
I'm really enjoying the illustration in this video ☺
This must be the more intelligent part of TH-cam
4:20
Captions: “SUSY” amongus
It's amazing they make these kind of videos
i love to know so much,n this channel is making me more curious day by day,grt wrk
We're on an ordinary planet? How about the only planet that supports life a far as we know. Send pretty special to me.
+Nathan Schreffler you are wrong my friend go and check out the facts/read The Grad Design by Stephen my Bae Hawking. Hundreds have been found (and i think this was like 20 years ago) and billions in our galaxy alone are estimated to exist, nothing special in our universe, altough considering the 10^500 different universes M-Theory predicts and how extremely narrow the conditions for life is we could say we live ina pretty special universe haha :)....I personally belive the reason that we havn't yet found intelligent life like ours yet is a logical and simple one. All the evidence points towards an earth that is about 4,5 billion years, and all the evidence points towards an universe that's about 13,7 billion years. Considering we are carbon-based lifeforms and that carbon can only be created in the centre of stars when they die in a process called resonans, carbon can only have "entered" our solarsystem when a supernova exploded billions of years ago, and that supernova had to have existed/been born shortly after the big bang considering the amount of time it had to have lived b4 it died,i'd say its logical to assume we are one of the very first forms of very intelligent lifeforms in the universe considering the more or less 4 billion years it took from single celled bacteria>us. So I think your statement would be proven utterly wrong in another few billion years when (i hope) we got a PEACEFULL starwars like galaxy.
+Danny Brown Pretty sure he was referring to the fact that our planet is the only planet where we know life exists. Even though there are plenty of other planets that could harbor life, we don't know if they actually do.
we are the only planet on which we met the existing life. we are NOT the only planet we know with the conditions to support life & we are 10000000% sure that we are NOT the only planet with life on it. we are no special snowflake!
+Apokakryptische Landmine I don't think you know how percentages work. Forget that you have to many zeros, I'll assume you mean 100%. my first question is, how can you be that sure that life exists on other planets when we don't even know how life began on this planet? I assume you know that at one point this planet had no life. how can life come from no life? This is not, possible naturally, only supernaturally. That's why Jesus's resurrection is the ultimate proof that he was God's son. life coming from no life shows that God's must have had his hand in the resurrection. you say there is lots of life in the universe. Then my second question for you is, how did that life come about naturally, since at one point there was no life at all in the universe?
***** I don't have much time right now so I'll read the rest of your comment later and take time to formulate an answer. About the too many zeros: is this the first time ever you're confronted with an exaggeration or are you pretending to be an idiot?
0:38 Dry like my jokes...
Hahaha get it?
What a beautiful note to end on
I have been looking for this everywhere
What if the universe is still expanding because it isnt done accelerating yet? After an explosion there is a moment of acceleration. What if that moment isnt finished for the big bang. Im not a physicist so idk, but what if? lol
the big bang is a huge amount of energy being converted into pairs of matter and anti-matter, and since no more anti-matter is observed, there is no more energy feeding into the expansion of the universe
It could be logical, though not probable. If everything was still accelerating it would probably be spreading out. Dark matter keeps everything together and in place.
@@MrAlexAKAprokiller thanks for your good answer, i appreciate it!
Law of Attraction overload!!
the ending line was so intense :3
Very well explained. 💯
The day we understand dark energy and how it affects light time travel will be a walk in the park
3:24 i can see fried chickens, so many of them.
this gave me goosebumps
Really....a great video.
Worth it
Could it be that Dark Matter is 4D hence why we can't see it?
4D stuff is seen as slices of 3D stuff in the 3D world
Why do they think dark matter is matter? All they know is that spacetime is too warped for the amount of visible matter. It is quite possible that matter is not the only thing that bends space time to created gravity. It is quite possibile something else is causing dimples in spacetime (creating gravity pockets) and matter just falls into them naturally. If that is the case then dark matter particles will never be found because dark matter are just "dimples" in spacetime where matter collects. If space is a fabric the dark energy would push space apart creating wrinkles and pockets on the surface of the fabric where matter would collect...more needs to known about space. Looking for a particle may be fruitless.
WyZe because it has mass....anything has mass is matter
WyZe It was just not dimples in space because of which they came up with dark matter theory ! Perhaps listen to video carefully again....it was proved that Galaxy had more mass then the possibly could weigh ! So there must be another matter lying between them holding it together...! Thats why its Matter !
And also other spatial events which arent mentioned in this video like event of two galaxy colliding together but passes unharmed etc etc
Nice analysis. I totally agree with your line of thinking. Too much gravity is not necessarily missing matter. Gravity may imply the existence of mass and matter, but sometimes it doesn't - it is just too much warping of space-time. It is the very riddle of dark matter. Thank you.
@@Germanywithtripti101 We don't know if dark matter has mass. What we know is that space-time seems to be reacting as if there is more than just visual matter present. We are assuming, since we know matter bends space-time, that this must be occurring because of some invisible excess matter but what if matter as we know it is not the only thing that bends space-time? if space time is a "fabric" this may be a feature of space iteslf... I mean no one knows but its fun to think about
@@STAYYZ No we are not assuming, Dark Matter mass is scientifically proven. Go and search more.
This is amazing!!
Wonderful endline❤️
all the video is saying is already in Vedas..... Greeks came to know these after a long time after Vedas.even now if we consider Vedas, they are still thousands of years advanced than the modern day science.
"I know that I know nothing" -Socrates
I love this channel!!
Great channel and fantastic video